ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 - Explanation of Technical Revisions by EOS/ESD Association

ANSI/ESD S20.
20-2014 – Explanation of Technical Revisions
By EOS/ESD Association
A five-year review of ANSI/ESD S20.20 was recently completed and the 2014 version
was published in September 2014. The technical revisions are highlighted in this article.
For a complimentary PDF copy of the new standard, and a comparison table of the 2007
version to the 2014 version, please go to www.esda.org.
The 2014 document scope now includes devices with withstand voltages greater than 100
volts HBM (no change), 200 volts Charge Device Model (CDM), and 35 volts on isolated
conductors. Changes in the standard were made to support these additions to the scope.
The 200 volts for CDM is for the induced CDM event by insulators. While some CDM
control has always been implied in ANSI/ESD S20.20, the standard now explicitly states
it in the scope. Changes in insulator control support the scope with the addition of
controls within 1 inch of an ESD sensitive item. The 35 volts on isolated conductors
acknowledges that all conductors may not be able to be grounded. There is a section
added in ANSI/ESD S20.20 on the requirements for isolated conductors and what needs
to be evaluated.
The tailoring section of the document, Section 6.3, has been clarified to address
misconceptions that tailoring was required if anything changed from the requirements of
ANSI/ESD S20.20. This was not the intention. The section now clearly states that
tailoring is needed only if the requirements are deleted or revised to exceed the limits in
ANSI/ESD S20.20. For example, the worksurface requirement of 0 to 1.0 x 109 ohms for
point to point resistance does not need a tailoring statement if a company’s internal
control program document requires a point to point resistance between 1.0 x 105 to 1.0 x
109 ohms; these stated limits are within the ANSI/ESD S20.20 limits. If however, the
point to point resistance in a company’s internal control program document is between
1.0 x 105 and 1.0 x 1010 ohms, a tailoring statement is required because 1.0 x 1010 ohms is
beyond the limit in ANSI/ESD S20.20.
A section on product qualification, Section 7.3, was added ANSI/ESD S20.20-2014 to
emphasize the product qualification of ESD control items. The requirement to have ESD
control items qualified was in the 2007 version but it was only in Tables 2 and 3. Product
qualification is an important part of ANSI/ESD S20.20 because all ESD control items
need to be qualified to the ESD standards that are listed in Tables 2 and 3. Typically,
product qualification requires ESD control items to work in low humidity conditions. All
qualification testing or testing done at environmental conditions that do not meet the
referenced standards must be technically justified with a tailoring statement.
In the 2014 version a change was made to the qualification of flooring/footwear systems
for grounding personnel. The 2007 version allowed for qualification based only on
resistance if the total resistance was less than 3.5 x 107 ohms from a person’s hand to
ground. A walking test was required for resistance greater than 3.5 x 107 ohms and less
than 1.0 x 109 ohms. The resistance method (Method 1) has been eliminated and the
requirement is now both a resistance and walking test. There has been data presented at
various symposia that even with a total system resistance of 3.5 x 107 ohms, a person
walking on the floor can generate sufficient voltage to exceed the 100 volt requirement.
For comparison, both the 2007 and 2014 tables for personnel grounding are shown
below.
2007 Personnel Grounding Table
2014 Personnel Grounding Table
In the 2007 version of ANSI/ESD S20.20 the requirement for process required insulators
within 30 cm (12 in) of an ESD sensitive device is a field of no more than 2000 volts/in.
In the 2014 version of the standard, there is a new requirement that process required
insulators within 2.5 cm (1 in) of an ESD sensitive device have a field of no more than
125 volts/in. The change supports the addition of 200 volts CDM in the scope.
The 2007 version of ANSI/ESD S20.20 did not allow for any isolated conductors in an
ESD control program and therefore, no requirements on isolated conductors was included
in the document. There are situations where an isolated conductor must be in the ESD
protected area (EPA). In the 2014 version of ANSI/ESD S20.20, isolated conductors are
in the EPA cannot have more than 35 volts on the conductor. The measurement of
isolated conductors requires either an electrostatic non-contacting voltmeter or a high
impedance contacting voltmeter. A field meter alone cannot make this measurement on
very small conductors. This only applies to isolated conductors that are in the EPA and is
a qualification requirement only.
Changes to Table 3 in the 2014 version include the following:
Ionization now has one offset limit instead of the two requirements in the 2007 version.
The 2007 version has separate limits for room ionization and local ionization. The 2014
version now has only one limit. The intent of room ionization is mainly for cleanliness
rather than ESD control. As such, it is not necessary to include room ionization in the
ESD control plan unless it is expressly configured for ESD mitigation.
Electrical soldering/desoldering hand tools were also added as a requirement to Table 3.
This is new to the 2014 version and was not in the 2007 version. Revisions have also
been included in ANSI/ESD S13.1 and ESD TR53 to support the additions to the table.
Another addition to Table 3 is the requirement to check the wrist strap connection for
non-continuous monitored wrist straps. This is the connection from where the wrist strap
is plugged in to ground.
The requirements on packaging materials has not changed but there have been accounts
of packaging materials used as worksurfaces, such as placing ESD sensitive parts on top
of static shielding bags or static dissipative pink foams. A note has been added to the
packaging section which says, “When ESDS items are placed on packaging materials and
the ESDS items have work being performed on them, then the packaging materials
become worksurfaces. The worksurface requirements for resistance to ground apply.”
This allows the use of packaging materials as long as they meet the requirements for
worksurfaces and are tested as part of compliance verification.
The updates to ANSI/ESD S20.20 will be reflected in the requirements for facility
certification. There is a transition period to give process owners time to understand the
new requirements and to update internal ESD control processes. For 2015, facilities may
be certified to either the 2007 version or the 2014 version of ANSI/ESD S20.20. For this
reason, both standards will remain on the ESD Association web site for 2015. In 2016,
facilities will only be certified to the 2014 version of ANSI/ESD S20.20.
For additional information, please visit the ESD Association web site at www.esda.org.

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ANSI/ESD S20.

20-2014 – Explanation of Technical Revisions

2007 Personnel Grounding Table

2014 Personnel Grounding Table

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