Syllabus Bengali Class VII
Syllabus Bengali Class VII
Syllabus Bengali Class VII
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Competency: Reading
Reading short humorous play like ‘Uncle Podger hangs a picture’ by Jerome K. Jerome
Reading picture-stories for developing interpretations
Reading poems of Blake, Wordsworth, Stevenson etc. for appreciation and aesthetic purposes
Reading prose passages that include fictions of eminent writers like Jawaharlal Nehru, R.K.Narayan,
Ruskin Bond, Rudyard Kipling etc. for developing sense of empathy, creative and aesthetic expression
and for linguistic proficiency.
Reading short stories, legends, fairy tales and mythologies fordeveloping values like truthfulness, honesty,
cooperationetc.
Reading biographies of eminent persons for developing the skill of interpretation, exploration and
experimentation among the learners.
Reading autobiographies or diaries of renowned persons for developing values and self-expression.
Competency: Grammar and Vocabulary
Developing skill in the use of certain grammatical items like apostrophe, comparative forms of adjectives
and adverbs, functions of adverbs, present and past continuous tense, contracted forms of verbs,
participial adjectives, present and past perfect tense, use and functions of certain modals, plural nouns,
subject-verb agreement, simple future[shall/will+ verb], Possessive pronouns and possessive adjectives
and nominal compound. Importance is given in the contextual usage of grammar for semantic purposes
rather than on learning grammar.
Developing skill in the use of similes
Competency in the varied uses of vocabulary [synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms, rhyming words,
one word substitution, prefix and suffix for making opposites] is developed through meaningful child
friendly activities that are also found in real life situations.
Solving crossword puzzles, exploring riddles, developing skill in word-building, spotting the word in
maze, word-matching, odd-man out etc.
Competency: Aesthetic and creativity
Making an envelop with no cost/low cost material for everyday use
Writing dialogues and dramatizing it
Making a thesaurus for personal use
Making a bookmark for habitual purposes
Chart making
Framing a picture
Making a scrap book
Making a poster
Making a model with no-cost/low cost material
Writing a diary
7
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Competency: Writing
Writing personal letters and responding to letters
Writing semi-formal letters
Writing a dialogue[situational and problem-solving purposes]
Narrating a personal experience
Writing a descriptive paragraph
Writing biography with the help of information cues
Summary-writing
Composing short rhymes
Story- writing
8
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Ü!íì˛≤ö˛y
≤ÃÌõ ˛ôÓ≈
1. ˛ô)Ó≈˛ôyˆÏ‡˛Ó˚ ˛ô%òÓ˚yˆÏúyâ˛òy
¶˛@¿yÇüñ ˙!Ñ˛Ñ˛ !òÎ˚õñ !òÎ˚!s˛fì˛ ¢ÇÖƒyñ ˆ«˛eö˛úÈÙÈ˛ô!Ó˚¢#õyñ ¢Ó˚úˆÏÓ˚ÖyÓ˚ ñ ¢õ!mÖ[˛Ñ˛ ~Ó˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy–
2. xò%˛ôyì˛
xò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ !â˛ˆÏ£´Ó˚ ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚
¢õãyì˛#Î˚ Ó˚y!üÓ˚ ì%˛úòy
úá% xò%˛ôyì˛ñ Ü%Ó˚% xò%˛ôyì˛ñ ¢yõƒyò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
!õ◊ xò%˛ôyì˛ñ ˆÎÔ!ÜÑ˛ xò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
Óƒhfl˛ xò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
xyò%˛ôy!ì˛Ñ˛ ¶˛yÜ£yˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
3. ¢õyò%˛ôyì˛
¢õyò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
â˛yÓ˚!›˛ ¢õyò%˛ôyì˛# ¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ ˛ôîÜ%!úÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛
Ñ ˛!õÑ˛ ¢õyò%˛ôyˆÏì˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
â˛yÓ˚!›˛ ¢õyò%˛ôyì˛# ˛ôˆÏîÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ xãyòy ˛ôî !òí≈Î˚
4. ˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ ˆÎyÜñ !ÓˆÏÎ˚yÜñ Ü%í Á ¶˛yÜ
°Ï¤˛ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ xT˛õ ÙÙÙÈ ≤Ã!ì˛!›˛ ˆ◊!íˆÏì˛
¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÓ˚ÖyÎ˚ ˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ ˆÎyˆÏÜÓ˚ !Ó!òõÎ˚ !òÎ˚õ
ì,˛ì˛#Î˚ ˛ôÎ≈yÎ˚Ñ ˛!õÑ˛ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÎ˚ ≤ÃÌõ Á
¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÓ˚ÖyÎ˚ ˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ ˆÎyˆÏÜÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÎyÜ !òÎ˚õ !mì˛#Î˚ ˛ôˆÏÓ≈Ó˚ ˛ôy‡˛ƒ¢)!â˛Ó˚ ≤Ã!ì˛!›˛ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛
¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÓ˚ÖyÎ˚ ˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ !ÓˆÏÎ˚yˆÏÜÓ˚ !Ó!òõÎ˚ !òÎ˚õ 25 † ˛Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ò¡∫Ó˚ !òˆÏÎ˚ 50 † ~ÓÇ
¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÓ˚ÖyÎ˚ ˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ !ÓˆÏÎ˚yˆÏÜÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÎyÜ !òÎ˚õ ì,˛ì˛#Î˚ ˛ôÓ≈ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ 50 † ˛ò¡∫ˆÓÏ Ó˚ ˚ ≤ß¿˛ôe
˜ì˛!Ó˚ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ £ˆÏÓ–
˛ô)í≈¢ÇÖƒyÓ˚ ¶˛yÜ Á ¶˛yˆÏÜÓ˚ ïõ≈
5. ¢)â˛ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
ˆÑ˛yˆÏòy ¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÑ˛ 10 ~Ó˚ ¢)â˛ˆÏÑ˛ !Óhfl˛yÓ˚
ˆÑ˛yˆÏòy ¢ÇÖƒyˆÏÑ˛ ˆõÔ!úÑ˛ v˛zͲôyîˆÏÑ˛ ˆ¶˛ˆÏà ¢)â˛ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ xyÑ˛yˆÏÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yü
¢)â˛ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïõ≈
6. Ó#ãÜy!í!ì˛Ñ˛ ≤Ã!Ñ ˛Î˚y
â˛ú Á ï %ÓˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
Ó#ãÜy!í!ì˛Ñ˛ ¢ÇÖƒyˆÏõúyÓ˚ v˛zͲôyîÑ˛
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(a + b + c)2 ¢)ˆÏeÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
Ó#ãÜy!í!ì˛Ñ˛ ¢ÇÖƒyõyúyÓ˚ Ü%í Á ¢Ó˚ú
13. ¢õyhs˛Ó˚yú ¢Ó˚úˆÏÓ˚Öy Á ˆäÈîˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
!Ó≤Ãì˛#˛ô ˆÑ˛yˆÏíÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
¢õyhs˛Ó˚yú ¢Ó˚úˆÏÓ˚ÖyLjÏüÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
ˆäÈîÑ˛ Óy ˆ¶˛îˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy
xhs˛ÉfiÌ ˆÑ˛yí Á Ó!£ÉfiÌ ˆÑ˛yˆÏíÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
xò%Ó˚)˛ô ˆÑ˛yí Á ~Ñ˛yhs˛Ó˚ ˆÑ˛yˆÏíÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
¢Ó˚úˆÏÑ˛yˆÏíÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
14. !e¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ ïõ≈
!e¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ õïƒõyÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
!e¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ ˆÑ˛yˆÏòy Óy£%Ó˚ õïƒ!Ó®% xAÑ˛ò
!e¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ v˛zFâ˛ì˛yÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
!e¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ ˆ«˛eö˛ˆÏúÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
15. ¢õÎ˚ Á î)Ó˚c
Ü!ì˛ˆÏÓˆÏÜÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
¢õÎ˚ÈÙî)Ó˚c ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ Óyhfl˛Ó ¢õ¢ƒy
ˆ›˛ΔˆÏòÓ˚ ˜îá≈ƒñ Ü!ì˛ˆÏÓÜ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ¢õ¢ƒy
16. !mÈÙÈhfl˛Ω˛ˆÏúÖ
ì˛Ìƒ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ hfl˛Ω˛ !â˛ˆÏeÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
˛!mÈÙÈhfl˛Ω˛ˆÏúÖÈÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
17. xyÎ˚ì˛ˆÏ«˛e Á ÓÜ≈ˆÏ«˛ˆÏeÓ˚ ˆ«˛eö˛ú
xyÎ˚ì˛ˆÏ«˛ˆÏeÓ˚ ˆ«˛eö˛ú
ÓÜ≈ˆÏ«˛ˆÏeÓ˚ ˆ«˛eö˛ú
â˛yÓ˚ ˆîÎ˚yˆÏúÓ˚ ˆ«˛eö˛ú
ì,˛ì˛#Î˚ ˛ôÓ≈
18. ≤Ã!ì˛¢yõƒ
˜Ó˚!ÖÑ˛ ≤Ã!ì˛¢yˆÏõƒÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
¢%°Ïõ Ó£%¶%˛ˆÏãÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛¢yˆÏõƒÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
á)í≈ò ≤Ã!ì˛¢yˆÏõƒÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy
19. v˛zͲôyîˆÏÑ˛ !ӈϟ’°Ïí
Ó#ãÜy!í!ì˛Ñ˛ ¢ÇÖƒyõyúyˆÏÑ˛ ˆõÔ!úÑ˛ v˛zͲôyîˆÏÑ˛ !ӈϟ’°Ïí
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˛ô!Ó˚ˆÓÏ ü Á !ÓK˛yò
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S3V ˜îò!®ò x!¶˛K˛ì˛y ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ¢yˆÏ˛ôˆÏ«˛ fl˛∫FäÈñ xfl˛∫FäÈ Á {°ÏÍ fl˛∫FäÈ õyÏõÓ˚ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ˛≈
ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy !îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á xyˆÏúyÓ˚ â˛úyâ˛ú ˆÎ õyïƒõ !òÓ˚ˆÏ˛ô«˛ ˆ¢£z
ïyÓ˚íyÎ˚ ˆ˛ô§ÔˆÏäÈyˆÏì˛ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü !òˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ¢Ó˚ú˜ÏÓ!˚ ÖÑ˛ Ü!ì˛ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ˛≈ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S5V xyˆÏúyÑ˛Ó˚!Ÿ¬Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy Á ì˛yÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛ˆÏîÓ˚ Ó˚)˛ô Á ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ Ó%G˛ˆÏì˛ñ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á
ì˛yÓ˚ ˜Ó˚!ÖÑ˛ äÈ!Ó x§yÑ˛ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ≤ÃFäÈyÎ˚y Á v˛z˛ôFäÈyÎ˚yÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Á úkï ïyÓ˚íyˆÏÑ˛
Ñ˛yˆÏã úy!܈ÏÎ˚ xyˆÏúyÑ˛ v˛zÍ¢ñ xfl˛∫FäÈ Óhfl˛$ Á ˛ôî≈yÓ˚ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xÓfiÌyˆÏòÓ˚ !ò!Ó˚ˆÖÏ ≤ÃFäÈyÎ˚y
Á v˛z˛ôFäÈyÎ˚yÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛, !ì˛ !Ñ˛Ó˚˛) ô £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚
ˆîÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛y !úÖˆÏì˛ñ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á ˆ¢£z !ӰψÎÏ ˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V xyˆÏúyÑ˛ v˛z͈ϢÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ !Óhfl+˛ì˛ £ˆÏú£z Óy ≤ÃFäÈyÎ˚y v˛z˛ôFäÈyÎ˚yÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ ˆÑ˛õò £ˆÏÓÈÙȈ¢£z
ïyÓ˚íy £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ äÈ!Ó ~§ˆÏÑ˛ ì˛yÓ˚ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
~ÓÇ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ¢)!â˛!äÈo Ñ˛ƒyˆÏõÓ˚yÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ì˛y !òˆÏã ˜ì˛!Ó˚
Ñ˛Ó˚yÓ˚ õïƒ !îˆÏÎ˚ ¢,ãòü#ú £ˆÏÎ˚ v˛z‡˛ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V ≤Ã!ì˛Ñ,˛!ì˛ Á ≤ÃFäÈyÎ˚yÈÙÈv˛z˛ôFäÈyÎ˚yÓ˚ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yó Óhfl$˛ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ¢)!â˛!äÈo Á ¢)!â˛!äÈo
ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ˛ôî≈yÓ˚ î)Ó˚c ˛ô!Ó˚Óì≈˛ò £ˆÏú ≤Ã!ì˛Ñ,˛!ì˛Ó˚ ≤ÃÑ˛, !ì˛ ˆÑ˛õò £ˆÏÓ ˆ¢£z ïyÓ˚íy £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ
˛ôÓ˚#«˛y!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ˆ¢£z ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ ¢!Ñ ˛Î˚¶˛yˆÏÓ xÇü@˘Ã£í
Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S10V !òã £yˆÏì˛ üƒyˆÏv˛y xy›≈˛ÈÙÈ~Ó˚ ܇˛ˆÏòÓ˚ õyÏõ ¢,!T˛ü#ú Á òy®!òÑ˛ £ˆÏÎ˚ Á‡˛y
S11V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛ö˛úˆÏòÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ≤Ã!ì˛ö˛úò ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ≤Ãâ˛!úì˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïyÓ˚íyÓ˚ ≤Ãâ˛!úì˛ üˆÏ∑Ó˚ ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ñ ≤Ã!ì˛ö˛úˆÏòÓ˚ ˜Ó˚!ÖÑ˛ äÈ!Ó xAÑ˛ò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ì˛y ˆÌˆÏÑ ≤Ã!ì˛ö˛úò
¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ !òÎ˚õyÓ!ú !úÖˆÏì˛ñ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S12V ≤Ã!ì˛ö˛úˆÏòÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆ¶Ï ˛î Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ Á !Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛zîy£Ó˚í v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy !îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S13V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÈÙÈ˛ôÎ≈ˆÏÓ«˛í myÓ˚y î%£z !¶˛ß¨ xyˆÏúyÑ˛#Î˚ õyÏõÓ˚ !ӈ϶˛îì˛ú
Á ≤Ã!ì˛¢Ó˚í ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ˆ¢£z ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ äÈ!Ó
x§yÑ˛ˆÏì˛ Á ì˛yÓ˚ ÓƒyÖƒy !îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S14V xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛¢Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ !òÎ˚ˆÏõÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ˆ¢£z ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü !òˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S15V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛!Ó¡∫ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï ïyÓ˚íyˆÏÑ˛ Ñ˛yˆÏã úy!܈ÏÎ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛!Ó¡∫ ¢,!T˛Ó˚ Ñ˛yÓ˚í ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á
ì˛yÓ˚ äÈ!Ó x§yÑ˛ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
14
vþzF‰þéôé²Ìyí!›„þ þ™yàþ„Êþ› ç þ™yàþÄ¢)!‰þ
S16V ¢õì˛ú î˛ô≈ˆí Ü!‡˛ì˛ ≤Ã!ì˛!ӈϡ∫Ó˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ !ӰψÏÎ˚Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ !Ó!¶˛ß¨
˛ôÓ˚#«˛y!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˆ¢£z !ӰψÏÎ˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü @˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì Á˛
v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S17V ¢õì˛ú î˛ô≈ˆÏí Óhfl$˛Ó˚ ˛ôyŸª≈˛ô!Ó˚Óì≈˛ò !ӰψÏÎ˚ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á
xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ïˆÏõ≈Ó˚ Óyhfl˛Ó ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ !òˆÏÎ˚ ¢!Ñ ˛Î˚¶˛yˆÏÓ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò
≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S18V ≤Ã!ì˛¢Ó˚í ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ᛲòyÓ˚ £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á
ˆ¢£z !ӰψÎÏ ˚ ¢!Ñ ˛Î˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S19V Óí≈yú#Ó˚ Á !ÓFä%ÈÓ˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ïyÓ˚íy xã≈ò Á !ÓFä%ÈÓ˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ¢yˆÏÌ ˆÎÔ!ÜÑ˛ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y– ¢yîy xyˆÏúy Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ÓˆÏí≈Ó˚ xyˆÏúy myÓ˚y Ü!‡˛ì˛ ì˛y ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
Á ì˛yÓ˚ ≤ÃyÑ,˛!ì˛Ñ˛ ᛲòyÓ˚ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S20V xî,üƒ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ Sx!ì˛ˆÏÓÜ%!ò Ó˚!Ÿ¬ Á ~: Ó˚!Ÿ¬V x!hfl˛c ¢¡∫ˆÏrï ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y–
õyòÓfl˛∫yˆÏfĩÓ˚ v˛z˛ôÓ˚ ~£z xî,üƒ xyˆÏúyÓ˚ ≤ö˛yÓ ¢¡∫ˆÏrï ¢õƒÑ˛ ïyÓ˚íy xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y–
!â˛!Ñ˛Í¢y ˆ«˛ˆÏe ~: Ó˚!Ÿ¬Ó˚ ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü ¢¡∫ˆrÏ ï ïyÓ˚íy v˛zˆÕÏ Ö‘ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S21V xyˆÏúy Ñ˛# ¶˛yˆÏÓ ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ òyòyò üyÓ˚#Ó˚Ó,_#Î˚ Ñ˛yˆÏã ≤ö˛yÓ !Óhfl˛yÓ˚ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ˆ¢£z !ӰψÏÎ˚
xò%¢!rïÍ¢% £ˆÏÎ˚ !Ñ˛ä%È ¢£ã ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Á ˛ôÎ≈ˆÏÓ«˛í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤ÃyÆ ì˛Ìƒ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S22V ≤ÃyÆ ì˛ÌƒˆÏÑ˛ xòƒyòƒ xãyòy ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˆ«˛ˆÏe ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SÜV â%˛¡∫Ñ˛ S1V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ˆâ˛Ô¡∫Ñ˛ Á xˆÏâ˛Ô¡∫Ñ˛ ˛ôîyˆÏÌÓ≈ ˚ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚
˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ñ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S2V â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ≤Ãâ˛!úì˛ £z!ì˛£yˆÏ¢Ó˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ˛ô!Ó˚!â˛!ì˛ úy¶˛ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛yÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ïyÓ˚íy
xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y
S3V â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛î v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ !îÑ˛ÈÙÈ!òˆÏî≈ü ïˆÏõ≈Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy £yˆÏì˛ÈÙÈ Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ Á ≤Èϟ¿Ó˚ õyÏõ
xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y Á x!ã≈ì˛ K˛yò v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ xyÑ˛°Ï≈í# ïõ≈ˆÏÑ˛ Ñ˛yˆÏã úy!܈ÏÎ˚ â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ˆõÓ˚% Á
v˛zîy¢#ò xM˛ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á â%˛¡∫Ñ˛ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛#Î˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïyÓ˚íy Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚¶˛y°Ïy
v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ xyÑ˛°Ï≈í# Á !ÓÑ˛°Ï≈í# ïõ≈ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛
Ñ˛Ó˚y Á úkï K˛yòˆÏÑ˛ Ñ˛yˆÏã úy!܈ÏÎ˚ â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ xyˆÏÓ!ü ïõ≈ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚
ì˛yÓ˚ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Á !â˛hs˛ò ≤Ã!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ Úâ%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ~Ñ˛Ñ˛ ˆõÓ˚%Ó˚ x!hfl˛c ˆÎ ¢Ω˛Ó
òÎ˚Û ì˛y v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Á !â˛hs˛ò ˛≤Ã!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ õyÏõ ˛ô,!ÌÓ#Ó˚ â%˛¡∫Ñ˛ˆÏcÓ˚ x!hfl˛c ¢¡ôˆÏÑ˛≈ ïyÓ˚íy
xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y Á x!ã≈ì˛ ïyÓ˚íyÓ˚ õyÏõ ˛ô,!ÌÓ#Ó˚ ˆ¶˛ÔˆÏÜy!úÑ˛ ˆõÓ˚% Á â%˛¡∫Ñ˛#Î˚ ˆõÓ˚Ó% ˚ õˆÏïƒ
˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ñ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
15
vþzF‰þéôé²Ìyí!›„þ þ™yàþ„Êþ› ç þ™yàþÄ¢)!‰þ
S9V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ì˛!v˛¸Í â%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ úkï K˛yòˆÏÑ˛ xÓú¡∫ò
Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛!v˛¸ÍÈÙÈâ%˛¡∫ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á v˛zîy£Ó˚í
!îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛!v˛¸ÍÈÙÈâ%˛¡∫Ñ˛ ¢¡∫!úì˛ ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ ÓƒÓ£yˆÏÓ˚ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ¢yÓïyòì˛y ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S10V ˛ô,!ÌÓ#Ó˚ â%˛¡∫Ñ˛c ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ïyÓ˚íy äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S11V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚Ñ ˛õˆÏíÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ˛ô,!ÌÓ#Ó˚ â%˛¡∫Ñ˛ˆÏcÓ˚ Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛yÓ˚í ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S12V ˆõÓ˚% ˆãƒy!ì˛ ÓúˆÏÎ˚Ó˚ ¢,!T˛ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛îñ Á ì˛yͲôÎ≈ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S13V ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò ã#ˆÏÓ ˆâ˛Ô¡∫Ñ˛#Î˚ Óhfl$˛Ó˚ v˛z˛ô!fiÌ!ì˛ xyˆÏäÈ ÙÈì˛yÓ˚ x!hfl˛c v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SáV ì˛!v˛¸Í S1V ˆ¢ú Á Óƒy›˛y!Ó˚Ó˚ õˆÏïƒ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yó ≤Ãyì˛ƒ!£Ñ˛ x!¶˛K˛ì˛yÓ˚ !¶˛!_ˆÏì˛ ˆ¢ˆÏúÓ˚
õïƒfiÌ Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ ü!=˛Ó˚ ˜Óî%ƒ!ì˛Ñ˛ ü!=˛ˆÏì˛ Ó˚˛) ôyhs˛ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˚ ïyÓ˚íy ܇˛òó ≤Ãy£zõy!Ó˚ ˆ¢ú Óy
!v˛¢ˆÏ˛ôyˆÏãÓú ˆ¢ˆÏúÓ˚ ¢yˆÏÌ ˛ô!Ó˚!â˛!ì˛ £ÁÎ˚yó ˆ¢ˆÏúÓ˚ ïòydÑ˛ Á }íydÑ˛ ≤Ãyhs˛ˆÏÑ˛ !â˛!£´ì˛
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yó ≤Ãy£zõy!Ó˚ñ ˆ¢ˆÏÑ˛u˛y!Ó˚ Á Óy›˛ò ˆ¢ˆÏúÓ˚ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ˛≈ ïyÓ˚íy xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y
S2V ˜Óî%ƒ!ì˛Ñ˛ ÓyˆÏÕ∫Ó˚ ܇˛ò ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ≤ÃyÌ!õÑ˛ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚yó
S3V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÈ!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ¢y!Ñ≈˛ˆÏ›˛Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚yó x!ã≈ì˛ K˛yò ˆÌˆÏÑ˛
õ%=˛ Á ÓÂïÓì≈˛ò#Ó˚ ïyÓ˚íy ܇˛òó Óì≈˛ò# ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛z˛ôÑ˛Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ òyõ !úÖˆÏì˛ñ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ
Ó%G˛ˆÏì˛ Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ˆ¢£z !â˛£´Ü%!úÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ Óì≈˛ò#Ó˚ äÈ!Ó
x§yÑ˛ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõñ ¢%£zⲠ˜ì˛!Ó˚ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ¢%£zˆÏâ˛Ó˚ Ñ˛yÎ≈ò#!ì˛ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ïyÓ˚íy úy¶˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
Á úkï ïyÓ˚íyˆÏÑ˛ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ˛≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÈ!òÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ ¢%˛ô!Ó˚Óy£# Á Ñ%˛˛ô!Ó˚Óy£# ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ õˆÏïƒ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ
!òÓ˚)˛ôí Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ !â˛!£´ì˛Ñ˛Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V Ú˛ô!Ó˚Óy£#Ó˚ õïƒ !îˆÏÎ˚ ì˛!v˛¸Í â˛yúòy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏú ˛ô!Ó˚Óy£# ì˛yˆÏ˛ôÓ˚ v˛zqÓ áˆÏ›˛ÛÈÙÈ ˆ¢£z ïyÓ˚íy
£yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ õyÏõ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xyˆÏúyâ˛òy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V ì˛!v˛¸Í ≤ÃÓyˆÏ£Ó˚ ö˛ˆÏú ˛ô!Ó˚Óy£#ˆÏì˛ v˛zͲôߨ ì˛yˆÏ˛ôÓ˚ ÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ â˛úˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yÓ˚ v˛zîy£Ó˚í !úÖˆÏì˛ñ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ~ÓÇ ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V ˆ¢ÔÓ˚ü!=˛ˆÏÑ˛ ì˛!v˛¸Íü!=˛ v˛zͲôyîˆÏòÓ˚ Ñ˛yˆÏã ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚ ÈÙÈ ïyÓ˚íy!›˛ˆÏÑ˛ ˛ô!Ó˚!â˛ì˛ ¢£ãú¶˛ƒ
ˆ¢yúyÓ˚ £zˆÏúÑ˛›˛Δ!òÑ˛ ΈÏs˛fÓ˚ v˛zîy£Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚y Á xò%Ó˚)˛ô ΈÏs˛fÓ˚ v˛zîy£Ó˚í
!îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛y !òˆÏÎ˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛zîy£Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ üÓ˚#Ó˚Ó,_#Ó˚ !Ñ ˛Î˚yÎ˚ ì˛!v˛¸Íü!=˛Ó˚ ≤ö˛yÓ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ
!úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
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SÜV ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ S1V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ õ)úˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ òyˆÏõÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ì˛yÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ñ â˛yã≈ Á ˆÎyãƒì˛yÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
ˆúÖyÓ˚ ˆÑ˛Ôüú S2V ˛ô!Ó˚Óì≈˛òü#ú ˆÎyãƒì˛y ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ïyÓ˚íy ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V ˆõÔˆÏúÓ˚ !â˛£´ Á õ)úˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ ~ÓÇ ˆÎyãƒì˛yÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ ˆÎÔˆÏÜÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ïyì˛Ó Á xïyì˛Ó xyÎ˚ò Óy õ)úˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ Á â˛yã≈ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ â˛yã≈ ≤ÃüõˆÏòÓ˚ õyÏõ
xyÎ˚ò#Î˚ ˆÎÔˆÏÜÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆÎÔˆÏÜÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ˆÏì˛Ó˚ õˆÏïƒ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SáV S1V ˆÑ˛yˆÏòy Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚Ñ˛ Á Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ ¢õ#Ñ˛Ó˚í !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yãyì˛ ˛ôîyÌ≈
Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ myÓ˚y !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
!Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚y S2V Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚y ᛲˆÏú ì˛yˆÏ˛ôÓ˚ v˛zqÓ Óy ˆüy°Ïí ᛲˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ !Ñ˛òy ˆ¢ ¢¡∫rï#Î˚ ≤ß¿
Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ïyÓ˚íy ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚Ñ˛ Á !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yãyì˛ ˛ôîyˆÏÌÓ≈ ˚ òyõ Á ¢ÇˆÏÑ˛ì˛ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚
¢õ#Ñ˛Ó˚í !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ ¢õ#Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ¢õì˛y!Óïyò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SàV
S1V !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ ¢õ#Ñ˛Ó˚í ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yˆÏÑ˛ ˆ◊!í!Ó¶˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛
!Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ S2V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïÓ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚y !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛î S3V !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚y Á !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yãyì˛ ˛ôîyÌ≈ Óúy ÌyÑ˛ˆÏú xˆÏ˛ô«˛yÑ,˛ì˛ ¢Ó˚ú !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ ˆ«˛ˆÏe !Ó!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚
≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ ÓúˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
4. ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü SÑ˛V ã#ÓˆÏî£ S1V ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ˆÏì˛ ÌyÑ˛y ˆõÔˆÏúÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚õyˆÏíÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y Á ˜ãÓ ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y ¢ˆÏAÜ õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£Ó˚
܇˛ˆÏò ܇˛ˆÏò x˜ÏãÓ Ü‡˛òÜì˛ Á Ñ˛yÎ≈Üì˛¶˛yˆÏÓ v˛z˛ôˆÏÎyÜ# ˆõÔúÜ%ˆÏúyÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚õyˆÏíÓ˚ ì%˛úòy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ Á ˜ãÓ S2V Ú!Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïÓ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ ˜ãÓ ˆÎÔÜ ˜ì˛!Ó˚Ó˚ «˛õì˛y£z ˆÎ ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ ïõ≈ÛÈÙÈì˛y v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈ S3V ã#ÓˆÏî£ Ü‡˛ˆÏò Ñ˛yÓ≈òñ £y£zˆÏv»˛yˆÏãòñ òy£zˆÏ›˛ΔyˆÏãò Á x!:ˆÏãˆÏòÓ˚ Ü%Ó˚%c v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
¶)˛!õÑ˛y
˛ôyÓ˚y Á ≤Ãy¢!AÜÑ˛ v˛zîy£Ó˚í !îˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ã#ÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ãú Á !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïyì˛Ó xyÎ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛Ó˚í
¢¡ôÑ≈˛ !òí≈Î˚ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SÖV ¢yïyÓ˚í S1V ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ˆÏì˛ ÌyÑ˛y !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xy!¡‘Ñ˛ oˆÏÓƒÓ˚ xy!¡‘Ñ˛ Á «˛yÓ˚#Î˚ oÓƒ òyõ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛
x!¶˛K˛ì˛y ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ üòy=˛Ñ˛Ó˚í ïõ≈ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ S2V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛yÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ xƒy!¢ˆÏv˛Ó˚ !Ñ˛ä%È !ÓˆÏü°Ï ïˆÏõ≈Ó˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ˛ô!Ó˚!â˛ì˛ £ÁÎ˚y
S3V £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y myÓ˚y «˛yÓ˚ˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ ïõ≈ Á ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ≤Ãyì˛ƒ!£Ñ˛ ã#ÓˆÏò xƒy!¢v˛ Á «˛yÓ˚ïõ≈# ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ ÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ˆ«˛e !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
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5. õyò%ˆÏ°ÏÓ˚ SÑ˛V Öyîƒ S1V ü!=˛ v˛zͲôyîò Á ˆÓ˚yÜ ≤Ã!ì˛ˆÏÓ˚yˆÏïÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ÖyˆÏîƒÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyò S2V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£Ó˚ òyòy ¢õ¢ƒyÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyˆÏòÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V !òÓ˚y!õ°Ï Á xy!õ°Ï ÖyˆÏîƒÓ˚ òyõ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ˆÑ˛yò Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyò ˆÑ˛yò
ïÓ˚ˆòÏ Ó˚ ÖyˆÏîƒ ˆÓ!ü ÌyÑ˛ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ
≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚y ~ÓÇ úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V Öyîƒì˛y!úÑ˛yÓ˚ !ÓˆÏü°Ï !ÓˆÏü°Ï ÖyˆÏîƒ Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyˆÏòÓ˚ v˛z˛ô!fiÌ!ì˛ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
~ÓÇ ~Ñ˛y!ïÑ˛ Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyò ¢õ,Âï xòƒyòƒ ÖyˆÏîƒÓ˚ òyõ ì˛y!úÑ˛yÎ˚ ˆÎyÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V ~Ñ˛£z ÖyˆÏîƒ ~Ñ˛y!ïÑ˛ Öyîƒ v˛z˛ôyîyˆÏòÓ˚ v˛z˛ô!fiÌ!ì˛ !òˆÏÎ˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚y Á
ì˛y!úÑ˛y ¢¡ô)í≈ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S6V üÑ≈˛Ó˚yñ ˆ≤Ãy!›˛òñ ö˛ƒy›˛ñ !¶˛›˛y!õòñ Ö!òã ˆõÔúñ ãú ì˛hs$˛ Á v˛z!qI Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òˆÏÑ˛Ó˚
!Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛z!qI Á ≤Ãyí#ã v˛zÍ¢ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ì˛y!úÑ˛yÎ˚ òyõ !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V ˆîˆÏ£ üÑ≈˛Ó˚y ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ Óy õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ üÑ≈˛Ó˚yÓ˚ Ü%Ó˚%c !òˆÏÎ˚ ≤ß¿
Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S8V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£Ó˚ ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò xˆÏAÜ ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò ˆ≤Ãy!›˛ò ÌyˆÏÑ˛ ì˛yÓ˚ òyõ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ˆ≤Ãy!›˛ˆÏòÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛yÜ%!ú v˛zˆÕÏ Ö‘ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ x!ì˛!Ó˚=˛ ˆ≤Ãy!›˛ò ãõy £ˆÏú
Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y xò%ïyÓò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S10V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ !ú!˛ôˆÏv˛Ó˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛yÜ%!ú ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ x!ì˛!Ó˚=˛ !ú!˛ôv˛ ãõy
£ˆÏú Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S11V !¶˛›˛y!õˆÏòÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛îÜ%!úÓ˚ òyõñ ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ v˛zÍ¢ Á x¶˛yÓã!òì˛ ú«˛íÜ%!úÓ˚ òyõ v˛zˆÏÕÖ‘
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S12V Ö!òã ˆõÔˆÏúÓ˚ñ ãúñ ì˛hs$˛Ó˚ñ v˛z!qI Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òˆÏÑ˛Ó˚ x¶˛yˆÏÓÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ¢Ç!Ÿ’T˛ ¢õ¢ƒyÜ%!ú
!â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ~ˆÏîÓ˚ Ü%Ó˚%c v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á xò%ïyÓò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
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˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ÜˆÏv˛¸ ˆì˛yúy
Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ !ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚y
S8V ≤Ã!ì˛!îˆÏòÓ˚ Öyîƒì˛y!úÑ˛yÓ˚ ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò Öyîƒ xhs˛¶%≈˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò ~ÓÇ ˆÑ˛yòÜ%!ú
~!v˛¸ˆÏÎ˚ â˛úy îÓ˚Ñ˛yÓ˚ ˆ¢ Óƒy˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆ◊!íÓ˚ Öyîƒ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SÜV ã#ÓˆÏò S1V äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ õyò%°Ï¢£ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˆ«˛ˆÏe ãˆÏúÓ˚ Ü%Ó˚%c ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy
ãˆÏúÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S2V ˛ô,!ÌÓ#Ó˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ fiÌyˆÏò ãú Ñ˛#¶˛yˆÏÓ xÓfiÌyò Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
Á ì˛y!úÑ˛y ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V !õ!T˛ ãú ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ òyòy ì˛Ìƒ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛y!úÑ˛yÎ˚ òyòy ì˛Ìƒ ¢ÇˆÏÎyãò
Ñ˛Ó˚y
S4V ãú ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ üÓ˚#ˆÏÓ˚ Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V î)!°Ïì˛ ãú ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ˆÓ˚yÜ ¢ÇÑ ˛õí Ñ˛#¶˛yˆÏÓ ˆ‡˛Ñ˛yˆÏòy ÎyÎ˚ ˆ¢ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í
Ñ˛Ó˚yñ £yˆÏì˛ÈÈÑ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S6V ãú ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ¢õyò%¶)˛!ì˛ñ ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ÜˆÏv˛¸ ˆì˛yúy Á òy®!òÑ˛
ˆÓyˆÏïÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü ᛲyˆÏòy
S7V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ Óhfl$˛ñ ã#ÓˆÏî£ Á õyò%ˆÏ°ÏÓ˚ ˆîˆÏ£ ãˆÏúÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚õyˆÏíÓ˚ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ãˆÏúÓ˚ òyòyÓ˚%ˆÏ˛ô xÓfiÌyò ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xˆÏAÜ ãˆÏúÓ˚
˛ô!Ó˚õyˆÏíÓ˚ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ãˆÏúÓ˚ ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ òyòy ¢õ¢ƒyÓ˚ ¢õyïyò ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S10V ã#ÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ãˆÏúÓ˚ ¢%!ò!î≈T˛ ¶)˛!õÑ˛yÜ%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S11V õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ ãú˛ôyò Á ãúì˛ƒyÜ ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ì˛y!úÑ˛y Á ¢Ç!Ÿ’T˛ òyòy ¢õ¢ƒyÓ˚ ¢õyïyò
ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S12V ¢%fiÌ ÌyÑ˛ˆÏì˛ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ ˛ô!Ó˚õyí ãú˛ôyò ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ì˛Ìƒ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
˛ôyÓ˚yñ úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ãú˛ôyò ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛y Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú
õˆÏòy¶˛yˆÏÓÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü ᛲyˆÏòy
S13V ãˆÏúÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆ¶˛Ôì˛ïˆÏõ≈Ó˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ãˆÏúÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ¶)˛!õÑ˛yÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ
ÓƒyÖƒy Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SàV Öyîƒ S1V v˛z!qˆÏîÓ˚ ã#ÓˆÏò xyˆÏúy Á ãˆÏúÓ˚ ¶˛)!õÑ˛y !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ≤ÃyÆ ö˛úyö˛ú
˜ì˛!Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ãú ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
Á xyˆÏúyÓ˚ S2V Ó˚yߨyáˆÏÓ˚ Öyîƒ ˜ì˛!Ó˚ Á v˛z!qîˆÏîˆÏ£ Öyîƒ ˜ì˛!Ó˚Ó˚ ≤Ã!Ñ ˛Î˚yÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ ì%˛úòy Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ òyòy ì˛Ìƒ
¶)˛!õÑ˛y ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
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24
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S7V ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü Ó˚«˛yÎ˚ Ñ˛y[˛ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛Í¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛
¢õyò%¶)˛!ì˛ Á ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ÜˆÏv˛¸ ˆì˛yúy Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú õyò!¢Ñ˛ì˛yÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü
ᛲyˆÏòy
SÜV ˛ôyì˛y S1V äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ òyõ ÓúˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S2V ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ òõ%òy ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛yÓ˚ äÈ!Ó xy§Ñ˛ˆÏì˛ Á xyÑ˛yÓ˚ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xLjÏüÓ˚ òyõñ ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ ˜Ó!üT˛ƒñ ˛˛ô!Ó˚Óì≈˛òñ ì˛yͲôÎ≈ Á Ñ˛yã ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ñ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ £yˆÏì˛ÈÑ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ñ
ì˛y!úÑ˛yÓ˚ ü)òƒfiÌyò ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ˛yÓ˚ˆÏ¶˛ˆÏîÓ˚ ïÓ˚ò äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ~ïÓ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ ˛ôyì˛yÎ%=˛
v˛z!qˆÏîÓ˚ òyõ ì˛Ìƒ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S5V v˛z!qˆÏîÓ˚ ã#ÓˆÏòñÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ã#ÓˆÏò Á ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓˆÏü ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ òyòy ¶)˛!õÑ˛y v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á
ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V úkï K˛yò ˛≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ v˛z!qî ¢ÇÓ˚«˛í !ӰψÏÎ˚ ¢,!T˛ü#ú Á òy®!òÑ˛ õˆÏòy¶˛yˆÏÓÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü
ᛲyˆÏòy
S7V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ õyˆÏ˛ôÓ˚ ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ ˛ôyì˛yÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚õy˛ô ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ¢õ¢ƒy £yˆÏì˛ÈÈÑ˛úˆÏõ ÜíòyÓ˚ õyÏõ
¢õyïyò Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SáV ö%˛ú S1V äÈ!ÓˆÏì˛ ˆîÖyˆÏòy òyòy ö%˛ú ¢!‡˛Ñ˛¶˛yˆÏÓ !â˛ˆÏò ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ òyõ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S2V ö%˛ˆÏúÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xÇüˆÏÑ˛ £yˆÏì˛ ÈÑ˛úˆÏõ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ xyúyîy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ òyõ
ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚ ˜Ó!üT˛ƒ !òˆÏÎ˚ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛
≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ˜Ó!üˆÏT˛ƒÓ˚ ì˛yͲôÎ≈ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V ö%˛ú ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ òyòy ˆÓÔ!ÂïÑ˛ ≤Èϟ¿Ó˚ v˛z_Ó˚ äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V v˛z!qˆÏîÓ˚ ã#ÓˆÏòñ ÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ã#ÓˆÏò Á ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓˆÏü ö%˛ú ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ òyòy ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ
v˛z˛ôÎ%=˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ¢Ω˛yÓƒ ¢õyïyò ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V ö%˛ú ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ òy®!òÑ˛ Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú õˆÏòy¶˛yˆÏÓÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü ᛲyˆÏòy
SàV ö˛ú S1V ö˛ú ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ Ñ˛ì˛Ñ˛Ü%!ú ì˛Ìƒ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ñ˛≤ß¿ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ¢Ç@˘Ã£
Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S2V ö˛ˆÏúÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xÇüˆÏÑ˛ !â˛òˆÏì˛ñ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ £yˆÏì˛Ñ˛úˆÏõ ö˛ú !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ôÓ˚#«˛y Ñ˛Ó˚y ~ÓÇ
˛≤ÃyÆ ì˛Ìƒ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛¶˛yˆÏÓ ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V v˛z˛ôÎ%=˛ v˛zîy£Ó˚í ˛≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïÓ˚ˆòÏ Ó˚ ö˛ˆÏúÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ ˛ôyÌ≈Ñ˛ƒ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ
˛ôyÌ≈ˆÑÏ ˛ƒÓ˚ Ñ˛yÓ˚í ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚yñ xyÓ˚Á v˛zîy£Ó˚í ì˛y!úÑ˛yÎ˚ ¢ÇˆÏθ yãò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ö%˛ú ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ö˛ˆÏúÓ˚ Ó˚˛) ôyhs˛ˆÏÓÓ˚ ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ¢Ç!Ÿ’T˛ xÇüÜ%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤Èϟ¿Ó˚ õyÏõ ≤ÃyÆ ì˛Ìƒ ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ !¢Âïyhs˛
@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
25
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26
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27
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SÜV Óãƒ≈ Á S1V äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ Óã≈ƒ ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛zÍ¢Ü%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y Á Óã≈ƒ ˛ôîyˆÏÌ≈Ó˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛Ü%!ú
õyòÓfl˛∫yˆÏfĩÓ˚ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤Èϟ¿ !ãK˛y¢yÓ˚ õyÏõ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
G%˛§ !Ñ˛ S2V Á˛ôˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ ä!ÓÜ%!ú ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ≤ÃyÆK˛yò ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ Óãƒ≈ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ¢¡ô)í≈ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛
˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V Óãƒ≈ õyò!â˛ˆÏeÓ˚ ö˛y§Ñ˛y fiÌyò ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛yÓ˚ ¢y£yˆÏ΃ ì˛y!úÑ˛yÓ˚ ö˛y§Ñ˛y fiÌyò ¢¡ô)í≈
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ÓˆÏãƒ≈Ó˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ õyòÓ üÓ˚#ˆÏÓ˚ ¢ÇÑ ˛y!õì˛ òyòy ˆÓ˚yˆÏÜÓ˚ Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛Ó˚# ¢¡ô≈Ñ˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V â˛yÓ˚˛ôyˆÏü ÌyÑ˛y õyò%°ÏˆÏîÓ˚ Óãƒ≈ ˛ôîyÌ≈ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ¢,T˛ ¢õ¢ƒy Ö%§ˆÏã ÓyÓ˚ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ¢!Ñ ˛Î˚¶˛yˆÏÓ
xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛Ó˚y ~ÓÇ úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V Óãƒ≈ ˛ôîyÌ≈ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ¢,T˛ ˆÓ˚yÜ Óy G%˛§!Ñ˛ ~v˛¸yˆÏì˛ x¢yÓïyòì˛y Á xfl˛∫yfiÌƒÑ˛Ó˚ x¶˛ƒy¢
˛ô!Ó˚£yÓ˚ Ñ˛Ó˚yÓ˚ ãòƒ ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛y Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ !ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ¢ˆÏâ˛T˛ £ÁÎ˚y
SáV ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü S1V ÜyäÈ ¢¡ô≈!Ñ˛ì˛ fl˛∫y¶˛y!ÓÑ˛ Á ˛ô!Ó˚Ó!ì≈˛ì˛ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓˆÏüÓ˚ òyòy äÈ!ÓÓ˚ !Ó°ÏÎ˚Óhfl˛˛%ÓúˆÏì˛ñ
Ó˚«˛yÎ˚ ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S2V ÓyÎ˚%õ[˛ˆÏúÓ˚ ¶˛yÓ˚¢yõƒ Ó˚«˛yÎ˚ ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í
Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓˆÏüÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚Óì≈˛ò ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˛ô!Ó˚!â˛ì˛ ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ x!ïÑ˛ Co2 ˆüy°ÏˆÏí ¢«˛õ ÜyäÈÜ%!úˆÏÑ˛ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ≤ß¿
Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
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S4V ÜyäÈ Á ≤Ãyí#Ó˚ !ò¶≈˛Ó˚ü#úì˛y ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy˚ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ~£z ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛
ì˛y!úÑ˛y ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V ÖyîƒÈÙÈÖyîÑ˛ ¢¡ôÑ˛≈Î%=˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ Öyîƒü,CˆÏúÓ˚ ã#ÓÜ%!úˆÏÑ˛ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛¶˛yˆÏÓ !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
˛ôyÓ˚y Á Öyîƒü,Cú ¢¡ô)í≈ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V Öyîƒü,CˆÏúÓ˚ ¢¡ô≈!Ñ˛ì˛ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ˛ô)Ó˚ˆÏíÓ˚ ãòƒ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛
˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ≤ÃyÆ ì˛ˆÏ̃Ó˚
!¶˛!_ˆÏì˛ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ¢¡ô)í≈ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V ãúâ˛Ñ ˛ñ ì˛y˛ôõyey Á G˛ˆÏv˛¸Ó˚ Ü!ì˛ˆÏÓÜ !òÎ˚s˛fˆÏí ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ ¶)˛!õÑ˛y ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ òyòy ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤ÃyÆ ì˛Ìƒ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ
úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü î)°íÏ õy!›˛Ó˚ «˛Î˚ !òÎ˚s˛fˆíÏ Á ã#ˆÏÓÓ˚ xy◊Î˚fiÌú Ó˚ˆ% ˛Ï ô ÜyäÈ Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¶)˛!õÑ˛y ˛ôyúò
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ˆ¢ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ ãò#Î˚ ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ
¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á òyòy ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ òyòy ¶)˛!õÑ˛y ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ïÓ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ xÓ˚ˆÏíƒ ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò ≤Ãyí# ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ñ òyòy ¢)e ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ì˛Ìƒ ¢Ç@˘Ã£ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y
ì˛y!úÑ˛y¶%˛=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y
S10V ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ ¢ÇÖƒy Ñ˛õˆÏú ˆÑ˛yò ˆÑ˛yò ≤Ãyí# !Ó˛ôߨ £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛yÓ˚í
¢¡ôÑ≈˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ Á£z ¢Ñ˛ú !Ó˛ôߨ v˛z!qî Á ≤Ãyí#ÈÙÈˆÑ˛
Óy§â˛yˆÏì˛ ¢õyò%¶˛) !ì˛Ó˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ãy@˘Ãì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ¢,!T˛ü#ú õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ !ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚y
S11V üˆÏ∑Ó˚ ≤ÃyÓˆÏúƒÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ÜyˆÏäÈÓ˚ Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛yÓ˚í ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚yÓ˚
ãòƒ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚yñ ≤Èϟ¿Ó˚ !¶˛!_ˆÏì˛ ≤ÃyÆ ì˛Ìƒ
ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ÜyäÈ ˛ô§ì% ˛ˆÏì˛ ¢,!T˛ü#ú Á òy®!òÑ˛ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ
!ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚y
S12V ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü Ó˚«˛y Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ~õò òyòy ÜyäȈÏÑ˛ äÈ!Ó ˆîˆÏÖ !â˛òˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yˆÏîÓ˚
v˛z˛ôÎ%=˛ ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü ¢ÇÖƒy Ó,!ÂïˆÏì˛ Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ˛Ó˚# õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ @˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yñ¢,!T˛ü#ú
Á òy®!òÑ˛ õˆÏòy¶˛yˆÏÓÓ˚ !ÓÑ˛yü ᛲyˆÏòy
8. ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓü SÑ˛V S1V ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤Èϟ¿y_ˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ ˜î!£Ñ˛ õyÏõ õyòÓã#ÓˆÏò ˜Ïî!òÑ˛
Á ãòfl˛∫yfĩ ˛ô!Ó˚ˆÏÓˆÏüÓ˚ ÓƒÓ£,ì˛ ïyì%˛Ó˚ òyõ ÓúˆÏì˛ Á !úÖˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ïyì%˛Ó˚ ¶˛)!õÑ˛y ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
¢ÇÑ˛›˛ Á S2V õyò%ˆÏ°ÏÓ˚ üÓ˚#ˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xLjÏü ïyì%˛Ó˚ ≤ö˛yÓã!òì˛ v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈Ü%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
fl˛∫yfĩ S3V õyòÓ üÓ˚#ˆÏÓ˚ ˛ôyÓ˚îñ xyˆÏ¢≈!òÑ˛ Á öœ$˛ÁÓ˚y£zv˛ ≤ÈÏÓˆÏüÓ˚ v˛zÍ¢Ü%!ú üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V xyˆÏ¢≈!òÑ˛ Á öœ$˛ÁÓ˚y£zv˛ õyòÓˆÏîˆÏ£ Ñ˛#¶˛yˆÏÓ «˛!ì˛Ñ˛yÓ˚Ñ˛ ≤ö˛yÓ ¢,!T˛ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V xyÑ ˛yhs˛ Óƒ!=˛ˆÏîÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛ ¢õyò%¶)˛!ì˛ Á ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ≤ÃÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚y
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SÖV õyò%ˆÏ°ÏÓ˚ S1V ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òy Á ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤Èϟ¿y_ˆÏÓ˚Ó˚ õyÏõ äÈ!ÓˆÏì˛ v˛z!Õ‘!Öì˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆ˛ôüyÓ˚
!Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆ˛ôüyÈÙ ¢ˆÏAÜ ¢Ç!Ÿ’T˛ ˆÓ˚yÜÜ%!ú Óy v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈Ü%!úÓ˚ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ fiÌy˛ôò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
¢õ¢ƒy Á S2V ˆ˛ôüyÜì˛ ˆÓ˚yˆÏÜÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ˆ¶˛Ôì˛ Á Ó˚y¢yÎ˚!òÑ˛ Ñ˛yÓ˚íÜ%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yÓ˚
ˆÓ˚yÜ ãòƒ ¢,T˛ ˆÓ˚yÜ/v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈Ü%!úÓ˚ òyõ v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S3V üyÓ˚#!Ó˚Ñ˛ ◊ˆÏõÓ˚ ˆ˛ôüy ˛ô!Ó˚Ó!ì≈˛ì˛ £ˆÏÎ˚ x!ïÑ˛ õyò!¢Ñ˛ ◊ˆÏõÓ˚ ˆ˛ôüyˆÏì˛ ˛ô!Ó˚Ó!ì≈˛ì˛
£ˆÏú Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy ¢,!T˛ £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V òyòy ˆ˛ôüyÎ˚ !òÎ%=˛ Óƒ!=˛ˆÏîÓ˚ ¢Ç!Ÿ’T˛ ˆÓ˚yÜ/¢õ¢ƒy ¢ÇÑ ˛yhs˛ ì˛y!úÑ˛y ü∑¶˛y[˛yÓ˚ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛
v˛z˛ôÎ%=˛ ü∑ !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V ~Ñ˛y!ïÑ˛ ˆ˛ôüyÎ˚ ~Ñ˛£z v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈ Óy ~Ñ˛ ïÓ˚ˆÏòÓ˚ ˆ˛ôüyˆÏì˛ ˆÎ !Ó!¶˛ß¨ v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈/¢õ¢ƒy
¢,!T˛ £ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ ≤ÈÏÎ˚yãò#Î˚ ¢yÓïyòì˛y xÓú¡∫ò Ñ˛ˆÏÓ˚ xyÑ ˛yhs˛ Óƒ!=˛ˆÏîÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛
¢õyò%¶)˛!ì˛ Á ¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛yÓ˚ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ˆ˛ôy°Ïí Ñ˛Ó˚y
S1V fl˛∫yˆÏfĩÓ˚ ≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
SÜV fl˛∫yˆÏfĩÓ˚ S2V üyÓ˚#!Ó˚Ñ˛˛ Á õyò!¢Ñ˛ fl˛∫yfĩ ¶˛yˆÏúy Ó˚yÖyÓ˚ v˛z˛ôyÎ˚Ü!% ú ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆìÏ ˛
≤ÃÑ,˛!ì˛ S˜î!£Ñ˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y Á ì˛yÓ˚ ãòƒ ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ ≤ÈŸÏ ¿y_Ó˚ Á ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛ xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü@˘Ã£í Ñ˛Ó˚y
Á õyò!¢Ñ˛V S3V fl˛∫yfĩÓ˚«˛y Á ˆÓ˚yÜ ≤Ã!ì˛ˆÏÓ˚yˆÏïÓ˚ òyòy ïyˆÏ˛ôÓ˚ õˆÏïƒ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S4V ˆÓ˚yÜ ≤Ã!ì˛ˆÏÓ˚yˆÏïÓ˚ ¢ÇˆÏÜ ã#ÓòÑ%˛üúì˛yÓ˚ ¢¡ôÑ≈˛ üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S5V ã#ÓòÑ%˛üúì˛yÜ%!úÓ˚ òyõ ÓúˆÏì˛ñ !úÖˆÏì˛ Á üòy=˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y ~ÓÇ ~Ó˚ Ü%Ó˚%c ÓƒyÖƒy
Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S6V Ü“ ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ ˆüÖy ¢õ¢ƒy ˆõyÑ˛yˆÏÓúy Ñ˛Ó˚yÓ˚ Ñ˛%üúì˛y Ñ˛#¶˛yˆÏÓ !òˆÏãÓ˚ ã#ÓˆÏòÓ˚ !Ó!¶˛ß¨
¢õ¢ƒy ¢õyïyˆÏò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S7V xò%¶)˛!ì˛ñ üyÓ˚#!Ó˚Ñ˛ Á õyò!¢Ñ˛ ¢õ¢ƒy ¢¡ô!Ñ≈˛ì˛ Ñ˛õ≈˛ôe ˛ô)Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S8V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ õyò!¢Ñ˛ ¢õ¢ƒyÓ˚ Ñ˛yÓ˚íÜ%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚y Á ì˛yÓ˚ ö˛ˆÏú Ñ˛# Ñ˛# ¢õ¢ƒy Óy ˆÓ˚yÜ
£ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyˆÏÓ˚ ì˛y !úÖˆÏì˛ñÓúˆÏì˛ Á ÓƒyÖƒy Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
S9V !Ó!¶˛ß¨ õyò!¢Ñ˛ ¢õ¢ƒyÓ˚ v˛z˛ô¢Ü≈Ü!% úÓ˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ ô!Ó˚!â˛ì˛ £ÁÎ˚y Á ì˛y !òˆÏÎ˚ ˛ôyÓ˚fl˛ô!Ó˚Ñ˛
xyˆÏúyâ˛òyÎ˚ xÇü ˆòÁÎ˚yñ ≤ß¿ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ!òˆÏãÓ˚ ã#ÓˆÏò úkï K˛yò ≤ÈÎÏ y˚ Ü Ñ˛Ó˚y
S10V õyò!¢Ñ˛ ¢õ¢ƒyÎ˚ xyÑ ˛yhs˛ !üü% /Óƒ!=˛ˆÏîÓ˚ ≤Ã!ì˛ ¢õyò%¶)˛!ì˛ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ ˆ˛ôy°Ïí Ñ˛Ó˚y Á
¢£ˆÏÎy!Üì˛y ˆîÖyˆÏòy
S11V õyò!¢Ñ˛ ¢õ¢ƒy !òÓ˚¢ˆÏò !Ó!¶˛ß¨ ¢,!T˛ü#ú Á òy®!òÑ˛ õˆÏòy¶˛yÓ !ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛Ó˚yÓ˚ â˛â≈˛y Ñ˛Ó˚y
S12V äÈ!Ó ˆÌˆÏÑ˛ Ó˚yÜ Ñ˛õyˆÏòyÓ˚ v˛z˛ôyÎ˚Ü%!ú !â˛!£´ì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚yñ Ñ˛yÓ˚í v˛zˆÏÕ‘Ö Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y xyÓ˚
ÓƒÓ£y!Ó˚Ñ˛ ã#ÓˆÏò ≤ÈÏÎ˚yÜ Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y
30
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31
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32
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üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛yÓ˚ ˆõÔ!úÑ˛ ïyÓ˚íy
1.1.1 üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛yÓ˚ v˛zˆÏjüƒ !ü«˛yÌ#≈Ó˚y üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛yÓ˚ v˛zˆÏjüƒ Á Ü%Ó˚%c
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1.1.2 üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛yÓ˚ Ü%Ó˚%c !ü«˛yÌ#≈Ó˚y üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛y ¢¡ôˆÏÑ≈˛ !Ó!¶˛ß¨
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2.4.1 îyÓy !Ó!¶˛ß¨ xyÑ ˛õˆÏíÓ˚ ˛ôÂï!ì˛
2.5.1 Óú Óƒyv˛!õr›˛ò Óú Óƒyv˛!õr›˛ò ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
2.6.1 xydÓ˚«˛yõ)úÑ˛ Ñ ˛#v˛¸y Ñ˛ƒyÓ˚yˆÏ›˛Ó˚ ≤ÃyÌ!õÑ˛ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
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3.1.1 Ñ˛Óy!v˛ ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
3.1.2 ˆò›˛Óú ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
3.1.3 ˆÖyÈÙȈÖy ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
3.1.4 ö%˛›˛Óú ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
3.1.5 ÓyˆÏfl˛Ò›˛Óú ˆÖúyÓ˚ Ñ˛úyˆÏÑ˛Ôüú
3.1.6 !ÓˆÏòyîõ)úÑ˛ ˆÖúy Ñ˛ˆÏÎ˚Ñ˛!›˛ !ÓˆÏòyîòõ)úÑ˛ ˆÖúy–
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4.2.1 ˆòì,˛cîyò «˛õì˛y!ÓÑ˛yü Ñ˛yÎ≈Ñ ˛õ ˛ôyúò#Î˚ !îˆÏò xÇü@˘Ã£í–
4.3.1 üyÓ˚#Ó˚!ü«˛yÓ˚ Ñ˛õ≈¢)!â˛ˆÏì˛ xÇü@˘Ã£í xhs˛É≤Ãyâ˛#Ó˚ Á Ó!£É≤Ãyâ˛#Ó˚ Ñ˛õ≈¢)!Ⲗ
4.4.1 üyÓ˚#!Ó˚Ñ˛ ¢«˛õì˛yÓ˚ ˛ô!Ó˚õy˛ô
4.5.2 ˆ£úÌ Ñ˛yv≈˛
Ñ˛yõƒ ¢yõ̃≈
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ˆÖúyÓ˚ äȈÏú xyòˆÏ®Ó˚ ¢ˆÏAÜ Ñ˛yã Ñ˛Ó˚ÓyÓ˚ ¢yõÌ≈ƒ–
˜îò!®ò Ñ˛yˆÏã ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ ¶˛!AÜ x¶˛ƒy¢ Ñ˛Ó˚ÓyÓ˚ ¢yõÌ≈ƒ–
!ÓîƒyúˆÏÎ˚ x!ã≈ì˛ ˜îò!®ò x!¶˛K˛ì˛yÜ%!ú xò%Ñ˛Ó˚í Á xò%¢Ó˚í Ñ˛Ó˚y ~ÓÇ ˛ô!Ó˚ÓyÓ˚ Á ¢õyˆÏã ì˛yÓ˚ ¢!‡˛Ñ˛ ÓƒÓ£yÓ˚
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xƒyÌ!ú!›˛Ñ‰˛¢ñ ˆÎyÜy¢òñ Á !ãõòy!fi›˛Ñ˛¢ÈÙÈ ~Ó˚ !Ó°ÏÎ˚Ü%!ú x!¶˛≤Ãîü≈ˆÏòÓ˚ ¢yõÌ≈ƒ xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y–
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¢yõ̃≈È xã≈ò Ñ˛Ó˚ˆÏì˛ ˛ôyÓ˚y– ò%ƒòì˛õ ˆÎÙȈÏÑ˛yˆÏòy ~Ñ˛!›˛ ¢õyãˆÏ¢Óyõ)úÑ˛ Ñ˛yˆÏã !òˆÏãˆÏÑ˛ !òˆÏÎ˚y!ãì˛ Ñ˛Ó˚ÓyÓ˚ ì˛y
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