Uganda Martyrs University: Name: Mutungi Felix Course: Dcs&It Course Unit: Networking Year: One Semester: Two

UGANDA MARTYRS UNIVERSITY
Making a difference.
NAME: MUTUNGI FELIX

COURSE: DCS&IT
COURSE UNIT: NETWORKING
YEAR: ONE
SEMESTER: TWO
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2018-2019
ASSIGNMENT
1.Discus the different cable standards used in
networking.
2.Identify the several communication protocols
used in the network.
3.Define attenuation and crosstalk as used in
network communication.
1. Networking cables are networking hard ware used to connect one
network device to other network devices or to connect two or more
computers to share printers, scanners etc.
Different types of network cables; such as co-axial cable, optical fibre
and twisted pair cables are used depending on the networks physical
layer, topology and size.
The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g. Via Ethernet) or
nearby unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of internet)
There several technologies used for network connections
Patch cables are used for short distances in offices and wiring closets.
Electrical connections using twisted pair or coaxial cables are used
within a building. Optical fibre cable is used for long distances or for
applications requiring high bandwidth or electrical isolation. Many
installation used structured cabling practices to improve reliability
and maintain ability. In some home and industrial applications power
lines are used as networking cabling.
Twisted pair
Twisted pair cabling with the ubiquitous “RJ-45” 8P8C modular
connected is a form of wiring in which pairs of wires (the forward and
return conductors of a single circuit) are twisted together for the
purpose of cancelling out electromagnetic interference (EMI) from
other wire pairs and from external sources
This type of cable is used for home and corporate Ethernet networks.
Twisted pair cabling is used in short patch cables and in the long runs
in structured cabling.
An Ethernet cross over cable is the type of twisted pair Ethernet cable used to
connect computing devices together directly that would normally be
connected via a network switch, Ethernet hub or router, such as directly
connecting two personal computers via their network adapters.
Most current Ethernet devices support auto MDI-X, so it doesn’t matter
whether you use cross over or straight cables.
Fibre optic
An optical fibre consists of a centre glass core surrounded by several layers of
protective material. Optical fibre deployment is more expensive than copper
but offers higher bandwidth and can cover longer distances.
There are two major types of optical fibre cables:
 Shorter-range multi-mode fibre
 Longer-range single-mode fibre
Coaxial cables
Coaxial cables form a transmission line and confine the electromagnetic wave
inside the cable between the centre conductor and the shield. The
transmission of energy in the line occurs totally through the dielectric inside
the cable between the conductors. Coaxial lines can therefore be bent and
twisted (subject to limits) without negative effects, and they can be strapped
to conductive supports without inducing un wanted currents in them.
Century the L-carrier system used coaxial cable for long-distance calling.
Coaxial cables are commonly used for television and other broadband signals.
Although in most homes. Coaxial cables have been installed for transmission of
TV signals, new technologies (such as the ITU-TG.hn standard) open the
possibility of using home coaxial cable for high-speed home networking
applications (Ethernet over coax)
PATCH CABLE
A patch cable is an electric or optical cable used to connect one electronic
device to another towards building infrastructure for signal routing, devices of
different types (e.g. a switch connected to a computer, a switch connected
with patch cables. Patch cables are usually produced in many different colours
so as to be easily distinguishable and most are relatively short, no longer than
a few meters.
In contrast to on-premises wiring, patch cables are more flexible.
2. Communication protocols are formal descriptions of digital message
formats and rules. They are required to exchange messages in or
between computing systems and are required in
telecommunications.
 Transmission Communication Protocol (TCP) & internet protocol (IP)
This is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network
devices on the internet. TCP/IP can also be used as communication
protocol in a private network (An intranet or an extranet)
 Routine Information Protocol (RIP) is a protocol used to enable routers
to share information about IP traffic routes as they move.
 Electronic mail
Included in the email protocol are three distinct protocols. SMTP (Simple
Mail Transfer Protocol), IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) and
POP3 (Post Office Protocol 3). SMTP is a protocol used for sending mail,
while IMAP and POP3 are used for receiving almost all internet services
provides support all three protocols. However the most popular set for
most providers is to use SMTP for sending mail while using POP3 for
receiving.
 File Transfer protocol (FTP) is a means of transferring a file from one
computer to another. FTP is commonly used for uploading a web page
to a web server so that it may be seen on the World Wide Web. A
special program called a client is usually needed to FTP.
 HTTP (World Wide Web)
Hyper Text transfer protocol (HTTP) is the protocol used by web server
to allow web pages to be shown in a web browser if you look up in to
the address bar of your web browser, the place where you type in the
address that you want to visit, it has the prefix http:// in front of the
address. Because most web browsers are capable of FTP as well as
viewing web pages, the HTTP tells the browser what kind of information
to expect.
 Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) is used for serving UseNet
posts UseNet is similar to the forums that many web sites have.
3. Attenuation is the general term that refers to any reduction in the
strength of a signal. Attenuation occurs with any type of signal,
whether digital or analog sometimes called a loss, attenuation is a
natural consequence of signal transmission over long distances.
4. Crosstalk is a signal transmission issue that causes a disruption in
another circuit or channel.
When crosstalk occurs, it is difficult to transmit data over a network or
the network card receives lots of lost packets
REFERENCES
1.^ab “Ethernet cable identification”
Donutey.com.archived from the original on
206-0.3-06
2.“data cabling-total solution computing”
retrieved 2017-04-30
3.“new global standard for fully networked
home.” International telecommunication
union.2008-12-12 retrieved 2018-0.2-16.

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UGANDA MARTYRS UNIVERSITY

NAME: MUTUNGI FELIX

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