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    The Ionic Bonding 03

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    Ashraf
    1) Twelve of the first twenty elements easily form ions, including hydrogen, lithium, beryllium, boron, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, and scandium. 2) Metals form positive ions by losing electrons, while non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons. 3) Ionic compounds are named by combining the names of the ions, with the positive ion named first. The formula is determined by balancing the charges of the ions.

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    The Ionic Bonding 03

    Uploaded by

    Ashraf
    39 views1 page
    1) Twelve of the first twenty elements easily form ions, including hydrogen, lithium, beryllium, boron, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, and scandium. 2) Metals form positive ions by losing electrons, while non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons. 3) Ionic compounds are named by combining the names of the ions, with the positive ion named first. The formula is determined by balancing the charges of the ions.

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    1) Twelve of the first twenty elements easily form ions, including hydrogen, lithium, beryllium, boron, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, and scandium. 2) Metals form positive ions by losing electrons, while non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons. 3) Ionic compounds are named by combining the names of the ions, with the positive ion named first. The formula is determined by balancing the charges of the ions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views1 page

    The Ionic Bonding 03

    Uploaded by

    Ashraf
    1) Twelve of the first twenty elements easily form ions, including hydrogen, lithium, beryllium, boron, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, and scandium. 2) Metals form positive ions by losing electrons, while non-metals form negative ions by gaining electrons. 3) Ionic compounds are named by combining the names of the ions, with the positive ion named first. The formula is determined by balancing the charges of the ions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Ato m s co m b i n i n g

    4.4 More about ions


    Ions of the first twenty elements
    Not every element forms ions during reactions. In fact, out of the first
    twenty elements in the Periodic Table, only twelve easily form ions.
    These ions are given below, with their names.

    0
    H1
    Group
    hydrogen none
    I II III IV V VI VII

    Li1 Be21 O22 F2


    none
    lithium beryllium oxide fluoride

    Na1 Mg21 Al31 S22 Cl2


    none
    sodium magnesium aluminium sulfide chloride

    K1 Ca21 transition
    potassium calcium elements

    Note that:
    Hydrogen and the metals lose electrons and form positive ions.
     
    The ions have the same names as the atoms.
     Non-metals form negative ions, with names ending in -ide.
     
    The elements in Groups IV and V do not usually form ions, because
    their atoms would have to gain or lose several electrons, and that takes
    too much energy.
     Group 0 elements do not form ions: their atoms already have stable
    outer shells, so do not need to gain or lose electrons.

    The names and formulae of ionic compounds


    The names  To name an ionic compound, you just put the names of the   Bath time. Bath salts contain ionic
    ions together, with the positive one first: compounds such as magnesium sulfate
    Ions in compound Name of compound (Epsom salts) and sodium hydrogen
    K1 and F2 potassium fluoride carbonate (baking soda). Plus scent!
    Ca21 and S22 calcium sulfide

    The formulae  The formulae of ionic compounds can be worked out


    using these four steps. Look at the examples that follow.
    1 Write down the name of the ionic compound.
    2 Write down the symbols for its ions.
    3 The compound must have no overall charge, so balance the ions until
    the positive and negative charges add up to zero.
    4 Write down the formula without the charges.
    Example 1 Example 2
    1 Lithium fluoride. 1 Sodium sulfide.
    2 The ions are Li 1 and F 2. 2 The ions are Na 1 and S 22.
    3 One Li 1 is needed for every F 2, to make the total 3 Two Na1 ions are needed for every S22 ion, to make
    charge zero. the total charge zero: Na 1 Na 1 S 22.
    4 The formula is LiF. 4 The formula is Na2S. (What does the 2 show?)

    52

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