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    Electromagnetic Communication Spectrum, .: Topic

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    Nitesh Pandey
    The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which ranges from below 1 Hz to above 1025 Hz and is divided into bands for different types of electromagnetic waves. It focuses on the frequency bands used for telecommunication, which are divided and regulated by the International Telecommunication Union. The key bands are ELF, LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF, and EHF, and the document provides the frequency ranges and common uses for each band, such as AM radio, FM radio, television, and cellular networks.

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    Electromagnetic Communication Spectrum, .: Topic

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Pandey
    65 views4 pages
    The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which ranges from below 1 Hz to above 1025 Hz and is divided into bands for different types of electromagnetic waves. It focuses on the frequency bands used for telecommunication, which are divided and regulated by the International Telecommunication Union. The key bands are ELF, LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF, and EHF, and the document provides the frequency ranges and common uses for each band, such as AM radio, FM radio, television, and cellular networks.

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    The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which ranges from below 1 Hz to above 1025 Hz and is divided into bands for different types of electromagnetic waves. It focuses on the frequency bands used for telecommunication, which are divided and regulated by the International Telecommunication Union. The key bands are ELF, LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF, and EHF, and the document provides the frequency ranges and common uses for each band, such as AM radio, FM radio, television, and cellular networks.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    65 views4 pages

    Electromagnetic Communication Spectrum, .: Topic

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Pandey
    The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum, which ranges from below 1 Hz to above 1025 Hz and is divided into bands for different types of electromagnetic waves. It focuses on the frequency bands used for telecommunication, which are divided and regulated by the International Telecommunication Union. The key bands are ELF, LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, SHF, and EHF, and the document provides the frequency ranges and common uses for each band, such as AM radio, FM radio, television, and cellular networks.

    Copyright:

    Public Domain
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    TOPIC :- Electromagnetic Communication Spectrum,

    band designations and usage.


    Electromagnetic Communication Spectrum :- The
    Electromagnetic spectrum is define as the entire range of
    Electromagnetic radiation according to wavelength or
    frequencies(measured in cycle per second and hertz).
    All electrical and electronic signal that
    radiate into free space fall into the electromagnetic spectrum. Not
    included are signal carried by cables. Signals carried by cables may
    share the same frequencies of smaller signal in spectrum, but they are
    not radio signal.
    The electromagnetic spectrum covers
    electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from below
    one hertz to above 1025 hertz, corresponding to wavelength from
    thousands of kilometres down to a fraction of the size of
    an atomic nucleus. This frequency range is divided into separate
    bands, and the electromagnetic waves within each frequency
    band are called by different names; beginning at the low
    frequency (long wavelength) end of the spectrum these
    are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible
    light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays at the high-frequency
    (short wavelength) end. The electromagnetic waves in each of
    these bands have different characteristics, such as how they are
    produced, how they interact with matter, and their practical
    applications.
    In telecommunication, a band- sometimes called a band
    frequen- cy band – is a specific range of frequencies in the radio
    frequency (RF) spectrum, which is divided among ranges from
    very low frequencies (vlf) to extremely high frequencies (ehf).
    Each band has a defined upper and lower frequency limit.

    Because two radio transmitters sharing the same frequency band


    cause mutual interference, band usage is regulated. International
    use of the radio spectrum is regulated by the International
    Telecommunication Union (ITU).

    The section of spectrum has been divided into a number of


    frequency bands as officially referred by International
    telecommunication union (ITU).

    Allocation of frequency Band and their use.


    The frequency bands and their use in communication is as follows.
    Band Full Form Frequency Uses
    Name range Propagation

    ELF Extremely 30- 300 Hz Ground Power lines


    low frequencies.
    frequency
    LF Low 3 – 300KHz Ground Marine
    frequency communication,
    communication
    over twisted
    pair.
    MF Medium 300KHz – Sky AM radio, co-
    Frequency 3MHz mmunication
    over coaxial
    cable.
    HF High 3 – 30 MHz Sky Aircraft and
    frequency Ship
    communication.
    VHF Very High 30 -300 Sky and line FM radio, TV.
    Frequency MHz of Sight
    UHF Ultra-High 300 MHz – Line – of – TV, Cellular
    Frequency 3 GHz Sight Phone
    SHF Super High 3 – 30 GHz Line – of – Satellite and
    Frequency sight microwave links
    EHF Extremely 30 – 300 Line – of – Radar Satellite
    High GHz sight
    Frequency
    Infrared Infrared 300 GHz – Line – of – Consumer
    Rays 400 THz sight electronic
    goods.
    Visible Visible Light 400 THz – Line – of – Fibre optic
    Light rays 900 THz sight Communication
    .

    USES OF SOME ELECTROMAGNRTIC SPECTRUM WAVES IN


    COMMUNICATION.
    Radio Waves (communications)
    TV and FM radio (short wavelength).
    Direct line of sight with transmitter (do not diffract).
    Medium wavelength – travel further because they reflect
    from layers in the atmosphere.
    Infrared Radiation
    It is used for night vision and security cameras as Infrared
    Radiation is visible in daytime or night-time 
    Police use it to catch criminals, army use it to detect enemy.
    Satellite signals (Microwaves)
    Frequency of microwaves pass easily through atmosphere
    and clouds and helps us to collect information and help for
    long distance communication.

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