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Water Boosting Pumps

Systems, Pressure and Pump Types Explained

Negative Head Systems Universal Pumps Standard Pumps


A negative head system exists when there is Universal pumps operate in positive or negative Standard pumps operate under positive head
insufficient pressure or head of water under head conditions and do not require a gravity conditions only. A standard pump is operated
gravity to provide a flow / pressure at the flow to start, incorporating both a pressure by a flow switch, automatically starting when
outlet. Typically a negative head condition and flow switch. The pump automatically starts a gravity flow of water greater than 0.6-0.8
exists where the flow from the outlet is less when the pressure switch detects a drop in ltrs/min through the outlet is detected. The
than 1 litre/min. pressure when an outlet is opened. The flow pump will automatically stop when the outlet
switch keeps the pump running as long as is closed and the flow
there is sufficient a flow of ceases.
water. When the flow stops,
the pump continues to run
Positive Head Systems for 3 seconds allowing the
A positive head system exists when sufficient system to re-pressurise.
pressure is available under gravity to provide
a flow at the outlet. Typically a positive head
condition exists where the flow from the
outlet is more than 1 litre/min.
Peripheral Pumps Centrifugal Pumps
In a peripheral pump water is circulated A centrifugal pump draws water into the centre
and gains pressure around the periphery of the impeller where rotation throws the
of the pump head. Peripheral pumps are water out under force to generate pressure.
Pressures compact and system friendly as they tolerate Centrifugal pumps are designed to produce
Pumps are rated in ‘bar ’ which is the measure of pressure, 1 bar pressure being equal to 10 metres static high hot water temperatures and air within good flow at nominal pressure. Higher
head of water. Generally the higher the bar rating the higher the performance. However it is important to match the system to a greater extent than an pressures are achieved by using multiple
the correct size of pump with the application to ensure optimum performance. equivalent centrifugal pump. They are ideal impellers within the same pump head, where
for applications where higher the pressure generated by the
The following can be used as a general guide for applications: pressures with nominal flows first impeller is fed into a second
• 1.0 bar pressure = Low boost are required. impeller and so on, this is called
staging. Larger Centrifugal
• 1.5 – 3.0 bar pressure = Medium boost
pumps are therefore termed as
• 3.0 bar pressure + = High boost multistage.

Twin pumps Single pumps Automatic Flow Switch Boostamatic Pressure Switch
Twin pumps are designed Single pumps are designed to Designed to provide a constant Designed to provide a fully
to boost both hot and cold boost single water supplies; water supply from a break tank, automated pressurised water
water supplies equally. hot, cold or pre- mixed. these units rely on gravity flow supply.
to activate. Features include
fully automatic control with dry
run protection.

www.stuart-turner.co.uk

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