DATE : 24/11/2019 Paper Code : 62

Regd. Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.: 011-47623456

Time : 120 Minutes Questions & Answers Max. Marks : 240

for
INDIAN ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICS TEACHERS
NATIONAL STANDARD EXAMINATION
IN PHYSICS (NSEP) 2019-20
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES :
(i) There is 70 questions in this paper.
(ii) Question paper has two parts. In part A1 (Q. No. 1 to 60) each question has four alternatives, out of
which only one is correct. Choose the correct alternative and fill the appropriate bubble, as shown.

Q. No. 22 a c d
In part A2 (Q. No. 61 to 70) each question has four alternatives, out of which any number of alternative
(1, 2, 3 or 4) may be correct. You have to choose ALL correct alternatives and fill the appropriate
bubbles, as shown.

Q. No. 64 a c
(iii) For Part A1, each correct answer carries 3 marks whereas 1 mark will be deducted for each wrong
answer. In Part A2, you get 6 marks if all the correct alternatives are marked. No negative marks in
this part.

Part : A-1
Only one out of four options is correct

1. A pendulum is made by using a thread of length

2
300 cm and a small spherical bob of mass 100 g. It is (III) ( : surface density of charge)
0
suspended from a point S. The bob is pulled from its
position of rest at O to the point A so that the linear (IV) hrg (h : rise of a liquid in a capillary tube of
amplitude is 25 cm. The angular amplitude in radian radius r)
and the potential energy of the bob in joule at A are
The expressions having same dimensional formula are
respectively
(a) I and II only (b) II and III only
(a) 0.10 and 0.10 (b) 0.083 and 0.01 (c) II, III and IV only (d) I, II and III only
(c) 0.251 and 2.94 (d) 0.083 and 0.24 Answer (d)
Answer (b) 3. Two simple pendulums of lengths 1.44 m and 1.0 m
2. Consider the following physical expressions start swinging together in the same phase. The two
will be in phase again after a time of
(I) v2 ( : density, v : velocity)
(a) 6 second (b) 9 second
Y L (c) 12 second (d) 25 second
(II) (Y : Young's modulus, L : length)
L Answer (c)

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4. A home aquarium partly filled with water slides down 8. A large horizontal uniform disc can rotate freely about
an inclined plane of inclination angle  with respect to a rigid vertical axis passing through its centre O.
the horizontal. The surface of water in the aquarium A man stands at rest at the edge of the disc at a
point A. The mass of the disc is 22 times the mass of
(a) remains horizontal
the man. The man starts moving along the edge of the
(b) remains parallel to the plane of the incline disc. When he reaches A, after completing one rotation
(c) forms an angle  with the horizon where 0 <  <  relative to the disc, the disc has turned through
(d) forms an angle  with horizon, where  <  < 90 (a) 30° (b) 90°

Answer (b) (c) 60° (d) 45°

5. A sound source of constant frequency travels with a Answer (a)

constant velocity past an observer. When it crosses 9. Two factories are sounding their sirens at 400 Hz each.
the observer the sound frequency sensed by the A man walks from one factory towards the other at a
observer changes from 449 Hz to 422 Hz. If the velocity speed of 2 m/s. The velocity of sound is 320 m/s. The
of sound is 340 m/s, the velocity of the source of sound number of beats heard by the person in one second
is will be
(a) 8.5 m/s (a) 6
(b) 10.5 m/s (b) 5
(c) 12.5 m/s (c) 4
(d) 14.5 m/s (d) 2.5

Answer (b) Answer (b)

6. Plots of intensity (I) of radiation emitted by a black 10. The temperature of an isolated black body falls from
body versus wavelength () at three different T1 to T2 in time t. Then, t = Cx where x is
temepratures T1, T2 and T3 respectively are shown in  1 1
figure. Choose the correct statement (a)  T  T 
 2 1

T1  1  1 
(b)  T 2 T 2 
T2  2 1 

T3  1  1 
I (c)  T 3 T 3 
 2 1 

 1  1 
 (d)  T 4 T 4 
 2 1 

(a) T1 > T2 > T3 necessarily Answer (c)

(b) T3 > T2 > T1 necessarily 11. Tow charges – q and – q are placed at points (0, d)
and (0, –d). A charge +q, free to move along X axis,
(c) T2 = (T1 + T3)/2 necessarily
will oscillate with a force proportional to
(d) T22 = T1 T3 necessarily
1 1
Answer (a) (a) (b)
x2  d 2 x2
7. Consider a composite slab consisting of two different
materials having equal thickness and equal area of x 1
3
(c) (d)
cross-section. The thermal conductivities are K and 2
(d  x 2 )2 x  d2
2
2K respectively. The equivalent thermal conductivity
of the composite slab is Answer (c)
12. The average translational kinetic energy of oxygen (M
2K
(a) = 32) molecules at a certain temperature is
3
0.048 eV. The tranlational kinetic energy of nitrogen
(b) 2K (M = 28) molecules at the same temeprature is
(c) 3K (consider the two gases to be ideal)
4K (a) 0.0015 eV (b) 0.042 eV
(d)
3 (c) 0.048 eV (d) 0.768 eV
Answer (d) Answer (c)
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13. A concave mirror has a radius of curvature R and forms 18. In an electromagnetic wave the phase difference
the image of an object placed at a distance 1.5 R from between electric vector and magnetic vector is
the pole of the mirror. An opaque disc of diameter half
the aperture of the mirror is placed with the pole at the (a) zero (b) 
2
centre. As a result
(c)  (d) 
3
(a) The position of the image will be the same but its 2
central half will disappear Answer (a)
(b) The position of the image will be the same but its 19. A spherical capacitor is formed by two concentric
outer half will disappear metallic spherical shells. The capacitor is then charged
(c) The complete image will be seen at the same so that the outer shell carries a positive charge and
position and it will be exactly identical with the the inner shell carries an equal but negative charge.
initial image Even if the capacitor is not connected to any circuit,
(d) The complete image will be seen at the same the charge will eventually leak away due to a small
position but it will not be identical in all respect electrical conductivity of the material between the
with the initial image shells. What is the character of the magnetic field
produced by this leakage current?
Answer (d)
(a) Radially outwards from the inner shell to the outer
14. A ray of white light is made incident on the refracting
surface of a prism such that after refraction at this shell.
surface, the green component falls on the second (b) Radially inwards form the outer shell to the inner
surface at its critical angle. The colours present in the shell.
emergent beam will be (c) Circular field lines between the shells and
(a) Violet, indigo and blue. perpendicular to the radial direction.
(b) Violet, indigo, blue, yellow, orange and red. (d) No magnetic field will be produced
(c) Yellow, orange and red. Answer (d)
(d) All colours 20. If a cell of constant emf produces the same amount of
heat during the same time in two independent resistors
Answer (c)
R1 and R2 when they are seperately connected across
15. In a compound microscope, having tube-length the terminals of the cell, one after the other. The internal
30 cm, the power of the objective and the eye-piece resistance of the cell is
are 100 D and 10 D respectively. Then the
R1  R2 R1 ∼ R2
magnification produced by the microscope when the (a) (b)
final image is at the least distance of distinct vision 2 2
(25 cm) will be R12  R22
(c) (d) R1R2
(a) 55 (b) 64 2
(c) 77 (d) 90 Answer (d)
Answer (c) 21. In the circuit shown beside the charge on each
capacitor is
16. Parallel rays are incident on a glass sphere of diameter
10 cm and having refractive index 1.5. The sphere C1
converges these rays at a certain point. The distance
of this point from the centre of the sphere will be
(a) 2.5 cm
(b) 5 cm E1 E2
(c) 7.5 cm
(d) 12.5 cm
Answer (c)
C2
17. A jet of water from 15 cm diameter nozzle of a fire
C1C2
hose can reach the maximum height of 25 m. The (a) (C1 + C2)(E1 – E2) (b) C  C  E1  E2 
force exerted by the water jet on the hose is 1 2
C1C2
(c) C  C  E1  E2 
(a) 4.24 kN (b) 17.32 kN
(d) (C1 – C2)(E1 + E2)
(c) 2.17 kN (d) 8.66 kN 1 2
Answer (c)
Answer (d)
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22. A stationary hydrogen atom emits photon 29. The phenomenon inverse to photo electric effect is
corresponding to the first line (highest wavelength) of
(a) Compton effect
Lyman series. If R is the Rydberg constant and M is
the mass of the atom, the recoil velocity of the atom is (b) Pair production
(c) Raman effect
Rh 3Rh
(a) (b) (d) Production of X-rays in Coolidge tube
4M M
Answer (d)
3Rh Rh
(c) (d) 30. A stationary hydrogen atoms emits a photon of
4M M
wavelength 1025 Å. Its angular momentum changes
Answer (c)
by
23. Heat is absorbed or evolved when current flows in a
conductor having a temperature gradient. This h 2h
phenomenon is known as (a) (b)
 
(a) Joule effect (b) Peltier effect
h 3h
(c) Seeback effect (d) Thomson effect (c) (d)
2 2
Answer (d)
Answer (a)
24. Avalanche breakdown in a p-n junction primarily
depends on the phenomenon of 31. An observer stands on the platform at the front edge of
the first bogie of a stationary train. The train starts
(a) Doping (b) Collision moving with uniform acceleration and the first bogie
(c) Recombination (d) Ionization takes 5 seconds to cross the observer. If all the bogies
Answer (d) of the train are of equal length and the gap between
them is negligible, the time taken by the tenth bogie
25. A source emits photons of energy 5 eV which are
to cross the observer is
incident on a metallic sphere of work function 3.0 eV.
The radius of the sphere is r = 8 × 10–3 m. It is observed (a) 1.07 s
that after some time emission of photoelectrons from (b) 0.98 s
the metallic sphere is stopped. Charge on the sphere (c) 0.91 s
when the photoemission stops is (d) 0.81 s
(a) 1.77 × 10–16 C (b) 1.77 × 10–12 C Answer (d)
(c) 1.11 × 10–12 C (d) 1.11 × 10–10 C 32. The resistive force on an aeroplane flying in a horizontal
Answer (b) plane is given by Ff = kv2, where k is constant and v
26. The dc component of current in the output of a half- is the speed of the aeroplane. When the power output
wave rectifier with peak value l0 is from the engine is P0, the plane flies at a speed v0 . If
the power output of the engine is doubled the aeroplane
l0 will fly at a speed of
(a) Zero (b)
 (a) 1.12 v0 (b) 1.26 v0
l 2l0
(c) 0 (d) (c) 1.41 v0 (d) 2.82 v0
2  Answer (b)
Answer (b)
33. A 3.0 cm thick layer of oil (density oil = 800 kg/m3)
27. In an experiment on photoelectric effect, the slope of floats on water (density  w = 1000 kg/m 3) in a
straight line graph between the stopping potential and transparent glass beaker. A solid cylinder is observed
the frequency of incident radiation gives
1 1
(a) Electron charge (e) (b) Planck constant (h) floating vertically with of it in water and in the oil.
3 3
h Oil is gently poured into the beaker until the cylinder
(c) (d) Work function (W)
e floats in oil only. The fraction of the solid cylinder in oil
Answer (c) now is
28. According to Bohr's theory, the ionization energy of H
3 2
atom is 13.6 eV. The energy needed to remove an (a) (b)
5 3
electron from Helium ion (He+) is
(a) 13.6 eV (b) 16.8 eV 3 8
(c) (d)
(c) 27.2 eV (d) 54.4 eV 4 9
Answer (d) Answer (c)

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34. A wedge of mass M rests on a horizontal frictionless 39. Two simple harmonic motions are given by x1 = a sin
surface. A block of mass m starts sliding down the a
rough inclined surface of the wedge to its bottom. t + acost and x2 = asin t  cos t. The ratio
3
During the course of motion, the centre of mass of the
of the amplitudes of the first to the second and the
block and the wedge system
phase difference between them respectively are
(a) Does not move at all
(b) Moves horizontally with constant speed 3 
(a) and
(c) Moves horizontally with increasing speed 2 12
(d) Moves vertically with increasing speed
3 
Answer (d) (b) and
2 12
35. A uniform circular disc rotating at a fixed angular
velocity  about an axis normal to its plane and passing 2 
(c) and
through its centre has kinetic energy E. If the same 3 12
disc rotates with an angular velocity 2about a parallel
3 
axis passing through the edge, its kinetic energy will (d) and
2 6
be
Answer (a)
(a) 2 E (b) 4 E
40. A particle is projected from the ground with a velocity
(c) 10 E (d) 12 E 
Answer (d) v   3iˆ  10 jˆ  ms –1 . The maximum height attained
36. Light of wavelength 640 nm falls on a plane diffraction and the range of the particle are respectively given
grating with 12000 lines per inch. In the diffraction by (use g = 10 m/s2)
pattern on a screen kept at a distance of 12 cm from (a) 5 m and 6 m (b) 3 m and 10 m
the grating, the distance of the second order maximum
(c) 6 m and 5 m (d) 3 m and 5 m
from the central maximum is
Answer (a)
(a) 1.81 cm (b) 2.41 cm
(c) 3.62 cm (d) 7.25 cm 41. A 20 cm long capillary tube stands vertically with
lower end just in water. Water rises up to 5 cm. If
Answer (No Option is Correct)
the entire system is now kept on a freely falling
37. If the force acting on a body in inversely proportional platform, the length of the water column in the
to its speed, the kinetic energy of the body varies with capillary tube will be
time t as
(a) 5 cm (b) 10 cm
(a) t 0 (b) t 1 (c) Zero (d) 20 cm
(c) t 2 (d) t –1
Answer (d)
Answer (b)
42. Position-time graph of a particle moving in a potential
38. As shown in the figure, a block of mass m is hung
field is shown beside. If the mass of the particle is
from the ceiling by the system of springs consisting of 1 kg its total energy is approximately
two layers. The force constant of each of the springs
is k. The frequency of the vertical oscillations of the
block is 15
10
5
k k k
0
x(cm)

–5
–10
k k
–15
m 0
2 4 6 8 10
1 k 1 4k t(s)
(a) (b)
2 5 m 2 5 m
1 5k 1 6k
(a) 15.45 × 10–4 J (b) 30.78 × 10–4 J
(c) (d) (c) 7.71 × 10–4 J (d) 3.85 × 10–4 J
2 6 m 2 5 m
Answer (d) Answer (c)

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43. The log-log graph for a non-linear oscillator is shown 47. The frequency of the third overtone of a closed end
below. Assuming the constants to have appropriate organ pipe equals the frequency of the fifth harmonic
dimensions the relationship between time period (T) of an open end organ pipe. Ignoring end correction,
and the amplitude (A) can be expressed as the ratio of their lengths lopen : lclose is
8 (a) 10 : 7 (b) 10 : 9
(c) 2 : 1 (d) 7 : 10
6 Answer (a)
log (T)

48. A rectangular slab of glass of refractive index 1.5 is

immersed in water of refractive index 1.33 such that
4 the top surface of the slab remains parallel to water
level. Light from a point source in air is incident on
the surface of water at an angle  such that the light
2 reflected from the glass slab is plane polarised, the
0 1 2 angle  is
log (A)
(a) 84.4° (b) 48.4°
(a) T = 1000A2
(c) 56.3° (d) 53.1°
(b) T = 4A1/2
Answer (a)
(c) T = 4A2 + B
49. In a spectrometer the smallest main scale division is
(d) T = 8A3
1
Answer (a) of a degree. The total number of divisions on the
3
44. In many situations the point source emitting a wave vernier scale attached to the main scale is 60 which
starts moving, through the medium, with velocity V coincide with the 59 divisions of the main circular
greater than the wave velocity in that medium. In scale. The least count of the spectrometer is
such a case when source velocity (V) > wave (a) 20 (b) 20
velocity (v), the wave front changes
(c) 30 (d) 30
(a) From spherical to plane
Answer (b)
(b) From spherical to conical
50. White light is used to illuminate two slits in Young’s
(c) From plane to spherical double slit experiment. Separation between the two
(d) From cylindrical to spherical slits is b and the screen is at a distance D (>>b)
Answer (b) from the plane of slits. The wavelength missing at a
point on the screen directly in front of one of the
45. If the average mass of a smoke particle in an Indian slits is
kitchen is 3 × 10–17 kg, the rms speed of the smoke
particles at 27°C is approximately 2b2 2b2
(a) (b)
(a) 2 cm/s 3D D
(b) 2 m/s b2 b2
(c) (d)
3D 2D
(c) 2 km/s
Answer (c)
(d) None of these
51. In an ink-jet printer, an ink droplet of mass m is
Answer (a) given a negative charge q by a computer-controlled
46. Two wires, made of same material, one thick and the charging unit. The charged droplet then enters the
other thin are joined to form one composite wire. The region between two deflecting parallel plates of length
composite wire is subjected to the same tension L separated by distance d (see figure below) with a
throughout. A wave travels along the wire and passes speed v. All over this region there exists a uniform
the point where the two wires are joined. The quantity downward electric field E (in the plane of paper).
which changes at the joint are Neglecting the gravitational force on the droplet, the
maximum charge that can be given to this droplet,
(a) Frequency only
so that is does not hit any of the plates, is
(b) Propagation speed only q
E
(c) Wavelength only v d
(d) Both propagation speed and wavelength
Answer (d) L

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56. A number of identical absorbing plates are arranged

mv 2 L mv 2d in between a source of light and a photo cell. When
(a) (b)
Ed 2 EL2 there is no plate in between, the photo current is
maximum. Under the circumstances let us focus on
md mv 2L2 the two statements
(c) 2 2 (d)
Ev L Ed (1) The photo current decreases with the increase
Answer (b) in number of absorbing plates.
52. A converging beam of light is pointing to P. Two (2) The stopping potential increases with the
observations are made with (i) a convex lens of increase in number of absorbing plates.
focal length 20 cm and (ii) a concave lens of focal (a) Statements (1) and (2) are both true and (1) is
length 16 cm placed in the path of the convergent the cause of (2)
beam at a distance 12 cm before the point P. It is
(b) Statements (1) and (2) are both true but (1) and
observed that
(2) are independent
(a) In both cases the images are real
(c) Statement (1) is true while (2) is not true and (1)
(b) In both cases the images are virtual and (2) are independent
(c) For (i) the image is real and for (ii) the image is (d) Statement (1) is true while (2) is not true and (2)
virtual is the effect of (1)
(d) For (i) the image is virtual and for (ii) the imge is Answer (c)
real
57. In a nuclear reaction, two photons each of energy
Answer (a) 0.51 MeV are produced by electron-positron
53. Identify the rank in order from dimmest to the annihilation. The wavelength associated with each
brightest when all the identical bulbs are connected photon is
in the circuit as shown below. (a) 2.44 × 10–12 m
(b) 2.44 × 10–8 m
(c) 1.46 × 10–12 m
D
(d) 3.44 × 10–10 m
Answer (a)
C
58. In the circuit shown if an ideal ammeter is connected
between A and B then the direction of current and
the current reading would be (assume Is remains
A B unchanged)
_
+ Is

(a) A = B > C = D (b) A = B = C = D 4R 2R

4R 2R
(c) A > C > B > D (d) A = B < C = D A
A B
Answer (d) 2R 4R
54. The unit of magnetizing field is Is
(a) tesla (b) newton
(c) ampere (d) ampere turn/meter Is
(a) B to A and
Answer (d) 2
55. A star undergoes a supernova explosion. Just after Is
the explosion, the material left behind forms a (b) A to B and
4
uniform sphere of radius 8000 km with a rotation
period of 15 hours. This remaining material eventually Is
collapses into a neutron star of radius 4 km with a (c) B to A and
9
period of rotation
(a) 14 s (b) 3.8 h Is
(d) B to A and
(c) 0.021 s (d) 0.0135 s 3
Answer (d) Answer (c)
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59. In the following figures the velocity-time graphs for The variation of force F(x) acting on the particle as a
three particles 1, 2 and 3 are shown. function of x can be represented by

+4
Velocity (m/s) 2
+2
1

F (N)
0 0

–2 –1
–2
0 2 4 6 8 10
–15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15
time (s) x (m)
Particle 1
(Fig i)
+4
Velocity (m/s)

+2
2
0 1

F (N)
0
–2
–1
0 2 4 6 8 10
–2
time (s)
Particle 2 –15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15
x (m)
+4
(Fig ii)
Velocity (m/s)

+2

0 2
1
–2
F (N)

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 –1
time (s)
Particle 3 –2
–15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15
The magnitude of average acceleration of the three x (m)
particles, over 10 s, bear the relationship
(a) a1 > a2 > a3 (b) a2 > a1 > a3 (Fig iii)
(c) a3 > a2 > a1 (d) a1 = a2 = a3
Answer (d) 2
60. The potential energy (U) of a particle moving in a 1
F (N)

potential field varies with its displacement (x) as

shown below. 0
–1

0 –2
–15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15
x (m)
U (J)

–5
(Fig iv)
–10 (a) Fig (i) (b) Fig (ii)
(c) Fig (iii) (d) Fig (iv)
–15 –10 –5 0 5 10 15
x (m) Answer (d)
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Part : A-2
Any number of options (4), (3), (2) or (1) may be correct

61. A pin of small length 'a' is placed along the axis of 66. Two long parallel wires carry currents of equal
a concave mirror of focal length f, at the distance magnitude (I) but in opposite directions. These wires
u(>f) from its pole. The length of its image is 'b'. If
are suspended from fixed rod PQ by four chords of
the same object is placed perpendicular to its axis
at the same distance u and the length of its image equal length L as shown. The mass per unit length
is now 'c', then of each wire is , the value of angle  subtended by
two chords OA and OB, assuming it to be small, is
f2
(a) b  a
(u  f )2
P
(b) c  ab y O Q
L
 C
u f I
(c) c  b
f
B
I
2 3
a f A
(d) bc 
(u  f )3 x
z
Answer (a, b, c, d)
62. A thin rod of length 10 cm is placed along the axis of a
concave mirror of focal length 30 cm in such a way
0 
that one end of the image coincides with one end of (a)   I
the object. The length of the image may be 4 gL

(a) 7.5 cm (b) 12 cm

(c) 15 cm (d) 10 cm 0 1
(b)   I
Answer (a, c, d)  gL
63. The mass of an electron can be expressed as
(a)
0.512 MeV 0 g
8.19 × 10–14 J/c2 (c)   I
(b) 4  L
9.1 × 10–31 kg
(c)
(d)
0.00055 amu  0 g
where c is speed of light in vacuum (d)   I
 L
Answer (b, c, d)
64. Select the correct statement(s), out of the following, Answer (b)
about diffraction at N parallel slits. 67. A block of mass m = 10 kg is hanging over a
(a) There are (N – 1) minima between each pair of frictionless light fixed pulley by an inextensible light
principal maxima rope. Initially the block is held at rest. The other
(b) There are (N – 2) secondary maxima between end of the rope is now pulled by a constant force
each pair of principal maxima F in the vertically downward direction. The linear
(c) Width of principal maximum is proportional to 1/N momentum of the block is seen to increase by
(d) The intensity at the principal maxima varies as N2 2 kg m/s in 1 s (in the first second). Therefore,
Answer (a, b, c, d) (a) The tension in the rope is F
65. An electric dipole placed in a non-uniform electric
(b) The tension in the rope is 3 N
field may experience
(c) The work done by the tension on the block, in first
(a) No net force, no torque
second, is = 19.8 J
(b) A net force, but not torque
(d) The work done against the force of gravity, in first
(c) No net force, but a torque
second, is = 9.8 J
(d) A net force and a torque
Answer (a, b, c, d) Answer (a, d)

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68. A ball of mass m1 travels horizontallly along the x-axis 70. A particle of mass m is thrown vertically up with velocity
in the positive direction with an initial speed of v0. It u. Air exerts an opposing force of a constant magnitude
collides with another ball of mass m2 that is originally F. The particle returns back to the point of projection
at rest. After the collision, the ball of mass m1 has with velocity v after attaining maximum height h, then
velocity (v1xi + v1y j) and the ball of mass m2 has
velocity (v2x i + v2y j). Identify the correct relationship(s) u2
(a) h 
 F
(a) 0 = m1v1x + m2v2x 2 g  
 m
(b) m1v0 = m1v1y + m2v2y
(c) 0 = m1v1y + m2 v2y v2
(b) h 
(d) m1v0 = m1v1x + m2v2x  F
2 g – 
Answer (c, d)  m 
69. In a real gas  F 
g – m 
 
(a) The force of attraction between the molecules (c) v  u
 F 
depends upon intermolecular distance g  m 
 
(b) Internal energy depends only upon temperature
(c) Internal energy is a function of both temperature  F
g  m 
and volume  
(d) Internal energy is a function of both temperature (d) v = u  F
g – m 
and pressure  
Answer (a, c, d) Answer (a, b, c)

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