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    For (Int Outer 0 Outer 12 Outer++) - ( - If (Outer 3) - Continue - System - Out.println (Outer) - If (Outer 7) - Break - )

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    cyberbyb
    The document discusses various Java programming concepts including break and continue statements, switch statements, arrays, multidimensional arrays, enhanced for loops, packages, import statements, and access modifiers. Break and continue statements change the normal flow of a compound statement, switch statements provide an alternative to multiple if-else statements, and arrays are collections of similar data types that can be one or multi-dimensional.

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    For (Int Outer 0 Outer 12 Outer++) - ( - If (Outer 3) - Continue - System - Out.println (Outer) - If (Outer 7) - Break - )

    Uploaded by

    cyberbyb
    22 views14 pages
    The document discusses various Java programming concepts including break and continue statements, switch statements, arrays, multidimensional arrays, enhanced for loops, packages, import statements, and access modifiers. Break and continue statements change the normal flow of a compound statement, switch statements provide an alternative to multiple if-else statements, and arrays are collections of similar data types that can be one or multi-dimensional.

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    278447d2-24fa-4560-8dd4-c57549f1a5d4

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    The document discusses various Java programming concepts including break and continue statements, switch statements, arrays, multidimensional arrays, enhanced for loops, packages, import statements, and access modifiers. Break and continue statements change the normal flow of a compound statement, switch statements provide an alternative to multiple if-else statements, and arrays are collections of similar data types that can be one or multi-dimensional.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    22 views14 pages

    For (Int Outer 0 Outer 12 Outer++) - ( - If (Outer 3) - Continue - System - Out.println (Outer) - If (Outer 7) - Break - )

    Uploaded by

    cyberbyb
    The document discusses various Java programming concepts including break and continue statements, switch statements, arrays, multidimensional arrays, enhanced for loops, packages, import statements, and access modifiers. Break and continue statements change the normal flow of a compound statement, switch statements provide an alternative to multiple if-else statements, and arrays are collections of similar data types that can be one or multi-dimensional.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    Break and Continue statements

    • Break and Continue statements are used to change the


    normal flow of compound statement.
    • The break statement immediately jumps to the end of
    the compound statement.
    • The continue statement immediately jumps to the next
    iteration of the compound statement.
    • for (int outer=0; outer< 12; outer++)
    • {
    • if(outer ==3)
    • continue;
    • System.out.println(outer);
    • if(outer ==7)
    • break;
    • }
    Switch statement
    • Switch statement is the shorthand for multiple ‘if-else’ statement,
    which allow us to choose a single path from a number of execution
    path.
    • Switch statement works with char, short, byte, int and String.
    • switch(x)
    • {
    • case 1:
    • System.out.println("case1");
    • break;
    • case 2:
    • System.out.println("case2");
    • break;
    • case 3:
    • System.out.println("case 3");
    • break;
    • Default
    • System.out.println(“default case”)
    • }
    • Arrays are the collection of similar datatypes.
    • Each variable in an array is known as ‘array
    element.
    • Each variable of array is referenced by a particular
    integer number which is known as ‘array index’.
    • The total number variables in array decide the
    length of the array.
    Declaration and initialization of array
    • In java array is an object, therefore it is declared
    and initializes like an object.
    • Declaration of array variable:
    int[] array;
    • Constructing the array:
    new int[(length of the array)];
    • Assigning array to array variable:
    array = new int[(length of the array)];
    • Initialization of array:
    Array[0] = 34;
    • Declaration and initialization in single line:
    Int[] array = { 34, 56, 7, 23, 34,};
    Initialization of array using loop
    • Arrays can be initialized by using loops.
    • int [] array = new int[34];
    • for (int i=0;i<array.length;i++)
    • {
    • array[i]=i;
    • System.out.println(array[i]);
    • }
    Multidimensional arrays
    • Multi-dimensional arrays are nothing but the
    “array of arrays” where each element represents
    a single dimensional array.

    • Here ‘myArray’ is a 2-d array, whose each


    element contains a single dimensional array.
    Initialization and declaration of 2-d array
    • for(int i=0;i<myArray2.length;i++)
    • {
    • for (int j= 0; j<myArray2[i].length;j++ )
    • {
    • myArray2[i][j]= j;
    • }
    • }
    • for (int i=0; i<myArray2.length;i++)
    • {
    • for (int j=0 ; j<myArray2[i].length; j++)
    • {
    • System.out.print(myArray2[i][j] + "\t");
    • //System.out.print("\t");
    • }
    • System.out.println();
    • }
    Enhanced for loop
    • “Enhanced for loop” is introduced in java 5, in
    order to simply the way to iterate a collection or
    array.
    • In this the loop continues till the last element of
    the collection or array.
    • for (int y : array)
    • {
    • System.out.print(y);
    • }
    Enhanced for loop for 2-d array
    • for(int[] x : myArray2)
    • {
    • for (int y : x)
    • {
    • System.out.print(y + "\t");
    • }
    • System.out.println();
    • }
    Packages in java
    • A package is the grouping of related types
    providing access protection and named space
    management.
    • Packages are created by using the keyword
    “package” and it should be first line of the
    source file.
    • In order to use classes of other
    packages we have to use “import”
    statements.
    Using import to access packages
    • package package1;

    • public class demoTest {


    • public void go()
    • {
    • System.out.println("in different package");
    • }
    • }
    • import package1.*;
    • public class Test {
    • int x = 6;
    • public static void main(String[] args)
    • {
    demoTest t = new demoTest();
    • t.go();
    • }
    • }
    Access Modifiers in java

    • Access modifiers specifies access level of a


    java component.
    • Access modifiers can be divided into two
    categories:
    1) Class level
    2) Member level
    Class level access modifiers
    • Public :
    If a class is marked as public then it is accessible
    anywhere in java world.
    Public class demo {}
    • Default:
    If a class have no modifier, then it will be marked as
    ‘default’ implicitly, then it is accessible in it’s
    package only
    Class demo()
    Class Member level access modifier
    • Public:
    If a member is marked as public then it is accessible in
    whole java world.
    • Default:
    If a member have no modifier, then it will be marked as
    ‘default’ implicitly, and accessible in it’s package only.
    • Protected:
    If a member is marked as protected then it is accessible in
    it’s package. It is also accessible outside the package
    but through “inheritance” only.(????)
    • Private:
    If a member is marked as private then it is accessible in
    it’s class only.

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