Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)

CheGuide.com Project E-101

Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5

Hot Stream
Flow Kg/h 120000 120000 120000 120000 120000
Inlet Temperature °C 104 104 104 104 104
Outlet Temperature °C 85.11 85.11 85.11 85.11 85.11
Density Kg/m³ 578 578 578 578 578
Viscosity cP 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Specific Heat Kcal/Kg.°C 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63
Thermal Conductivity Kcal/m.h.°C 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
Viscosity at Wall temperature cP 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Allowable Pressure Drop bar 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Fouling Factor m².h.°C/Kcal 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004

Cold Stream
Flow Kg/h 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000
Inlet Temperature °C 40 40 40 40 40
Outlet Temperature °C 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
Density Kg/m³ 716 716 716 716 716
Viscosity cP 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62
Specific Heat Kcal/Kg.°C 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51
Thermal Conductivity Kcal/m.h.°C 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11
Viscosity at Wall temperature cP 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59
Allowable Pressure Drop bar 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Fouling Factor m².h.°C/Kcal 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005

Page 1 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Select Tube Side Hot Fluid Hot Fluid Hot Fluid Hot Fluid Hot Fluid

Mechanical Data
Tube Side Data
Number of Passes Tube_Pass 2 2 2 2 2
Number of Tubes Nt 414 414 414 414 414
Tube Length Tube_L m 4.267 4 4.1 4.2 5
Tube Outside Diameter do mm 19.05 19.05 19.05 19.05 19.05
Tube Thickness thick BWG 14 14 14 14 14
mm 2.1080 2.1080 2.1080 2.1080 2.1080
Tube Inside Diameter di mm 14.83400 14.83400 14.83400 14.83400 14.83400
Tube Pitch Layout 30 30 30 30 30
Tube Pitch Ratio 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25
Tube Pitch mm 23.81 23.81 23.81 23.81 23.81
Tube Material Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Carbon Steel Carbon Steel

Shell Side Data

Number of Passes Shell_Pass 1 1 1 1 1
Shell Inside Diameter Ds mm 609 609 609 609 609
Bundle-Shell Diameteral Clear. ΔB mm 15.55 15.55 15.55 15.55 15.55
Shell Outer Tube Limit DOTL mm 593.46 593.46 593.46 593.46 593.46
Central Baffle Spacing LBC mm 234 234 234 234 234

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 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Inlet Baffle Spacing LBIN mm 234 234 234 234 234

Outlet Baffle Spacing LBOUT mm 234 234 234 234 234
Segemental Baffle Cut Bc % 25 25 25 25 25
Height of Baffle Cut Lc mm 152.25 152.25 152.25 152.25 152.25
Diametral Shell-Baffle Clearance DSB mm 5.54 5.54 5.54 5.54 5.54
Number of Sealing Strips Nss 2 2 2 2 2
Diametral Tube-Baffle Clearance LTB mm 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Tube Sheet Thickness LS mm 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.9 60.9

Result Summary
Log Mean Temperature Difference LMTD °C 44.55 44.55 44.55 44.55 44.55
LMTD Correction Factor Ft 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674
Corrected LMTD °C 43.10 43.10 43.10 43.10 43.10
Heat Duty Q Kcal/h 1428000 1428000 1428000 1428000 1428000
Temperature Wall TWall °C 77.66 77.66 77.66 77.66 77.66
Heat Exchanger Area Required ARequired m² 73.99 73.99 73.99 73.99 73.99
Heat Exchanger Area Available AAvailable m² 102.70 96.09 98.57 101.04 120.87
Heat Transfer Coefficient UClean Kcal/m².h.°C 750.06 750.06 750.06 750.06 750.06
UDirty Kcal/m².h.°C 447.78 447.78 447.78 447.78 447.78
URequired Kcal/m².h.°C 322.58 344.79 336.12 327.88 274.11
Over Surface % 132.518 117.541 123.150 128.759 173.634
Over Design % 38.812 29.871 33.220 36.569 63.359

Page 3 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Detailed Calculation
Tube Side
Flow Kg/h 120000 120000 120000 120000 120000
Inlet Temperature t_inlet °C 104.00 104.00 104.00 104.00 104.00
Outlet Temperature t_outlet °C 85.11 85.11 85.11 85.11 85.11
Density Kg/m³ 578.00 578.00 578.00 578.00 578.00
Viscosity cP 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Specific Heat Kcal/Kg.°C 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63 0.63
Thermal Conductivity Kcal/m.h.°C 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08
Viscosity at Wall temperature cP 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
Allowable Pressure Drop bar 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Fouling Factor m².h.°C/Kcal 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004

Shell Side
Flow Kg/h 140000 140000 140000 140000 140000
Inlet Temperature T_inlet °C 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00
Outlet Temperature T_outlet °C 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00 60.00
Density Kg/m³ 716.00 716.00 716.00 716.00 716.00
Viscosity cP 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62 0.62
Specific Heat Kcal/Kg.°C 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51 0.51

Page 4 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Thermal Conductivity Kcal/m.h.°C 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

Viscosity at Wall temperature cP 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59
Allowable Pressure Drop bar 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
Fouling Factor m².h.°C/Kcal 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005

Shell Side Heat Transfer Coefficient

Effective Pitch PT,eff mm 23.81 23.81 23.81 23.81 23.81
Cross Flow area Sm m² 0.0305 0.0305 0.0305 0.0305 0.0305
Mass Velocity GS Kg/m².s 1274.2 1274.2 1274.2 1274.2 1274.2
Reynold's Number ReS 39152 39152 39152 39152 39152
Prandtl Number PrS 10.35 10.35 10.35 10.35 10.35
j-Ideal Factor Coefficients a1 0.321 0.321 0.321 0.321 0.321
a2 -0.388 -0.388 -0.388 -0.388 -0.388
a3 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45
a4 0.519 0.519 0.519 0.519 0.519
a 0.0416 0.0416 0.0416 0.0416 0.0416
j-ideal Factor j 5.3E-03 5.3E-03 5.3E-03 5.3E-03 5.3E-03
Ideal heat transfer coefficient hIdeal Kcal/m².h.°C 2637.5 2637.5 2637.5 2637.5 2637.5
Correction factor for Baffle Window Flow
Intermediate θCTL 2.024 2.024 2.024 2.024 2.024
Fw 0.179 0.179 0.179 0.179 0.179
Fraction of tubes in crossflow Fc 0.642 0.642 0.642 0.642 0.642
Baffle Cut Correction Factor Jc 1.012 1.012 1.012 1.012 1.012

Page 5 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Correction factor for Baffle Leakage

Baffle window angle θDS 2.094 2.094 2.094 2.094 2.094
Shell to baffle leakage area SSB m² 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007
Tube to baffle leakage area STB m² 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004
Ratio of leakage area to cross flow rL 0.366 0.366 0.366 0.366 0.366
Ratio of shell-baffle to total area rS 0.632 0.632 0.632 0.632 0.632
Baffle leakage correction Factor JL 0.536 0.536 0.536 0.536 0.536

Correction factor for Bundle Bypass

Tube row distance in flow direction PP mm 20.622 20.622 20.622 20.622 20.622
Number of tube rows between baffle NTCC 15 15 15 15 15
Ratio of sealing strips to tube rows rSS 0.135 0.135 0.135 0.135 0.135
Bundle bypass flow area SB m² 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001
Correlation Constant CJ 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25
Bundle bypass correction factor JB 0.980 0.980 0.980 0.980 0.980

Correction factor for adverse temperature gradient

Number of tube rows crosses NTCW 5.235 5.235 5.235 5.235 5.235
Number of Baffles NB 16 15 16 16 19
Tube rows crossed in entire exchanger NC 340.01 320.01 340.01 340.01 400.02
Correction factor for Laminar Flow JRL 0.53 0.54 0.53 0.53 0.51

Page 6 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Correction factor JR 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Correction factor for unequal baffle spacing

Factor used for equation n1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Correction factor JS 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000

Shell Side heat transfer coefficient hS Kcal/m².h.°C 1403.3 1403.3 1403.3 1403.3 1403.3

Tube Side Heat Transfer Coefficient

Flow area aTube m² 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358
Velocity through a tube v m/s 1.612 1.612 1.612 1.612 1.612
Reynold's Number ReT 86385 86385 86385 86385 86385
Prandtl Number PrT 4.536 4.536 4.536 4.536 4.536
Effective Tube Length LEffective m 4.145 3.878 3.978 4.078 4.878
Nusselt Number Calculation
Laminar Flow, Sieder -Tate Equation NuLaminar 20.82 21.29 21.11 20.93 19.72
Turbulent Flow, Petukhov-Kirillov f 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046 0.0046
NuTurb 425.95 425.95 425.95 425.95 425.95
Transition Flow NuRe=2300 6.22 6.36 6.30 6.25 5.89
fRe=10000 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079 0.0079
NuRe=10000 73 73 73 73 73
NuTrans. 731.84 730.46 730.99 731.51 735.10

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 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Selected Nusslet's Number NuTube 425.95 425.95 425.95 425.95 425.95

Tube side heat transfer coefficient ht Kcal/m².h.°C 2297.2 2297.2 2297.2 2297.2 2297.2

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient

Wall Temperature T_Wall °C 77.66 77.66 77.66 77.66 77.66
Tube wall conductivity k_tube Kcal/m.h.°C 38.69 38.69 38.69 38.69 38.69
Wall Resistance Rw m².h.°C/Kcal 0.000062 0.000062 0.000062 0.000062 0.000062
Overall H.T.C Clean UClean Kcal/m².h.°C 750.06 750.06 750.06 750.06 750.06
Overall H.T.C Dirty UDirty Kcal/m².h.°C 447.78 447.78 447.78 447.78 447.78

Shell Side Pressure Drop

Ideal Tube Band friction factor
f-Ideal Factor Coefficients b1 0.372 0.372 0.372 0.372 0.372
b2 -0.123 -0.123 -0.123 -0.123 -0.123
b3 7 7 7 7 7
b4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
b 0.244 0.244 0.244 0.244 0.244
f-ideal Factor f 0.1029 0.1029 0.1029 0.1029 0.1029
Ideal tube bank pressure drop ΔPideal bar 0.0684 0.0684 0.0684 0.0684 0.0684

Correction factor for Baffle Leakage

Factor p 0.555 0.555 0.555 0.555 0.555
Correction factor RL 0.2887 0.2887 0.2887 0.2887 0.2887

Page 8 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Pressure drop for an ideal window section

Gross window area SWG m² 0.0569 0.0569 0.0569 0.0569 0.0569
Window area occupied with tubes SWT m² 0.0211 0.0211 0.0211 0.0211 0.0211
Net Cross flow area SW m² 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358 0.0358
Mass velocity baffle window GW Kg/m².s 1176.22 1176.22 1176.22 1176.22 1176.22
Hydraulic diameter baffle window Dw m 0.0251 0.0251 0.0251 0.0251 0.0251
For Re >= 100 ΔPW, Turbulent bar 0.2294 0.2151 0.2294 0.2294 0.2724
For Re < 100 ΔPW, Laminar bar 0.4635 0.4346 0.4635 0.4635 0.5504
Pressure Drop in Baffle Windows ΔPW bar 0.2294 0.2151 0.2294 0.2294 0.2724

Correction factor for Bundle Bypass effect

Constant CR 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7
Correction factor RB 0.9415 0.9415 0.9415 0.9415 0.9415

Correction for unequal baffle spacing inlet/ outlet

Slope of friction factor curve n 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Correction factor RS 2 2 2 2 2

Shell Side Pressure Drop (Excluding nozzles)

Pressure Drop in Central Baffle Spaces ΔPC bar 0.2789 0.2603 0.2789 0.2789 0.3346
Pressure Drop in Baffle Windows ΔPW bar 0.2294 0.2151 0.2294 0.2294 0.2724
Pressure Drop in Entrance/ Exit Baffles ΔPE bar 0.1745 0.1745 0.1745 0.1745 0.1745

Page 9 of 10
 Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger Rating (Bell Delaware Method)
CheGuide.com Project E-101
Chemical Engineer's Guide Description Feed Heat Exchanger
Date 26-March-2017
User Input By CheGuide

Total Pressure Drop ΔPS,Total bar 0.6827 0.6498 0.6827 0.6827 0.7815

Tube Side Pressure Drop ΔPT,Total bar 0.1403 0.1353 0.1371 0.1390 0.1541

LMTD Calculation
Temperature Difference 1 : T_inlet - t_outlet -45.1 -45.1 -45.1 -45.1 -45.1
Temperature Difference 2: T_outlet - t_inlet -44.0 -44.0 -44.0 -44.0 -44.0
LMTD 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6 44.6
R 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06 1.06
S 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
Factor 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46 1.46
LMTD Correction Factor 1 Shell - 2 Tube Passes Ft 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674 0.9674
LMTD Corrected 43.10 43.10 43.10 43.10 43.10

Area Calculation
Heat Duty Kcal/h 1428000 1428000 1428000 1428000 1428000
Area Required m² 73.99 73.99 73.99 73.99 73.99
Area Available m² 102.70 96.09 98.57 101.04 120.87
U Required Kcal/m².h.°C 322.58 344.79 336.12 327.88 274.11
Over Surface % 132.518 117.541 123.150 128.759 173.634
Over Design % 38.812 29.871 33.220 36.569 63.359

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