DESIGN OF A CAMPUS NETWORK

A Report

Submitted to AMITY University, Kolkata

for the partial fulfillment of the award of the degree

BACHELORS OF COMPUTER APPLICATION

By JAY VACHHANI

Enrollment No.- A91404816013

Dr. Abhijit Paul

AMITY INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

AMITY UNIVERSITY, KOLKATA
April 2019
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled "Hospital Network Design" submitted by me in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Bachelors of Computer
Applications to the AMITY UNIVERSITY, KOLKATA is based on the experiments and studies
carried out by me. This work is original and has not been submitted in part or full for any
other degree or diploma of any university or institution.

Date:

Place:

Jay Vachhani

A91404816013
 AMITY UNIVERSITY KOLKATA

AMITY INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

CERTIFICATE

The research work embodied in this dissertation entitled "Hospital Network Design"
submitted by Jay Vachhani,A91404816013 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
award of the Degree of Bachelors of Computer Applications to the AMITY UNIVERSITY,
KOLKATA is based on the experiments and studies carried out by him. This work is original
and has not been submitted in part or full for any other degree or diploma of any university
or institution.

Date:

Place:

Dr. Abhijit Paul

(Signature)
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl.No PARTICULARS Pg. No.

1. ABSTRACT

2. LITERATURE SURVEY

3. INTRODUCTION

4. MODEL STRUCTURE

5. IMPLEMENTATION

6. MODEL ANALYSIS

7. CONCLUSION

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 ABSTRACT

The network design is a major part of the infrastructure of a hospital. Internet speed is a
major component of ensuring that healthcare providers and other professionals achieve timely
access to pertinent information. The main aim of this paper is to design a hospital network
which meets the requirements of a hospital network like electronic health records, on-call
doctors via video communication, billing department records, keeping track of the research in
progress, etc.The aim is to provide secured LAN and WLAN network. The network is designed
by keeping in mind of upcoming technology in medical field. This will increase the quality of
hospital service along with patient safety and clinical effectiveness.

KEYWORDS
LAN, WLAN, Hub, Switch, Router.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
This research paper is related to a project that uses networking in hospitals and has
examined various recommendations and techniques for using the hospital network's private
addressing schemes. We switched quickly between the LANs and ensured a secure WLAN
network was provided.This will contribute to health promotion, which together with patient
safety and clinical effectiveness is a core dimension of quality in hospital services. [1]

This study will dissect and analyze different parts of the network of a hospital,
uncovering substandard practices and problematic weaknesses that commonly result in a
general decline in the quality of healthcare provided to patients, and adversely affecting
hospital and healthcare facilities' business operations.We design a plan which helps in [2]
 INTRODUCTION
The field of Information Technology and Network Infrastructure Management has
become a crucial component inside the healthcare industry. Medical experts are working along
with the IT departments to create more medical devices that can be connected to the network,
hence providing doctors the facility to monitor patients easily over internet. Also, hospitals
have initiated the method of electronic health records which are easy to access for doctors as
well as the patient’s family members. There are several times when a doctor can’t be present
and this factor has already been overcome by video communication. The hospital network has
to be made secure as well so that essential data like medical records and research work does
not fall into the wrong hands.

In general, in designing and maintaining the performance, efficiency, architecture and

security of the hospital network, the IT manager faces a lot of challenges. An important
consideration of network design for today's networks is creating the potential to reliably,
scalably and securely support future expansion.

We need to design a network topology that is easy to understand, easy to manage, easy
to troubleshoot and is adaptable to change in future according to the new medical equipments.
Among the various topologies like bus topology, ring topology, mesh topology, star topology,
etc, Hierarchical topology would best meet our demands. The hierarchical network design
model serves to help us develop a network topology in separate layers. Each layer focuses on
specific functions, enabling us to choose the right equipment and features for the layer. A
hierarchical design avoids the need for a fully meshed network in which all network nodes are
interconnected and thus making it simple and easy to understand.

1.1 REQUIREMENTS

The proposal is to design a state of the art network for a district level hospital. The
hospital consists of various departments separated among three buildings. The distance
between two buildings is 50 meters. Each building has four floors. Each building has its own
reception desk on the ground floor with two desktops, one central medical store and medical
store room having two desktops. Each floor has three wings, and each wing has its own nurse
stations containing one desktop. Apart from this there were medical instruments requiring both
wired and wireless internet connectivity. Visitors of the hospitals would get limited wireless
connectivity.
1.2 OBJECTIVES

The primary objective of this research paper is to provide state of the art networking
facilities for the IP-based medical devices, doctors, nurses, visitors and working staff of the
hospital. Given below the points to throw light on the subject matter:

• Providing remote medical consultancy or to supervise the surgery/operation from

remote location.

• Uninterrupted high speed internet connectivity.

• Provide better medical facilities to the patients.

• Organised health records for future use.

• Uninterrupted communication between different departments of the hospital.

• Reducing the workload at nurse station, account department, reception desk.

• Keeping the research work of the doctors and medical records of patients secure.

• Providing limited internet access for the visitors.

 MODEL STRUCTURE

The Hierarchical is also known as the progressive inter-networking model. This model
improves the construction of a structure which is dependable, versatile, and more affordable
various leveled internetwork in light of the fact that instead of concentrating on packet
construction, it centers around the three functional area, or layers, of your system:

CORE LAYER: This layer is viewed as the foundation of the system and incorporates the top of
the line switches and rapid links or cables, for example, fibre cables. In core layer packets are
neither manipulated nor does it route traffic at LAN level. The core layer is solely in charge of
quick and dependable transportation of data over a network. The main Aim of this layer is to
reduce the latency rate while delivering a packet.
DISTRIBUTION LAYER: The distribution layer is in charge of directing the packets. It additionally
gives protocol-based network connectivity. It is at this layer where you start to apply authority
over network transmissions, incorporating what comes in and what leaves the network. This
layer incorporates LAN-based routers and layer 3 switches. This layer guarantees that data
packets are legitimately directed among subnets and VLANs in your endeavour. This layer is
likewise called the Work-group layer.
ACCESS LAYER: The Access layer contains gadgets that permit work-groups and clients to utilize
the role played by the core and distribution layers. In the access layer, you can extend or
contract network areas utilizing a repeater, standard switch or a hub. This layer is additionally
called the work area or desktop layer since it centers around associating end users, for
example, computer system to the network. This layer guarantees that data bundles are
conveyed to end client PCs.
IMPLEMENTATION
 MODEL ANALYSIS

ISP: A network is of little of no use without internet. For the project as big as this consisting
almost 400-500 end users accessing internet at the same time we need a high speed internet
service provider. We cannot compromise on internet speed as people life’s on stack. Here we
choose a connection of 100mbps bandwidth from a reputed Internet Service Provider. The
reasons behind doing so are

• Providing high speed internet for uninterrupted high quality video communication in
various operation theatres.

• Various hospital employees accessing working on their workstations at the same time.

• Providing fixed bandwidth for visitors as they might surf videos or browse sites while
waiting in the waiting area.

• Considering near future expendability.

Router: In our network we have routers at two levels, one at the core level and one at the
distribution layer. We need to handle the bandwidth of 100mbps for now. To handle this
bandwidth we are choosing Cisco 4351 router at the core layer. The reasons behind choosing it
are:

• Cisco 4351 can smoothly give throughput of 200mbps.

• It can be upgraded to 400mbps if required.

• It has 3 onboard LAN/WAN ports.

• It has 48 Maximum switched Ethernet ports.

Firewall: Firewall is a system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private

network. Firewall prevents unauthorized internet users to access private network connected to
internet, especially intranet. All the packets coming or leaving the network has to pass through
firewall. It checks and examines every data packets and prevents access if fails to meet security
criteria set by the network admin. Firewall can be implemented both at hardware and software
level. Here we have installed packet filtering firewall and web application firewall. Former will
examine the data packets and later will allow only specific web application to be used by the
employees. Our router is capable of filtering the data packets and restricts web applications
according to the protocols configured by the admin.
Core switch: Core switch comes at the top of distribution switch. It is also known as tandem
switch or backbone switch. The main role of core switch in our network is to increase the speed
of delivering data packets in the centre of network. Here for our network we have chosen Cisco
6000 series. The reasons behind doing so are

• It has very less failure rate.

• It has very high scalability.

• Upgradable.

Data centre switch: The data centre switch is emerging as a new class of switch since data
centre networking infrastructures become more disaggregated. Unlike the network switch for
traditional three-tier hierarchical networks, data centre class switches are designed to support
data and storage for mission critical applications. Here we have chosen Cisco 5548 data centre
switch and the reasons behind having a data centre switch in our network are

• They can handle both north-south and east-west traffic flows.

• They support high-bandwidth interconnections using both standard LAN Ethernet

protocol and SAN protocols. For example, Fibre Channel and Fibre Channel over
Ethernet.

• They have extensive high availability and fault tolerance systems in the hardware and
software. Therefore provide better uptime for mission-critical applications.

Fabric extender switch: In our network we have chosen this fabric extender purely for future
use. As hospital is planning to build two more blocks and if government plan to connect
different district level hospitals then traffic will be huge while accessing servers.

Server: Server is a central system used for storing and managing data of entire network. Here in
our network we have installed three dedicated server i.e. FTP server, mail server, web server.

Hub: In a network, a hub is a port that broadcasts to every end device or Ethernet-based device
connected to it. Here in our model we used hubs to connect switches of different floor. The
reason behind doing is to increase the reliability. We can easily figure out the fault if any floor is
not receiving internet connection.

Wireless Access Point (WAP): Wireless Access Points are basically devices which allow wireless
devices to connect with either the help of WI-FI or Bluetooth medium. We are using two WAP
at each floor to provide maximum internet connectivity to wireless medical devices, smart
phones, smart mobile tablets, laptops, etc.
Access switches: Access switches come at the Access layer of a network. It brings the
distribution network inside the building. It is the most commonly used gigabit Ethernet switch
which communicates directly with public internet. These switches are responsible for
establishing connection with end devices like computers, laptops, mobile phones with both
wired and wireless medium. Here in our network we have used one access switch at every floor
of our building. In our network we have used Cisco 4510 idf's. The reasons behind it are

• Number of ports.

• High performance.

• Great efficiency.

Cables: Last but also the very important part is cabling the entire network. Without connecting
one component of a network with other it is pretty much useless. Here in our model we had
used Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cables to connect network to router, routers to switch,
switch to servers, switch to end devices. WE chose UTP cables because of its interference
cancelling capabilities. To be very particular we used cat-6 grade cables because of its maximum
transmission speed of 1000mbps/100 meters. There is not much cost difference between cat-
5e and cat-6 grade cable. So it is a vice choice to choose cat-6 cable for our network.
 CONCLUSION

With the growth of Information Technology in every sector and the explosion of medical
IOT devices, the design of a network of any hospital has become very essential factor. The
hospitals need to have a reliable, secure and scalable network design in order to keep the
patients information, doctor's research work safe, convenient communication between various
departments, etc. as well as keep it ready for any new IOT medical equipments that may be
introduced in the future. The hierarchical model of networking best suits our needs along with
providing additional features like easy maintenance, high security, simplified troubleshooting
and effective performance.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1]-The Hospital Network - A New Approach Towards Networking Zeeshan Ahmed Siddique

[2]-Hospital Network Infrastructure: a Modern Look Into the Network Backbone with Real Time
Visibility Homan Mike Hirad