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    Table 1. Characteristic IR Absorption Peaks of Functional Groups Vibration Position (CM) Intensity Notes Alkanes Alkenes

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    DrBipin Devani
    This document contains two tables summarizing characteristic infrared absorption peaks of different functional groups. Table 1 lists vibration types, position ranges in wavenumbers, intensity, and notes for groups such as alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, alcohols, amines, and others. Table 2 provides more detail on out-of-plane C-H bending vibrations in alkenes and aromatic compounds based on substitution patterns. The tables serve as a reference for interpreting infrared spectra by linking functional group vibrations to their predicted infrared absorption regions.

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    Table 1. Characteristic IR Absorption Peaks of Functional Groups Vibration Position (CM) Intensity Notes Alkanes Alkenes

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    DrBipin Devani
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    This document contains two tables summarizing characteristic infrared absorption peaks of different functional groups. Table 1 lists vibration types, position ranges in wavenumbers, intensity, and notes for groups such as alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, alcohols, amines, and others. Table 2 provides more detail on out-of-plane C-H bending vibrations in alkenes and aromatic compounds based on substitution patterns. The tables serve as a reference for interpreting infrared spectra by linking functional group vibrations to their predicted infrared absorption regions.

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    This document contains two tables summarizing characteristic infrared absorption peaks of different functional groups. Table 1 lists vibration types, position ranges in wavenumbers, intensity, and notes for groups such as alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, alcohols, amines, and others. Table 2 provides more detail on out-of-plane C-H bending vibrations in alkenes and aromatic compounds based on substitution patterns. The tables serve as a reference for interpreting infrared spectra by linking functional group vibrations to their predicted infrared absorption regions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    124 views2 pages

    Table 1. Characteristic IR Absorption Peaks of Functional Groups Vibration Position (CM) Intensity Notes Alkanes Alkenes

    Uploaded by

    DrBipin Devani
    This document contains two tables summarizing characteristic infrared absorption peaks of different functional groups. Table 1 lists vibration types, position ranges in wavenumbers, intensity, and notes for groups such as alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, alcohols, amines, and others. Table 2 provides more detail on out-of-plane C-H bending vibrations in alkenes and aromatic compounds based on substitution patterns. The tables serve as a reference for interpreting infrared spectra by linking functional group vibrations to their predicted infrared absorption regions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    IR Tables, UCSC

    Table 1. Characteristic IR Absorption Peaks of Functional Groups*

    Vibration Position (cm-1) Intensity* Notes


    Alkanes
    C-H stretch 2990 – 2850 m to s

    Alkenes
    =C-H stretch 3100 – 3000 m
    C=C stretch 1680 – 1620 (sat.) w to m
    1650 – 1600 (conj.)
    =C-H bend 995 – 685 s See Table 2 for detail

    Alkynes
    ≡C-H stretch 3310 – 3200 s
    C≡C stretch 2250 – 2100 m to w

    Aromatic Compounds
    C-H stretch 3100 – 3000 m to w
    C=C stretch 1625 – 1440 m to w Hidden in fingerprint region
    C-H bend 900 – 680 s See Table 2 for detail

    Alcohols**
    O-H stretch 3550 – 3200 br, s Hydrogen bonded (typical)

    Amines
    N-H stretch 3550 – 3250 br, m Primary (two bands)
    Secondary (one band)
    Nitriles
    C≡N stretch 2280 – 2200 s

    Aldehydes
    C-H stretch 2900 – 2800 & s H-C=O Fermi doublet
    2800 – 2700
    C=O stretch 1740 – 1720 (sat.) s
    1715 – 1680 (conj.)
    Ketones
    C=O stretch 1750 – 1705 (sat.) s
    1700 – 1665 (conj.)
    Esters**
    C=O stretch 1765 – 1735 (sat.) s
    1730 – 1715 (conj.)

    Carboxylic Acids**
    O-H stretch 3200 – 2500 br, m to w
    C=O stretch 1725 – 1700 (sat.) s
    1715 – 1680 (conj.)

    Amides
    N-H stretch 3500 – 3150 m Primary (two bands)
    Secondary (one band)
    C=O stretch 1700 – 1630 s
    IR Tables, UCSC

    Table 1 cont’d
    Vibration Position (cm-1) Intensity Notes
    Anhydrides**
    C=O stretch 1850 – 1800 & s
    1790 – 1740

    Acid Chlorides
    C=O stretch 1815 – 1770 s

    Nitro Compounds
    NO2 stretch 1570 – 1490 & s
    1390 – 1300
    Thiols†
    R-S-H stretch 2550 – 2600

    Alkyl & Aryl Halides†


    C-F stretch 1000 – 1400 Hidden in fingerprint region
    C-Cl stretch < 600 – 840
    C-Br stretch < 700
    C-I stretch < 600
    * Abbreviations: s = strong; m = medium; w = weak; br = broad; sat. = saturated; conj. = conjugated
    ** Alcohols, Esters, Carboxylic Acids, and Anhydrides also absorb in the fingerprint region due to the C-O
    stretch (1300 – 1000, s).

    Table 2. Out-of-Plane C-H Bending Vibrations in Alkenes and Aromatics


    Alkene Structure Position (cm-1) Phenyl Structure Position (cm-1)
    Mono-substituted Mono-substituted 770 – 730
    997 – 985
    R H R &
    &
    720 – 680
    915 – 905
    H H
    Disubstituted, trans Disubstituted, ortho
    R H R
    980 – 960 770 – 735
    H R R
    Disubstituted, cis Disubstituted, meta 810 – 750
    R R 730 – 665 R R &
    725 – 680
    H H
    Disubstituted, symm.
    R H
    895 – 885 Disubstituted, para
    R H
    860 – 800
    Trisubstituted
    R R
    R R
    840 – 790
    R H

    *
    Adapted from…Mohrig, J. R.; Hammond, C. N.; Schatz, P. F. “Infrared Spectroscopy” in Techniques in
    Organic Chemistry. Freeman: New York, 2006.
    †
    Palleros, D. R. “Infrared Spectroscopy” in Experimental Organic Chemistry. Wiley: New York, 2000. p.
    688.

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