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    Additional Topics in Integration: Calculus With Business Applications II Math 1690

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    1) The document discusses integration by parts and provides examples of using the integration by parts formula to evaluate integrals of the form ∫f(x)g'(x) dx. 2) It also discusses using tables of integrals to evaluate integrals by identifying them as standard forms and applying the corresponding formulas from the tables. Examples are provided to demonstrate this process. 3) The homework assigned is to complete problems using integration by parts from the textbook.

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    Additional Topics in Integration: Calculus With Business Applications II Math 1690

    Uploaded by

    davogezu
    113 views15 pages
    1) The document discusses integration by parts and provides examples of using the integration by parts formula to evaluate integrals of the form ∫f(x)g'(x) dx. 2) It also discusses using tables of integrals to evaluate integrals by identifying them as standard forms and applying the corresponding formulas from the tables. Examples are provided to demonstrate this process. 3) The homework assigned is to complete problems using integration by parts from the textbook.

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    1) The document discusses integration by parts and provides examples of using the integration by parts formula to evaluate integrals of the form ∫f(x)g'(x) dx. 2) It also discusses using tables of integrals to evaluate integrals by identifying them as standard forms and applying the corresponding formulas from the tables. Examples are provided to demonstrate this process. 3) The homework assigned is to complete problems using integration by parts from the textbook.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    113 views15 pages

    Additional Topics in Integration: Calculus With Business Applications II Math 1690

    Uploaded by

    davogezu
    1) The document discusses integration by parts and provides examples of using the integration by parts formula to evaluate integrals of the form ∫f(x)g'(x) dx. 2) It also discusses using tables of integrals to evaluate integrals by identifying them as standard forms and applying the corresponding formulas from the tables. Examples are provided to demonstrate this process. 3) The homework assigned is to complete problems using integration by parts from the textbook.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    7.

    Additional Topics in Integration

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690

    Spring 2011

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.1 Integration By Parts
    We know from the product rule that
    d 0 0
    [f (x)g (x)] = f (x)g (x) + g (x)f (x)
    dx
    if we integrate both sides with respect to x, we obtain
    Z Z Z
    d 0 0
    f (x)g (x)dx = f (x)g (x)dx + g (x)f (x)dx
    dx
    Z Z
    0
    f (x)g (x) = f (x)g (x)dx + g (x)f 0 (x)dx

    This last equation, which may be written in the form


    Z Z
    0 0
    f (x)g (x)dx = f (x)g (x) − g (x)f (x)dx

    is called the formula for integration by parts.


    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration
    7.1 Integration By Parts (Contd.)
    0
    If we let u = f (x), dv = g (x)dx then the above integration by
    parts formula can be written as
    Z Z
    udv = uv − vdu

    Example 1. Evaluate xe 2x dx.


    R

    Solution
    Let
    u = x and dv = e 2x dx
    so that
    1
    du = dx and v = e 2x
    2
    Therefore, using the formula for integration by parts
    Z Z Z Z
    1 1
    xe 2x dx = udv = uv − vdu = xe 2x − e 2x dx
    2 2

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.1 Integration By Parts (Contd.)

    which we finally get


    1 2x 1
    e (x − ) + C
    2 2
    .
    Example 2. Evaluate x 3 e x dx.
    R

    Solution
    We start off by choosing u and dv as we always would. However,
    instead of computing du and v we put these into the following
    table. We then differentiate down the column corresponding to u
    until we hit zero. In the column corresponding to dv we integrate
    once for each entry in the first column. There is also a third
    column it always starts with a + and then alternates signs as
    shown.
    Let
    u = x 3 and dv = e x dx

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.1 Integration By Parts (Contd.)

    x3 ex +
    3x 2 e x −
    6x ex +
    6 ex −
    0 ex +
    Now, multiply along the diagonal. In front of each product put the
    sign in the third column that corresponds to the u term for that
    product. In this case this would give,

    x 3 e x − 3x 2 e x + 6xe x − 6e x + C = e x (x 3 − 3x 2 + 6x − 6) + C .
    R
    Example 3. Evaluate xlnxdx.

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.1 Integration By Parts (Contd.)
    Solution
    Letting
    u = lnx and dv = xdx
    we have
    1 1
    du = dx and v = x 2
    x 2
    Therefore,
    Z Z Z
    xlnxdx = udv = uv − vdu
    Z
    1 2 1 2 1
    = x lnx − x . dx
    2 2 x
    Z
    1 1
    = x 2 lnx − xdx
    2 2
    1 1 1
    = x 2 lnx − x 2 + C = x 2 (2lnx − 1) + C .
    2 4 4
    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration
    7.1 Integration By Parts (Contd.)

    Remark: Guidelines for Choosing u and dv


    Choose u and dv so that
    1. du is simpler than u
    2. dv is easy to integrate.

    HOMEWORK: Section 7.1 on page 488, problems 3, 17, 23, 31.

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals

    Table of Integrals can be found on Pages 491 and 492 of the text
    book. Let us start with solving Examples.
    3x 2
    R
    Example 1. Use the table of integrals to find 2+4x dx.
    Solution
    R 3x 2 R x2
    We first write 2+4x dx = 32 1+2x dx.
    Table 2 tells us that

    u2
    Z
    1
    du = 3 [(a + bu)2 − 4a(a + bu) + 2a2 ln|a + bu|] + C .
    a + bu 2b

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    Here,
    a = 1 and b = 2
    Using table 2 we have the following:

    x2
    Z
    3 3 1
    dx = [(1 + 2x)2 − 4(1 + 2x) + 2ln|1 + 2x|] + C
    2 1 + 2x 2 2(2)3
    3
    = [(1 + 2x)2 − 4(1 + 2x) + 2ln|1 + 2x|] + C .
    32
    √
    x 2 9 + 4x 2 dx.
    R
    Example 2. Use the table of integrals to find
    Solution
    We first write

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    Z Z r
    2
    p 9 2
    x 9+ 4x 2 dx = 4( + x 2 )dx
    x
    4
    Z r
    9
    = 2 x2 + x 2 dx
    4
    Table 8 tells us that
    a4
    Z p u p p
    u 2 a2 + u 2 du = (a2 +2u 2 ) a2 + u 2 − ln|u+ a2 + u 2 |+C .
    8 8
    Here,
    3
    a=
    2
    and using table 8 we have the following
    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration
    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    Z Z r
    2
    p 9 2
    x 9+ 4x 2 dx + x 2 dx
    =2 x
    4
    r r
    x 9 2 9 2
    81 9
    = ( + 2x ) + x − ln|x + + x 2| + C .
    4 4 4 64 4
    R 2 dx
    Example 3. Use the table of integrals to evaluate 0 √9+4x 2
    .
    Solution
    First find the indefinite integral
    Z
    dx
    I = √
    9 + 4x 2

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)
    Write Z Z
    dx 1 dx
    I = √ = q
    9 + 4x 2 2 9
    + x2
    4

    Table 9 tells us that


    Z
    du p
    √ = ln|u + a2 + u 2 | + C
    a2 + u 2
    Here,
    3
    a=
    2
    and using table 9 we have the following
    Z r
    1 dx 1 9
    I = q = ln|x + + x 2| + C .
    2 9 2 2 4
    4 +x

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    Using The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

    r
    Z 2
    dx 1 9
    √ = ln|x + + x 2 | + C |20
    0 9 + 4x 2 2 4
    r r
    1 9 1 9
    = ln|2 + + 22 | − ln|0 + + 02 |
    2 4 2 4
    1 9 1 3
    = ln − ln
    2 2 2 2
    1
    = ln3.
    2

    e 2x
    R
    Example 4. Use the table of integrals to find (1+3e x )2
    dx

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    Solution
    First let
    u = e x so that du = e x dx
    We have
    e 2x
    Z Z
    u
    dx = du
    (1 + 3e x )2 (1 + 3u)2
    Table 3 tells us that
    Z
    u 1 a
    2
    du = 2 ( + ln|a + bu|) + C
    (a + bu) b a + bu

    Here,
    a = 1 and b = 3
    and using table 3 we have the following

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration


    7.2 Integration Using Tables of Integrals(Contd.)

    e 2x
    Z Z
    u
    dx = du
    (1 + 3e x )2 (1 + 3u)2
    1 1
    = ( + ln|1 + 3u|) + C
    9 1 + 3u
    1 1
    = ( + ln|1 + 3e x |) + C .
    9 1 + 3e x

    HOMEWORK: Section 7.2 page 496 problems 1, 7, 11, 23, 35.

    Calculus with Business Applications II Math 1690 7. Additional Topics in Integration

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