UNIT 1: FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH (INTERMEDIATE)

SESSION 1: ORDERING FOOD AT A RESTAURANT

Exercise

Given below is a conversation between a waiter and the customer at a restaurant. Imagine thatyou are the
customer. Now fill in the blanks with the statements that you like to make while talkingto the waiter.
1. Waiter :are you ready to place your order, ma‟am/sir?

2. Customer :yes. For___________, i would like to have

3. Waiter :how many?
4. Customer :just one plate will do.
5. Waiter :okay.
6. Customer :for____________________________________, i will have
7. Waiter :okay. Anything else ma‟am/sir?
8. Customer :yes. I would like to order a ____________________________
9. Waiter :okay. One chilly potatoes, one vegetable fried rice, one chicken Manchurian With gravy, and one
chocolate ice-cream. Is that correct, ma‟am?
10. Customer :yes.
11. Waiter :can i get you anything else?
12. Customer :could you get me___________________________?
13. Waiter :sure, ma‟am/sir.
14. Customer :________________________ you. That will be all.
Assessment
Fill in the blanks with the correct articles a, an, and the, wherever necessary.
1. Could you get me _______________ bowl of chicken soup? (a, the).
2. I would like to cancel _______________ (a, the) masala dosai ordered and have
_______________ plate of tandoori chicken with fried rice instead (a, the).
3. I ordered _______________ chocolate ice cream, not strawberry (a, the, no article
Needed).
4. I will have a tomato and mushroom pizza with _______________ cheese topping. (a, the,
No article needed).
5. For dessert, _______________ plate of kheerwill do (a, the, no article needed).
6. I will have _______________ kheerfor dessert (a, the, no article needed).

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7. Our specialty is _______________ tandoori chicken. Do try it (a, the, no article needed).
8. Please get me _______________ glass of water.
9. I would like to have _______________ onion masala dosaand vanilla ice-cream.
10. Excuse me, where is _______________ washroom?

11. What is _______________ specialty of this restaurant?

12. Can i smoke _______________ cigarette here?
13. Can we sit on _______________ upper floor?
14. What is on _______________ menu today?
15. Do you serve _______________ chinese food here?
16. Please give me some _______________ tissue paper.
17. Could you tell me _______________ recipe of this dish?

SESSION 2: MAKING RESOLUTIONS

Exercise

Wish to do in your life.

1. I promise to...
2. I promise i will...
3. I resolve never to...
4. I resolve to...
5. I will try to...
6. I will try my best...
7. I am never going to...
Assessment
From the following options, select and tick the one that is in the simple future tense.
1. I did not smoke.
(a) i will not smoke.

(b) i will not smoking

(c) i will not smoked.
2. I exercise everyday to stay fit and healthy.
(a) i will exercised everyday to stay fit and healthy.
(b) i will exercising everyday to stay fit and healthy.
(c) i will exercise everyday to stay fit and healthy.
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3. I opened a small flower shop in the market.
(a) i will open a small flower shop in the market.
(b) i will opened a small flower shop in the market.
(c) i will opening a small flower shop in the market.
4. T he president and his wife raised funds for charity.
(a) t he president and his wife will raising funds for charity.
(b) t he president and his wife will raised fund for charity.
(c) t he president and his wife will raise fund for charity.
5. I stuck to my resolution.
(a) i will sticking to my resolution.
(b) i will stick to my resolution.
(c) i will stuck to my resolution.
6. I changed most of the furniture in my house before diwali.
(a) i will changed most of the furniture in my house before diwali.
(b) i will changing most of the furniture in my house before diwali.
(c) i will change most of the furniture in my house before diwali.
7. I started going for driving classes on tuesdays.
(a) i will started going for driving classes on tuesdays.
(b) i will starting going for driving classes on tuesdays.
(c) i will start going for driving classes on tuesdays.
8. T eamindia won every match against australia in the world cup.
(a) teamindia will won every match against australia in the world cup.

(b) teamindia will every match against australia in the world cup.
(c) teamindia will waning every match against australia in the world cup.
9. I spoke in english with my friends.
(a) i will speak in english with my friends.
(b) i will speaking in english with my friends.
(c) i will spoke in english with my friends.
10. I wore the seat belt while driving.
(a) i will wore the seat belt while driving.
(b) i will wearing the seat belt while driving.
(c) i will wear the seat belt while driving.

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SESSION 3: TALKING ABOUT CHANGE
Exercise

Now, identify and tick the sentences that are in active voice:
1. T hey have been scolded.
2. I bought some clothes yesterday.
3. T he teacher is correcting the test papers.
4. T he test papers have been submitted.
5. We went there last summer.
6. We were welcomed by the hotel owner.
7. She believed him but we did not.
8. He was trusted neither by us nor by her.

Assessment
Select and tick the option that is in the passive voice.
1. Ravi had to revise the document.
(a) ravi had to be revised in the document.
(b) t he document had to be revised by ravi.
2. Ram should learn how to adjust to change.
(a) adjusting to change is what ram should learn.
(b) how to adjust to change must be learned by ram.
3. Seema has changed the curtains of the bedroom.
(a) t he curtains of the bedroom have been changed by seema.
(b) t he curtains of seema‟s bedroom are changed.
4. Can nayan update this file?
(a) can this file update nayan?
(b) can this file be updated by nayan?
5. T he youth should change things for the better.
(a) things should be changed for the better by the youth.
(b) t he youth have to change things for the better.
6. He made some changes to this document.
(a) t o this document some changes he made.
(b) some changes were made to this document by him.
7. You can change your future by learning english.
(a) yourenglish can change your future.
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(b) your future can be changed by learning english.
8. N othing can change his mind.
(a) his mind can‟t be changed by anything.

(b) his mind can be changed by nothing.

9. T he party workers do not like the new policies.

(a) t he policies do not like the new workers.
(b) t henew policies are not liked by the party workers.
10. Change makes progress possible.
(a) progress is made possible by change
(b) change makes possible progress

SESSION 4: PLANNING AN OUTING

Exercise

Identify the incorrect use of the pronouns.

1. Mitali and i went to the cafe to buy us some snacks.
2. When i saw me in the mirror, iwas horrified to see red spots all over my face.
3. Did you learn typing yourself or you went to a school?
4. What he saw was so unexpected that he pinchedhim to see if it was for real.

5. Please help yourselves to the food - there is plenty!

6. I hurt myself while fixing the broken shelf.
7. I am busy...can‟t you do the work yourself?
8. I bought a nice dress for me from the mall.
Assessment
Fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns.
1. Except ruhi and _______________, everyone else arrived late at the movies.
(a) i (b) me
2. Ravi was very helpful to_______________when we went trekking in the mountains.
(a) us (b) ourselves
3. We really enjoyed_______________on the trip to manali last month.
(a) us (b) ourselves
4. His friends did not appreciate_______________going to the fair alone.
(a) his (b) himself
5. Please bring some cotton for your ears if you do not want to be bored by_______________
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 Continuous chatter on the trip.
(a) his (b) him
6. As our driver had fever, namanand_______________offered to drive the car for the rest of
The journey.
(a) mine (b) i
7. One of_______________will have to speak to the travel agent and make arrangements for
The trip.
(a) you (b) your
8. We must reach the airport on time, or else_______________will miss the flight.
(a) we (b) us
9. I t was_______________who wanted to go to the mountains instead of the beach.
(a) himself (b) he

10. T wo of the group members, including_______________, have offered to make food and
Travel arrangements for the trip.
(a) He (b) him

SESSION 5: NARRATING A STORY

Exercise

Do you remember the difference in the tenses? Now, identify the sentences that have been written
In the present and future tense.
1. My grandmother loved to narrate the story of ram and ravan to me when i was young.
2. I used to listen eagerly to her.
3. I would eagerly wait for the next day to come.
4. I enjoyed the storytelling sessions with my grandmother very much.
5. I don’t know if i will be able to entertain my grandchild in the same way.
6. Most probably iwill not have many stories to tell or my grandchild will not be interested in
Listening to stories.
7. I was exhausted.
8. I t was a very tiring journey.
9. I had a tiring journey.

Assessment
From the options, select and tick the sentence that is in simple past tense.
1. (a) seema visiting aunt rekha at her house near the beach last weekend.
(b) seema visited aunt rekha at her house near the beach last weekend.
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(c) seema visit aunt rekha at her house near the beach last weekend.
2. (a) i t were a beautiful summer day.
(b) i t was a beautiful summer day.
(c) i t is a beautiful summer day.
3. (a) seema building a giant sand castle on the beach.
(b) seema build a giant sand castle on the beach.
(c) seema built a giant sand castle on the beach.
4. (a) aunt rekha took pictures of the castle.
(b) auntrekha take pictures of the castle.
(c) auntrekha taking pictures of the castle.
5. (a) seema wanted to play on the beach and build another sand castle.
(b) seema want to play on the beach and build another sand castle.
(c) seema wanting to play on the beach and build another sand castle.
6. (a) but soon it has become very hot outside.
(b) but soon it became very hot outside.
(c) but soon it becomes very hot outside.
7. (a) aunt rekha advised seema to wear a hat.
(b) auntrekha advising seema to wear a hat.
(c) auntrekha advises seema to wear a hat.
8. (a) but seema does not have a hat.
(b) butseema did not have a hat.
(c) butseema didn‟t had a hat

9. (a) so aunt rekha gave seema one of her hats.

(b) so aunt rekha giving seema one of her hats.
(c) so aunt rekha gives seema one of her hats.
10. (a) seema wearing the hat and made another sand castle.
(b) seema wears the hat and made another sand castle.
(c) seema wore the hat and made another sand castle.

SESSION 6: DESCRIBING A KNOWN PLACE

Exercise

I. Read aloud the following phrases on “describing nainital”. Combine the phrases so as toForm a paragraph
that describes nainital. For example:
Example: nainital is a beautiful hill-station in uttarakhand.

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1. N ainital is a beautiful hill-station...
2. I t is surrounded by...
3. ...in uttarakhand.
4. ...above sea-level.
5. ...high mountain peaks
6. N ainital is a very...
7. ...especially during winter...
8. ...popular tourist spot,
9. ...when the snow falls.
10. I t attracts a lot of tourists in...
11. ...during the british raj.
12. T he temperature varies between...
13. ...which were established...
14. 15°cand -3 °c at that time.
15. ...and is situated at an altitude of 1, 938 meters.
16. Apart from its beautiful scenery...
17. ...its many schools,
18. N ainital is also known for...

Ii. N ow read aloud and very carefully, the description given below:
“ladakh”.
1. Leh, drass valley and leh-manali track are popular tourist spots.
2. Ladakh is a region situated in jammu and kashmir.
3. Tourists come for fishing and trekking.
4. Ladakh has a population of about 2,60,000.
5. T hekunlun mountain range lies to the north and the himalayas lies to the south.
6. T he language is written in the tibetan script.
7. T he people of dha-hanu follow tibetanbuddhism.
8. Ladakhi culture and tibetan culture share many similarities.
9. Popular sports include archery, ice hockey, and cricket.
10. Buses and taxis are available as means of transport.
11. The dances are about the fight between good and evil.
12. T he people speak ladakhi which is also known as western archaic tibetan.
13. About 18,000 tourists visit ladakh every year.
14. On the other hand, those living around dras have converted to islam.

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15. I t is the highest plateau of kashmir.
16. T heladakhis celebrate masked dance festivals.
Iii. Read carefully the following passages on “adjectives and adverbs” and identify whetherThe words in
bold are adjectives or adverbs:
1. I went to jaipur, also known as pink city. Many people readily agree it is one of the bestStructuredplaces
in india. The town was carefully planned according to vastushastra. ItWas built in the form of an eight-part
mandala known as pithapada.
2. I have never seen as heavenly a place as kerala‟s backwaters. I took a ride in a kettuvallam(house boat) and
what i saw was truly beautiful. Palm trees, pandanusshrubs, a variety ofLeafy plants and bushes
Attractivelydecorated the place.
3. My family went on a trip to manipur. One of the many places we visited was the keibulLamjao national
park. It is the only floating national park in the world. The place is markedBy floating plants called phumdi.
The park is the home of the sangaior brow antlered deer,
An endangered species which cannot be found anywhere else on earth.

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word from the given options:
1. I _____________________ moved to a new city.
(a) recently (b) daily
2. I now live _____________________ in the heart of delhi.
(a) comfortable (b) comfortably
3. My house is a _____________________ two-bedroom flat in mayurlok.
(a) spaceful (b) spacious
4. I live here with my _____________________ friend, manish.
(a) best (b) better
5. T here is a _____________________ monument near our house.
(a) history (b) historical
6. When i first moved to delhi, i found the city to be too _________________and crowded.
(a) noisy (b) noiseful
7. N ow that i have lived here for a couple of years, i can‟t imagine moving back to my______________town.
(a) small (b) tiny
8. Delhi is the capital of india and is __________________ connected to all major cities of theCountry by road,
rail, and air.
(a) good (b) well
9. Mayurlok is one of the ___________________ localities in delhi.(a) best (b) good
10. T he area is well-maintained and planned ___________________(a) prettily (b) beautifully

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 9
 SESSION7:GIVINGDIRECTIONS

Exercise

Study the flowchart given below:

• Route a : fun village, pushpak book store, traffic point b, traffic point a,oriental
Restaurant.
• Route b :green park, khadi house, traffic point b, traffic point a, orientalrestaurant.
Route c :green park, khadi house, working women‟s association, little angels school, orientalrestaurant.

In short, there can be more than one route in which you can give directions to reach dmk hospital.
Assessment

i. Fill in the blank with the correct preposition given in thebracket:

1. Gostraightdownkingswaystreetandyouwillfindtheshop your right(in,
On).
2. The jeweler‟s store isright next the bus-stop(for, to).
3. The florist‟sstallis kamna‟s house (below,under).
4. You can findher house the corner of the main street. (around,from)

5. Walk you reach the traffic point (till,before).

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 10
6. The bookstore is just the street (across, under).
7. Walk straight this road and you will come to a traffic point (down,beside).

ii. Fill in the blank with the correct preposition given in thebracket:

1. I‟mveryexcitedaboutmeetingmyfriendtoday Dillihaat in the

evening at4.
(a) On (b)at

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2. my friend stays in ina colony near dillihaat, whereas my house isquitefar it.
(a) Across (b) from

3. Inthemorning,myfriendhadgivenmethedirections this place over the phone.

(a) To (b)about

4. Iwilltake bus no. 540 the centralterminal and get off the inabusstand.
(a) From,in (b) from, at

5. My friend had said that dillihaatisright the road.

(a) Across (b)over

6. She will be waitingforme the sikkim food stall.

(a) On (b)at

7. Thesikkim food stall is located themanipurandrajasthanfood stalls.

(a) Across (b)between

8. The hotmomos served there areso tasty - i can‟t wait eatthem!

(a) For (b) to

9. Oh! I think that‟smybus that red truck.

(a) Behind (b)over

10. I must hurry up and get it or my plans for a great evening will bespoilt.
(a) Onto (b)in

SESSION 8: DESCRIBING ANEVENT

Exercise

i. Read the following sentences and identify whether they are in the present continuous tense or not.
1. Everyone is enjoying sarita‟sparty.
2. Saritais distributing cold drinks to herguests.
3. Devjitwants to play his guitar and sing a song forher.
4. All the guests encouraging him to dothat.
5. Even sarita herself is telling him toperform.

ii. Read the sentences on “smita’s birthday” given below.

1. It wassmita‟s birthday .
2. We arranged asurprisebirthday .
3. Allherfriends .
4. as it is herfavourite.
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5. Everyonearrived .
6. _______ at 12p.m.
7. Wescreamed“_________________ “!
8. Then,she blewthe candles and .
9. Ashaand sumeet .
10 sang a song and entertainedeveryone.
11. Weplayedantakshari .

III. Using the following phrases fill in the blanks and complete thesentences.

1. “surprise”
2.Wereinvited.
3. Smita entered theroom...
4.Cut it foreveryone
5. Smitaeven...
6.Party for her.
7.On time.
8.Distributed food anddrinks

9. We got a chocolatecake...
10.On sunday.
11. And dumbcharade.

ASSESSMENT

Choose and the tick the correct option, which is in the present continuous tense.

1. A. We are gone to attend a friend‟s wedding at sainik farms on saturdayevening.

b. We are going to attend a friend‟s wedding at sainik farms on saturdayevening.
c. We went to attend a friend‟s wedding at sainik farms saturdayevening.

2. A. Everybody will having a great time at theparty.

b. Everybody is having a great time at theparty.
c. Everybody have a great time at the party.

3. A. The bride is looking gorgeous inatraditionalred silk saree.

b. The bride looking gorgeous inatraditional redsilk saree.
c. The bride will looking gorgeous inatraditionalred silk saree.

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4. A. The waitersserving delicioussnacks and drinks.
b. The waitersserves delicioussnacks and drinks.
c. The waiters areserving delicioussnacks and drinks.

5. A. Thedj is playing soft music whilethe guests havetheir dinner.

b. Thedj is playing soft music whilethe guests are havingtheir dinner.
c. Thedj playssoft music whilethe guests are havingtheir dinner.

6. A. He is going to play some popular bollywoodnumbers.

b. He has some popular bollywood numbers toplay.
c. He going to play some popular bollywoodnumbers.

7. A. Some kids have running around while some will be dancing on the dancefloor.
b. Some kids are running around while some are dancing on the dancefloor.
c. Some kids are running around while some dancing on the dancefloor.

SESSION 9: RECOUNTING ANEXPERIENCE

Exercise

Read the points given below, very carefully. Now, construct them into a paragraph:
• taking a walk in thepark.
• saw some people playingbadminton.
• sat down andwatched.
• realized one of the players was an oldclassmate.
• called out toher.
• she came to me.
• told me she was my classmate‟stwin.
• iapologized.
• she asked me to join theirgame.
• iagreed.
• enjoyed a nice round of badminton withthem.

Read the phrases in “trip to a mall”. Fill in the blanks with appropriate phrases.
• ...we decided togo.
• i toldhim...
• ...for ourlunch!
• then we wentlooking...

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 • ...if i had any plans thissaturday.
• ...the food court had not beenbuilt...
• ...in the mall.
• ...where it waslocated...
• ...for awhile.
• ...to search the hugemall.
• we were alreadyhungry...

Myfriendcalledmeupandaskedme . I wasfree.So
tothenewmall.Thereweremanygoodstores . We window-
shopped. For the food-court. But we couldn‟tfindit.
Andwewereforced ! At last,weasked
aguard

And he toldusthat asyet.We came out of the mall and had togo
toadhaba .

assessment

Fillintheblankswiththepastcontinuousformoftheverbsgiveninbrackets.Thefirsttwo
Have been done for you.
1. I was visiting my childhood friend venkatyesterday.
2. We were going to watch the movie don ondvd.
3. We (see) the movie for the second time.
4. We (enjoy) the popcorns more than themovie.
5. In the evening, we (plan) to make a chocolatecake.
6. Bothofus (go) to the market to buy vegetables fordinner.
7. We (driving) to the supermarket.
8. Thesupermarket (offer) sale on allstocks.
9. Everybody (move) towards the entrance at the sametime.

SESSION10:FINDINGAPLACETO STAY
Exercise

Client :i am looking for a place to stay.

Broker :ok. Do you want a single room or double room? (single room or double room)

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 15
 Client :since i am going to stay alone, i would prefer a single room.
Broker: ? (just a single room, or withkitchen)

Client :i want a single room with attached bathroom plus a separate kitchen. Broker: you have come right on
time. A room which has all these has just been vacated.
Client : ? (how much the rentis)

Broker :4500 rupees.

Client : ? (whether includes electricity bill and waterbill)

Broker :yes, yes. It includes both.

Client :do i have to pay security? (whetheri have to pay security) broker: yes. You have to pay a security
of 2000rupees.
Client : ? (how much your feeis)

Broker :i charge only 25% of the rent.

Client : ? (whether fee isnegotiable)

Broker :i am afraid it isn‟t. It is quite low. Most brokers charge around 50%. Client: ok then.

Broker: ? (whether you want to see the room now client

:yes.

Assessment
Change the following sentences to the future continuous tense.

1. Shantanuhelped me locate a goodroom.

.
2. The landlordcharged me too much.
.
3. I was negotiating with him to lower therent.
.
4. I also asked the landlord if he would provide me acooler.
.
5. If not, iam buying the coolermyself.
.
6. I am staying here tilldecember.
.
7. Next year, iam moving tomumbai.
.

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 16
8. I contacted my brokervijay.
.
9. Vijay is searching for a two-room flat forme.
.
10. I reminded him that the flat should have a separate kitchen.
.

SESSION 11: SAYINGNO

Exercise

Study the following situations in “saying no”. Choose what would be the appropriate way of saying no
in each situation. Some situations may have more than one appropriate option. Fill in the blanks with the
appropriate option(s).

Situation 1
Speaker 1: can i borrow some money?
Speaker2: .
(a) No, youcannot.
(b) Iamsorrybutiwon‟tbeabletolendyou.
(c) I am sorry but you can‟t borrow rightnow.

Situation 2
Speaker 1: i am going to my aunt‟s house. Would you like to come? Speaker2: .
(a) I won‟t be able to come, but thanks for theoffer.
(b) I am sorry but i won‟t be able tocome.
(c) Iamsorrybutiwon‟tliketocomeatall.

Situation 3
Speaker 1:there isa party atmy place onfriday.You haveto come. Speaker2: .
(a) Thanks.But i can‟t come asihavea prior engagement.
(b) Sounds great! But, no! I am notcoming.
(c) I am sorry. I will not be able to make it. But thanks for theinvitation.

Situation 4
Speaker 1: it is quite late now. Why don‟t you stay at our place tonight? Speaker2: .
(a) This isvery kind ofyou. However, i can‟t stay.
(b) Thanks!But i really haveto get back home.
(c) Thanksa lot.But i can‟tstay atyour placetonight.

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8. A. We are planning to drink coffee to stay awake through thenight.
b. We are planning to drink coffee to be staying awake through thenight.
c. We drink coffee to be staying awake through thenight.

9. A. Panditji reciting mantras and performing variousrituals.

b. Panditji is going to reciting mantras and performing variousrituals.
c. Panditji is reciting mantras and performing variousrituals.

10. A. Everybody is showering flowers on thenewlyweds.

b. Everybody are showering flowers on thenewlyweds.
c. Everybody showering flowers on thenewlyweds.

Situation 5
Speaker 1: would you like to join us for a drink?
Speaker2: .
(a) Thanks!But iwill haveto say no.
(b) Sounds fun! But, no! I can‟t joinyou.
(c) A drink? No. Notnow.

ASSESSMENT

i. Fill in the blanks using the correct preposition given in thebracket:

1. They invitedme their party, butihadrefuse (to, for)
2. Theysaid they willmeet 3sharp.(in, at)
3. But i have to meetmy grandparents monday. (at,on)
4. So, isaidno. Now,ihaveneverrefusedthem.(till,before)
5. They werea little disappointed me. (on, with)
6. But i haven‟t metmygrandparents a long time. (for,from)
7. I haven‟tseenthem last july. (since,from)

ii. Fill in the blanks using the correct preposition given in the bracket: with against
for from by onat
1. Vikrantkeeps borrowingmoney me.The nexttime he asksme,i willsay,
“i am sorry, vikrant. I can‟t lend you anymore.”
2. Myfriendswantedtoshareadrink me.Butirefusedsaying“thanks
theoffer. But i will have to sayno.”
3. My boss makes megettea him every day. So, yesterday, i finally said “i am
sorry, sir. I have got work to finish.” At that moment, i really did not care if it would have anyeffect
FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 18
 my job.
4. Mygrandfatherwantsmetogetupat4everymorningandjogforanhour.Ihadtopolitely
Refuse saying, “great idea! I will try that some day. Thankyou.”
5. Leena asked rajul to do her homework again. It seems rajul replied, “i am not going to do whatever you
ask me to.” And now, they arenottalking each other.
6. Theoppositioncandidatewantedthepeopletovote therulingparty,but they
shouted him and told him to goback.
7. Thoughitwasraininghardyesterday,mytutorwantedmetobuyabook the
Market. I said, “i am sorry, sir. But the weather is really bad. Can i buy the booktomorrow?”

SESSION 12: DESCRIBING A LOSTITEM

Exercise

Now, read the details given below and fill in the blanks using the information given:
• a mobilephone
• nokia0010
black color
• lost while traveling in atrain

• 15thmay, 2009, 2:00 p.m. To 9:30p.m.

• train from allahabad todelhi
• shiv ganga express
• compartment no. S 14, berth 28, sleeperclass

Policeman : yes, may i help you?

Complainant :i lost .
Policeman :where?

Complainant :i wastraveling from to .

Policeman : which train was it?

Complainant : . Policeman : when

was the journey taken? Complainant : .

Policeman : what time approximately?

Complainant : . Policeman :
where was yourseat?

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 19
 complainant: policeman :
please describe thephone.

Complainant :it is a .Thecolouris .

Policeman :okay.

ASSESSMENT
I. Choose the correct quantifier from the given choices and fill in theblank:
1. Ilost bookswhenistayedatthehostel(several,much)
2. Hemaasked
little)
3. The wardenconfirmedthattheftshadoccurredinthehostel,soshehad
Every room checked (a few, any)
4. students, including hema, put up posters describing the items that they had lost (a lot of,much)

5. Finally, of the lost items were found in hema‟s room - she had nerve to pretend that
her wallet too had been stolen! (much,many)

II. Fill in the blanks with the correct quantifier from the options givenbelow:
1. Iwashaving funwithmyfamilyattheairportuntilirealizedthattwoofmy
Bags were missing.
(a) A lots of (b) many (c) a lotof
2. Theblackbagcontained valuablethingsthatihadboughtformysister‟s wedding.
(a) Many (b) more (c) much
3. It contained adiamond pendant, gold bangles, a diamond ring,etc.
(a) Afew (b) enough (c) alittle
4. It also had silverjewellery.
(a) Many (b) afew (c) some
5. Thebrownbaghad importantdocumentssuchasmypassport,pancard, driving
license,etc.
(a) Many (b) more (c) much
6. The bag alsocontainedclothes, silver coins, andasilver key.
(a) Enough (b) afew (c) alot

7. Thoughtheblackbagcontained expensiveitems,itslossdoesnotbotherme as much

as the loss of the brown bagdoes.

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 20
 (a) Little (b)alittle (c) plentyof
8. Itismoreimportanttofindthebrownbagbecauseitcontains important
Documents.
(a) Much (b) very (c) some
9. I donothave hope of getting back my bag. Still, i am going to lodge an fir at the
policestation.
(a) Little (b) much (c) few
10. Iwillalsopostanadvertisementaboutmybaginthe„lostandfound‟sectionof
newspapers.
(a) More (b)little (c) some

SESSION13:APPRECIATINGSOMEONE
EXERCISE

Studythesituationsdescribedhere.Filltheblankswithhowyouwouldexpressyourappreciation in the given

situations. You can use the phrases and sentences you learntearlier.
Situation 1: you want to buy a book but do not have enough money. Your friend lends it to you.
Situation 2: your junior at work used to perform badly. Lately, his performance has improved.
Situation 3: it is mother‟s day and you have bought a card for your mother. You want to write a line
showing your appreciation.
Situation 4: your younger brother has come top of his class.

Situation5: you are organizing a campaign for the adoption of stray dogs. A man donates an
Amount (huge/small) for the cause.

assessment

i. Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in thebracket:

1. You didme a favor (great,large)
2. Iamso that you won! (happy,cheerful).
3. Youarelooking tonight (wonderful,brilliant)
Youdida thing by helping that poor boy. (well,good)
4. We thank you forbeingso (kind, gentle)
5. That wasa performance!(fantasy, fantastic)
6. Your generosity isappreciatedby (many, much)
7. You are doingyourjob well (very,vary).

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 21
II. Choose the right word from the bracket to fill in theblanks:
1. Ramapresentedtheshowreallywell.Ithinksheisvery (arrogant,
Confident).
2. Sheelaisvery (patient, lenient) while talking to clients. She tries to
understandthem.
3. I wonder how nilanjana can beso (relaxed, lazy) before any team
Meeting.
4. Priya isextremely
(dignified, grand), and that makes her the team
Favorite.
5. I like the fact thatramis (inquiring, nosy), that way he gets his doubts
cleared.
6. Raj spendshismoney (with a lot of care, like a miser), so he has no
majordebts.
7. It was becauseofram‟s
deal.
8. Rajuses (old-fashioned, outdated) ways to solve problems becausehe feels
that it alwaysworks.
9. Raviisalways (up-to-date, modern) with hiswork.

SESSION14:ATTENDINGAPHONECALL

EXERCISE

Identify the sentences in the present perfect tense.

1. She has done her jobwell.
2. I have a filehere.
3. Theyhave been upset.

4. You have won thecompetition.

5. Theman has a lotto say.

ASSESSMENT

I. Change the verbs in brackets to present perfect tense and fill in theblanks:
Two examples are given below.
• ihave driven acar.
• shehas driven acar.
FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 22
 A: hello! My name is akanksha from abc consultants. May i speak to mskavya,please? B:
kavya (leave) the office. May i take amessage?
A: well,ourcompany (plan)acampatsirifortthissaturday.Wouldshebe interested in
attendingit?
B: sure! In fact, i would also beinterested.We (attend) such campsbefore.
We found them useful.
A: that‟s good. Canyou giveme your name andcontact number as well?
B: mynameismanishaandmycontactnumberis9987654321.Someofmyotherfriends
(volunteer)atsuchcampsbefore.Wouldyoulikemetoaskthemtocome along?
A: that‟sgreat!Youcanaskthemtocallmeonthesamenumberiftheyneedmoreinformation in thisregard.
B: ok. I will tell kavya you called. Bye! A:
bye

SESSION15:GIVING INSTRUCTIONS

EXERCISE

Choose the appropriate preposition:

1. Come tothe shop 5 p.m. (at,in)
2. Finishthehomework 15 minutes. (at,in)
3. Turnthis fan .(of, off)
4. Walk a straight line. (in,with)
5. Get a kiloofsugar the grocery. (at,from)
6. Stand that chair and see if you can reach the shelf. (on,above)
7. Takethese vegetables the kitchen.(to, into)
8. Donotsmoke this area. (in,around)

ASSESSMENT
Fill in the blanks with the correct options.

1. Do nothonkunnecessarily traffic signals.

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 23
 (a) At (b) from (c)under

2. Donotstand the glassdoor.

(a) Like (b)during (c) near

3. Themanagerhasgivenanewsetofinstructions
Attendance.
(a) From (b) to (c)on

4. Aspertheschoolrules,studentswillnotbeallowedtoentertheschoolgates
9:30am.
(a) During (b)after (c) to
5. our stay at khairi in chamba, we were not allowed to go out in the evening without an armedguard.
(a) During (b) before (c)after

6. Tellthegatekeepertomakesurethatcigarettesorothertobaccoproductsarenotsold
the schoolbuilding.
(a) Near (b)on (c) through

7. Get me a cup of coffee andasandwich the shop across thestreet.

(a) For (b)of (c) from

8. You cannot park yourcaranywhere this building for securityreasons.

(a) From (b) around (c)like

9. Park your car the parking lot behind thatmall.

(a) In (b)on (c) for

10. Theshop is notfar, it is just theroad.

(a) Across (b)on (c) at

SESSION16:REGISTERINGACOMPLAINT

Exercise

Rearrangethesentencestoformaconversationbetweenaandb.Thefirsttwohavebeendone
For you.
• because the canteen owner allows them tosmoke.
FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 24
 • they should smoke somewhere else as it harms non-smokerstoo.
• so the problem is withhim!
• then why at thecanteen?
• toomany people at our college smoke in thecanteen.
• alright!
• actually, they don‟t smoke anywhere else because of thesigns.
• that‟strue.
• who else? Let us write a letter stating our formal complaint and drop it in the “complaint box”.
• exactly! Why should they make us unhealthytoo?
• totheprincipal?
• but how do we make them stop smoking at thecanteen?
• i think we should lodge a complaint againsthim.
• hmmm...those no smoking signboards at the gate are not helpingmuch.
• yes. What do wedo?
A: toomany people at our college smoke inthe canteen.
B: that‟s true.
A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:
A:

B:

A:

B:

A:

B:
A:

Assessment

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 25
 Change the verbs in brackets to past perfect tense and fill in the blanks. An example is given
Below to help you understand this tense. Simple
past tense: idid my homework.
Past perfecttense:ihad donemy homework.

1. Rahul (lose)cellphoneonhiswaytodelhifromlucknow.He
(travel)inthefirstclassofthelucknowshatabdi.Hehadnoideahow to get his cell
phone back. He knew he had to lodge an fir first. He knew he would have to
gotothepolicestationbuthewasnot sureifhewouldgo.He (hear)stories
ofhowtakingthehelpofthepolicetookalotoftimeandeffort..Thenherememberedwhat hisfriend
(tell) him. If his phone was used for some bad purposes, he would have to
take responsibility for it. So, rahul decided it was better to go and deal with the police than end up in some
problem lateron.

2. I (drop) a complaint in the complaint-box about the lazy watchmanas

Manypeople (complain) againsthim.

3. Shilpa (file) an fir as soon as she found out about thetheft.

4. We (protest) against the use of animal fur infashion.

5. They (object) to the use of animalfur infashion.

SESSION17:CALLINGUPTOFINDABOUTAJOBVACANCY

Exercise

Read the jumbled up conversation in the “job vacancy”. The italicized sentences have jumbled
Words. You need to rearrange the words in order to make meaningful sentences. A:
hello!
B: hello! Jobbazaar this consultancyis?
A: yes. What can i do foryou?
B: yourin sunday’si times of india saw issueadvertisement.
A: okay.
B: is wanted to if find out i a vacancy jobthere.
A: could you tell me what kind of a job you are looking for? B: i
FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 26
am a high-school englishteacher.
Looking for am i for a vacancy job same the post.
A: okay. You would have to consult our agent for jobs in education. B: do that i dohow?
A: you would have to come to our office with your resume. An appointment you like would now to
make?
B: sure.
A: okay. Monday at 11a.m.
B: okay. I will be there. Thanks alot!

ASSESSMENT

Fill in the blanks with the correct words from the given table: might, ought, have to, can, shall, may,
should, could, would, will.
kavita: hello, this is curepharmaceuticals.How i helpyou?
Gargi: hi kavita. This isgargihere.
i speak to anyone from the hr
Department?

FUCTIONAL ENGLISH 27
Kavita:ofcourse, i connect you to the hrmanager?
Gargi: that be great.Thanksa lot.
Kavita: please hold on for a minute. Nilesh: nilesh speaking.
Gargi: hinilesh,thisisgargispeaking. Youtellmeifyouhaveanyvacancy in
yourcompany?
Nilesh: we are a large company gargi,whichdepartment you be interestedin?
Gargi: that bethe hr department itself, asihave anmbainhrfromamity.
Nilesh:mbainhrfromamity?That tobeuseful.Letmehavealook...you‟re inluck. You come down here
tomorrow for aninterview?
Gargi: that bea problem. I come in day after?
Nilesh:letmesee...that bepossible.Canyoucomeby9am? Gargi:yes
that‟sfine.I bethereby9.Thanksalot.

SESSION18:WRITINGARESUME

Exercise

Look at the format given below and develop your cv:

“cv format”

Name:
Address:
Email address:
Telephone number:
Objective:

Personal information

Date of birth:
Place of birth:
Nationality:
Marital status:
Languages known:
Employed: yes/no
Area of expertise: e.g. Direct sales, customer help, and visual merchandizing.

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FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
Employment history (if any)
E.g. Worked as sales representative for sellwell for 2 years.

1.
2.
3.

Educational qualification
E.g. 1. Hsc from amravati high school (cbse), chandigarh, in 2003;

2. Diploma course in basic computer education from all, chandigarh, in 2004

1.
2.
3.

Computer skills

1.
2.

Skills and interests

E.g. 1. Possess good communication skills
2. Reading books

1.
2.
3.

Awards and achievements

E.g. 1. Won “sales representative of the year” award at sellwell

2. Captain of the college cricket team for 2 years

1.
2.
3.

Fillinthedetailstomakeyourowncv.Exampleshavebeengiventoshowhowsomeinformation
May be filled in.
29
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
 Note:thereisasmalldifferencebetweenaresumeandacurriculumvitae(cv)i.e.,thelength
ofthedocument.Whilearesumeisbriefandconcisesummaryofyourskills,experienceand education-
lessthanapageortwo,acurriculumvitaeisalonger(atleasttwopage)andmore detailedsynopsis.

Coveringletter
Improve the following covering letter by changing some sentence structures. The sentences that can be
changed (or linked) have been underlined.

To
Thehrmanager
healthypharmaceuticals healthpur
Healthy pradesh dear madam,

I‟m writing to you regarding sales positions at healthy pharmaceuticals. I‟m also writing to youabout marketing
positions.
I‟m a fresh graduate. I have a b.com degree in marketing. I would like to work in a sector thatimproves our
society. I want to improve people‟s lives. I have a keen interest in working with apharmaceutical company. I
am interested in working with healthy pharmaceuticals.
Thoughihavenoexperienceinsalesandmarketingsofar,i‟mconfidentthatiwillbeasuccessfulsalesperson. I have
good people skills. I am disciplined. I am a hard worker. Also, at my college
iparticipatedinmanyactivities.Iparticipatedinawarenesscampaignsforyouth. , i think i‟m
suited for a job that requires communicating withcustomers.
I hope you w‟ll consider my job application positively. Please consider me for an interview. Do you

require any additional information? Please let me know.

Sincerely,
(Write in a separate paper)

Assessment

Fill in the blanks with suitable connectors/conjunctions

1. I went toseeher she wasn‟t at home. (and,but)
2. Itstartedraining we went out. (as soon as,because)
3. Wecameback she was not at home. (as,yet)
4. She was notathome we came back. (so,however)
5. , boilthewater. Add the sugar. (first-then)(then-first)
6. wemissedher she never received our message. (either-or,neither-nor)
7. Wedrovefast. We could not reachontime of the trafficjams.
(however-because, because-however)
8. Hetoldyouthathegavemethebook? ,thebookisstillwithhim.(thus,onthe contrary)

30
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
9. I came toseeyou you are not well. (because,so)
10. I had messaged them, they still were not ready on time. (although,and)

SESSION19:WRITINGACOVERINGLETTER
Exercise

Read the details given below. “siddheshsharma’s

covering letter”

Siddheshsharma‟s contact details

• B-12,manakchandbasti, arjunnagar, delhi-11003.
• email:[email protected]
• Phone:09891223314

Contact details of recipient

• Hrmanager
• Sellwell organization, maurice road, delhi -110007

Subject: application for the post of sales manager

Body of the letter (you have to rearrange the sentences):

• I would appreciate it if my application is considered for thepost.
• My resume is enclosed for yourreview.
• Thus, i have the skills as well as experience required for the concernedjob.
• I also have amba in retail from aibm,hyderabad.
• Iamwritinginresponsetoyouradvertisementinthetimesofindiaforthepostofsales
Manager.
• I look forward to hearing from yousoon.
• I was hired by goshop, a reputed supermarket chain, as sales manager for twoyears.
• Youhavetowritesiddheshsharma‟scoveringletterinthecorrectformat.Thedetailsoftheletter
havebeengiven.Thesentencesthatmakeupthebodyoftheletterhavealsobeenprovided.
However,youhavetorearrangethemsothattheyarepresentedinthecorrectorder.Thesalutation and leave-taking
have to be inserted byyou.(Write in a separate paper)

Assessment

Read the following and identify the correct options:

1. Meena said to me, “i can‟t gotomorrow.”

(a) Meena told me that she couldn‟t gotomorrow.
(b) Meena told me that she can‟t go the followingday.
(c) Meena told me that she couldn‟t go the followingday.

31
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
2. I asked, “why aren‟t you goingtomorrow?”
(a) I asked meena why she wasn‟t goingtomorrow.
(b) I asked meena why she were not goingtomorrow.
(c) I asked meena why she wasn‟t going the followingday.

3. She said, “i have to go to the post office to mail a coveringletter.”

(a) Meena said that she had to go to the post office to mail a coveringletter.
(b) Meena said that she will go to the post office to mail a coveringletter.
(c) Meena said that she have to go to the post office to mail a coveringletter.

4. I said, “cani go withyou?”

(a) I asked if i could go withher.
(b) I asked if i can go withher.
I said i could go withher.

5. Meena said, “that would begreat!”

(a) Meena told me that would begreat.

(b) Meena told me this would begreat.

(c) Meena told me that will begreat.

Thefollowingisaconversationbetweenaboyandagirl.Youhavetoturnthedirectspeechto
Reported speech. The first three have been done for you.
1. Boy: “i have never written a coveringletter.”
Reported speech:the boysaid that he hadnever writtenacovering letter.

2. Girl: “would you like to learn how to writeone?”

Reported speech:the girl asked him if he would liketo learn howto write one.

3. Boy: “yes, i would like to learn to writeone.”

Reported speech:the boyreplied that he would liketo learnto write one.

4. Boy: “who can teach me how to write a coveringletter?”

Reportedspeech: .

5. Girl: “i have written a lot of them so i can teachyou.”

Reportedspeech: .

6. Boy: “are there a lot ofrules?”

Reportedspeech: .

32
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
7. Girl: “yes. Even something like writing a covering letter has a lot ofrules.”
Reportedspeech: .

8. Girl: “often people write these letters in any way theywant.”

Reportedspeech: .

9. Boy: “have you sent any covering letterrecently?”

Reportedspeech: .

10. Girl: “i sent one to a company justyesterday.”

Reportedspeech: .

SESSION 20: FACING ANINTERVIEW

Exercise

You need to imagine that you are having a conversation with your facilitator. He/she will say the answers and
you have to frame the questions to them.
1. Thetrain leaves at 10:20 a.m.
2. I am reading abook.
3. Yes, you can borrow thebook.
4. No, i don‟t think the train will be latetoday.
5. I know because i always take that train and it has never beenlate.
6. The interview wentvery well.
7. No,theysaid they will informme ofthe outcome next week.
Assessment

Choose the correct option and fill in the blank:

1. Nishi:i come in, ma‟am? (may,might)

2. Interviewer: come in, come in. Have a seat. Nishi:thankyou,

ma‟am.

3. Interviewer: itisnishi, ? (is it, isn‟tit)

Nishi: yes, ma‟am.

4. Interviewer: are you? (where,how)

Nishi: i am fine, thank you.

33
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
5. Interviewer: ok.so tellus,nishi have you applied to sellwell?(why, how)
Nishi:sellwellisoneofthelargestsupermarketchainsinindia.Itisasuccessfulorganization that has been popular ever
since it started five yearsago.

6. Interviewer: you have any experience as a sales executive? (do,did)

Nishi: yes, ma‟am. I have worked as sales executive at shopper‟s haven for a year.

7. Interviewer:that‟sgood.Wetakeonlyexperiencedpeoplehere. Departments were you

in? (which,whose)
Nishi: i worked at food section for the first six months and clothing for the next six months.

8. Interviewer: salary are you expecting? (what, howmuch)

Nishi:myprevioussalarywas10,000rupeespermonth.So,iamexpectingaround13,000 rupees atsellwell.

9. Interviewer: okay.That isreasonable. Willyou be ableto join?

(when,where)
Nishi: i can join this monday.

10. Interviewer:great!Weareonemembershortinourshoesandbagsdepartment. You

comfortable with this post? (have,are)
Nishi: yes, ma‟am.

11. Interviewer: good. There any question you would like to ask? (are,is)
Nishi: no, ma‟am.

SESSION 21: TAKING A TELEPHONICINTERVIEW

Exercise
Identify the sentences in the present perfect tense.
1. I have had my telephonicinterview.
2. She had tried to call you.
3. Did you getselected?
4. She has told me that i can join on the22nd.
5. I haven’t received the call asyet.
6. I have been asked to bring all documents on the day ijoin.
7. I have read the contract and have agreed tosign.
8. I have had mydinner.
9. Have you done thejob?
10. Theyhave not comeyet.
34
FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH