Alg 2 Resource Ws CH 2 PDF

Chapter 2
Resource Masters
Consumable Workbooks
Many of the worksheets contained in the Chapter Resource Masters booklets
are available as consumable workbooks.
Study Guide and Intervention Workbook 0-07-828029-X
Skills Practice Workbook 0-07-828023-0
Practice Workbook 0-07-828024-9
ANSWERS FOR WORKBOOKS The answers for Chapter 2 of these workbooks

can be found in the back of this Chapter Resource Masters booklet.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America. Permission is granted to reproduce the
material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only
for classroom use; be provided to students, teacher, and families without charge;
and be used solely in conjunction with Glencoe’s Algebra 2. Any other reproduction,
for use or sale, is prohibited without prior written permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:

The McGraw-Hill Companies
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN: 0-07-828005-2 Algebra 2

Chapter 2 Resource Masters
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 066 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03
Contents
Vocabulary Builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Lesson 2-6
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . . 87–88
Lesson 2-1 Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . . 57–58 Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Lesson 2-7
Lesson 2-2 Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . . 63–64 Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Chapter 2 Assessment
Chapter 2 Test, Form 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99–100
Lesson 2-3 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2A . . . . . . . . . . . 101–102
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . . 69–70 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2B . . . . . . . . . . . 103–104
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2C . . . . . . . . . . . 105–106
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2D . . . . . . . . . . . 107–108
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Chapter 2 Test, Form 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . 109–110
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Chapter 2 Open-Ended Assessment . . . . . . 111
Chapter 2 Vocabulary Test/Review . . . . . . . 112
Lesson 2-4 Chapter 2 Quizzes 1 & 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Study Guide and Intervention . . . . . . . . . 75–76 Chapter 2 Quizzes 3 & 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Chapter 2 Mid-Chapter Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Chapter 2 Cumulative Review . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Reading to Learn Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Chapter 2 Standardized Test Practice . . 117–118
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Standardized Test Practice
Lesson 2-5 Student Recording Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A1
ANSWERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2–A32
Skills Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Enrichment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iii Glencoe Algebra 2

Teacher’s Guide to Using the
Chapter 2 Resource Masters
The Fast File Chapter Resource system allows you to conveniently file the resources
you use most often. The Chapter 2 Resource Masters includes the core materials needed
for Chapter 2. These materials include worksheets, extensions, and assessment options.
The answers for these pages appear at the back of this booklet.
All of the materials found in this booklet are included for viewing and printing in the
Algebra 2 TeacherWorks CD-ROM.
Vocabulary Builder Pages vii–viii Practice There is one master for each
include a student study tool that presents lesson. These problems more closely follow
up to twenty of the key vocabulary terms the structure of the Practice and Apply
from the chapter. Students are to record section of the Student Edition exercises.
definitions and/or examples for each term. These exercises are of average difficulty.
You may suggest that students highlight or
star the terms with which they are not WHEN TO USE These provide additional
familiar. practice options or may be used as
homework for second day teaching of the
WHEN TO USE Give these pages to lesson.
students before beginning Lesson 2-1.
Encourage them to add these pages to their Reading to Learn Mathematics
Algebra 2 Study Notebook. Remind them One master is included for each lesson. The
to add definitions and examples as they first section of each master asks questions
complete each lesson. about the opening paragraph of the lesson
in the Student Edition. Additional
Study Guide and Intervention questions ask students to interpret the
Each lesson in Algebra 2 addresses two context of and relationships among terms
objectives. There is one Study Guide and in the lesson. Finally, students are asked to
Intervention master for each objective. summarize what they have learned using
various representation techniques.
WHEN TO USE Use these masters as
reteaching activities for students who need WHEN TO USE This master can be used
additional reinforcement. These pages can as a study tool when presenting the lesson
also be used in conjunction with the Student or as an informal reading assessment after
Edition as an instructional tool for students presenting the lesson. It is also a helpful
who have been absent. tool for ELL (English Language Learner)
students.
Skills Practice There is one master for
each lesson. These provide computational Enrichment There is one extension
practice at a basic level. master for each lesson. These activities may
extend the concepts in the lesson, offer an
WHEN TO USE These masters can be historical or multicultural look at the
used with students who have weaker concepts, or widen students’ perspectives on
mathematics backgrounds or need the mathematics they are learning. These
additional reinforcement. are not written exclusively for honors
students, but are accessible for use with all
levels of students.
WHEN TO USE These may be used as
extra credit, short-term projects, or as
activities for days when class periods are
shortened.
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iv Glencoe Algebra 2

Assessment Options Intermediate Assessment
The assessment masters in the Chapter 2 • Four free-response quizzes are included
Resource Masters offer a wide range of to offer assessment at appropriate
assessment tools for intermediate and final intervals in the chapter.
assessment. The following lists describe each
• A Mid-Chapter Test provides an option
assessment master and its intended use.
to assess the first half of the chapter. It is
composed of both multiple-choice and
Chapter Assessment free-response questions.
CHAPTER TESTS
• Form 1 contains multiple-choice questions Continuing Assessment
and is intended for use with basic level • The Cumulative Review provides
students. students an opportunity to reinforce and
retain skills as they proceed through
• Forms 2A and 2B contain multiple-choice
their study of Algebra 2. It can also be
questions aimed at the average level
used as a test. This master includes
student. These tests are similar in format
free-response questions.
to offer comparable testing situations.
• The Standardized Test Practice offers
• Forms 2C and 2D are composed of free-
continuing review of algebra concepts in
response questions aimed at the average
various formats, which may appear on
level student. These tests are similar in
the standardized tests that they may
format to offer comparable testing
encounter. This practice includes multiple-
situations. Grids with axes are provided
choice, grid-in, and quantitative-
for questions assessing graphing skills.
comparison questions. Bubble-in and
• Form 3 is an advanced level test with grid-in answer sections are provided on
free-response questions. Grids without the master.
axes are provided for questions assessing
graphing skills.
Answers
All of the above tests include a free- • Page A1 is an answer sheet for the
response Bonus question. Standardized Test Practice questions
• The Open-Ended Assessment includes that appear in the Student Edition on
performance assessment tasks that are pages 106–107. This improves students’
suitable for all students. A scoring rubric familiarity with the answer formats they
is included for evaluation guidelines. may encounter in test taking.
Sample answers are provided for • The answers for the lesson-by-lesson
assessment. masters are provided as reduced pages
• A Vocabulary Test, suitable for all with answers appearing in red.
students, includes a list of the vocabulary • Full-size answer keys are provided for
words in the chapter and ten questions the assessment masters in this booklet.
assessing students’ knowledge of those
terms. This can also be used in conjunc-
tion with one of the chapter tests or as a
review worksheet.
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill v Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder
Vocabulary Builder
This is an alphabetical list of the key vocabulary terms you will learn in Chapter 2.
As you study the chapter, complete each term’s definition or description.
Remember to add the page number where you found the term. Add these pages to
your Algebra Study Notebook to review vocabulary at the end of the chapter.
Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
absolute value function
boundary
constant function
family of graphs
function
greatest integer function
identity function
linear equation
line of fit
one-to-one function
(continued on the next page)
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill vii Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Vocabulary Builder (continued)
Found
Vocabulary Term Definition/Description/Example
on Page
parent graph
piecewise function





PEES·WYZ
point-slope form
prediction equation







pree·DIHK·shuhn
relation
scatter plot
slope
slope-intercept form





IHN·tuhr·SEHPT
standard form
step function
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill viii Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Study Guide and Intervention

Relations and Functions
Graph Relations A relation can be represented as a set of ordered pairs or as an
equation; the relation is then the set of all ordered pairs (x, y) that make the equation true.
The domain of a relation is the set of all first coordinates of the ordered pairs, and the
range is the set of all second coordinates.
A function is a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one
element of the range. You can tell if a relation is a function by graphing, then using the
vertical line test. If a vertical line intersects the graph at more than one point, the
relation is not a function.
Example
Lesson 2-1
Graph the equation y 2x 3 and find the domain and range. Does
the equation represent a function?
Make a table of values to find ordered pairs that x y
y
satisfy the equation. Then graph the ordered pairs.
1 5
The domain and range are both all real numbers. The
graph passes the vertical line test, so it is function. 0 3
O x
1 1
2 1
3 3
Exercises
Graph each relation or equation and find the domain and range. Then determine
whether the relation or equation is a function.
1. {(1, 3), (3, 5), 2. {(3, 4), (1, 0), 3. {(0, 4), (3, 2),
(2, 5), (2, 3)} (2, 2), (3, 2)} (3, 2), (5, 1)}
y y y
O x
O x
O x
D {3, 2, 1, 2}, D {1, 2, 3}, D {3, 0, 3, 5},

R {3, 5}; yes R {4, 2, 0, 2}; no R {2, 1, 2, 4}; yes
4. y x2 1 5. y x 4 6. y 3x 2
y y y
O x
O x
O x
D all reals, D all reals, D all reals,

R {yy 1}; yes R all reals; yes R all reals; yes
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 57 Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Equations of Functions and Relations Equations that represent functions are
often written in functional notation. For example, y 10 8x can be written as
f(x) 10 8x. This notation emphasizes the fact that the values of y, the dependent
variable, depend on the values of x, the independent variable.
To evaluate a function, or find a functional value, means to substitute a given value in the
domain into the equation to find the corresponding element in the range.
Example Given the function f(x) x2 2x, find each value.
a. f(3)
f(x) x2 2x Original function
f(3) 32 2(3) Substitute.
15 Simplify.
b. f(5a)
f(x) x2 2x Original function
f(5a) (5a)2 2(5a) Substitute.
25a2 10a Simplify.
Exercises
Find each value if f(x) 2x 4.
1. f(12) 20 2. f(6) 8 3. f(2b) 4b 4
Find each value if g(x) x3 x.
4. g(5) 120 5. g(2) 6 6. g(7c) 343c 3 7c
2
Find each value if f(x) 2x and g(x) 0.4x 2 1.2.
x
1
7. f(0.5) 5 8. f(8) 16 9. g(3) 2.4
4
b2
10. g(2.5) 1.3 11. f(4a) 8a
1
2a b2
12. g 1.2
10
13
13. f 6
2
3
14. g(10) 38.8 15. f(200) 400.01
Let f(x) 2x2 1.
16. Find the values of f(2) and f(5). f (2) 7, f (5) 49
17. Compare the values of f(2) f(5) and f(2 5). f (2) f (5) 343, f (2 5) 199

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Skills Practice

Determine whether each relation is a function. Write yes or no.
1. D R yes 2. D R no
100 50 1
200 100 3
300 150 5
Lesson 2-1
3. x y
yes 4. y no
1 2
2 4
3 6
O x
5. {(2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 1)} 6. {(2, 6), (6, 2)}
y y
O x
O x
D {2}, R {3, 1, 4}; no D {2, 6}, R {2, 6}; yes

7. {(3, 4), (2, 4), (1, 1), (3, 1)} 8. x 2
y y
O x
O x
D {3, 2, 1, 3}, D {2}, R all reals; no

R {1, 4}; yes
Find each value if f(x) 2x 1 and g(x) 2 x2.
9. f(0) 1 10. f(12) 23 11. g(4) 14
12. f(2) 5 13. g(1) 1 14. f(d) 2d 1

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Practice (Average)

Determine whether each relation is a function. Write yes or no.
1. D R no 2. D R yes
21 5 105
2
25 10
8 30 15 110
3. x y
yes 4. y no
3 0
1 1 O x
0 0
2 2
3 4
5. {(4, 1), (4, 0), (0, 3), (2, 0)} 6. y 2x 1

y
O x
D {4, 0, 2, 4}, D all reals, R all reals; yes

R {1, 0, 3}; yes
5
Find each value if f(x) and g(x) 2x 3.
x2
7. f(3) 1
5
8. f(4)
2 12
9. g 2
5
10. f(2) undefined 11. g(6) 15 12. f(m 2)
m
13. MUSIC The ordered pairs (1, 16), (2, 16), (3, 32), (4, 32), and (5, 48) represent the cost of
buying various numbers of CDs through a music club. Identify the domain and range of
the relation. Is the relation a function? D {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, R {16, 32, 48}; yes
14. COMPUTING If a computer can do one calculation in 0.0000000015 second, then the
function T(n) 0.0000000015n gives the time required for the computer to do n
calculations. How long would it take the computer to do 5 billion calculations? 7.5 s
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Pre-Activity How do relations and functions apply to biology?
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-1 at the top of page 56 in your textbook.
• Refer to the table. What does the ordered pair (8, 20) tell you? For a
deer, the average longevity is 8 years and the maximum
longevity is 20 years.
• Suppose that this table is extended to include more animals. Is it possible
to have an ordered pair for the data in which the first number is larger
than the second? Sample answer: No, the maximum longevity
Lesson 2-1
must always be greater than the average longevity.
Reading the Lesson

1. a. Explain the difference between a relation and a function. Sample answer: A
relation is any set of ordered pairs. A function is a special kind of
relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly
one element in the range.
b. Explain the difference between domain and range. Sample answer: The domain
of a relation is the set of all first coordinates of the ordered pairs. The
range is the set of all second coordinates.
2. a. Write the domain and range of the relation shown in the graph.
y
(0, 4)
(–3, 2)
(3, 1)
(–2, 0) O x
(–1, –5) (3, –4)
D: {3, 2, 1, 0, 3}; R: {5, 4, 0, 1, 2, 4}

b. Is this relation a function? Explain. Sample answer: No, it is not a function
because one of the elements of the domain, 3, is paired with two
elements of the range.
Helping You Remember

3. Look up the words dependent and independent in a dictionary. How can the meaning of
these words help you distinguish between independent and dependent variables in a
function? Sample answer: The variable whose values depend on, or are
determined by, the values of the other variable is the dependent variable.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Enrichment
Mappings
There are three special ways in which one set can be mapped to another. A set
can be mapped into another set, onto another set, or can have a one-to-one
correspondence with another set.
A mapping from set A to set B where every element of A is mapped to one or more
Into mapping
elements of set B, but never to an element not in B.
A mapping from set A to set B where each element of set B has at least one element of
Onto mapping
set A mapped to it.
One-to-one A mapping from set A onto set B where each element of set A is mapped to exactly one
correspondence element of set B and different elements of A are never mapped to the same element of B.
State whether each set is mapped into the second set, onto the second
set, or has a one-to-one correspondence with the second set.
1. 2. 3. 4.
2 7 4 0 a 1 10
4 0 12 –3 g 3 –6
3
–1 2 6 9 k 7 24
–4 7 l 9 2
q –5
into, onto into, onto into, onto, into, onto

one-to-one
5. 6. 7. 8.
1 –2 15 1 –2 1 –2
4 9 10 –3 4 9 4 9
–7 12 2 –7 12 –7 12
0 5 0 5 0 5
into into, onto into, onto into, onto,

one-to-one
9. Can a set be mapped onto a set with fewer elements than it has? yes
10. Can a set be mapped into a set that has more elements than it has? yes
11. If a mapping from set A into set B is a one-to-one correspondence, what

can you conclude about the number of elements in A and B?
The sets have the same number of elements.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Linear Equations
Identify Linear Equations and Functions A linear equation has no operations
other than addition, subtraction, and multiplication of a variable by a constant. The
variables may not be multiplied together or appear in a denominator. A linear equation does
not contain variables with exponents other than 1. The graph of a linear equation is a line.
A linear function is a function whose ordered pairs satisfy a linear equation. Any linear
function can be written in the form f(x) mx b, where m and b are real numbers.
If an equation is linear, you need only two points that satisfy the equation in order to graph
the equation. One way is to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept and connect these two
points with a line.
Example 1 Is f(x) 0.2 a

x Example 3
Find the x-intercept and the
5
linear function? Explain. y-intercept of the graph of 4x 5y 20.
Yes; it is a linear function because it can Then graph the equation.
be written in the form The x-intercept is the value of x when y 0.
1
f(x) x 0.2. 4x 5y 20 Original equation
5
Lesson 2-2
4x 5(0) 20 Substitute 0 for y.
Example 2 Is 2x xy 3y 0 a x5 Simplify.
linear function? Explain. So the x-intercept is 5. y
No; it is not a linear function because Similarly, the
O x
the variables x and y are multiplied y-intercept is 4.
together in the middle term.
Exercises
State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain.
18 x
1. 6y x 7 yes 2. 9x No; the 3. f(x) 2 yes
y 11
variable y appears
in the denominator.
Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of each equation. Then graph
the equation.
4. 2x 7y 14 5. 5y x 10 6. 2.5x 5y 7.5 0
x-int: 7; y-int: 2 x-int: 10; y-int: 2 x-int: 3; y-int: 1.5
y y y
O x O x
O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Linear Equations
Standard Form The standard form of a linear equation is Ax By C, where
A, B, and C are integers whose greatest common factor is 1.
Example Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.

a. y 8x 5 b. 14x 7y 21
y 8x 5 Original equation 14x 7y 21 Original equation
8x y 5 Subtract 8x from each side. 14x 7y 21 Add 7y to each side.
8x y 5 Multiply each side by 1. 2x y 3 Divide each side by 7.
So A 8, B 1, and C 5. So A 2, B 1, and C 3.
Exercises
Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.
1. 2x 4y 1 2. 5y 2x 3 3. 3x 5y 2
2x 4y 1; A 2, 2x 5y 3; A 2, 3x 5y 2; A 3,
B 4, C 1 B 5, C 3 B 5, C 2
3 2
4. 18y 24x 9 5. y x 5 6. 6y 8x 10 0
4 3
8x 6y 3; A 8, 8x 9y 60; A 8, 4x 3y 5; A 4,
B 6, C 3 B 9, C 60 B 3, C 5
7. 0.4x 3y 10 8. x 4y 7 9. 2y 3x 6
2x 15y 50; A 2, x 4y 7; A 1, 3x 2y 6; A 3,
B 15, C 50 B 4, C 7 B 2, C 6
2 1
10. x y 2 0 11. 4y 4x 12 0 12. 3x 18
5 3
6x 5y 30; A 6, x y 3; A 1, x 6; A 1,
B 5, C 30 B 1, C 3 B 0, C 6
y
13. x 7 14. 3y 9x 18 15. 2x 20 8y
9
9x y 63; A 9, 3x y 6; A 3, x 4y 10; A 1,
B 1, C 63 B 1, C 6 B 4, C 10
y
16. 3 2x
4 5x2
17. y 8
3
4
18. 0.25y 2x 0.75
8x y 12; A 8, 10x 3y 32; A 10, 8x y 3; A 8,
B 1, C 12 B 3, C 32 B 1, C 3
x
19. 2y 4 0 20. 1.6x 2.4y 4 21. 0.2x 100 0.4y
6
x 12y 24; A 1, 2x 3y 5; A 2, x 2y 500; A 1,
B 12, C 24 B 3, C 5 B 2, C 500

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-2 Skills Practice

Linear Equations
State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain
your reasoning.
1. y 3x 2. y 2 5x
yes yes
3. 2x y 10 4. f(x) 4x2
yes No; the exponent of x is not 1.
3 1
5. y 15 6. x y 8
x 3
No; x is in a denominator. yes
7. g(x) 8 8. h(x) x 3
yes No; x is inside a square root.
Lesson 2-2
9. y x x y 0; 1, 1, 0 10. y 5x 1 5x y 1; 5, 1, 1
11. 2x 4 7y 2x 7y 4; 2, 7, 4 12. 3x 2y 2 3x 2y 2; 3, 2, 2
13. 5y 9 0 5y 9; 0, 5, 9 14. 6y 14 8x 4x 3y 7; 4, 3, 7
the equation.
15. y 3x 6 2, 6 16. y 2x 0, 0

y y
O x
O x
17. x y 5 5, 5 18. 2x 5y 10 5, 2
y y
O x
O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Linear Equations
State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain
your reasoning.
2
1. h(x) 23 yes 2. y x yes
3
5
3. y No; x is a denominator. 4. 9 5xy 2 No; x and y are multiplied.
x

3
5. y 7x 5 7x y 5; 7, 1, 5 6. y x 5 3x 8y 40; 3, 8, 40
8
2 3
7. 3y 5 0 3y 5; 0, 3, 5 8. x y 28x 8y 21; 28, 8, 21
7 4
the equation.
9. y 2x 4 2, 4 10. 2x 7y 14 7, 2
y y
O x
O x
11. y 2x 4 2, 4 12. 6x 2y 6 1, 3
13. MEASURE The equation y 2.54x gives the length in centimeters corresponding to a
length x in inches. What is the length in centimeters of a 1-foot ruler? 30.48 cm
LONG DISTANCE For Exercises 14 and 15, use the following information.
For Meg’s long-distance calling plan, the monthly cost C in dollars is given by the linear
function C(t) 6 0.05t, where t is the number of minutes talked.
14. What is the total cost of talking 8 hours? of talking 20 hours? $30; $66
15. What is the effective cost per minute (the total cost divided by the number of minutes
talked) of talking 8 hours? of talking 20 hours? $0.0625; $0.055

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Linear Equations
Pre-Activity How do linear equations relate to time spent studying?
1
• If Lolita spends 2 hours studying math, how many hours will she have
2
1
to study chemistry? 1 hours
2
• Suppose that Lolita decides to stay up one hour later so that she now has
5 hours to study and do homework. Write a linear equation that describes
this situation. x y 5
Reading the Lesson

1. Write yes or no to tell whether each linear equation is in standard form. If it is not,
explain why it is not.
a. x 2y 5 No; A is negative.
Lesson 2-2
b. 9x 12y 5 yes
c. 5x 7y 3 yes
4
d. 2x y 1 No; B is not an integer.
7
e. 0x 0y 0 No; A and B are both 0.
f. 2x 4y 8 No; The greatest common factor of 2, 4, and 8 is 2, not 1.
2. How can you use the standard form of a linear equation to tell whether the graph is a
horizontal line or a vertical line? If A 0, then the graph is a horizontal line. If
B 0, then the graph is a vertical line.

3. One way to remember something is to explain it to another person. Suppose that you
are studying this lesson with a friend who thinks that she should let x 0 to find the
x-intercept and let y 0 to find the y-intercept. How would you explain to her how to
remember the correct way to find intercepts of a line? Sample answer: The
x-intercept is the x-coordinate of a point on the x-axis. Every point on
the x-axis has y-coordinate 0, so let y 0 to find an x-intercept. The
y-intercept is the y-coordinate of a point on the y-axis. Every point on
the y-axis has x-coordinate 0, so let x 0 to find a y-intercept.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-2 Enrichment
Greatest Common Factor

Suppose we are given a linear equation ax by c where a, b, and c are nonzero
integers, and we want to know if there exist integers x and y that satisfy the
equation. We could try guessing a few times, but this process would be time
consuming for an equation such as 588x 432y 72. By using the Euclidean
Algorithm, we can determine not only if such integers x and y exist, but also find
them. The following example shows how this algorithm works.
Example Find integers x and y that satisfy 588x 432y 72.

Divide the greater of the two coefficients by the lesser to get a quotient and
remainder. Then, repeat the process by dividing the divisor by the remainder
until you get a remainder of 0. The process can be written as follows.
588 432(1) 156 (1)

432 156(2) 120 (2)
156 120(1) 36 (3)
120 36(3) 12 (4)
36 12(3)
The last nonzero remainder is the GCF of the two coefficients. If the constant
term 72 is divisible by the GCF, then integers x and y do exist that satisfy the
equation. To find x and y, work backward in the following manner.
72 6 12
6 [120 36(3)] Substitute for 12 using (4)
6(120) 18(36)
6(120) 18[156 120(1)] Substitute for 36 using (3)
18(156) 24(120)
24(432) 66(156)
588(66) 432(90)
Thus, x 66 and y 90.
Find integers x and y, if they exist, that satisfy each equation.
1. 27x 65y 3 2. 45x 144y 36
3. 90x 117y 10 4. 123x 36y 15
5. 1032x 1001y 1 6. 3125x 3087y 1

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Slope
Slope
change in y y y
Slope m of a Line For points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), where x1 x2, m
2 1
change in x x2 x1
Example 1 Determine the slope of Example 2 Graph the line passing

the line that passes through (2, 1) and 4
through (1, 3) with a slope of .
(4, 5). 5
Graph the ordered y
y y
m
2 1 Slope formula pair (1, 3). Then,
x2 x1
according to the
5 (1) slope, go up 4 units
(x1, y1) (2, 1), (x2, y2) (4, 5) O x
4 2 and right 5 units.
6 Plot the new point
1 Simplify. (4,1). Connect the
6
points and draw
The slope of the line is 1. the line.
Exercises
Find the slope of the line that passes through each pair of points.
1. (4, 7) and (6, 13) 3 2. (6, 4) and (3, 4) 0 3. (5, 1) and (7, 3) 2
2 1
4. (5, 3) and (4, 3) 5. (5, 10) and (1,2) 2 6. (1, 4) and (13, 2)
3 2
5 2 3
7. (7, 2) and (3, 3) 8. (5, 9) and (5, 5) 9. (4, 2) and (4, 8)
Lesson 2-3
4 5 4
Graph the line passing through the given point with the given slope.
1
10. slope 11. slope 2 12. slope 0
3
passes through (0, 2) passes through (1, 4) passes through (2, 5)
y y y
O x
O x O x
3 1
13. slope 1 14. slope 15. slope
4 5
y y y
O x
O x
O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____
Slope
Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
In a plane, nonvertical lines with the In a plane, two oblique lines are perpendicular if
same slope are parallel. All vertical and only if the product of their slopes is 1. Any
lines are parallel. vertical line is perpendicular to any horizontal line.
y y
slope m
slope m
O x O x
1
slope m
slope m
Example Are the line passing through (2, 6) and (2, 2) and the line passing
through (3, 0) and (0, 4) parallel, perpendicular, or neither?
Find the slopes of the two lines.
62
The slope of the first line is 1.
2 (2)
40 4
The slope of the second line is .
03 3
The slopes are not equal and the product of the slopes is not 1, so the lines are neither
parallel nor perpendicular.
Exercises
Are the lines parallel, perpendicular, or neither?
1. the line passing through (4, 3) and (1, 3) and the line passing through (1, 2) and (1, 3)
perpendicular
neither
3. the line passing through (3, 9) and (2, 1) and the graph of y 2x parallel
4. the line with x-intercept 2 and y-intercept 5 and the line with x-intercept 2 and
y-intercept 5 parallel
y-intercept 1 neither
6. the line passing through (2, 3) and (2, 5) and the graph of x 2y 10
perpendicular
7. the line passing through (4, 8) and (6, 4) and the graph of 2x 5y 5 parallel

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-3 Skills Practice

Slope
2
1. (1, 5), (1, 3) 4 2. (0, 2), (3, 0) 3. (1, 9), (0, 6) 3
3
3
4. (8, 5), (4, 2) 5. (3, 5), (3, 1) undefined 6. (2, 2), (10, 2) 0
4
6
7. (4, 5), (2, 7) 1 8. (2, 4), (3, 2) 9. (5, 2), (3, 2) 0
5
10. (0, 4), m 1 11. (2, 4), m 1

y y
O x
O x
12. (3, 5), m 2 13. (2, 1), m 2

y y
O x O x
Lesson 2-3
Graph the line that satisfies each set of conditions.
14. passes through (0, 1), perpendicular to 15. passes through (0, 5), parallel to the
1 graph of y 1
a line whose slope is
3
y y
O x
O x
16. HIKING Naomi left from an elevation of 7400 feet at 7:00 A.M. and hiked to an elevation
of 9800 feet by 11:00 A.M. What was her rate of change in altitude? 600 ft/h

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____
Slope
5 5
1. (3, 8), (5, 2) 2. (10, 3), (7, 2) 3. (7, 6), (3, 6) 0
4 17
5 7
4. (8, 2), (8, 1) undefined 5. (4, 3), (7, 2) 6. (6, 3), (8, 4)
3 2
3
7. (0, 3), m 3 8. (2, 1), m
4
y y
O x
O x
4
9. (0, 2), m 0 10. (2, 3), m
5
y y
O x
O x
Graph the line that satisfies each set of conditions.
11. passes through (3, 0), perpendicular 12. passes through (3, 1), parallel to a line
3 whose slope is 1
to a line whose slope is
2
y y
O x
O x
DEPRECIATION For Exercises 13–15, use the following information.

A machine that originally cost $15,600 has a value of $7500 at the end of 3 years. The same
machine has a value of $2800 at the end of 8 years.
13. Find the average rate of change in value (depreciation) of the machine between its
purchase and the end of 3 years. $2700 per year
14. Find the average rate of change in value of the machine between the end of 3 years and
the end of 8 years. $940 per year
15. Interpret the sign of your answers. It is negative because the value is decreasing.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Slope
Pre-Activity How does slope apply to the steepness of roads?
• What is the grade of a road that rises 40 feet over a horizontal distance
of 1000 feet? 4%
• What is the grade of a road that rises 525 meters over a horizontal
distance of 10 kilometers? (1 kilometer 1000 meters) 5.25%
Reading the Lesson

1. Describe each type of slope and include a sketch.
Type of Slope Description of Graph Sketch
Positive The line rises to the right.
Zero The line is horizontal.
Lesson 2-3
Negative The line falls to the right.
Undefined The line is vertical.
2. a. How are the slopes of two nonvertical parallel lines related? They are equal.
b. How are the slopes of two oblique perpendicular lines related? Their product is 1.

3. Look up the terms grade, pitch, slant, and slope. How can everyday meanings of these
words help you remember the definition of slope? Sample answer: All these words
can be used when you describe how much a thing slants upward or
downward. You can describe this numerically by comparing rise to run.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-3 Enrichment
Aerial Surveyors and Area

Many land regions have irregular shapes. Aerial surveyors y
supply aerial mappers with lists of coordinates and elevations (5, 7)
for the areas that need to be photographed from the air. These
(2, 5)
maps provide information about the horizontal and vertical
features of the land.
(6, 3)
(2, 1)
Step 1 List the ordered pairs for the vertices in
counterclockwise order, repeating the first O x
ordered pair at the bottom of the list.
Step 2 Find D, the sum of the downward diagonal products (5, 7)

(from left to right).
D (5 5) (2 1) (2 3) (6 7) (2, 5)
25 2 6 42 or 75
(2, 1)
Step 3 Find U, the sum of the upward diagonal products
U (2 7) (2 5) (6 1) (5 3) (6, 3)
14 10 6 15 or 45
(5, 7)
1
Step 4 Use the formula A (D U) to find the area.
2
1
A (75 45)
2
1
(30) or 15
2
The area is 15 square units. Count the number of square units enclosed by
the polygon. Does this result seem reasonable?
Use the coordinate method to find the area of each region in square units.
1. y 2. y 3. y
O x
O x O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Writing Linear Equations
Forms of Equations
Slope-Intercept Form
y mx b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept
of a Linear Equation
Point-Slope Form y y1 m(x x1), where (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a point on the line and
of a Linear Equation m is the slope of the line
Example 1 Write an equation in Example 2 Write an equation in

slope-intercept form for the line that slope-intercept form for the line that
has slope 2 and passes through the 1
has slope and x-intercept 5.
point (3, 7). 3
y mx b Slope-intercept form
Substitute for m, x, and y in the
slope-intercept form.
1
3
0 (5) b 1
(x, y ) (5, 0), m
3
y mx b Slope-intercept form 5
7 (2)(3) b (x, y ) (3, 7), m 2
0b Simplify.
3
7 6 b Simplify. 5
b 5
Subtract
3 3 from both sides.
13 b Add 6 to both sides.
5
The y-intercept is 13. The equation in The y-intercept is . The slope-intercept
3
slope-intercept form is y 2x 13. 1 5
form is y x .
3 3
Exercises
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that satisfies each set of
conditions.
3
1. slope 2, passes through (4, 6) 2. slope , y-intercept 4
2
3
y 2x 2 y x4
2
13
3. slope 1, passes through (2, 5) 4. slope , passes through (5, 7)
5
13
yx3 y x6
5
Lesson 2-4
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for each graph.
5. y 6. y 7. y
(1, 6) (5, 2)
(4, 5) (–4, 1)
O x
(0, 0)
(3, 0) O x
O x
5 1 4
y 3x 9 y x y x 1
4 9 9

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Use the slope-intercept or point-slope form to find
equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. Remember that parallel
lines have equal slope. The slopes of two perpendicular lines are negative reciprocals, that
is, their product is 1.
Example 1 Write an equation of the Example 2 Write an equation of the

line that passes through (8, 2) and is line that passes through (1, 5) and is
perpendicular to the line whose parallel to the graph of y 3x 1.
1
equation is y x 3. The slope of the given line is 3. Since the
2
slopes of parallel lines are equal, the slope
1 of the parallel line is also 3.
The slope of the given line is . Since the
2
Use the slope and the given point to write
slopes of perpendicular lines are negative
the equation.
reciprocals, the slope of the perpendicular
line is 2. y y1 m(x x1) Point-slope form
Use the slope and the given point to write y 5 3(x (1)) (x1, y1) (1, 5), m 3
the equation. y 5 3x 3 Distributive Prop.
y y1 m(x x1) Point-slope form y 3x 8 Add 5 to each side.
y 2 2(x 8) (x1, y1) (8, 2), m 2 An equation of the line is y 3x 8.

y 2 2x 16 Distributive Prop.
y 2x 14 Add 2 to each side.
An equation of the line is y 2x 14.
Exercises
conditions.
1 1
1. passes through (4, 2), parallel to the line whose equation is y x 5 y x 4
2 2
1
2. passes through (3, 1), perpendicular to the graph of y 3x 2 y x
3
3. passes through (1, 1), parallel to the line that passes through (4, 1) and (2, 3)
y 2x 3
4. passes through (4, 7), perpendicular to the line that passes through (3, 6) and (3, 15)
y7
1
5. passes through (8, 6), perpendicular to the graph of 2x y 4 y x 2
2
6. passes through (2, 2), perpendicular to the graph of x 5y 6 y 5x 12
7. passes through (6, 1), parallel to the line with x-intercept 3 and y-intercept 5
5
y x9
3
1 1
8. passes through (2, 1), perpendicular to the line y 4x 11 y x
4 2

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-4 Skills Practice

State the slope and y-intercept of the graph of each equation.
3 3
1. y 7x 5 7, 5 2. y x 3 , 3
5 5
2 2 3
3. y x , 0 4. 3x 4y 4 , 1
3 3 4
4 3
5. 7y 4x 7 , 1 6. 3x 2y 6 0 , 3
7 2
5
7. 2x y 5 2, 5 8. 2y 6 5x , 3
2
9. y 10. y 11. y
(1, 2) (0, 3)
O x O x
(–3, –1) (4, –1) O x
(–1, –4)
(3, –3)
y 3x 1 y 1 y 2x 3
conditions.
12. slope 3, passes through (1, 3) 13. slope 1, passes through (0, 0)
y 3x 6 y x
Lesson 2-4
14. slope 2, passes through (0, 5) 15. slope 3, passes through (2, 0)
y 2x 5 y 3x 6
16. passes through (1, 2) and (3, 1) 17. passes through (2, 4) and (1, 8)
3 7
y x y 4x 4
2 2
5
18. x-intercept 2, y-intercept 6 19. x-intercept , y-intercept 5
2
y 3x 6 y 2x 5
1
20. passes through (3, 1), perpendicular to the graph of y x 4. y 3x 10
3

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

State the slope and y-intercept of the graph of each equation.
3 3
1. y 8x 12 8, 12 2. y 0.25x 1 0.25, 1 3. y x , 0
5 5
7 3 2 10
4. 3y 7 0, 5. 3x 15 5y , 3 6. 2x 3y 10 ,
3 5 3 3
7. y 8. y 9. y
(4, 4)
(–3, 3)
(0, 2)
O x
O x O x
(3, –1)
(0, –2)
3 2
y2 y x2 y x1
2 3
conditions.
4
5
4
y 5x 23 y x 11
5
2
3
2
y 10 y x4
3
2 1 1
y x9 y x
3 4 4
16. x-intercept 3, y-intercept 2 17. x-intercept 5, y-intercept 7
2 7
y x2 y x7
3 5
1
18. passes through (8, 7), perpendicular to the graph of y 4x 3 y x 9
4
19. RESERVOIRS The surface of Grand Lake is at an elevation of 648 feet. During the
current drought, the water level is dropping at a rate of 3 inches per day. If this trend
continues, write an equation that gives the elevation in feet of the surface of Grand Lake
after x days. y 0.25x 648
20. BUSINESS Tony Marconi’s company manufactures CD-ROM drives. The company will
make $150,000 profit if it manufactures 100,000 drives, and $1,750,000 profit if it
manufactures 500,000 drives. The relationship between the number of drives
manufactured and the profit is linear. Write an equation that gives the profit P when
n drives are manufactured. P 4n 250,000

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Pre-Activity How do linear equations apply to business?
• If the total cost of producing a product is given by the equation
y 5400 1.37x, what is the fixed cost? What is the variable cost
(for each item produced)? $5400; $1.37
• Write a linear equation that describes the following situation:
A company that manufactures computers has a fixed cost of $228,750 and
a variable cost of $852 to produce each computer.
y 228,750 852x
Reading the Lesson

1. a. Write the slope-intercept form of the equation of a line. Then explain the meaning of
each of the variables in the equation. y mx b; m is the slope and b is the
y-intercept. The variables x and y are the coordinates of any point on
the line.
b. Write the point-slope form of the equation of a line. Then explain the meaning of each
of the variables in the equation. y y1 m(x x1); m is the slope. x and y
are the coordinates of any point on the line. x1 and y1 are the
coordinates of one specific point on the line.
2. Suppose that your algebra teacher asks you to write the point-slope form of the equation
of the line through the points (6, 7) and (3, 2). You write y 2 3(x 3) and
your classmate writes y 7 3(x 6). Which of you is correct? Explain. You are
both correct. Either point may be used as (x1, y1 ) in the point-slope form.
You used (3, 2), and your classmate used (6, 7).
3. You are asked to write an equation of two lines that pass through (3, 5), one of them
Lesson 2-4
parallel to and one of them perpendicular to the line whose equation is y 3x 4.
The first step in finding these equations is to find their slopes. What is the slope of the
parallel line? What is the slope of the perpendicular line? 1
3;
3

4. Many students have trouble remembering the point-slope form for a linear equation.
How can you use the definition of slope to remember this form? Sample answer:
y2 y1
Write the definition of slope: m
x2 x1 . Multiply both sides of this
equation by x2 x1. Drop the subscripts in y2 and x2. This gives the
point-slope form of the equation of a line.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-4 Enrichment
Two-Intercept Form of a Linear Equation

You are already familiar with the slope-intercept form of a linear equation,
x y
y mx b. Linear equations can also be written in the form 1 with
a b
x-intercept a and y-intercept b. This is called two-intercept form.
Example 1 x y
Draw the graph of 1. y
3 6
The graph crosses the x-axis at 3 and the y-axis at 6. Graph
(3, 0) and (0, 6), then draw a straight line through them.
O x
Example 2 Write 3x 4y 12 in two-intercept form.

3x 4y 12
Divide by 12 to obtain 1 on the right side.
12 12 12
x y
1 Simplify.
4 3
The x-intercept is 4; the y-intercept is 3.
Use the given intercepts a and b, to write an equation in two-intercept

form. Then draw the graph. See students’ graphs.
1. a 2, b 4 2. a 1, b 8
3. a 3, b 5 4. a 6, b 9
Write each equation in two-intercept form. Then draw the graph.

1 1
5. 3x 2y 6 6. x y 1 7. 5x 2y 10
2 4
y y y
O x O x O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Modeling Real-World Data: Using Scatter Plots
Scatter Plots When a set of data points is graphed as ordered pairs in a coordinate
plane, the graph is called a scatter plot. A scatter plot can be used to determine if there is
a relationship among the data.
Example BASEBALL The table below shows the number of home runs and
runs batted in for various baseball players who won the Most Valuable Player
Award during the 1990s. Make a scatter plot of the data.
Home Runs Runs Batted In MVP HRs and RBIs
150
33 114
125
Runs Batted In
39 116 100
40 130 75
50
28 61
25
41 128
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48
47 144
Home Runs
Source: New York Times Almanac
Exercises
Make a scatter plot for the data in each table below.
1. FUEL EFFICIENCY The table below shows the average Average Fuel Efficiency
fuel efficiency in miles per gallon of new cars 36
manufactured during the years listed. 30
Miles per Gallon
Year Fuel Efficiency (mpg) 24

18
1960 15.5
12
1970 14.1
6
1980 22.6 0
1960 1970 1980 1990
1990 26.9 Year
2. CONGRESS The table below shows the number of Women in Congress

women serving in the United States Congress during 70
Number of Women
the years 19871999. 56

Congressional Session Number of Women 42
28
100 25
14
101 31
0
Lesson 2-5
100 102 104

102 33
Session of Congress
103 55
104 58
105 62
Source: Wall Street Journal Almanac

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Prediction Equations A line of fit is a line that closely approximates a set of data
graphed in a scatter plot. The equation of a line of fit is called a prediction equation
because it can be used to predict values not given in the data set.
To find a prediction equation for a set of data, select two points that seem to represent the
data well. Then to write the prediction equation, use what you know about writing a linear
equation when given two points on the line.
Example STORAGE COSTS According to a certain prediction equation, the

cost of 200 square feet of storage space is $60. The cost of 325 square feet of
storage space is $160.
a. Find the slope of the prediction equation. What does it represent?
Since the cost depends upon the square footage, let x represent the amount of storage
space in square feet and y represent the cost in dollars. The slope can be found using the
y y 160 60 100
formula m
2 1
. So, m 0.8
x2 x1 325 200 125
The slope of the prediction equation is 0.8. This means that the price of storage increases
80¢ for each one-square-foot increase in storage space.
b. Find a prediction equation.

Using the slope and one of the points on the line, you can use the point-slope form to find
a prediction equation.
y y1 m(x x1) Point-slope form
y 60 0.8(x 200) (x1, y1) (200, 60), m 0.8
y 60 0.8x 160 Distributive Property
y 0.8x 100 Add 60 to both sides.
A prediction equation is y 0.8x 100.
Exercises
SALARIES The table below shows the years of experience for eight technicians at
Lewis Techomatic and the hourly rate of pay each technician earns. Use the data
for Exercises 1 and 2.
Experience (years) 9 4 3 1 10 6 12 8
Hourly Rate of Pay $17 $10 $10 $7 $19 $12 $20 $15
1. Draw a scatter plot to show how years of experience are Technician Salaries
related to hourly rate of pay. Draw a line of fit. See graph. 24
20
Hourly Pay ($)
2. Write a prediction equation to show how years of experience 16

(x) are related to hourly rate of pay (y). Sample answer 12
using (1, 7) and (9, 17): y 1.25x 5.75 8
4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Experience (years)

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-5 Skills Practice

For Exercises 1–3, complete parts a–c for each set of data.
a. Draw a scatter plot.
b. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation.
c. Use your prediction equation to predict the missing value.
1. x y
1a. y
15
1 1 12
3 5 9
4 7 6
3
6 11
0
7 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
8 15
1b. Sample answer using (1, 1) and (8, 15): y 2x 1
10 ?
1c. Sample answer: 19
2. x y
2a. y
40
5 9 32
10 17 24
20 22 16
8
25 30
0
35 38 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 x
40 44
2b. Sample answer using (5, 9) and (40, 44): y x 4
50 ?
3. x y
3a. y
36
1 16 30
2 16 24
3 ? 18
12
4 22
6
5 30
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
7 34
Lesson 2-5
8 36 3b. Sample answer using (2, 16) and (7, 34): y 3.6x 8.8
3c. Sample answer: 19.6

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

For Exercises 1–3, complete parts a–c for each set of data.
a. Draw a scatter plot.
b. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation.
1. FUEL ECONOMY The table gives the Weight (tons) 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8 2 2.1 2.4
approximate weights in tons and estimates
for overall fuel economy in miles per gallon Miles per Gallon 29 24 23 21 ? 17 15
for several cars.
Fuel Economy Versus Weight
1b. Sample answer using (1.4, 24) and 30
Fuel Economy (mi/gal)

(2.4, 15): y 9x 36.6 25
20
1c. Sample answer: 18.6 mi/gal
15
10
5
0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Weight (tons)
2. ALTITUDE In most cases, temperature decreases with increasing altitude. As Anchara

drives into the mountains, her car thermometer registers the temperatures (°F) shown
in the table at the given altitudes (feet).
Altitude (ft) 7500 8200 8600 9200 9700 10,400 12,000 Temperature
Versus Altitude
Temperature (F) 61 58 56 53 50 46 ? 65
Temperature ( F)
60
2b. Sample answer using (7500, 61) and 55
(9700, 50): y 0.005x 98.5 50
2c. Sample answer: 38.5°F 45
0 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000

Altitude (ft)
3. HEALTH Alton has a treadmill that uses the time on the treadmill and the speed of
walking or running to estimate the number of Calories he burns during a workout. The
table gives workout times and Calories burned for several workouts.
Time (min) 18 24 30 40 42 48 52 60
Calories Burned 260 280 320 380 400 440 475 ?
3b. Sample answer using (24, 280) and

(48, 440): y 6.67x 119.92
3c. Sample answer: about 520 calories

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Pre-Activity How can a linear equation model the number of Calories you burn
exercising?
• If a woman runs 5.5 miles per hour, about how many Calories will she
burn in an hour? Sample answer: 572 Calories
• If a man runs 7.5 miles per hour, about how many Calories will he burn
in half an hour? Sample answer: 397 Calories
Reading the Lesson

1. Suppose that a set of data can be modeled by a linear equation. Explain the difference
between a scatter plot of the data and a graph of the linear equation that models that
data.
Sample answer: The scatter plot is a discrete graph. It is made up just of
the individual points that represent the data points. The linear equation
has a continuous graph that is the line that best fits the data points.
2. Suppose that tuition at a state college was $3500 per year in 1995 and has been
increasing at a rate of $225 per year.
a. Write a prediction equation that expresses this information.

y 3500 225x
b. Explain the meaning of each variable in your prediction equation.

x represents the number of year since 1995 and y represents the
tuition in that year.
3. Use this model to predict the tuition at this college in 2007. $6200

4. Look up the word scatter in a dictionary. How can its definition help you to remember
the meaning of the difference between a scatter plot and the graph of a linear equation?
Sample answer: To scatter means to break up and go in many directions.
Lesson 2-5
The points on a scatter plot are broken up. In a scatter plot, the points
are scattered or broken up. In the graph of a linear equation, the points
are connected to form a continuous line.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-5 Enrichment
Median-Fit Lines
A median-fit line is a particular type of line of fit. Follow the steps below to
find the equation of the median-fit line for the data.
Approximate Percentage of Violent Crimes Committed by

Juveniles That Victims Reported to Law Enforcement
Year 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
Offenders 36 35 33 32 31 30 29 29 30
Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics
1. Divide the data into three approximately equal groups. There should always
be the same number of points in the first and third groups. In this case, there
will be three data points in each group.
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3

enders
2. Find x1, x2, and x3, the medians of the x values in groups 1, 2, and 3,
respectively. Find y1, y2, and y3, the medians of the y values in groups
1, 2, and 3, respectively. 1982, 1988, 1994; 35, 31, 29
3. Find an equation of the line through (x1, y1) and (x3, y3). y 0.5x 1026
4. Find Y, the y-coordinate of the point on the line in Exercise 2 with an

x-coordinate of x2. 32
5. The median-fit line is parallel to the line in Exercise 2, but is one-third

closer to (x2, y2). This means it passes through x2, Y y2 . Find this
3 3 2 1

ordered pair. about (1988, 31.67)
6. Write an equation of the median-fit line. y 0.5x 1025.67
7. Use the median-fit line to predict the percentage of juvenile violent crime
offenders in 2010 and 2020. 2010: about 21%; 2020: about16%

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Special Functions
Step Functions, Constant Functions, and the Identity Function The chart
Lesson 2-6
below lists some special functions you should be familiar with.
Function Written as Graph

Constant f(x) c horizontal line
Identity f(x) x line through the origin with slope 1
one-unit horizontal segments, with right endpoints missing, arranged
Greatest Integer Function f(x) x
like steps
The greatest integer function is an example of a step function, a function with a graph that
consists of horizontal segments.
Example
Identify each function as a constant function, the identity function,
or a step function.
a. f(x) b. f(x)
O x O x
a constant function a step function
Exercises
Identify each function as a constant function, the identity function, a greatest
integer function, or a step function.
1. f(x) 2. f(x) 3. f(x)
O x O x O x
a constant function a step function the identity function

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Special Functions
Absolute Value and Piecewise Functions Another special function is the
absolute value function, which is also called a piecewise function.
Absolute Value Function f(x) x two rays that are mirror images of each other and meet at a point, the vertex
To graph a special function, use its definition and your knowledge of the parent graph. Find
several ordered pairs, if necessary.
Example 1 Graph f(x) 3x 4. f(x)

x 3x 4
Find several ordered pairs. Graph the points and 0 4
connect them. You would expect the graph to look
1
similar to its parent function, f(x) x. 1
O x
2 2
1 1
2 2
Example 2 Graph f(x) x2xif1xifx2 2. f(x)
First, graph the linear function f(x) 2x for x 2. Since 2 does not
satisfy this inequality, stop with a circle at (2, 4). Next, graph the
linear function f(x) x 1 for x 2. Since 2 does satisfy this O x
inequality, begin with a dot at (2, 1).
Exercises
Graph each function. Identify the domain and range.
x
 3 if x 0

x
1. g(x)
3
2. h(x) 2x 1 3. h(x ) 
 2x 6 if 0 x 2
 1 if x 2
y y y
O x
O x
O x
domain: all real domain: all real domain: all real

numbers; range: numbers; range: numbers; range:
all integers {yy 0} {yy 1}

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-6 Skills Practice

Special Functions
Identify each function as S for step, C for constant, A for absolute value, or P for
Lesson 2-6
piecewise.
1. y 2. y 3. y
O x O x
O x
S C A
4. f(x) x 1 5. f(x) x 3
f(x) f(x)
O x
O x
D all reals, R all integers D all reals, R all integers

6. g(x) 2x 7. f(x) x 1
g(x) f(x)
O x O x
D all reals, D all reals, R {yy 1}

R nonnegative reals
8. f(x) x2 ifif xx 00 9. h(x) 3x if x1 if x1> 1

f(x) h(x)
O x
O x
D all reals, D {xx 1 or x

1},
R {yy 0 or y 2} R {yy
2}

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Special Functions
1. f(x) 0.5x 2. f(x) x 2

f(x) f(x)
O x
O x
D all reals, R all integers D all reals, R all integers

3. g(x) 2x 4. f(x) x 1
g(x) f(x)
O x
O x
D all reals, D all reals,

R nonpositive reals R nonnegative reals
x3xif2xif
x2
2 x if x
0
5. f(x) 6. h(x) 42x 2 if x 0
D all reals, R all reals D all nonzero reals, R all reals

7. BUSINESS A Stitch in Time charges 8. BUSINESS A wholesaler charges a store $3.00
$40 per hour or any fraction thereof per pound for less than 20 pounds of candy and
for labor. Draw a graph of the step $2.50 per pound for 20 or more pounds. Draw a
function that represents this situation. graph of the function that represents this
Labor Costs situation.
280
240
Total Cost ($)
200
160
120
80
40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Hours

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Special Functions
Pre-Activity How do step functions apply to postage rates?
Lesson 2-6
• What is the cost of mailing a letter that weighs 0.5 ounce?
$0.34 or 34 cents
• Give three different weights of letters that would each cost 55 cents to
mail. Answers will vary. Sample answer: 1.1 ounces,
1.9 ounces, 2.0 ounces
Reading the Lesson

1. Find the value of each expression.
a. 3 3 3 3
b. 6.2 6.2 6.2 6
c. 4.01 4.01 4.01 5
2. Tell how the name of each kind of function can help you remember what the graph
looks like.
a. constant function Sample answer: Something is constant if it does not

change. The y-values of a constant function do not change, so the
graph is a horizontal line.
b. absolute value function Sample answer: The absolute value of a number
tells you how far it is from 0 on the number line. It makes no difference
whether you go to the left or right so long as you go the same
distance each time.
c. step function Sample answer: A step function’s graph looks like steps
that go up or down.
d. identity function Sample answer: The x- and y-values are always

identically the same for any point on the graph. So the graph is a line
through the origin that has slope 1.

3. Many students find the greatest integer function confusing. Explain how you can use a
number line to find the value of this function for any real number. Answers will vary.
Sample answer: Draw a number line that shows the integers. To find the
value of the greatest integer function for any real number, place that
number on the number line. If it is an integer, the value of the function is
the number itself. If not, move to the integer directly to the left of the
number you chose. This integer will give the value you need.

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-6 Enrichment
Greatest Integer Functions

Use the greatest integer function x to explore some unusual graphs. It will
be helpful to make a chart of values for each functions and to use a colored
pen or pencil.
Graph each function.

x
1. y 2x x 2. y
x
y y
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x
–1 –1
–2 –2
–3 –3
–4 –4
0.5x 1 x
3. y 4. y
0.5x 1 x
y y
4 4
3 3
2 2
1 1
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x
–1 –1
–2 –2
–3 –3
–4 –4

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Graphing Inequalities
Graph Linear Inequalities. A linear inequality, like y 2x 1, resembles a linear
equation, but with an inequality sign instead of an equals sign. The graph of the related
linear equation separates the coordinate plane into two half-planes. The line is the
boundary of each half-plane.
To graph a linear inequality, follow these steps.
1. Graph the boundary, that is, the related linear equation. If the inequality symbol is
or , the boundary is solid. If the inequality symbol is or
, the boundary is dashed.
2. Choose a point not on the boundary and test it in the inequality. (0, 0) is a good point to
Lesson 2-7
choose if the boundary does not pass through the origin.
3. If a true inequality results, shade the half-plane containing your test point. If a false
inequality results, shade the other half-plane.
Example Graph x 2y 4. y
The boundary is the graph of x 2y 4.

1
Use the slope-intercept form, y x 2, to graph the boundary line. x
2 O
The boundary line should be solid.
Now test the point (0, 0).
?
0 2(0) 4 (x, y) (0, 0)
04 false
Shade the region that does not contain (0, 0).
Exercises
Graph each inequality.
1. y 3x 1 2. y x 5 3. 4x y 1
y y y
O x
O x O x
x
4. y 4 5. x y
6 6. 0.5x 0.25y 1.5
2
y y y
O x O x
O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
Graph Absolute Value Inequalities Graphing absolute value inequalities is similar
to graphing linear inequalities. The graph of the related absolute value equation is the
boundary. This boundary is graphed as a solid line if the inequality is or , and dashed if
the inequality is or
. Choose a test point not on the boundary to determine which region
to shade.
Example Graph y 3x 1. y
First graph the equation y 3x 1.

Since the inequality is , the graph of the boundary is solid.
Test (0, 0).
?
0 30 1 (x, y) (0, 0) O x
?
0 31 1 1
0 3 true
Shade the region that contains (0, 0).
Exercises
1. y x 1 2. y 2x 1 3. y 2x

3
y y y
O x O x O x
4. y x 3 5. x y 4 6. x 1 2y 0
y y y
O x
O x
O x
7. 2 x y
1 8. y 3x 3 9. y 1 x 4
y y y
O x
O x
O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-7 Skills Practice

1. y
1 2. y x 2 3. x y 4
y y y
O x O x
O x
Lesson 2-7
4. x 3 y 5. 2 y x 6. y x
y y y
O x O x
O x
7. x y
2 8. 9x 3y 6 0 9. y 1 2x
y y y
O x O x O x
10. y 7 9 11. x
5 12. y
x
y y y
O x O x O x

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
1. y 3 2. x
2 3. x y 4
y y y
O x O x
O x
1
4. y 3x 5 5. y x 3 6. y 1 x
2
y y y
O x O x
O x
7. x 3y 6 8. y
x 1 9. y
3x 1 2
COMPUTERS For Exercises 10–12, use the following information.

A school system is buying new computers. They will Computers Purchased
buy desktop computers costing $1000 per unit, and 80
notebook computers costing $1200 per unit. The total 70
cost of the computers cannot exceed $80,000. 60
Notebooks
50
10. Write an inequality that describes this situation.
1000d 1200n 80,000 40
30
20
11. Graph the inequality.
10
12. If the school wants to buy 50 of the desktop 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

computers and 25 of the notebook computers, Desktops
will they have enough money? yes

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____

Pre-Activity How do inequalities apply to fantasy football?
• Which of the combinations of yards and touchdowns listed would Dana
consider a good game? The first one: 168 yards and
3 touchdowns
• Suppose that in one of the games Dana plays, Moss gets 157 receiving
yards. What is the smallest number of touchdowns he must get in order
for Dana to consider this a good game? 3
Lesson 2-7
Reading the Lesson
1. When graphing a linear inequality in two variables, how do you know whether to make
the boundary a solid line or a dashed line? If the symbol is or , the line is
solid. If the symbol is
or , the line is dashed.
2. How do you know which side of the boundary to shade? Sample answer: If the test
point gives a true inequality, shade the region containing the test point. If
the test point gives a false inequality, shade the region not containing
the test point.
3. Match each inequality with its graph.
a. y
2x 3 iii b. y 2x 3 iv c. y 2x 3 ii d. y 2x 3 i
i. y ii. y iii. y iv. y
O x O x
O x O x
4. Describe some ways in which graphing an inequality in one variable on a number line is
similar to graphing an inequality in two variables in a coordinate plane. How can what
you know about graphing inequalities on a number line help you to graph inequalities in
a coordinate plane? Sample answer: A boundary on a coordinate graph is
similar to an endpoint on a number line graph. A dashed line is similar to
a circle on a number line: both are open and mean not included; they
represent the symbols
and . A solid line is similar to a dot on a
number line: both are closed and mean included; they represent the
symbols and .

NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-7 Enrichment
Algebraic Proof
The following paragraph states a result you might be asked to prove in a
mathematics course. Parts of the paragraph are numbered.
01 Let n be a positive integer.
02 Also, let n1 s(n1) be the sum of the squares of the digits in n.
03 Then n2 s(n1) is the sum of the squares of the digits of n1, and n3 s(n2)
is the sum of the squares of the digits of n2.
04 In general, nk s(nk 1) is the sum of the squares of the digits of nk 1.
05 Consider the sequence: n, n1, n2, n3, …, nk, ….
06 In this sequence either all the terms from some k on have the value 1,
07 or some term, say nj, has the value 4, so that the eight terms
4, 16, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, and 20 keep repeating from that point on.
Use the paragraph to answer these questions.
1. Use the sentence in line 01. List the first five values of n.
2. Use 9246 for n and give an example to show the meaning of line 02.
3. In line 02, which symbol shows a function? Explain the function in a sentence.
4. For n 9246, find n2 and n3 as described in sentence 03.
5. How do the first four sentences relate to sentence 05?
6. Use n 31 and find the first four terms of the sequence.
7. Which sentence of the paragraph is illustrated by n 31?
8. Use n 61 and find the first ten terms.
9. Which sentence is illustrated by n 61?

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 1 SCORE
Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
1. Find the domain of the relation {(0, 0), (1, 1), (2, 0)}. Then determine
whether the relation is a function.
A. {0, 1, 0}; function B. {0, 1, 0}; not a function
C. {0, 1, 2}; function D. {0, 1, 2}; not a function 1.
2. The table shows the annualized percent return of a mutual fund for
several years. Find the range of the relation. Then determine whether
the relation is a function.
Year 1 3 5 10
Percent Return 20.9 22.8 20.0 20.5
A. {20.9, 22.8, 20.0, 20.5}; not a function B. {1, 3, 5, 10}; not a function
C. {20.9, 22.8, 20.0, 20.5}; function D. {1, 3, 5, 10}; function 2.
3. Find f(1) if f(x) 3x 5.
A. 9 B. 8 C. 2 D. 2 3.
Assessment
4. Find f(0) if f(t) t2 2t 2.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 0 D. 2 4.
5. Which equation is linear?
A. xy 60 B. 3x 2y 5
C. y x2 3x 1 D. y2 1 x 5.
6. Which function is a linear function?
A. f(x) x3 x B. g(s) 1 4s
C. h(t) 2t 1 D. f(r) r 6.
t
7. Write y 4x 7 in standard form.

A. 4x y 7 B. 4x y 7 C. y 4x 7 D. 4x y 7 7.
8. Find the x-intercept of the graph of 5x 10y 20.
A. 2 B. 2 C. 4 D. 4 8.
9. Find the slope of the line that passes through (0, 2) and (8, 8).
A. 8 B. 4 C. 3 D. 5 9.
3 4 4
10. If a line rises to the right, its slope is ___?
____.
A. zero B. positive C. negative D. undefined 10.
11. What is the slope of a line that is perpendicular to the graph of y 2x 5?
A. 1 B. 1 C. 2 D. 2 11.
2 2
12. Graph the line through (2, 3) that is parallel to the line with equation
y 1. Which point below also lies on that line?
A. (2, 9) B. (5, 3) C. (0, 1) D. (1, 4) 12.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 1 (continued)
13. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that has a slope of
4 and passes through (0, 7).
5
A. y 7x B. y 7x 4 C. y 4 x 7 D. y 4 x 7 13.
5 5 5
14. Write an equation for the line that passes through (0, 1) and is
perpendicular to the line whose equation is y 2x.
A. y 2x 1 B. y 2x 1 C. y 1x 1 D. y 1x 1 14.
2 2
15. Use a scatter plot to x 0 1 2 5 8

determine which data y 2 3 10 12 18
point is an outlier.
A. (0, 2) B. (1, 3) C. (2, 10) D. (8, 18) 15.
16. The scatter plot shows the area of the 500 y

floor and the price for certain tents. 450
Which equation could be a prediction 400
350
equation for this set of data?
Price ($)
300
A. y x 50 B. y 10x 25 250
200
C. y 5x 50 D. y 5x 22 150 16.
100
17. A banquet hall has tables that can seat 50 x
8 people. The number of tables needed O 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
depends on the number of guests. Floor Area (ft2)
What type of special function models
this situation?
A. linear function B. step function
C. absolute value function D. constant function 17.
18. Identify the range of y x .

A. all real numbers B. {x x 0}
C. {y y 0} D. {y y 0} 18.
19. The graph of the linear inequality y 2x 1 is the region __?___ the
graph of the line y 2x 1.
A. on or above B. on or below C. above D. below 19.
y
20. Which inequality is graphed at the right?
A. y x 3 B. y x 3
C. y x 3 D. y x 3 20.
O x
Bonus Find the value of k so that the slope

of the line through (4, 2)
and (k, 3) is 1. B:
6

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2A SCORE
1. Find the range of the relation {(2, 3), (1, 3), (1, 5)}. Then determine
A. {2, 1}; function B. {2, 1}; not a function
C. {3, 5}; function D. {3, 5}; not a function 1.
x 4 2
2. Find f(1) if f(x) .
x2
A. 5 B. 3 C. 1 D. 3 2.
3. Find f(a) if f(t) t2 2t 2.

A. (t a)2 2t a 2 B. (t a)2 2(t a) 2
C. a2 2t 2 D. a2 2a 2 3.

A. y x 2 B. y x2 C. y 3 D. y2 1x 1 4.
2
Assessment
5. Write 3y 1 5x in standard form.
A. 5x 3y 1 B. 5x 3y 1
C. y 5x 1 D. 3x 5y 1 0 5.
3
6. Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of 3x 2y 12.
A. (4, 6) B. 4; 6 C. (2, 3) D. 6; 4 6.
7. Find the slope of the line that passes through (2, 6) and (7, 8).
A. 5 B. 2 C. 2 D. 9 7.
2 5 9 2
8. What is the slope of the line y 2?

A. 2 B. 0 C. 1 D. undefined 8.
2
9. What is the slope of a line that is parallel to the graph of 2x 3y 5?

A. 3 B. 2 C. 2 D. 3 9.
2 3 3 2
10. The graph of the line through (2, 3) that is perpendicular to the line with
equation y 1 also goes through which point?
A. (0, 1) B. (1, 4) C. (2, 4) D. (2, 3) 10.
A. y 2x 4 B. y 4x 6 C. y 4x 2 D. y 4x 9 11.
12. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(1, 2) and (3, 7).
A. y 9x
13
B. y 9x
57
C. y 2x
13
D. y 2x
19
12.
2 2 2 2 9 9 9 3

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2A (continued)
13. Write an equation for the line that passes through (0, 5) and is parallel to
the line whose equation is 4x y 3.
A. y 1x 5 B. y 4x 3 C. y 1x 5 D. y 4x 5 13.
4 4
14. The table shows the relationship between height and growing times for
8 plants of the same species. Use a scatter plot to determine which data
point is an outlier.
Height (inches) 15 17 18 19 20 22 23 25
Growing Time (weeks) 6 14 16 17 18 21 23 24
A. (15, 6) B. (17, 14) C. (20, 18) D. (25, 24) 14.

2000 y
15. Which equation could be a prediction 1800
equation for the data points shown in 1600
1400
the scatter plot at the right?
Price ($)
1200
A. y 7 x 400 B. y 1

1 1000
x 650 800
4 5
600
C. y 5x 600 D. y 3 x 800 400 15.
2 200 x
O 150 300 450 600 750
4
16. Evaluate f 3 if f(x) 1 2x. Hard Drive Size (MB)
A. 0 B. 2 C. 1 D. 1 16.
17. Identify the range of y x 4.

A. {x x 4} B. {y y 4}
C. {y y 0} D. all real numbers 17.
18. Which is not part of the definition of y

the piecewise function shown?
A. 3 if x 2
B. x 2 if 2 x 1 O x
C. x 3 if x 2
D. x 1 if x 1 18.
19. The graph of the linear inequality y 2 x 2 is the region ___?___ the
3
graph of y 2x 2.
3
A. above B. below C. on or above D. on or below 19.
20. Which point satisfies the inequality y x 3 ?

A. (3, 6) B. (2, 4) C. (5, 7) D. (1, 4) 20.
Bonus Find the value of k so that the slope of the line through B:
(2, k) and (1, 4) is 3.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2B SCORE
1. Find the range of the relation {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 5)}. Then determine
A. {1, 2, 3}; function B. {1, 2, 3}; not a function
C. {4, 5}; function D. {4, 5}; not a function 1.
x 6x
2
2. Find f(1) if f(x) .
x 2
A. 5 B. 5 C. 7 D. 7 2.
3 3
3. Find f(a) if f(t) 2t2 t 2.

A. 2(t a)2 2t a 2 B. 2(t a)2 2(t a) 2
C. 2a2 a 2 D. 4a2 2a 2 3.

A. x 2 B. y 3x2 1 C. y 5x 2 D. y2 1 x 3
Assessment
4.
2
5. Write 3y 1 5x in standard form.

A. 5x 3y 1 B. 5x 3y 1 C. y 5x 1 D. 3x 5y 1 0 5.
3
6. Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of 4x 2y 8.

A. (2, 4) B. 4; 2 C. (4, 2) D. 2; 4 6.
7. Find the slope of a line that passes through (2, 4) and (7, 8).
A. 4 B. 4 C. 5 D. 9 7.
9 5 4 4
8. What is the slope of the line x 2?

A. 2 B. 0 C. 1 D. undefined 8.
2
9. What is the slope of a line that is parallel to the graph of 2x 3y 6?

A. 3 B. 2 C. 2 D. 3 9.
2 3 3 2
10. The graph of the line through (2, 3) that is perpendicular to the line with
equation x 1 also goes through which point?
A. (0, 1) B. (2, 3) C. (2, 4) D. (1, 4) 10.
A. y 3x 1 B. y 3x 5 C. y 5x 3 D. y 3x 5 11.
12. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(1, 2) and (3, 7).
A. y 5x 3 B. y 4x 6 C. y 4x 6 D. y 5x
13
12.
4 4 5 5 5 5 4 4

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2B (continued)
13. Write an equation for the line that passes through (0, 2) and is parallel
to the line whose equation is 3x 5y 3.
A. y 3x 2 B. y 3x 2 C. y 3x 2 D. y 3x 2 13.
5 5
14. The table shows the relationship between the number of hours practiced
and the number of free throws made by 6 players. Use a scatter plot to
determine which data point is an outlier.
Hours Practiced 1 3 4 6 7 12
Free Throws Made 0 4 6 9 16 18
A. (1, 0) B. (3, 4) C. (7, 16) D. (12, 18) 14.
15. Which equation could be a prediction 120 y

108
equation for the data points shown in Men's World Record96
the scatter plot at the right? (seconds) 84
A. y 10x 6 72
60
B. y 1x 6 48
10 36
24
C. y x 6 12 x
D. y 1x 6 O 200 400 600 800 1000 15.
10 Distance Run (meters)
Source: The World Almanac

16. Evaluate f 3 if f(x) 2x 1.
4
A. 1 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2 16.
17. Identify the domain of y 3 x 2 .

A. all real numbers B. {x x 2}
C. {y y 0} D. {y y 2} 17.
y
18. Which is not part of the definition of the piecewise
function shown?
A. 2 if x 1
B. x 1 if 1 x 1 O x
C. x 1 if 1 x 1
D. 2x if x 1 18.
19. The graph of the linear inequality y 3x 1 is the region ___?___ the graph
of y 3x 1.
A. above B. below C. on or above D. on or below 19.
20. Which point satisfies the inequality y x 2 ?

A. (1, 1) B. (1, 0) C. (4, 3) D. (3, 2) 20.
(2, k) and (1, 4) is 4.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2C SCORE
1. y
1. Graph the relation {(3, 3), (3, 2), (3, 1), (3, 0)} and 1.
find the domain and range. Then determine whether the
relation is a function.
O x
Determine whether each relation is a function.

2. y 3. y 2.
3.
O x O x
4.
Find each value if f(x) 10x 3x2 and g(x) 5x2 8x.
4. f(3) 5. g(a) 5.
Assessment
For Questions 6 and 7, state whether each equation or
function is linear. If no, explain your reasoning. 6.
6. f(x) 1 7. y 3x 10 7.
x3
8. Write the equation 5 x 9 8y in standard form. Identify 8.

2
A, B, and C.
9. Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of 9.

3y 2x 6.
10. y
For Questions 10–13, graph each equation or inequality.
10. y 3x 2
O x
11. f(x) 1 x if x 2
11. f(x)
3 if x 2
O x
12. x 2 1 y
2
12. y
O x

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2C (continued)
13. y 2x 2 13. y
O x
14. Find the slope of the line that passes through (7, 9) and 14.
(6, 5). y
15. Graph the line passing through (2, 4) that is perpendicular 15.
to the graph of y 3.
O x
16. Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that 16.
has a slope of 2 and passes through (1, 5).
17. Write an equation for the line that passes through (2, 3) 17.
and is parallel to the line whose equation is 3x 2y 6.
18.
For Questions 18 and 19, use the set of data in the table. 17 p
16
The table below shows the relationship between the number of 15
Points Scored
field goals attempted and the number of points scored by one 14

basketball player over a 6-game period. 13
12
Field Goals Attempted (a) 8 6 10 9 7 10 11
10
Points Scored (p) 12 9 14 14 11 15
9
8 a
18. Draw a scatter plot for the data. 0
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Field Goals Attempted
19. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation. Then 19.
use your prediction equation to predict the number of
points scored when 20 field goals are attempted.
y
20. Determine whether the graph 20.
represents a step function,
a constant function, the identity
function, an absolute value
O x
function, or a piecewise function.
Then identify the domain and range.
(2, k) and (1, 4) is 1.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2D SCORE
1. Graph the relation {(0, 0), (2, 4), (4, 0), (4, 0)} and find the 1. y
domain and range. Then determine whether the relation is
a function.
O x
Determine whether each relation is a function.

2. y 3. y 2.
3.
O x O x
4.
Find each value if f(x) 3x 2x 2 and g(x) 4x 2 2x 3.
Assessment
4. f(2) 5. g(a) 5.
For Questions 6 and 7, state whether each equation or

6.
function is linear. If no, explain your reasoning.
6. f(x) 100x 37 7. xy 60 0 7.
2x 1
8. Write 8y in standard form. Identify A, B, and C. 8.
7

4y 12 3x.
10. y
For Questions 10–13, graph each equation or inequality.
10. 3y 2x 9 O x
11. f(x) 2 if x 2
11. f(x)
x 3 if x 2
O x
12. x 2y 4
12. y
O x

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 2D (continued)
13. y x 1 13. y
O x
14. Find the slope of the line that passes through (2, 18) and 14.
(4, 2).
15. Graph the line passing through (3, 2) that is 15. y
perpendicular to the graph of x 3.
O x
has a slope of 1 that passes through (4, 3).
and is parallel to the line whose equation is 5x 2y 6.
For Questions 18 and 19, use the set of data in the table.
The table below shows the relationship between the number of 18.
30 t
phone calls made and the number of tickets sold during a 28
fundraising campaign by 6 callers. 26
24
Tickets Sold
Calls Made (n) 8 9 7 8 6 12 22

Tickets Sold (t) 16 17 15 15 12 25 20
18
16
18. Draw a scatter plot for the data. 14
12 n
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Calls Made
19. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation. 19.

Then use your prediction equation to predict the number
of tickets sold when 16 calls are made.
20. Determine whether the graph f(x) 20.

represents a step function,
a constant function, the identity
function, an absolute value
function, or a piecewise function. O x
Then identify the domain and range.
(2, k) and (4, 1) is 2.
NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 3 SCORE
1. Graph the relation x 1 y2 and find the domain and 1. y

range. Then determine whether the relation is a function.
O x
2. Determine whether the 2.

relation shown at the right
O x
is a function.
2x 4x
3
3. Find f(2) if f(x) . 3.
1x
2
4. If f(2b 1) 6b 2, find f(x). 4.
Assessment
5. State whether each equation or function is linear. 5.
3x 14
A. f(x) B. 3x xy y
5
2.5x 0.3 1
6. Write y in standard form. Identify A, B, and C. 6.
3 6

2( y 0.5) 3.5x 2y.
8. Determine whether the graph at the f(x) 8.

right represents a step function, a
constant function, an absolute value O x
function, or a piecewise function.
9. y
For Questions 9 and 10, graph each equation.
9. 2y 1 0.8x O x
2
10. y 1x 1 10. y
11. Determine the value of t so that the line through (1.6, t)

x
and (2, 5) has slope 3.
O
2
12. The median weekly earnings for American workers in 1990

was $412 and in 1999 it was $549. Calculate the average
rate of change between 1990 and 1999. 11.
12.
NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Test, Form 3 (continued)
and is perpendicular to the graph of 5x 2y 6.
14. Write an equation in slope-intercept form of the line 14.
2
through 1, 5 and 1, 4 .
4 3 3 15.
c
15. Sweets Bakery charges $12 for each pie and $15 for each
cake. Yesterday, the bakery took in no more than $360 for
sales of pies and cakes. Write an inequality to represent
the situation, where p is the number of pies sold and c is p
the number of cakes sold. Then graph the inequality.
16. Write an equation in standard form for the line that is 16.
perpendicular to the graph of 1x 2y 0.05 and has the
5 5
same y-intercept as the graph of 0.8x 1.2y 0.6.
For Questions 17 and 18, use the set of data in the table. 17. 160 t
140
Time (min)
The table below shows the relationship between distance 120
100
traveled and elapsed time. 80
Distance d (km) 40 75 110 150 160 200 60
40
Time t (min) 30 60 80 110 150 150 20 d
0 60 100 140 180 220
Distance (km)
17. Draw a scatter plot for the data. Then identify any outliers.
18. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation. 18.

Then use your prediction equation to predict the time for a
distance of 160 kilometers. Compare your prediction to the
one given in the table.
19. Write an absolute value y 19.

inequality for the graph
O x
at the right.
20. Write the function shown f(x) 20.

in the graph at the right.
O x
Bonus Find the value of k so that the graph of kx 3y 4 is B:

parallel to the line through (2, k) and (4, 1).

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Open-Ended Assessment SCORE
Demonstrate your knowledge by giving a clear, concise solution

to each problem. Be sure to include all relevant drawings and
justify your answers. You may show your solutions in more than
one way or investigate beyond the requirements of the problem.
1. Explain two ways to determine whether a relation is a function.
Use specific examples. Then write a relation that is not a
function.
2. Give an example of a real-world situation for which there would

be a negative rate of change.
3. The point-slope form of the equation of a line is y 2 1(x 6).

2
Write the equation in slope-intercept form, then write the
equation in standard form. Which of the three forms of the
equation is most useful? Explain your choice.
Assessment
4. Suppose you are looking at a scatter plot and the graph of a line
of fit for the data points. The horizontal axis is labeled 1990,
1991, …, 2000. The vertical axis is labeled 0, 10, …, 100. You use
a prediction equation to predict values for the years 1994 and
2005. Which prediction do you think would be more accurate?
Why ?
5. Compare the graph of the parent function f(x) x with the

graphs of the functions g(x) x 2 and h(x) x 3 . How are
the graphs similar? How are they different? How would the
graph of y x 500 compare with the graph of the parent
function?
6. When graphing the linear inequality y 2 5, Alessia first

graphed the line y 2x 5. She then selected the test point
(1, 7) in order to complete her graph. Why did Alessia need a
test point? What information did the point (1, 7) give Alessia
about her graph?
7. Is the graph of the relation y x 3 a function? Explain.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Vocabulary Test/Review SCORE
absolute value function linear equation rate of change

boundary linear function relation
Cartesian coordinate plane line of fit scatter plot
constant function mapping slope
dependent variable one-to-one function slope-intercept form
domain ordered pair standard form
family of graphs parent graph step function
function piecewise function vertical line test
functional notation point-slope form x-intercept
greatest integer function prediction equation y-intercept
identity function quadrant
independent variable range
Write the letter of the term that best describes each example.
1. f(x) 6 a. ordered pair
2. 3x 5y 2 b. point-slope form
3. f(x) 4x 3 c. step function
4. y 5x 10 d. range
5. (12, 8) e. constant function
6. f(x) x 1 f. piecewise function
7. y 5 2(x 3) g. slope-intercept form
x2 3x ifif xx 00
h. absolute value function
8. f(x)
i. standard form
85 3
9. j. slope
3 (1) 4
10. {3, 4, 5} for the function

{(0, 4), (2, 5), (3, 3)}
In your own words—

Define each term.
11. vertical line test
12. linear function

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Quiz SCORE
(Lessons 2–1 and 2–2)
1. Find the domain and range of x y 1. Then determine 1.

whether it is a function.
Determine whether the relation shown in the graph is
a function.
x2 9
2. y 3. Find f(4) if f(x) . 2.
x1
3.
O x 4.
5.
4. Write x 2 1y in standard form. Identify A, B, and C. y

5
5. Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of
3x 4y 12. Then graph the equation.
Assessment
x
O
NAME DATE PERIOD
For Questions 1 and 2, find the slope of the line that

passes through each pair of points. 1.
1. (2, 4), (4, 7) 2 2
2. 1, 4 , 1, 5 2.
3. Graph the line passing through (2, 4) that is parallel to the 3. y

graph of x 3y 6.
4. Standardized Test Practice Which is an equation of the

line that has a slope of 2 and passes through (1, 3)? O x
3
A. y 3x 7 B. y 2x 7

2 3 3 3
C. y 2x 1 D. y 2x 11 4.

3 3 3

and is perpendicular to the line whose equation is
y 1(x 2).
2

NAME DATE PERIOD
1. 50 y
For Questions 1 and 2, use the set of data in the table. 1. 45
40
x 2 5 10 15 20 30 35
y 1 25 21 32 41 ? 30
25
20
15
1. Draw a scatter plot for the data. Then state which of the x
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
data points is an outlier.
2. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation.

Then use your prediction equation to predict the missing 2.
value.
3. f(x) x 2 . Identify the domain and range. 3. y
O x
NAME DATE PERIOD
(Lesson 2–7)
1. Write an inequality for the graph shown.

1.
y
(1, 4)
2. y
O x
(0, 1)
O x
3. y
Graph each inequality. O x
2. y 2
3. 6 2y 3x 4. y
4. y 2x
O x

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Mid-Chapter Test SCORE
(Lessons 2–1 through 2–4)
Part I Write the letter for the correct answer in the blank at the right of each question.
1. Which of the following relations is not a function?
A. y B. y C. y D. y 1.
O
x
O x
O x
O x
2. Which equation or function is linear?

2x 1
A. y 3 B. f(x) 2(1 x)2 C. 2y D. 3xy 4 2.
x1 3 4
3. Write an equation in standard form for the line that is parallel to the graph
of 8x 5 4y and has y-intercept 0.5.
A. x 0.5y 0.25 B. 10x 5y 2.5 C. 4x 2y 1 D. 2x y 1 3.
Assessment

4. Find the slope of the line that passes through 4.5, 7 and (3, 3.5).
2
A. 1 B. 6 C. undefined D. 0 4.
6
5. The graphs of which pair of lines are perpendicular?

A. 2x 3y 12, y 2x 5 B. 3x 2y 6, 2x 3y 7
3
C. y 4x 13, y 1x 13 D. x y 1, 2y 2x 2 5.
4
6. y
Part II
Graph each relation and find the domain and range.
Then determine whether the relation is a function.
O x
6. {(2, 4), (4, 2), (1, 3), (0, 3)}
7. y 2x 3
7. y
O x
For Questions 8 and 9, find each value if f(x) 3x3 2x2.
8. f(1) 2
9. f 1 8.

has a slope of 1 and passes through (6, 1).
3
10.

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Chapter 2 Cumulative Review

(Chapters 1 and 2)
7a 2c
1. Evaluate 2 if a 3, b 2, and c 5.
a b
(Lesson 1-1) 1.
2. Name the sets of numbers to which 42.1 belongs. (Lesson 1-2) 2.
3. Solve 37 a 12. Check each solution. (Lesson 1-4) 3.
For Questions 4 and 5, solve each inequality. Graph the

solution set.
4. 2(3x 1) 5x 3 (Lesson 1-5) 4.
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
5. 6 2(y 1) 10 (Lesson 1-6) 5.
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
6. Find the domain and range of the relation. Then determine 6.

{(4, 7), (3, 7), (2, 0), (4, 0)} (Lesson 2-1)
7. Find f(7) if f(x) 2x2 3x. (Lesson 2-1) 7.

3x 4y 8. (Lesson 2-2)
9. Find the slope of the line whose graph is perpendicular to 9.

the graph of 2x 5y 7. (Lesson 2-3)
has a slope of 4 and passes through (3, 5). (Lesson 2-4)
11. The prediction equation y 5.92x 119.21 models the 11.

median selling price, in thousands of dollars, of new homes
in a certain area since 1995. Predict the median selling
price in 2015. (Lesson 2-5)
12. Identify the domain and range of the piecewise function 12.
h(x) x 5 if x 2 . (Lesson 2-6)

4x if x 2
13. Graph y 4x 1. (Lesson 2-7) 13.

5
O x

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Standardized Test Practice

(Chapters 1 and 2)
Part 1: Multiple Choice

Instructions: Fill in the appropriate oval for the best answer.
1. If the perimeter of a rectangle is 96 inches and the length is

4 inches longer than the width, what is the area?
A. 22 in2 B. 26 in2 C. 230 in2 D. 572 in2 1. A B C D
2. For what values of a will 3a 1 be equal to 3a 10?

E. all negative values F. 0
G. all positive values H. no values 2. E F G H
3. In the figure at the right, if RSTV is a square V T

with perimeter 24, what is the area of the
circle with center R?
A. 6 B. 36 R S
C. 12 D. 144 3. A B C D
Assessment
4. In a group of 20 students, 12 belonged to the band,
7 belonged to the choir, and 5 belonged to both the band and
the choir. How many students did not belong to either the
band or the choir?
E. 1 F. 2 G. 6 H. 14 4. E F G H
5. A point on the graph of 2x 2y 12 is __?___.

A. (3, 3) B. (3, 3) C. (3, 3) D. (3, 3) 5. A B C D
6. If x y 6 and 3x 10 2y, what is the value of y?

E. 8 F. 4 G. 4 H. 8 6. E F G H
7. Which is equal to x3 8?
A. (x 2)(x2 4x 4) B. (x 2)(x2 2x 4)
C. (x 2)(x2 4x 4) D. (x 2)(x2 2x 4) 7. A B C D
8. In the sequence 1, 3, 12, 60, 360, ___, ___, ___, the eighth term
is __?___.
E. 2520 F. 2880 G. 20,160 H. 181,440 8. E F G H
9. If mABD 65
, mEBC 70
, and
mABC 115
, find mEBD. E D
A
A. 5° B. 20°
C. 45° D. 50° C 9. A B C D
B
10. 8 less than a is 6 more than c. Thus, c
expressed in terms of a is __?___.
a8
E. F. a 2 G. a 14 H. 2 a 10. E F G H
6

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Standardized Test Practice (continued)
Part 2: Grid In
Instructions: Enter your answer by writing each digit of the answer in a column box
and then shading in the appropriate oval that corresponds to that entry.
11. A shoe salesperson sold 20 pairs of shoes for 11. 12.

$640. A brown pair of shoes sells for $30 and
/ / / /
a black pair for $35. How many brown pairs . . . . . . . .
were sold? 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
12. How many integers between 299 and 501 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
are divisible by 2 or 5? 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
25 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Number of Students
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
20
13. The histogram 13. 14.
15
shows the
10 / / / /
distribution of . . . . . . . .
mid-term exam 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
scores for 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
50 60 70 80 90 100
Ms. Hawkins’ Exam Scores
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
three algebra classes. 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
What percent of her students scored at least 70? 6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
14. If 3x2 81, what is the value of 22x7? 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Part 3: Quantitative Comparison

Instructions: Compare the quantities in columns A and B. Shade in
A if the quantity in column A is greater;
B if the quantity in column B is greater;
C if the quantities are equal; or
D if the relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Column A Column B
15. 3(6)(0) 14 8(4 3) 6 15. A B C D
16. 87y
2y 2 4y 10 16. A B C D
17. 4(c c) (c)(c)(c)(c) 17. A B C D
18. b˚
a˚ c˚
, a b c 4a
c b 18. A B C D

NAME DATE PERIOD
2 Standardized Test Practice

Student Record Sheet (Use with pages 106–107 of the Student Edition.)
Part 1 Multiple Choice

Select the best answer from the choices given and fill in the corresponding oval.
1 A B C D 4 A B C D 7 A B C D
Part 2 Short Response/Grid In

Solve the problem and write your answer in the blank.
For Questions 11–17, also enter your answer by writing each number or symbol in
a box. Then fill in the corresponding oval for that number or symbol.
10 12 14 16
/ / / / / /
. . . . . . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
Answers
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
11 13 15 17
/ / / / / / / /
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
Part 3 Quantitative Comparison

Select the best answer from the choices given and fill in the corresponding oval.
18 A B C D 20 A B C D 22 A B C D
19 A B C D 21 A B C D
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill A1 Glencoe Algebra 2

©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Study Guide and Intervention 2-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)
Relations and Functions Relations and Functions

Graph Relations A relation can be represented as a set of ordered pairs or as an Equations of Functions and Relations Equations that represent functions are
equation; the relation is then the set of all ordered pairs (x, y) that make the equation true. often written in functional notation. For example, y 10 8x can be written as
The domain of a relation is the set of all first coordinates of the ordered pairs, and the f(x) 10 8x. This notation emphasizes the fact that the values of y, the dependent
range is the set of all second coordinates. variable, depend on the values of x, the independent variable.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A function is a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly one To evaluate a function, or find a functional value, means to substitute a given value in the
element of the range. You can tell if a relation is a function by graphing, then using the domain into the equation to find the corresponding element in the range.
vertical line test. If a vertical line intersects the graph at more than one point, the
relation is not a function.
Example Given the function f(x) x2 2x, find each value.
Example Graph the equation y 2x 3 and find the domain and range. Does
the equation represent a function? a. f(3)
Make a table of values to find ordered pairs that y f(x) x2 2x Original function
x y
satisfy the equation. Then graph the ordered pairs. f(3) 32 2(3) Substitute.
1 5
Lesson 2-1
The domain and range are both all real numbers. The 15 Simplify.
graph passes the vertical line test, so it is function. 0 3
O x
1 1 b. f(5a)
2 1 f(x) x2 2x Original function
3 3 f(5a) (5a)2 2(5a) Substitute.
25a2 10a Simplify.
Answers
Exercises
A2
Graph each relation or equation and find the domain and range. Then determine Exercises
Find each value if f(x) 2x 4.
1. {(1, 3), (3, 5), 2. {(3, 4), (1, 0), 3. {(0, 4), (3, 2),
(2, 5), (2, 3)} (2, 2), (3, 2)} (3, 2), (5, 1)} 1. f(12) 20 2. f(6) 8 3. f(2b) 4b 4
y y y
Find each value if g(x) x3 x.

O x
(Lesson 2-1)
4. g(5) 120 5. g(2) 6 6. g(7c) 343c 3 7c

O x
O x
2
Find each value if f(x) 2x and g(x) 0.4x 2 1.2.
x
D {3, 2, 1, 2}, D {1, 2, 3}, D {3, 0, 3, 5}, 1
R {3, 5}; yes R {4, 2, 0, 2}; no R {2, 1, 2, 4}; yes 7. f(0.5) 5 8. f(8) 16 9. g(3) 2.4
4
4. y x2 1 5. y x 4 6. y 3x 2 1 b2
10. g(2.5) 1.3 11. f(4a) 8a 12. g 1.2
y 2a 10
y y
b2
2
O x 13. f 6 14. g(10) 38.8 15. f(200) 400.01
13 3
O x
O x
Let f(x) 2x2 1.
16. Find the values of f(2) and f(5). f (2) 7, f (5) 49

D all reals, D all reals, D all reals,
R {yy 1}; yes R all reals; yes R all reals; yes 17. Compare the values of f(2) f(5) and f(2 5). f (2) f (5) 343, f (2 5) 199
© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 57 Glencoe Algebra 2 © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 58 Glencoe Algebra 2
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
NAME ______________________________________________ DATE ____________ PERIOD _____ NAME ______________________________________________ DATE______________ PERIOD _____
2-1 Skills Practice 2-1 Practice (Average)

Relations and Functions Relations and Functions
Determine whether each relation is a function. Write yes or no. Determine whether each relation is a function. Write yes or no.
1. D R yes 2. D R no 1. no 2. D R yes
D R
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
100 50 1 21 5 105
200 100 3 2
25 10
300 150 5 8 30 15 110
3. x y
yes 4. y no
3. x y
yes 4. y no
1 2
3 0
2 4 x
1 1 O
Lesson 2-1
3 6
O x 0 0
2 2
3 4
5. {(2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 1)} 6. {(2, 6), (6, 2)}
Answers

y y
A3
(2, 4) (2, 6)
5. {(4, 1), (4, 0), (0, 3), (2, 0)} 6. y 2x 1
y y
O x (6, 2) (0, 3)
(2, –1)
O x (4, 0) O x
(2, –3) O (2, 0) x
(–4, –1)
D {2}, R {3, 1, 4}; no D {2, 6}, R {2, 6}; yes
(Lesson 2-1)
7. {(3, 4), (2, 4), (1, 1), (3, 1)} 8. x 2 D {4, 0, 2, 4}, D all reals, R all reals; yes
y y R {1, 0, 3}; yes
(–2, 4)
(–3, 4) 5
Find each value if f(x) and g(x) 2x 3.
O x x2
5
O x 7. f(3) 1 8. f(4) 9. g 2
(–1, –1) (3, –1)
2 12
5
D {3, 2, 1, 3}, D {2}, R all reals; no 10. f(2) undefined 11. g(6) 15 12. f(m 2)
m
R {1, 4}; yes
13. MUSIC The ordered pairs (1, 16), (2, 16), (3, 32), (4, 32), and (5, 48) represent the cost of
buying various numbers of CDs through a music club. Identify the domain and range of
Find each value if f(x) 2x 1 and g(x) 2 x2. the relation. Is the relation a function? D {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, R {16, 32, 48}; yes
9. f(0) 1 10. f(12) 23 11. g(4) 14 14. COMPUTING If a computer can do one calculation in 0.0000000015 second, then the
12. f(2) 5 13. g(1) 1 14. f(d) 2d 1 function T(n) 0.0000000015n gives the time required for the computer to do n
calculations. How long would it take the computer to do 5 billion calculations? 7.5 s
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
2-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics 2-1 Enrichment

Pre-Activity How do relations and functions apply to biology? Mappings
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-1 at the top of page 56 in your textbook. There are three special ways in which one set can be mapped to another. A set
• Refer to the table. What does the ordered pair (8, 20) tell you? For a can be mapped into another set, onto another set, or can have a one-to-one
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
deer, the average longevity is 8 years and the maximum correspondence with another set.
longevity is 20 years.
A mapping from set A to set B where every element of A is mapped to one or more
• Suppose that this table is extended to include more animals. Is it possible Into mapping
elements of set B, but never to an element not in B.
to have an ordered pair for the data in which the first number is larger
A mapping from set A to set B where each element of set B has at least one element of
than the second? Sample answer: No, the maximum longevity Onto mapping
set A mapped to it.
must always be greater than the average longevity.
One-to-one A mapping from set A onto set B where each element of set A is mapped to exactly one
correspondence element of set B and different elements of A are never mapped to the same element of B.
Reading the Lesson
Lesson 2-1
1. a. Explain the difference between a relation and a function. Sample answer: A
relation is any set of ordered pairs. A function is a special kind of State whether each set is mapped into the second set, onto the second
relation in which each element of the domain is paired with exactly set, or has a one-to-one correspondence with the second set.
one element in the range.
1. 2. 3. 4.
b. Explain the difference between domain and range. Sample answer: The domain 2 7 4 0 a 1 10
of a relation is the set of all first coordinates of the ordered pairs. The 4 0 12 –3 g 3 –6
3
range is the set of all second coordinates. –1 2 6 9 k 7 24
Answers
–4 7 l 9 2
A4
2. a. Write the domain and range of the relation shown in the graph.
q –5
y into, onto into, onto into, onto, into, onto
(0, 4)
one-to-one
(–3, 2)
(3, 1)
(–2, 0) O x 5. 6. 7. 8.
(Lesson 2-1)
1 –2 15 1 –2 1 –2
4 9 10 –3 4 9 4 9
(–1, –5) (3, –4) –7 12 2 –7 12 –7 12
0 5 0 5 0 5
D: {3, 2, 1, 0, 3}; R: {5, 4, 0, 1, 2, 4} into into, onto into, onto into, onto,
b. Is this relation a function? Explain. Sample answer: No, it is not a function one-to-one
because one of the elements of the domain, 3, is paired with two
elements of the range.
9. Can a set be mapped onto a set with fewer elements than it has? yes
Helping You Remember 10. Can a set be mapped into a set that has more elements than it has? yes
3. Look up the words dependent and independent in a dictionary. How can the meaning of
these words help you distinguish between independent and dependent variables in a 11. If a mapping from set A into set B is a one-to-one correspondence, what
function? Sample answer: The variable whose values depend on, or are can you conclude about the number of elements in A and B?
determined by, the values of the other variable is the dependent variable. The sets have the same number of elements.
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
Linear Equations Linear Equations

Identify Linear Equations and Functions A linear equation has no operations Standard Form The standard form of a linear equation is Ax By C, where
other than addition, subtraction, and multiplication of a variable by a constant. The A, B, and C are integers whose greatest common factor is 1.
variables may not be multiplied together or appear in a denominator. A linear equation does
not contain variables with exponents other than 1. The graph of a linear equation is a line.
Example
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
A linear function is a function whose ordered pairs satisfy a linear equation. Any linear
function can be written in the form f(x) mx b, where m and b are real numbers. a. y 8x 5 b. 14x 7y 21
If an equation is linear, you need only two points that satisfy the equation in order to graph y 8x 5 Original equation 14x 7y 21 Original equation
the equation. One way is to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept and connect these two 8x y 5 Subtract 8x from each side. 14x 7y 21 Add 7y to each side.
points with a line. 8x y 5 Multiply each side by 1. 2x y 3 Divide each side by 7.
So A 8, B 1, and C 5. So A 2, B 1, and C 3.
Example 1 Is f(x) 0.2 a x Example 3 Find the x-intercept and the

5 Exercises
linear function? Explain. y-intercept of the graph of 4x 5y 20.
Yes; it is a linear function because it can Then graph the equation. Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.
be written in the form The x-intercept is the value of x when y 0. 1. 2x 4y 1 2. 5y 2x 3 3. 3x 5y 2
1
f(x) x 0.2. 4x 5y 20 Original equation
5 2x 4y 1; A 2, 2x 5y 3; A 2, 3x 5y 2; A 3,
4x 5(0) 20 Substitute 0 for y. B 4, C 1 B 5, C 3 B 5, C 2
Example 2 Is 2x xy 3y 0 a x5 Simplify.
3 2
linear function? Explain. So the x-intercept is 5. y
4. 18y 24x 9 5. y x 5 6. 6y 8x 10 0
4 3
Answers
No; it is not a linear function because Similarly, the
Lesson 2-2
O x
8x 6y 3; A 8, 8x 9y 60; A 8, 4x 3y 5; A 4,
the variables x and y are multiplied
A5
y-intercept is 4. B 6, C 3 B 9, C 60 B 3, C 5
together in the middle term.
7. 0.4x 3y 10 8. x 4y 7 9. 2y 3x 6
2x 15y 50; A 2, x 4y 7; A 1, 3x 2y 6; A 3,
Exercises B 15, C 50 B 4, C 7 B 2, C 6
State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain. 2 1
10. x y 2 0 11. 4y 4x 12 0 12. 3x 18
(Lesson 2-2)
5 3
18 x 6x 5y 30; A 6, x y 3; A 1, x 6; A 1,
1. 6y x 7 yes 2. 9x
y
No; the 3. f(x) 2
11
yes
B 5, C 30 B 1, C 3 B 0, C 6
variable y appears
in the denominator. y
13. x 7 14. 3y 9x 18 15. 2x 20 8y
9
the equation. 9x y 63; A 9, 3x y 6; A 3, x 4y 10; A 1,
B 1, C 63 B 1, C 6 B 4, C 10
4. 2x 7y 14 5. 5y x 10 6. 2.5x 5y 7.5 0
y 3
16. 3 2x 17. y 8 18. 0.25y 2x 0.75
x-int: 7; y-int: 2 x-int: 10; y-int: 2 x-int: 3; y-int: 1.5 4 5x2 4
y y y 8x y 12; A 8, 10x 3y 32; A 10, 8x y 3; A 8,
B 1, C 12 B 3, C 32 B 1, C 3
x
O x O x 19. 2y 4 0 20. 1.6x 2.4y 4 21. 0.2x 100 0.4y
O x 6
x 12y 24; A 1, 2x 3y 5; A 2, x 2y 500; A 1,
B 12, C 24 B 3, C 5 B 2, C 500
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Linear Equations Linear Equations

State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain State whether each equation or function is linear. Write yes or no. If no, explain
your reasoning. your reasoning.
2
1. y 3x 2. y 2 5x 1. h(x) 23 yes 2. y x yes
3
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
yes yes 5
3. y No; x is a denominator. 4. 9 5xy 2 No; x and y are multiplied.
x
3. 2x y 10 4. f(x) 4x2
yes No; the exponent of x is not 1. Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.
3 1
5. y 15
x
6. x y 8
3 3
5. y 7x 5 7x y 5; 7, 1, 5 6. y x 5 3x 8y 40; 3, 8, 40
No; x is in a denominator. yes 8
2 3
7. 3y 5 0 3y 5; 0, 3, 5 8. x y 28x 8y 21; 28, 8, 21
7. g(x) 8 8. h(x) x 3 7 4
yes No; x is inside a square root.
the equation.
9. y 2x 4 2, 4 10. 2x 7y 14 7, 2
9. y x x y 0; 1, 1, 0 10. y 5x 1 5x y 1; 5, 1, 1 y y
(0, 4)
Answers
11. 2x 4 7y 2x 7y 4; 2, 7, 4 12. 3x 2y 2 3x 2y 2; 3, 2, 2 (0, 2)
Lesson 2-2
A6
(–2, 0) O (7, 0) x
13. 5y 9 0 5y 9; 0, 5, 9 14. 6y 14 8x 4x 3y 7; 4, 3, 7 O x
Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of each equation. Then graph 11. y 2x 4 2, 4 12. 6x 2y 6 1, 3
the equation. y y
15. y 3x 6 2, 6 16. y 2x 0, 0 (–2, 0) O x (0, 3)

(Lesson 2-2)
y y
(0, –4) (1, 0)

O (2, 0) x O x
(0, 0)
O x
13. MEASURE The equation y 2.54x gives the length in centimeters corresponding to a
(0, –6) length x in inches. What is the length in centimeters of a 1-foot ruler? 30.48 cm
17. x y 5 5, 5 18. 2x 5y 10 5, 2 LONG DISTANCE For Exercises 14 and 15, use the following information.
y y For Meg’s long-distance calling plan, the monthly cost C in dollars is given by the linear
(0, 5) function C(t) 6 0.05t, where t is the number of minutes talked.
(0, 2) 14. What is the total cost of talking 8 hours? of talking 20 hours? $30; $66
O (5, 0) x
O (5, 0) x 15. What is the effective cost per minute (the total cost divided by the number of minutes
talked) of talking 8 hours? of talking 20 hours? $0.0625; $0.055
Glencoe Algebra 2
©

Linear Equations
Pre-Activity How do linear equations relate to time spent studying? Greatest Common Factor
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-2 at the top of page 63 in your textbook. Suppose we are given a linear equation ax by c where a, b, and c are nonzero
1 integers, and we want to know if there exist integers x and y that satisfy the
• If Lolita spends 2 hours studying math, how many hours will she have
2
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
equation. We could try guessing a few times, but this process would be time
1 consuming for an equation such as 588x 432y 72. By using the Euclidean
to study chemistry? 1 hours
2 Algorithm, we can determine not only if such integers x and y exist, but also find
• Suppose that Lolita decides to stay up one hour later so that she now has them. The following example shows how this algorithm works.
5 hours to study and do homework. Write a linear equation that describes
this situation. x y 5
Example Find integers x and y that satisfy 588x 432y 72.
Reading the Lesson Divide the greater of the two coefficients by the lesser to get a quotient and
remainder. Then, repeat the process by dividing the divisor by the remainder
1. Write yes or no to tell whether each linear equation is in standard form. If it is not, until you get a remainder of 0. The process can be written as follows.
explain why it is not.
588 432(1) 156 (1)
a. x 2y 5 No; A is negative. 432 156(2) 120 (2)
156 120(1) 36 (3)
b. 9x 12y 5 yes 120 36(3) 12 (4)
36 12(3)
c. 5x 7y 3 yes
Answers
The last nonzero remainder is the GCF of the two coefficients. If the constant
Lesson 2-2
term 72 is divisible by the GCF, then integers x and y do exist that satisfy the
A7
4 equation. To find x and y, work backward in the following manner.
d. 2x y 1 No; B is not an integer.
7
72 6 12
e. 0x 0y 0 No; A and B are both 0. 6 [120 36(3)] Substitute for 12 using (4)
6(120) 18(36)
f. 2x 4y 8 No; The greatest common factor of 2, 4, and 8 is 2, not 1.
18(156) 24(120)
(Lesson 2-2)

2. How can you use the standard form of a linear equation to tell whether the graph is a 24(432) 66(156)
horizontal line or a vertical line? If A 0, then the graph is a horizontal line. If 24(432) 66[588 432(1)] Substitute for 156 using (1)
B 0, then the graph is a vertical line. 588(66) 432(90)
Thus, x 66 and y 90.

Find integers x and y, if they exist, that satisfy each equation.
3. One way to remember something is to explain it to another person. Suppose that you
are studying this lesson with a friend who thinks that she should let x 0 to find the 1. 27x 65y 3 2. 45x 144y 36
x-intercept and let y 0 to find the y-intercept. How would you explain to her how to x 36 and y 15 x 12 and y 4
remember the correct way to find intercepts of a line? Sample answer: The
x-intercept is the x-coordinate of a point on the x-axis. Every point on 3. 90x 117y 10 4. 123x 36y 15
the x-axis has y-coordinate 0, so let y 0 to find an x-intercept. The no integral solutions exist x 25 and y 85
y-intercept is the y-coordinate of a point on the y-axis. Every point on
the y-axis has x-coordinate 0, so let x 0 to find a y-intercept. 5. 1032x 1001y 1 6. 3125x 3087y 1
x 226 and y 233 x 1381 and y 1398
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Slope Slope
Slope Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
change in y y y In a plane, nonvertical lines with the In a plane, two oblique lines are perpendicular if
2 1
Slope m of a Line For points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), where x1 x2, m same slope are parallel. All vertical and only if the product of their slopes is 1. Any
change in x x2 x1
lines are parallel. vertical line is perpendicular to any horizontal line.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
y y
slope m
Example 1 Determine the slope of Example 2 Graph the line passing slope m
the line that passes through (2, 1) and 4
through (1, 3) with a slope of .
(4, 5). 5 O x O x
Graph the ordered y
y y 1
2
m 1 Slope formula pair (1, 3). Then, slope m
x2 x1 slope m
according to the
5 (1) slope, go up 4 units
(x1, y1) (2, 1), (x2, y2) (4, 5) O x
4 2 and right 5 units.
6 Plot the new point
1 Simplify. (4,1). Connect the Example
6 Are the line passing through (2, 6) and (2, 2) and the line passing
points and draw
The slope of the line is 1. through (3, 0) and (0, 4) parallel, perpendicular, or neither?
the line.
Find the slopes of the two lines.
Exercises 62
The slope of the first line is 1.
2 (2)
Find the slope of the line that passes through each pair of points. 40 4
The slope of the second line is .
03 3
1. (4, 7) and (6, 13) 3 2. (6, 4) and (3, 4) 0 3. (5, 1) and (7, 3) 2
Answers
The slopes are not equal and the product of the slopes is not 1, so the lines are neither
parallel nor perpendicular.
A8
2 1
4. (5, 3) and (4, 3) 5. (5, 10) and (1,2) 2 6. (1, 4) and (13, 2)
3 2
5 2 3 Exercises
7. (7, 2) and (3, 3) 8. (5, 9) and (5, 5) 9. (4, 2) and (4, 8)
4 5 4
Are the lines parallel, perpendicular, or neither?
1 1. the line passing through (4, 3) and (1, 3) and the line passing through (1, 2) and (1, 3)
10. slope 11. slope 2 12. slope 0
3 perpendicular
Lesson 2-3
(Lesson 2-3)
y y y
O x
neither
3. the line passing through (3, 9) and (2, 1) and the graph of y 2x parallel
O x O x
y-intercept 5 parallel
3 1
13. slope 1 14. slope 15. slope
4 5
passes through (4, 6) passes through (3, 0) passes through (0, 0) 5. the line with x-intercept 1 and y-intercept 3 and the line with x-intercept 3 and
y y
y-intercept 1 neither
y
O x 6. the line passing through (2, 3) and (2, 5) and the graph of x 2y 10
O x
perpendicular
7. the line passing through (4, 8) and (6, 4) and the graph of 2x 5y 5 parallel
O x
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
Slope Slope
Find the slope of the line that passes through each pair of points. Find the slope of the line that passes through each pair of points.
2 5 5
1. (1, 5), (1, 3) 4 2. (0, 2), (3, 0) 3. (1, 9), (0, 6) 3 1. (3, 8), (5, 2) 2. (10, 3), (7, 2) 3. (7, 6), (3, 6) 0
3 4 17
5 7
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
3 4. (8, 2), (8, 1) undefined 5. (4, 3), (7, 2) 6. (6, 3), (8, 4)
4. (8, 5), (4, 2) 5. (3, 5), (3, 1) undefined 6. (2, 2), (10, 2) 0 3 2
4
6 3
7. (4, 5), (2, 7) 1 8. (2, 4), (3, 2) 9. (5, 2), (3, 2) 0 7. (0, 3), m 3 8. (2, 1), m
5 4
y y
Graph the line passing through the given point with the given slope. O x
10. (0, 4), m 1 11. (2, 4), m 1 (0, –3) (2, 1)
y y
O x
(0, 4)
O x
4
(2, –4)
9. (0, 2), m 0 10. (2, 3), m
5
O x y y
(0, 2) O x
Answers
12. (3, 5), m 2 13. (2, 1), m 2 O x

(2, –3)
y y
A9
O x O x
(–2, –1) Graph the line that satisfies each set of conditions.
11. passes through (3, 0), perpendicular 12. passes through (3, 1), parallel to a line
(–3, –5) 3 whose slope is 1
to a line whose slope is
Lesson 2-3 2
(Lesson 2-3)
y y
O x
Graph the line that satisfies each set of conditions. (–3, –1)
O (3, 0) x
14. passes through (0, 1), perpendicular to 15. passes through (0, 5), parallel to the
1 graph of y 1
a line whose slope is
3
y y
DEPRECIATION For Exercises 13–15, use the following information.
(0 ,1) O x A machine that originally cost $15,600 has a value of $7500 at the end of 3 years. The same
machine has a value of $2800 at the end of 8 years.
O x
(0 ,–5) 13. Find the average rate of change in value (depreciation) of the machine between its
purchase and the end of 3 years. $2700 per year
14. Find the average rate of change in value of the machine between the end of 3 years and
16. HIKING Naomi left from an elevation of 7400 feet at 7:00 A.M. and hiked to an elevation the end of 8 years. $940 per year
of 9800 feet by 11:00 A.M. What was her rate of change in altitude? 600 ft/h
15. Interpret the sign of your answers. It is negative because the value is decreasing.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©

Slope
Pre-Activity How does slope apply to the steepness of roads? Aerial Surveyors and Area
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-3 at the top of page 68 in your textbook. Many land regions have irregular shapes. Aerial surveyors y
• What is the grade of a road that rises 40 feet over a horizontal distance supply aerial mappers with lists of coordinates and elevations (5, 7)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
of 1000 feet? 4% for the areas that need to be photographed from the air. These
(2, 5)
maps provide information about the horizontal and vertical
• What is the grade of a road that rises 525 meters over a horizontal features of the land.
distance of 10 kilometers? (1 kilometer 1000 meters) 5.25% (6, 3)
(2, 1)
Step 1 List the ordered pairs for the vertices in
counterclockwise order, repeating the first O x
Reading the Lesson
ordered pair at the bottom of the list.
1. Describe each type of slope and include a sketch.
Step 2 Find D, the sum of the downward diagonal products (5, 7)
Type of Slope Description of Graph Sketch
Positive The line rises to the right. y D (5 5) (2 1) (2 3) (6 7) (2, 5)
25 2 6 42 or 75
O x
(2, 1)
Step 3 Find U, the sum of the upward diagonal products
Zero The line is horizontal. U (2 7) (2 5) (6 1) (5 3) (6, 3)
y
Answers
14 10 6 15 or 45
O x (5, 7)
1
A10
Step 4 Use the formula A (D U) to find the area.
2
1
A (75 45)
2
Negative The line falls to the right. y 1
(30) or 15
2
O x
The area is 15 square units. Count the number of square units enclosed by
Lesson 2-3
the polygon. Does this result seem reasonable?
(Lesson 2-3)
Undefined The line is vertical. y
O x Use the coordinate method to find the area of each region in square units.
1. y 2. y 3. y
2. a. How are the slopes of two nonvertical parallel lines related? They are equal.
b. How are the slopes of two oblique perpendicular lines related? Their product is 1. O x
O x O x
3. Look up the terms grade, pitch, slant, and slope. How can everyday meanings of these 20 units2 14 units2 34 units2
words help you remember the definition of slope? Sample answer: All these words
can be used when you describe how much a thing slants upward or
downward. You can describe this numerically by comparing rise to run.
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
Writing Linear Equations Writing Linear Equations

Forms of Equations Parallel and Perpendicular Lines Use the slope-intercept or point-slope form to find
equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. Remember that parallel
Slope-Intercept Form lines have equal slope. The slopes of two perpendicular lines are negative reciprocals, that
y mx b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept
of a Linear Equation is, their product is 1.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Point-Slope Form y y1 m(x x1), where (x1, y1) are the coordinates of a point on the line and
of a Linear Equation m is the slope of the line
Example 1 Write an equation of the Example 2 Write an equation of the
line that passes through (8, 2) and is line that passes through (1, 5) and is
Example 1 Write an equation in Example 2 Write an equation in perpendicular to the line whose parallel to the graph of y 3x 1.
1
equation is y x 3. The slope of the given line is 3. Since the
slope-intercept form for the line that slope-intercept form for the line that 2
has slope 2 and passes through the 1 slopes of parallel lines are equal, the slope
has slope and x-intercept 5.
3 1 of the parallel line is also 3.
point (3, 7). The slope of the given line is . Since the
2
y mx b Slope-intercept form Use the slope and the given point to write
Substitute for m, x, and y in the slopes of perpendicular lines are negative
1
the equation.
slope-intercept form. 0 (5) b (x, y) (5, 0), m
3
reciprocals, the slope of the perpendicular
Point-slope form
13 line is 2. y y1 m(x x1)
y mx b Slope-intercept form 5
0b Simplify. Use the slope and the given point to write y 5 3(x (1)) (x1, y1) (1, 5), m 3
7 (2)(3) b (x, y ) (3, 7), m 2 3
the equation. y 5 3x 3 Distributive Prop.
7 6 b Simplify. 5 5
b Subtract
3 from both sides. y y1 m(x x1) Point-slope form y 3x 8 Add 5 to each side.
13 b Add 6 to both sides. 3
5 y 2 2(x 8) (x1, y1) (8, 2), m 2 An equation of the line is y 3x 8.
The y-intercept is 13. The equation in The y-intercept is . The slope-intercept Distributive Prop.
3 y 2 2x 16
slope-intercept form is y 2x 13. 1 5 y 2x 14 Add 2 to each side.
form is y x .
Answers
3 3 An equation of the line is y 2x 14.

Exercises
A11
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that satisfies each set of Exercises
conditions.
3
1. slope 2, passes through (4, 6) 2. slope , y-intercept 4
2
conditions.
3 1 1
y 2x 2 y x4 1. passes through (4, 2), parallel to the line whose equation is y x 5 y x 4
2 2 2
1
(Lesson 2-4)
13 2. passes through (3, 1), perpendicular to the graph of y 3x 2 y x

3. slope 1, passes through (2, 5) 4. slope , passes through (5, 7) 3
5
13 3. passes through (1, 1), parallel to the line that passes through (4, 1) and (2, 3)
yx3 y x6
5
y 2x 3
4. passes through (4, 7), perpendicular to the line that passes through (3, 6) and (3, 15)
5. y 6. y 7. y
y7
Lesson 2-4
(1, 6) (5, 2) 1
5. passes through (8, 6), perpendicular to the graph of 2x y 4 y x 2
(4, 5) (–4, 1) 2
O x 6. passes through (2, 2), perpendicular to the graph of x 5y 6 y 5x 12
(0, 0)
(3, 0) O x 7. passes through (6, 1), parallel to the line with x-intercept 3 and y-intercept 5
O x 5
y x9
3
5 1 4 1 1
y 3x 9 y x y x 1 8. passes through (2, 1), perpendicular to the line y 4x 11 y x
4 9 9 4 2
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Writing Linear Equations Writing Linear Equations

State the slope and y-intercept of the graph of each equation. State the slope and y-intercept of the graph of each equation.
3 3
3 3 1. y 8x 12 8, 12 2. y 0.25x 1 0.25, 1 3. y x , 0
1. y 7x 5 7, 5 2. y x 3 , 3 5 5
5 5
7 3 2 10
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
4. 3y 7 0, 5. 3x 15 5y , 3 6. 2x 3y 10 ,
2 2 3 3 5 3 3
3. y x , 0 4. 3x 4y 4 , 1
3 3 4 Write an equation in slope-intercept form for each graph.
4 3 7. y 8. y 9. y
5. 7y 4x 7 , 1 6. 3x 2y 6 0 , 3
7 2 (4, 4)
(–3, 3)
5 (0, 2)
7. 2x y 5 2, 5 8. 2y 6 5x , 3
2 O x
O x O x
(3, –1)
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for each graph. (0, –2)
9. y 10. y 11. y
3 2
y2 y x2 y x1
(1, 2) (0, 3) 2 3
O x O x Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that satisfies each set of
(–3, –1) (4, –1) O x conditions.
4
Answers
(–1, –4) 10. slope 5, passes through (3, 8) 11. slope , passes through (10, 3)
(3, –3) 5
A12
4
y 5x 23 y x 11
5
y 3x 1 y 1 y 2x 3 2
3
2
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that satisfies each set of y 10 y x4
3
conditions.
(Lesson 2-4)
12. slope 3, passes through (1, 3) 13. slope 1, passes through (0, 0) 2 1 1
y x9 y x
3 4 4
y 3x 6 y x
16. x-intercept 3, y-intercept 2 17. x-intercept 5, y-intercept 7
14. slope 2, passes through (0, 5) 15. slope 3, passes through (2, 0) 2 7
y x2 y x7
3 5
y 2x 5 y 3x 6
1
18. passes through (8, 7), perpendicular to the graph of y 4x 3 y x 9
4
Lesson 2-4
19. RESERVOIRS The surface of Grand Lake is at an elevation of 648 feet. During the
3 7 current drought, the water level is dropping at a rate of 3 inches per day. If this trend
y x y 4x 4
2 2 continues, write an equation that gives the elevation in feet of the surface of Grand Lake
5 after x days. y 0.25x 648
18. x-intercept 2, y-intercept 6 19. x-intercept , y-intercept 5
2
20. BUSINESS Tony Marconi’s company manufactures CD-ROM drives. The company will
y 3x 6 y 2x 5
make $150,000 profit if it manufactures 100,000 drives, and $1,750,000 profit if it
1 manufactures 500,000 drives. The relationship between the number of drives
20. passes through (3, 1), perpendicular to the graph of y x 4. y 3x 10 manufactured and the profit is linear. Write an equation that gives the profit P when
3
n drives are manufactured. P 4n 250,000
Glencoe Algebra 2
©

Pre-Activity How do linear equations apply to business? Two-Intercept Form of a Linear Equation
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-4 at the top of page 75 in your textbook. You are already familiar with the slope-intercept form of a linear equation,
• If the total cost of producing a product is given by the equation x y
y mx b. Linear equations can also be written in the form 1 with
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
y 5400 1.37x, what is the fixed cost? What is the variable cost a b
x-intercept a and y-intercept b. This is called two-intercept form.
(for each item produced)? $5400; $1.37
• Write a linear equation that describes the following situation: Example 1 x y
Draw the graph of 1. y
A company that manufactures computers has a fixed cost of $228,750 and 3 6
a variable cost of $852 to produce each computer. The graph crosses the x-axis at 3 and the y-axis at 6. Graph
y 228,750 852x (3, 0) and (0, 6), then draw a straight line through them.
Reading the Lesson

O x
1. a. Write the slope-intercept form of the equation of a line. Then explain the meaning of
each of the variables in the equation. y mx b; m is the slope and b is the
y-intercept. The variables x and y are the coordinates of any point on
the line. Example 2 Write 3x 4y 12 in two-intercept form.
3x 4y 12
Divide by 12 to obtain 1 on the right side.
12 12 12
b. Write the point-slope form of the equation of a line. Then explain the meaning of each x y
1 Simplify.
4 3
Answers
of the variables in the equation. y y1 m(x x1); m is the slope. x and y

are the coordinates of any point on the line. x1 and y1 are the The x-intercept is 4; the y-intercept is 3.
A13
coordinates of one specific point on the line.
Use the given intercepts a and b, to write an equation in two-intercept

2. Suppose that your algebra teacher asks you to write the point-slope form of the equation form. Then draw the graph. See students’ graphs.
of the line through the points (6, 7) and (3, 2). You write y 2 3(x 3) and y y
x x
your classmate writes y 7 3(x 6). Which of you is correct? Explain. You are 1. a 2, b 4 1 2. a 1, b 8 1
2 4 1 8
both correct. Either point may be used as (x1, y1 ) in the point-slope form.
x y x y
(Lesson 2-4)
You used (3, 2), and your classmate used (6, 7). 3. a 3, b 5 1 4. a 6, b 9 1
3 5 6 9
3. You are asked to write an equation of two lines that pass through (3, 5), one of them Write each equation in two-intercept form. Then draw the graph.
parallel to and one of them perpendicular to the line whose equation is y 3x 4.
The first step in finding these equations is to find their slopes. What is the slope of the 1 1
5. 3x 2y 6 6. x y 1 7. 5x 2y 10
1 2 4
parallel line? What is the slope of the perpendicular line? y y y
3; x x x
3 1 1 1
2 3 2 4 2 5
Lesson 2-4
y y y
4. Many students have trouble remembering the point-slope form for a linear equation.
How can you use the definition of slope to remember this form? Sample answer:
y2 y1 O x O x O x
Write the definition of slope: m
x2 x1 . Multiply both sides of this
equation by x2 x1. Drop the subscripts in y2 and x2. This gives the
point-slope form of the equation of a line.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Modeling Real-World Data: Using Scatter Plots Modeling Real-World Data: Using Scatter Plots
Scatter Plots When a set of data points is graphed as ordered pairs in a coordinate Prediction Equations A line of fit is a line that closely approximates a set of data
plane, the graph is called a scatter plot. A scatter plot can be used to determine if there is graphed in a scatter plot. The equation of a line of fit is called a prediction equation
a relationship among the data. because it can be used to predict values not given in the data set.
To find a prediction equation for a set of data, select two points that seem to represent the
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Example BASEBALL The table below shows the number of home runs and data well. Then to write the prediction equation, use what you know about writing a linear
runs batted in for various baseball players who won the Most Valuable Player equation when given two points on the line.
Award during the 1990s. Make a scatter plot of the data.
Home Runs Runs Batted In MVP HRs and RBIs Example STORAGE COSTS According to a certain prediction equation, the
150 cost of 200 square feet of storage space is $60. The cost of 325 square feet of
33 114
125 storage space is $160.
39 116 100
a. Find the slope of the prediction equation. What does it represent?
40 130 75
50
Since the cost depends upon the square footage, let x represent the amount of storage
28 61
Runs Batted In
25
space in square feet and y represent the cost in dollars. The slope can be found using the
41 128 y y 160 60 100
2 1
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 formula m . So, m 0.8
47 144 x2 x1 325 200 125
Home Runs
Source: New York Times Almanac The slope of the prediction equation is 0.8. This means that the price of storage increases
80¢ for each one-square-foot increase in storage space.
Exercises b. Find a prediction equation.
Using the slope and one of the points on the line, you can use the point-slope form to find
Answers
Make a scatter plot for the data in each table below.

a prediction equation.
A14
1. FUEL EFFICIENCY The table below shows the average Average Fuel Efficiency y y1 m(x x1) Point-slope form
fuel efficiency in miles per gallon of new cars 36 y 60 0.8(x 200) (x1, y1) (200, 60), m 0.8
manufactured during the years listed. 30 y 60 0.8x 160 Distributive Property
y 0.8x 100 Add 60 to both sides.
Year Fuel Efficiency (mpg) 24
18 A prediction equation is y 0.8x 100.
1960 15.5
12
1970 14.1
Miles per Gallon

6 Exercises
(Lesson 2-5)
1980 22.6 0
1960 1970 1980 1990
1990 26.9 Year
SALARIES The table below shows the years of experience for eight technicians at
Lewis Techomatic and the hourly rate of pay each technician earns. Use the data
for Exercises 1 and 2.
2. CONGRESS The table below shows the number of Women in Congress Experience (years) 9 4 3 1 10 6 12 8
women serving in the United States Congress during 70
Hourly Rate of Pay $17 $10 $10 $7 $19 $12 $20 $15
the years 19871999. 56
Congressional Session Number of Women 42 1. Draw a scatter plot to show how years of experience are Technician Salaries
28 related to hourly rate of pay. Draw a line of fit. See graph. 24
100 25
14 20
101 31
Number of Women
0 2. Write a prediction equation to show how years of experience 16
100 102 104
102 33 (x) are related to hourly rate of pay (y). Sample answer 12
Session of Congress
103 55 using (1, 7) and (9, 17): y 1.25x 5.75 8
Hourly Pay ($)
104 58 4
105 62 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Lesson 2-5
Experience (years)
Source: Wall Street Journal Almanac
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
Modeling Real-World Data: Using Scatter Plots Modeling Real-World Data: Using Scatter Plots
For Exercises 1–3, complete parts a–c for each set of data. For Exercises 1–3, complete parts a–c for each set of data.
a. Draw a scatter plot. a. Draw a scatter plot.
b. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation. b. Use two ordered pairs to write a prediction equation.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
1. 1a. y
1. FUEL ECONOMY The table gives the Weight (tons) 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8 2 2.1 2.4
x y approximate weights in tons and estimates
15
for overall fuel economy in miles per gallon Miles per Gallon 29 24 23 21 ? 17 15
1 1 12
3 5
for several cars.
9 Fuel Economy Versus Weight
6
1b. Sample answer using (1.4, 24) and 30
4 7
3
(2.4, 15): y 9x 36.6 25
6 11
0 20
7 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 1c. Sample answer: 18.6 mi/gal
15
8 15 10
1b. Sample answer using (1, 1) and (8, 15): y 2x 1
10 ? 5
Fuel Economy (mi/gal)

0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Weight (tons)
2. 2a. y 2. ALTITUDE In most cases, temperature decreases with increasing altitude. As Anchara
x y drives into the mountains, her car thermometer registers the temperatures (°F) shown
40
Answers
5 9 32
in the table at the given altitudes (feet).
10 17 24 Altitude (ft) 7500 8200 8600 9200 9700 10,400 12,000 Temperature
A15
Versus Altitude
20 22 16 65
Temperature (F) 61 58 56 53 50 46 ?
8 60
25 30
0 2b. Sample answer using (7500, 61) and 55
35 38 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 x
(9700, 50): y 0.005x 98.5 50
40 44 2c. Sample answer: 38.5°F 45
2b. Sample answer using (5, 9) and (40, 44): y x 4
Temperature (F)
50 ?
2c. Sample answer: 54 0 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000
(Lesson 2-5)
Altitude (ft)
3. HEALTH Alton has a treadmill that uses the time on the treadmill and the speed of
3. 3a. y walking or running to estimate the number of Calories he burns during a workout. The
x y
36 table gives workout times and Calories burned for several workouts.
1 16 30
Time (min) 18 24 30 40 42 48 52 60
2 16 24
Calories Burned 260 280 320 380 400 440 475 ?
3 ? 18
12
4 22 Burning Calories 3b. Sample answer using (24, 280) and
6 500
5 30 (48, 440): y 6.67x 119.92
0 400
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 3c. Sample answer: about 520 calories
7 34
300
8 36 3b. Sample answer using (2, 16) and (7, 34): y 3.6x 8.8 200
3c. Sample answer: 19.6 100

Calories Burned
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
Lesson 2-5
Time (min)
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©

Pre-Activity How can a linear equation model the number of Calories you burn Median-Fit Lines
exercising?
A median-fit line is a particular type of line of fit. Follow the steps below to
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-5 at the top of page 81 in your textbook. find the equation of the median-fit line for the data.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
• If a woman runs 5.5 miles per hour, about how many Calories will she
Approximate Percentage of Violent Crimes Committed by
burn in an hour? Sample answer: 572 Calories
Juveniles That Victims Reported to Law Enforcement
Year 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996
• If a man runs 7.5 miles per hour, about how many Calories will he burn
Offenders 36 35 33 32 31 30 29 29 30
in half an hour? Sample answer: 397 Calories
Source: U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics
Reading the Lesson 1. Divide the data into three approximately equal groups. There should always
be the same number of points in the first and third groups. In this case, there
1. Suppose that a set of data can be modeled by a linear equation. Explain the difference will be three data points in each group.
between a scatter plot of the data and a graph of the linear equation that models that
data. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
Sample answer: The scatter plot is a discrete graph. It is made up just of Year Offenders Year Offenders Year Offenders
the individual points that represent the data points. The linear equation
has a continuous graph that is the line that best fits the data points.
Answers
A16
2. Suppose that tuition at a state college was $3500 per year in 1995 and has been
increasing at a rate of $225 per year. 2. Find x1, x2, and x3, the medians of the x values in groups 1, 2, and 3,
respectively. Find y1, y2, and y3, the medians of the y values in groups
a. Write a prediction equation that expresses this information. 1, 2, and 3, respectively. 1982, 1988, 1994; 35, 31, 29
y 3500 225x
3. Find an equation of the line through (x1, y1) and (x3, y3). y 0.5x 1026
b. Explain the meaning of each variable in your prediction equation.
(Lesson 2-5)
x represents the number of year since 1995 and y represents the

tuition in that year. 4. Find Y, the y-coordinate of the point on the line in Exercise 2 with an
x-coordinate of x2. 32
3. Use this model to predict the tuition at this college in 2007. $6200
5. The median-fit line is parallel to the line in Exercise 2, but is one-third

Helping You Remember 2 1
closer to (x2, y2). This means it passes through x2, Y y2 . Find this
3 3
4. Look up the word scatter in a dictionary. How can its definition help you to remember ordered pair. about (1988, 31.67)
the meaning of the difference between a scatter plot and the graph of a linear equation?
Sample answer: To scatter means to break up and go in many directions.
The points on a scatter plot are broken up. In a scatter plot, the points 6. Write an equation of the median-fit line. y 0.5x 1025.67
are scattered or broken up. In the graph of a linear equation, the points
are connected to form a continuous line.
7. Use the median-fit line to predict the percentage of juvenile violent crime
Lesson 2-5
offenders in 2010 and 2020. 2010: about 21%; 2020: about16%
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
Special Functions Special Functions

Step Functions, Constant Functions, and the Identity Function The chart Absolute Value and Piecewise Functions Another special function is the
below lists some special functions you should be familiar with. absolute value function, which is also called a piecewise function.
Function Written as Graph Absolute Value Function f(x) x two rays that are mirror images of each other and meet at a point, the vertex
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Constant f(x) c horizontal line
To graph a special function, use its definition and your knowledge of the parent graph. Find
Lesson 2-6
Identity f(x) x line through the origin with slope 1 several ordered pairs, if necessary.
one-unit horizontal segments, with right endpoints missing, arranged
Greatest Integer Function f(x) x
like steps
Example 1 Graph f(x) 3x 4. f (x )
x 3x 4
The greatest integer function is an example of a step function, a function with a graph that Find several ordered pairs. Graph the points and 0 4
consists of horizontal segments. connect them. You would expect the graph to look
1 1
similar to its parent function, f(x) x.
O x
Example 2 2
Identify each function as a constant function, the identity function,
or a step function. 1 1
2 2
a. f (x ) b. f (x )
Example 2 f (x )
Graph f(x) x2xif1xifx2 2.
First, graph the linear function f(x) 2x for x 2. Since 2 does not
Answers
O x O x
satisfy this inequality, stop with a circle at (2, 4). Next, graph the
O x
A17
linear function f(x) x 1 for x 2. Since 2 does satisfy this
inequality, begin with a dot at (2, 1).
a constant function a step function
Exercises
Exercises
(Lesson 2-6)

Identify each function as a constant function, the identity function, a greatest x
integer function, or a step function.

 3 if x 0
1. g(x)
3x 2. h(x) 2x 1 3. h(x ) 
 2x 6 if 0 x 2
1. f (x ) 2. f (x ) 3. f (x )  1 if x 2
y y y
O x
O x O x O x O x
O x
domain: all real domain: all real domain: all real

a constant function a step function the identity function numbers; range: numbers; range: numbers; range:
all integers {yy 0} {yy 1}
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Special Functions Special Functions

Identify each function as S for step, C for constant, A for absolute value, or P for Graph each function. Identify the domain and range.
piecewise.
1. f(x) 0.5x 2. f(x) x 2
1. y 2. y 3. y f (x) f (x)
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Lesson 2-6
O x O x O x
O x
O x
S C A D all reals, R all integers D all reals, R all integers

3. g(x) 2x 4. f(x) x 1
Graph each function. Identify the domain and range. g (x) f (x)
4. f(x) x 1 5. f(x) x 3 O x
f (x) f (x)
O x
O x
O x D all reals, D all reals,

R nonpositive reals R nonnegative reals
Answers
x 2 if x 2 x if x
0
5. f(x) 6. h(x)
A18
3x if x
2 42x 2 if x 0
D all reals, R all integers D all reals, R all integers f (x) h (x)
6. g(x) 2x 7. f(x) x 1

O x
g (x) f (x)
O x
(Lesson 2-6)
O x O x
D all reals, R all reals D all nonzero reals, R all reals
D all reals, D all reals, R {yy 1} 7. BUSINESS A Stitch in Time charges 8. BUSINESS A wholesaler charges a store $3.00
R nonnegative reals $40 per hour or any fraction thereof per pound for less than 20 pounds of candy and
for labor. Draw a graph of the step $2.50 per pound for 20 or more pounds. Draw a
8. f(x) 2x ifif xx 00 9. h(x) 3x if x1 if x1> 1 function that represents this situation. graph of the function that represents this
Labor Costs situation. Candy Costs
f (x) h (x) 280 105
240 90
200 75
O x 160 60
120 45
Cost ($)
O x
Total Cost ($)
80 30
40 15
D all reals, D {xx 1 or x
1}, 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
R {yy 0 or y 2} R {yy
2} Hours Pounds
Glencoe Algebra 2
©

Special Functions
Pre-Activity How do step functions apply to postage rates? Greatest Integer Functions
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-6 at the top of page 89 in your textbook. Use the greatest integer function x to explore some unusual graphs. It will
• What is the cost of mailing a letter that weighs 0.5 ounce? be helpful to make a chart of values for each functions and to use a colored
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
$0.34 or 34 cents pen or pencil.
Lesson 2-6
• Give three different weights of letters that would each cost 55 cents to
mail. Answers will vary. Sample answer: 1.1 ounces, Graph each function.
1.9 ounces, 2.0 ounces x
1. y 2x x 2. y
x
y y
Reading the Lesson 4 4
1. Find the value of each expression. 3 3
a. 3 3 3 3 2 2
1 1
b. 6.2 6.2 6.2 6
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x
c. 4.01 4.01 4.01 5 –1 –1
2. Tell how the name of each kind of function can help you remember what the graph –2 –2
looks like.
Answers
–3 –3
a. constant function Sample answer: Something is constant if it does not –4 –4
A19
change. The y-values of a constant function do not change, so the
graph is a horizontal line.
b. absolute value function Sample answer: The absolute value of a number
tells you how far it is from 0 on the number line. It makes no difference
whether you go to the left or right so long as you go the same 0.5x 1 x
3. y 4. y
distance each time. 0.5x 1 x
(Lesson 2-6)
y y
c. step function Sample answer: A step function’s graph looks like steps 4 4
that go up or down. 3 3
2 2
d. identity function Sample answer: The x- and y-values are always
identically the same for any point on the graph. So the graph is a line 1 1
through the origin that has slope 1.
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4x
–1 –1
–2 –2
3. Many students find the greatest integer function confusing. Explain how you can use a
–3 –3
number line to find the value of this function for any real number. Answers will vary.
Sample answer: Draw a number line that shows the integers. To find the –4 –4
value of the greatest integer function for any real number, place that
number on the number line. If it is an integer, the value of the function is
the number itself. If not, move to the integer directly to the left of the
number you chose. This integer will give the value you need.
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©
Graphing Inequalities Graphing Inequalities

Graph Linear Inequalities. A linear inequality, like y 2x 1, resembles a linear Graph Absolute Value Inequalities Graphing absolute value inequalities is similar
equation, but with an inequality sign instead of an equals sign. The graph of the related to graphing linear inequalities. The graph of the related absolute value equation is the
linear equation separates the coordinate plane into two half-planes. The line is the boundary. This boundary is graphed as a solid line if the inequality is or , and dashed if
boundary of each half-plane. the inequality is or
. Choose a test point not on the boundary to determine which region
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
to shade.
To graph a linear inequality, follow these steps.
1. Graph the boundary, that is, the related linear equation. If the inequality symbol is Example Graph y 3x 1. y
or , the boundary is solid. If the inequality symbol is or
, the boundary is dashed.
2. Choose a point not on the boundary and test it in the inequality. (0, 0) is a good point to First graph the equation y 3x 1.
choose if the boundary does not pass through the origin. Since the inequality is , the graph of the boundary is solid.
3. If a true inequality results, shade the half-plane containing your test point. If a false Test (0, 0).
?
inequality results, shade the other half-plane. 0 30 1 (x, y) (0, 0) O x
?
0 31 1 1
Lesson 2-7
Example Graph x 2y 4. y 0 3 true
The boundary is the graph of x 2y 4. Shade the region that contains (0, 0).
1 x
Use the slope-intercept form, y x 2, to graph the boundary line. O
2
The boundary line should be solid. Exercises
Now test the point (0, 0). Graph each inequality.
?
0 2(0) 4 (x, y) (0, 0)
Answers
04 false 1. y x 1 2. y 2x 1 3. y 2x

3
y
A20
y y
Shade the region that does not contain (0, 0).
Exercises
O x O x O x
1. y 3x 1 2. y x 5 3. 4x y 1
(Lesson 2-7)
y y y 4. y x 3 5. x y 4 6. x 1 2y 0
y y y
O x
O x
O x O x
O x
O x
x
4. y 4 5. x y
6 6. 0.5x 0.25y 1.5
2 7. 2 x y
1 8. y 3x 3 9. y 1 x 4
y y y
y y y
O x O x
O x
O x
O x O x
Glencoe Algebra 2
©
2-7 Skills Practice 2-7 Practice

Graphing Inequalities Graphing Inequalities
Graph each inequality. Graph each inequality.
1. y 1 2. y x 2 3. x y 4 1. y 3 2. x 2 3. x y 4
y y y y y y
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
O x O x
O x O x O x
O x
1
4. y 3x 5 5. y x 3 6. y 1 x
2
4. x 3 y 5. 2 y x 6. y x y y y
Lesson 2-7
y y y
O x O x
O x O x
O x
O x
Answers
7. x 3y 6 8. y x 1 9. y 3x 1 2
y y y
A21
7. x y 2 8. 9x 3y 6 0 9. y 1 2x
O x
y y y
O x
O
x
O x O x O x
(Lesson 2-7)
COMPUTERS For Exercises 10–12, use the following information.

10. y 7 9 11. x 5 12. y x
A school system is buying new computers. They will Computers Purchased
y y y buy desktop computers costing $1000 per unit, and 80
notebook computers costing $1200 per unit. The total 70
cost of the computers cannot exceed $80,000. 60
O x O x O x 50
10. Write an inequality that describes this situation.
40
1000d 1200n 80,000
30
Notebooks
20
11. Graph the inequality.
10
12. If the school wants to buy 50 of the desktop 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

computers and 25 of the notebook computers, Desktops
will they have enough money? yes
Glencoe Algebra 2
Answers
©

Pre-Activity How do inequalities apply to fantasy football? Algebraic Proof
Read the introduction to Lesson 2-7 at the top of page 96 in your textbook. The following paragraph states a result you might be asked to prove in a
• Which of the combinations of yards and touchdowns listed would Dana mathematics course. Parts of the paragraph are numbered.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
consider a good game? The first one: 168 yards and 01 Let n be a positive integer.
3 touchdowns
02 Also, let n1 s(n1) be the sum of the squares of the digits in n.
• Suppose that in one of the games Dana plays, Moss gets 157 receiving
yards. What is the smallest number of touchdowns he must get in order 03 Then n2 s(n1) is the sum of the squares of the digits of n1, and n3 s(n2)
for Dana to consider this a good game? 3 is the sum of the squares of the digits of n2.
04 In general, nk s(nk 1) is the sum of the squares of the digits of nk 1.
Reading the Lesson 05 Consider the sequence: n, n1, n2, n3, …, nk, ….
1. When graphing a linear inequality in two variables, how do you know whether to make 06 In this sequence either all the terms from some k on have the value 1,
Lesson 2-7
the boundary a solid line or a dashed line? If the symbol is or , the line is
solid. If the symbol is
or , the line is dashed. 07 or some term, say nj, has the value 4, so that the eight terms
4, 16, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, and 20 keep repeating from that point on.
Use the paragraph to answer these questions.

2. How do you know which side of the boundary to shade? Sample answer: If the test
point gives a true inequality, shade the region containing the test point. If 1. Use the sentence in line 01. List the first five values of n. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
the test point gives a false inequality, shade the region not containing
Answers
the test point.
A22
2. Use 9246 for n and give an example to show the meaning of line 02.
n1 s(9246) 137, because 137 81 4 16 36
3. Match each inequality with its graph.
a. y
2x 3 iii b. y 2x 3 iv c. y 2x 3 ii d. y 2x 3 i 3. In line 02, which symbol shows a function? Explain the function in a sentence.
s(n); the sum of the squares of the digits of a number is a function
i. y ii. y iii. y iv. y of the number
(Lesson 2-7)
O x O x 4. For n 9246, find n2 and n3 as described in sentence 03. n2 59, n3 106
O x O x
5. How do the first four sentences relate to sentence 05?

They explain how to compute the terms of the sequence.
Helping You Remember 6. Use n 31 and find the first four terms of the sequence. 31, 10, 1, 1
4. Describe some ways in which graphing an inequality in one variable on a number line is
similar to graphing an inequality in two variables in a coordinate plane. How can what 7. Which sentence of the paragraph is illustrated by n 31? sentence 06
you know about graphing inequalities on a number line help you to graph inequalities in
a coordinate plane? Sample answer: A boundary on a coordinate graph is
similar to an endpoint on a number line graph. A dashed line is similar to 8. Use n 61 and find the first ten terms. 61, 37, 58, 89, 145, 42, 20, 4, 16, 37
a circle on a number line: both are open and mean not included; they
represent the symbols
and . A solid line is similar to a dot on a
number line: both are closed and mean included; they represent the
9. Which sentence is illustrated by n 61? sentence 07
symbols and .
Glencoe Algebra 2
Chapter 2 Assessment Answer Key
Form 1 Form 2A
Page 99 Page 100 Page 101
1. C 13. D 1. D
2. B
14. D
3. D
2. C
15. C
4. C
3. C
4. D
5. A
16. D
5. B
6. B
7. C
6. B
17. B
Answers
A 8. B
7.
8. D
18. C 9. B
9. C
19. A
10. C
10. B
A 20. D 11. B
11.
12. B 12. A
B: k 10
(continued on the next page)

Form 2A (continued) Form 2B
13. D 1. C 13. A
2. D
14. A C 14. C
3.
4. A
B 5. B
15.
15. D
6. D
16. C
7. A 16. B
17. B
8. D A
17.
9. C
18. C
10. B 18. B
D 11. D 19. C
19.
20. C
20. B
D
12.
B: k 16
B: k5

Form 2C
Page 105 Page 106
1. y 13. y
( 3, 3)
( 3, 2)
( 3, 1)
( 3, 0) O x
O x
D {3}; R {0, 1, 2, 3}; no
yes 14. 14

2.
y
3. no
15.
O x
4. 3
5. 5a 2 8a
No, because a 16. y 2x 7
variable appears in
6. the denominator. y 3x
17. 2
7. yes
18.
17 p
8. 5x 16y 18; A 5, 16
B 16, C 18 15
Points Scored
14
Answers
13
12
9. x-intercept is 3; 11
y-intercept is 2 10
9
10. y 8 a
0
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Field Goals Attempted
O x
19. Sample answer using
(6, 9) and (10, 15):
11. f (x ) p 3a; 30
2
20. step function;
D all reals,
O x R all integers
12. y
O x
B: k 7

Form 2D
Page 107 Page 108
1. y 13. y
(2, 4)
( 4, 0) (4, 0)
O (0, 0) x O x
D {4, 0, 2, 4}; R {0, 4}; yes

14. 10
2. no
3. yes 15. y
O x
4. 14
16. y x 1
5. 4a 2 2a 3
y 5x
17. 2
6. yes
7. No, because the variables

are multiplied together.
18.
8. 2x 56y 1; 30 t
A 2, B 56, C 1 28
26
9. x-intercept is 4; 24
Tickets Sold
22
y-intercept is 3 20
10. 18
y
16
14
O x 12 n
0 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Calls Made

11. f(x)
(6, 12) and (8, 16):
t 2n; 32
O x 20. step function;

D all reals,
R all integers
12. y
O x
B: k 3

Form 3
Page 109 Page 110
1. y y 2x 2
13. 5
y 4x 2
x 14. 3
O
15. 12p 15c 360

28 c
24
D {x x 1}; 20
R all reals; no 16
12
2. no 8
4 p
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
16. 4x 2y 1
3. 8
4. 3x 5
17. 160 t
5. A. yes 140
Time (min)
120
B. no 100
80
60
40
6. 25x 5y 3; 20 d
A 25, B 5, C 3 0 60 100 140 180 220
Distance (km)
x-intercept is 2; (160,150)
7. 7
no y-intercept
Answers
absolute value (40, 30) and (200, 150):
8.
function t 3d; 120 min; much
4
lower
19. y x 2
9. y
2x if x 1

O x
f (x) 0 if 1 x 2
20. x if x 2
10. y
O x
k 3
5.6 B: 5
11.
12. $15.22 per year
Page 111, Open-Ended Assessment
Scoring Rubric
Score General Description Specific Criteria
4 Superior • Shows thorough understanding of the concepts of

A correct solution that relations and functions, linear equations and inequalities,
is supported by well- scatter plots, and prediction equations.
developed, accurate • Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
explanations • Computations are correct.
• Written explanations are exemplary.
• Goes beyond requirements of some or all problems.
3 Satisfactory • Shows an understanding of the concepts of relations and

A generally correct solution, functions, linear equations and inequalities, scatter plots,
but may contain minor flaws and prediction equations.
in reasoning or computation • Uses appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are effective.
• Satisfies all requirements of problems.
2 Nearly Satisfactory • Shows an understanding of most of the concepts of

A partially correct relations and functions, linear equations and inequalities,
interpretation and/or scatter plots, and prediction equations.
solution to the problem • May not use appropriate strategies to solve problems.
• Computations are mostly correct.
• Written explanations are satisfactory.
• Satisfies the requirements of most of the problems.
1 Nearly Unsatisfactory • Final computation is correct.

A correct solution with no • No written explanations or work is shown to substantiate
supporting evidence or the final computation.
explanation • Satisfies minimal requirements of some of the problems.
0 Unsatisfactory • Shows little or no understanding of most of the concepts

An incorrect solution of relations and functions, linear equations and
indicating no mathematical inequalities, scatter plots, and prediction equations.
understanding of the • Does not use appropriate strategies to solve problems.
concept or task, or no • Computations are incorrect.
solution is given • Written explanations are unsatisfactory.
• Does not satisfy requirements of problems.
• No answer may be given.

Page 111, Open-Ended Assessment
Sample Answers
In addition to the scoring rubric found on page A28, the following sample answers
may be used as guidance in evaluating open-ended assessment items.
1. Students should describe two situations: 5. Students should state that all of the
If given as a mapping, a set of ordered graphs have the same shape, that the
pairs, or a table, determine whether graph of g(x) is the graph of the parent
each member of the domain is paired function f(x) translated, or shifted, left
with exactly one member of the range. 2 units, and that the graph of h(x) is the
If given as a graph, determine whether graph of f(x) translated right 3 units.
the graph passes the vertical line test. The graph of y x 500 is the graph
Functions must satisfy both of these of f(x) translated left 500 units.
conditions.
6. Alessia needed a test point to determine
2. Sample answer: The speed of a car which side of the line to shade. Students
decreases as you apply the brakes. Thus, should indicate that Alessia made a
the rate of change of the speed with poor choice since the point (1, 7) lies
respect to time is negative. on the graph of the boundary line and,
therefore, does not provide the
3. slope-intercept form: y 1 x 5 information she needs to complete the
2 graph.
standard form: x 2y 10
Sample answer: The slope-intercept 7. The graph of the relation is an infinite
form is most useful when graphing since set of points represented graphically as
the slope and the y-intercept can be a shaded region. Any vertical line will
easily determined. therefore pass through an infinite
number of points in the region. Thus,
4. Students should indicate that the value the relation is not a function.
Answers
for 1994 is likely to be more accurate
than the value for 2005 because values
in the future may vary considerably
from the known data.

Vocabulary Test/Review Quiz (Lessons 2–1 and 2–2) Quiz (Lessons 2–5 and 2–6)
1. D all reals;
e 1. 50 y
1. 45
R all reals; yes 40
2. i 35
30
25
3. h 20
2. no 15 x
4. g 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
3. 5 (5, 25)
5. a
4. 5x y 10; A 5, 2. Sample answer using
c B 1, C 10 (10, 21) and (20, 41):
6.
y 2x 1; 61
7. b 5. x-intercept is 4;
3. y
y-intercept is 3;
8. f y
9. j
O x
x
10. d O
D all reals;
11. Sample answer: The R {y y 0}
vertical line test lets
you use the graph
of a relation to tell
whether the relation
is a function. Each Quiz (Lesson 2–7)
vertical line must Quiz (Lessons 2–3 and 2–4)
intersect the graph Page 114
Page 113
in at most one
point. 3 y 3x 1
1.
1. 2
12. Sample answer: A 2. y
linear function is a 2. undefined O x

function that can be
written in the form 3. y
f(x) mx b,
where m and b are 3. y
real numbers.
O x
O x
4. B 4. y
5. y 2x 11
O x

Mid-Chapter Test Cumulative Review
Page 115 Page 116
1. D 1. 1
2. Q, R
3. {3, 11}
2. C
4. {x x 1} or (, 1]
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
C 5. {y 2 y 6} or [2, 6)
3.
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
D {2, 3, 4};
6. R {7, 0}; no
4. D
7. 119
x-intercept is 8;
B 8. 3
5.
y-intercept is 2
6.
5
y (2, 4)
9. 2
Answers
(0, 3) (1, 3)
O x 10.
(4, 2)
D {0, 1, 2, 4}; about $237,610

11.
R {2, 3, 4}; yes
7. y
D all real numbers;

O x
12. R {y y 8}
D all reals;
R all reals; yes
8. 5 y
1
13.
9. 8
y 1x 1 O x
10. 3

Standardized Test Practice
Page 117 Page 118
1. A B C D 11. 12.
1 2 2 1
/ / / /
. . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2. E F G H
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
13. 14.
3. A B C D 7 5 3 2
/ / / /
. . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
4. E F G H 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
5. A B C D
6. E F G H
7. A B C D
15. A B C D
8. E F G H
16. A B C D
17. A B C D
9. A B C D
10. E F G H
18. A B C D

Alg 2 Resource Ws CH 2 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Alg 2 Resource Ws CH 2 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Alg 2 Resource Ws CH 2 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

What are the different types of assessments covered in the chapter?

What are the different types of assessments covered in the chapter?

What is the purpose of the Cumulative Review?

What is the purpose of the Cumulative Review?

Chapter 2

ANSWERS FOR WORKBOOKS The answers for Chapter 2 of these workbooks

Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Send all inquiries to:

ISBN: 0-07-828005-2 Algebra 2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iii Glencoe Algebra 2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill iv Glencoe Algebra 2

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill v Glencoe Algebra 2

2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

greatest integer function

(continued on the next page)

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill vii Glencoe Algebra 2

2 Reading to Learn Mathematics

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill viii Glencoe Algebra 2

2-1 Study Guide and Intervention

D {3, 2, 1, 2}, D {1, 2, 3}, D {3, 0, 3, 5},

D all reals, D all reals, D all reals,

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 57 Glencoe Algebra 2

2-1 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Relations and Functions

Example Given the function f(x) x2 2x, find each value.

f(3) 32 2(3) Substitute.

f(5a) (5a)2 2(5a) Substitute.

25a2 10a Simplify.

1. f(12) 20 2. f(6) 8 3. f(2b) 4b 4

Find each value if g(x) x3 x.

4. g(5) 120 5. g(2) 6 6. g(7c) 343c 3 7c

Let f(x) 2x2 1.

16. Find the values of f(2) and f(5). f (2) 7, f (5) 49

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 58 Glencoe Algebra 2

2-1 Skills Practice

D {2}, R {3, 1, 4}; no D {2, 6}, R {2, 6}; yes

D {3, 2, 1, 3}, D {2}, R all reals; no

Find each value if f(x) 2x 1 and g(x) 2 x2.

9. f(0) 1 10. f(12) 23 11. g(4) 14

12. f(2) 5 13. g(1) 1 14. f(d) 2d 1

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 59 Glencoe Algebra 2

2-1 Practice (Average)

Relations and Functions

5. {(4, 1), (4, 0), (0, 3), (2, 0)} 6. y 2x 1

D {4, 0, 2, 4}, D all reals, R all reals; yes

2-1 Reading to Learn Mathematics

Reading the Lesson

(–1, –5) (3, –4)

D: {3, 2, 1, 0, 3}; R: {5, 4, 0, 1, 2, 4}

Helping You Remember

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 61 Glencoe Algebra 2

into, onto into, onto into, onto, into, onto

into into, onto into, onto into, onto,

11. If a mapping from set A into set B is a one-to-one correspondence, what

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 62 Glencoe Algebra 2

2-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Example 1 Is f(x) 0.2  a

© Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 63 Glencoe Algebra 2

2-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Example 1 Is f(x) 0.2 a