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    Measurement and Processing of Precipitation Data

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    justin
    Precipitation data is one of the key components of the hydrological cycle and important for climate research and modeling. Precipitation is typically measured using rain gauges, including standard rain gauges read manually daily, self-recording rain gauges that produce continuous plots, and automatic rain gauges with data loggers that store digital data. Tipping bucket rain gauges use a pair of tipping buckets on a knife edge to generate an electrical pulse each time a set amount of rain falls. Weather radar sends out electromagnetic waves that produce echoes when they collide with raindrops, allowing precipitation to be estimated over wide areas.

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    Measurement and Processing of Precipitation Data

    Uploaded by

    justin
    49 views12 pages
    Precipitation data is one of the key components of the hydrological cycle and important for climate research and modeling. Precipitation is typically measured using rain gauges, including standard rain gauges read manually daily, self-recording rain gauges that produce continuous plots, and automatic rain gauges with data loggers that store digital data. Tipping bucket rain gauges use a pair of tipping buckets on a knife edge to generate an electrical pulse each time a set amount of rain falls. Weather radar sends out electromagnetic waves that produce echoes when they collide with raindrops, allowing precipitation to be estimated over wide areas.

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    1.-Measurement-and-Processing-of-Precipitation-Data

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    Precipitation data is one of the key components of the hydrological cycle and important for climate research and modeling. Precipitation is typically measured using rain gauges, including standard rain gauges read manually daily, self-recording rain gauges that produce continuous plots, and automatic rain gauges with data loggers that store digital data. Tipping bucket rain gauges use a pair of tipping buckets on a knife edge to generate an electrical pulse each time a set amount of rain falls. Weather radar sends out electromagnetic waves that produce echoes when they collide with raindrops, allowing precipitation to be estimated over wide areas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    49 views12 pages

    Measurement and Processing of Precipitation Data

    Uploaded by

    justin
    Precipitation data is one of the key components of the hydrological cycle and important for climate research and modeling. Precipitation is typically measured using rain gauges, including standard rain gauges read manually daily, self-recording rain gauges that produce continuous plots, and automatic rain gauges with data loggers that store digital data. Tipping bucket rain gauges use a pair of tipping buckets on a knife edge to generate an electrical pulse each time a set amount of rain falls. Weather radar sends out electromagnetic waves that produce echoes when they collide with raindrops, allowing precipitation to be estimated over wide areas.

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    MEASUREMENT AND PROCESSING

    OF PRECIPITATION DATA
    Module III
    PRECIPITATION DATA?
    (Rain, Snow, Hail and etc) one of the key components of the
    hydrological cycle. For climate research, it is one of the key terms for
    balancing the energy budget, and one of the most challenging aspects
    of climate modeling.
    MEASUREMENT OF PRECIPITATION DATA

    The amount, intensity and spatial distribution of precipitation


    are important inputs in most hydrological studies. The total amount
    of precipitation which reaches the ground in a stated period is
    expressed as the depth to which it would cover a horizontal projection
    of the earth’s surface.
    MEASUREMENT OF PRECIPITATION

    I. Rain Gauges
    II. Automatic Rain Gauges
    III. Tipping Bucket Rain Gauges
    IV. Weather Radar
    PRECIPITATION GAUGES
    Precipitation (which includes solid and liquid part) is
    measured using a gauge which consist of a collector to delineate the
    area of the sample and collect it and a funnel which leads to a sample
    storage device.
    I. RAIN GAUGES
    Is a simple device that consist of a collector and a funnel, that
    measures rainfall data.

    Three types of Rain Gauges


    • Standard or Ordinary Gauges (ORG)
    •Self Recording Rain Gauges
    •Automatic Rain Gauges with Data logger
    Standard or Ordinary Gauges (ORG) Self Recording Rain Gauge – record
    – are manually read and it is the rainfall depth in the form of a
    commonly once a day. continuous plot.
    Automatic Rain Gauges with Data Logger
    – data are stored in digital form either
    as rainfall at fixed interval or as timings
    for each event of rainfall of fixed depth.
    II. AUTOGRAPHIC RAIN GAUGE
    Natural syphon rain gauge is frequently used to measure short
    period rainfall. It consist of a circular collector funnel and rainfall
    recording mechanism.
    III. TIPPING BUCKET RAIN GAUGE
    Consist of a circular collector funnel
    with a brass or gunmetal rim that
    directs the rain into a pair of tipping
    buckets which sit on a knife edge. An
    electrical pulse is generated on each
    tilt and is recorded to provide data of
    rain fallen with time
    IV. PRECIPITATION MEASUREMENT BY
    WEATHER RADAR
    Weather radar sends electromagnetic
    waves in all directions. When these
    Z = 200 R^ 1.6
    waves collide with raindrops, an echo
    of the waves is produced which is
    caught back by the radar.
    ADVANTAGE OF WEATHER RADAR
    1. It can give the estimates of rainfall over wide areas along with
    location and movement of the storms.
    2. It can also measure localized storms which may be missed by
    rain gauges.

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