Conditions of EMI

This is the PDF file of text No.TE04EA-1. No.TE04EA-1.pdf 98.3.
20
1. Reasons for Noise Suppression

1.1. Conditions for Electromagnetic Interference and Future Trends
Conditions for Electromagnetic

Interference and Future Trends
1
There are three conditions or elements required for EMI

A: EMI generator - a source that emits noise.
B: EMI receiver - a device that is susceptible to noise.
C: EMI path - a path for which the EMI generated can reach the EMI
receiver.
Future trend of noise problems
There is a continual increase in the density of electronic

equipment used in applications where they are affected
by each other.
(Solution)
A: Electronic equipment that emits less noise

B: Electronic equipment that is more immune to noise
“A” and “B” shown above are required.
The wide array of electronic equipment available makes our life [Notes]
more comfortable, and such equipment is now essential in our
society. The operation of these electronic devices may be disturbed
by noise interference which, in many cases, may jeopardize human
life. For this reason, it is no exaggeration to say that the prevention
of noise interference is an obligation to society.
However, with the increasing amount of electronic equipment
being used together in areas where they can affect each other, the
probability of electoromagenetic interference becomes higher.
Therefore, electronic equipment that emits less noise and will
be in greater demand.
–– 1 ––
This is the PDF file of text No.TE04EA-1. No.TE04EA-1.pdf 98.3.20

1.2. Noise Emission and Immunity
Noise Emission and Immunity

2
Noise
Equipment that emits noise Equipment that is exposed to noise
Preventing equipment from Preventing equipment from being

emitting noise affected by noise
Noise emission suppression Immunization against noise
Emission:
The phenomenon by which electromagnetic energy emanates from a source.
Immunity:
The ability of equipment to perform without degradation or being damaged by electro-
magnetic interference.
EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility):

The ability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in an electromagnetic
environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in
that environment.
EMI (Electromagnetic Interference):

Degradation of the performance of equipment, transmission channel or system,
caused by an electromagnetic disturbance.
“Preventing equipment from emitting noise” is called [Notes]

“EMC” (electromagnetic compatibility) means “equipment’s or
“suppression of emission”. “Emission” means “to emit noise from system’s capability to prevent the equipment or system from
equipment”. “Preventing equipment from being affected by noise” emitting unacceptable noise externally and from malfunctioning
is called “immunization against noise”. “Immunity” means “the due to noise”. “EMI” (electromagnetic interference) means “decline
extent to which equipment is resistant to noise without in the performance of equipment, transmission channels, or systems
malfunctioning (degradation of performance) or being damaged”. due to noise (electromagnetic disturbance) when the EMC is
Though “EMS” (electromagnetic susceptibility), which refers to unsatisfactory”.
the susceptibility of equipment to noise, is also used, “immunity”
is generally used as an antonym of “emission”.
–– 2 ––
This is the PDF file of text No.TE04EA-1. No.TE04EA-1.pdf 98.3.20

1.3. Noise Regulations
Noise Regulations
3
History of regulations on noise in regard to

information technology equipment (ITE)
'81 '86 '96
Regulations on
noise emission
U.S.A.
(FCC part 15)
Japan
(VCCI: Voluntary control)
EU
(EMC directive)
'96
Regulations on
noise immunity EU
(EMC directive)
Noise regulations are enforced in many countries. Since most of [Notes]

these regulations have become laws, equipment that does not
comply with the regulations cannot be sold in the country. Though
most of the previous regulations were intended to prevent noise
emission, there is an increasing number of regulations dealing with
noise immunity.These regulations state that the equipment should
not degrade perfirmance due to noise.
–– 3 ––

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This is the PDF file of text No.TE04EA-1. No.TE04EA-1.pdf 98.3.

1. Reasons for Noise Suppression

Conditions for Electromagnetic

There are three conditions or elements required for EMI

Future trend of noise problems

There is a continual increase in the density of electronic

A: Electronic equipment that emits less noise

1. Reasons for Noise Suppression

Noise Emission and Immunity

Equipment that emits noise Equipment that is exposed to noise

Preventing equipment from Preventing equipment from being

Noise emission suppression Immunization against noise

EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility):

EMI (Electromagnetic Interference):

“Preventing equipment from emitting noise” is called [Notes]

1. Reasons for Noise Suppression

History of regulations on noise in regard to

Noise regulations are enforced in many countries. Since most of [Notes]

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