This document defines and provides formulas for many common physical quantities used in mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. It lists the quantity, its definition, typical formula, common units, and dimensional analysis. Some fundamental quantities include length, time, mass, electric charge. Derived quantities include velocity, acceleration, force, energy, current, voltage. Quantities are related through consistent dimensional analysis involving combinations of fundamental dimensions like length, time, mass, charge, and temperature.
This document defines and provides formulas for many common physical quantities used in mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. It lists the quantity, its definition, typical formula, common units, and dimensional analysis. Some fundamental quantities include length, time, mass, electric charge. Derived quantities include velocity, acceleration, force, energy, current, voltage. Quantities are related through consistent dimensional analysis involving combinations of fundamental dimensions like length, time, mass, charge, and temperature.
This document defines and provides formulas for many common physical quantities used in mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. It lists the quantity, its definition, typical formula, common units, and dimensional analysis. Some fundamental quantities include length, time, mass, electric charge. Derived quantities include velocity, acceleration, force, energy, current, voltage. Quantities are related through consistent dimensional analysis involving combinations of fundamental dimensions like length, time, mass, charge, and temperature.
This document defines and provides formulas for many common physical quantities used in mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. It lists the quantity, its definition, typical formula, common units, and dimensional analysis. Some fundamental quantities include length, time, mass, electric charge. Derived quantities include velocity, acceleration, force, energy, current, voltage. Quantities are related through consistent dimensional analysis involving combinations of fundamental dimensions like length, time, mass, charge, and temperature.
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Physical Quantities
Quantity Definition Formula Units Dimensions
Length or Distance fundamental d m (meter) L (Length) Time fundamental t s (second) T (Time) Mass fundamental m kg (kilogram) M (Mass) Area distance2 A = d2 m2 L2 Volume distance3 V = d3 m3 L3 Density mass / volume d = m/V kg/m3 M/L3 Velocity distance / time v = d/t m/s L/T c (speed of light) Basic Mechanical
Acceleration velocity / time a = v/t m/s2 L/T2
Momentum mass × velocity p = m·v kg·m/s ML/T Force mass × acceleration F = m·a N (newton) = kg·m/s2 ML/T2 Weight mass × acceleration of gravity W = m·g Pressure or Stress force / area p = F/A Pa (pascal) = N/m2 = kg/(m·s2) M/LT2 Energy or Work force × distance E = F·d J (joule) = N·m = kg·m2/s2 ML2/T2 Kinetic Energy mass × velocity2 / 2 KE = m·v2/2 Potential Energy mass × acceleration of gravity PE = m·g·h × height Power energy / time P = E/t W (watt) = J/s = kg·m2/s3 ML2/T3 Impulse force × time I = F·t N·s = kg·m/s ML/T Action energy × time S = E·t J·s = kg·m2/s ML2/T momentum × distance S = p·d h (quantum of action) Angle fundamental θ ° (degree), rad (radian), rev dimensionless 360° = 2π rad = 1 rev Cycles fundamental n cyc (cycles) dimensionless Rotational Mechanical
Frequency cycles / time f = n/t Hz (hertz) = cyc/s = 1/s 1/T
Angular Velocity angle / time ω = θ/t rad/s = 1/s 1/T Angular Acceleration angular velocity / time α = ω/t rad/s2 = 1/s2 1/T2 Moment of Inertia mass × radius2 I = m·r2 kg·m2 ML2 Angular Momentum radius × momentum L = r·p J·s = kg·m2/s ML2/T moment of inertia L = I·ω ħ (quantum of angular momentum) × angular velocity Torque or Moment radius × force τ = r·F N·m = kg·m2/s2 ML2/T2 moment of inertia τ = I·α × angular acceleration Temperature fundamental T °C (celsius), K (kelvin) K (Temp.) Thermal
Heat heat energy Q J (joule) = kg·m2/s2 ML2/T2
Entropy heat / temperature S = Q/T J/K ML2/T2K
Electric Charge +/− fundamental q C (coulomb) C (Charge)
e (elementary charge) Current charge / time i = q/t A (amp) = C/s C/T Voltage or Potential energy / charge V = E/q V (volt) = J/C ML2/CT2 Electromagnetic
Resistance voltage / current R = V/i Ω (ohm) = V/A ML2/C2T
Capacitance charge / voltage C = q/V F (farad) = C/V C2T2/ML2 Inductance voltage / (current / time) L = V/(i/t) H (henry) = V·s/A ML2/T2 Electric Field voltage / distance E = V/d V/m = N/C ML/CT2 force / charge E = F/q Electric Flux electric field × area ΦE = E·A V·m = N·m2/C ML3/CT2 Magnetic Field force / (charge × velocity) B = F/q·v T (tesla) = Wb/m2 = N·s/(C·m) M/CT Magnetic Flux magnetic field × area ΦM = B·A Wb (weber) = V·s = J·s/C ML2/CT Note: Other conventions define different quantities to be fundamental. Mass, energy, momentum, angular momentum, and charge are conserved, which means the total amount does not change in an isolated system. thinkzone.wlonk.com