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    CE 542 - Hydraulic Structures: - Canal Outlet

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    Tharindu Nuwan Jayakody
    This document discusses canal outlets and modules, which are structures that connect irrigation canals to distribution channels. It describes the different types of outlets: non-modular outlets whose discharge depends on head difference; semi-modular outlets whose discharge depends only on the canal water level; and rigid modular outlets that maintain a constant discharge regardless of water levels. Key requirements for good outlets are that they be simple, inexpensive, efficient, and easy to operate and maintain. The document also outlines performance criteria for evaluating outlet design.

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    CE 542 - Hydraulic Structures: - Canal Outlet

    Uploaded by

    Tharindu Nuwan Jayakody
    96 views19 pages
    This document discusses canal outlets and modules, which are structures that connect irrigation canals to distribution channels. It describes the different types of outlets: non-modular outlets whose discharge depends on head difference; semi-modular outlets whose discharge depends only on the canal water level; and rigid modular outlets that maintain a constant discharge regardless of water levels. Key requirements for good outlets are that they be simple, inexpensive, efficient, and easy to operate and maintain. The document also outlines performance criteria for evaluating outlet design.

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    Canal outlet

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    This document discusses canal outlets and modules, which are structures that connect irrigation canals to distribution channels. It describes the different types of outlets: non-modular outlets whose discharge depends on head difference; semi-modular outlets whose discharge depends only on the canal water level; and rigid modular outlets that maintain a constant discharge regardless of water levels. Key requirements for good outlets are that they be simple, inexpensive, efficient, and easy to operate and maintain. The document also outlines performance criteria for evaluating outlet design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    96 views19 pages

    CE 542 - Hydraulic Structures: - Canal Outlet

    Uploaded by

    Tharindu Nuwan Jayakody
    This document discusses canal outlets and modules, which are structures that connect irrigation canals to distribution channels. It describes the different types of outlets: non-modular outlets whose discharge depends on head difference; semi-modular outlets whose discharge depends only on the canal water level; and rigid modular outlets that maintain a constant discharge regardless of water levels. Key requirements for good outlets are that they be simple, inexpensive, efficient, and easy to operate and maintain. The document also outlines performance criteria for evaluating outlet design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    CE 542 – Hydraulic Structures

    – Canal Outlet–
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    ➢A outlet or a module is a small structure built at the head of
    the water course so as to connect it with a minor or a
    distributorary channels.

    ➢It is a type of head regulat or for the field channel supplying


    water to irrigation fields.
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Canal Outlet / Modules

    ➢This is the last control structure in the irrigation system and the
    design of outlet is of prime importance in efficient and effective
    management of canal irrigation system.

    ➢It controls the flow of water to the irrigation unit.

    ➢It should be simple, cheaper, efficient and easy to handle


    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Requirement of a good outlet / Module
    1. The module should fit well to the decided principles of
    water distribution.
    ➢fixed discharge
    ➢variable discharge

    2. The module should be simple so that it can be easily


    constructed by local masons and technicians.

    3. It should work efficiently with a small working head.

    4. The outlet should be cheaper.

    5. It should be sufficiently strong with no moving parts, thus,


    avoiding and easily maintenance.
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Requirement of a good outlet / Module

    1. Non-modular outlet (modules)

    2. Semi-modular or Flexible outlets

    3. Rigid modules / modular outlets


    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Non-modular outlets (moules)
    Non-modular modules are those through which the discharge
    depends upon the head difference between the distributary and
    the water course. Common examples are:

    (i) Open sluice


    (ii) Drowned pipe outlet
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Semi-Modules or Flexible modules

    ➢These outlet are those through which the discharge is


    independent of the water level of the water course but
    depends only upon the water level of the distributory.

    ➢Discharge through such an outlet will increase with a rise in


    the distributory water surface level and vice versa.

    ➢Due to construction, a super-critical velocity is ensured in


    the throat and thereby allowing the formation of a jump in
    the expanding flume.
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Semi-Modules or Flexible modules
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Semi-Modules or Flexible modules

    ➢The formation of hydraulic jump makes the outlet


    discharge independent of the water level in water course,
    thus making it a semi module.

    ➢Semi-modules or flexible modules are those through


    which the discharge is independent of the water level of
    the water course but depends only upon the water level of
    the distributary so long as a minimum working head is
    available.

    ➢Examples are; pipe outlet, open flume type etc.


    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Rigid Modules or Modular Outlets

    Rigid modules or modular outlets are those through which


    discharge is constant and fixed within limits, irrespective of
    the fluctuations of the water levels of either the distributary
    or of the water course or both

    An example is Gibb’s module.


    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Gibb’s Module
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Canal Outlet / Modules
    Performance criteria
    Relationship between flexibility and sensitivity

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