Drager Evita XL Ops Manual PDF

Instructions for Use
Evita XL / Evita XL Neo
WARNING Intensive Care Ventilator

For a full understanding of the
performance characteristics of this Software 7.0n
medical device, the user should
carefully read these Instructions for
Use before use of the medical device.
Working with these Instructions for Use
The title of the main chapter in the header line Typografic conventions
helps with orientation and navigation.
The instructions for the user combine text and Any text shown on the screen and any labeling on
illustrations, providing a comprehensive overview the device are printed in bold and italics, for
of the system. The information is presented as example, PEEP, Air or Apnea ventilation.
sequential steps of action, allowing the user to learn The “greater than” symbol > indicates the
directly how to use the device. navigation path in a dialog window, for example,
The text provides explanations and instructs the System Setup > Ventilation > Alarm Limits. In
user step-by-step in the practical use of the this example, System Setup represents the dialog
product, with short, clear instructions in easy-to- window title, Ventilation represents a horizontal
follow sequence. tab and Alarm Limits a vertical tab.
These Instructions for Use apply to Evita XL and
1 Consecutive numbers indicate steps of action, Evita XL Neo as well as to Evita 4 and Evita 2 dura
with the numbering restarting with “1” for each with the Evita XL option.
new sequence of actions. In the existing Instructions for Use, only the term
z Bullet points indicate individual actions or "Evita XL" is used.
different options for action.
– Dashes indicate the listing of data, options or
objects.
(A) Letters in parentheses refer to elements in the
relevant illustration.
The illustrations show the relationship between

the text and the device. Elements mentioned in the
text are highlighted. Unnecessary details are
omitted.
Schematic renderings of screen images guide the
user and allow to reconfirm actions performed. The
actual screen images differ in look or in
configuation.
A Letters denote elements referred to in the text.
2 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

Trademarks
– Evita XL®
– AutoFlow®
– SmartCare®
are trademarks owned by Dräger.
BIPAP*)
* Trademark Used Under Licence
Definitions
WARNING
A WARNING statement provides important
information about a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
CAUTION
A CAUTION statement provides important
information about a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may result in minor
or moderate injury to the user or patient or in
damage to the medical device or other property.
NOTE
A NOTE provides additional information intended
to avoid inconvenience during operation.
Abbreviations and Symbols
Please refer to the sections "Abbreviations"

on page 27 and "Symbols" on page 32 for
explanations.
Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 3

This page has intentionally been left blank.

Contents
Contents
For Your Safety and that of Your Patients . . 7 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

General WARNINGS and CAUTIONS . . . . . . . 10 Selecting the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Starting Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Setting Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 ILV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Environment of Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 NIV – Non-Invasive Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Scope of Delivery and Available Options . . . . . 16 Medication nebulization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Pre- and Postoxygenation for Bronchial
System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Manual Inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Expiratory Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Front Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Low Flow PV-Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Evita XL Mobil trolley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Standby Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply . . . . 111
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Evita Link. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Operating Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
On-Screen Alarm Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Buttons with a Fixed Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Displaying Alarm Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Silencing Audible Alarms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Power Failure Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Setting Alarm Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Safety Information for Preparation . . . . . . . . . . 44
Safety Information for the Trolley . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Measured Values, Graphics, and Trends . . 129
Preparation of the Evita XL Mobil Trolley . . . . . 45
Displaying Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Preparation of the EvitaMobil Trolley . . . . . . . . 49
Displaying Measured Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Positioning the Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Preparation of Evita XL for Ventilation . . . . . . . 52 Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Connecting Evita Remote. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Connecting Nurse Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Information on Sensor Calibration. . . . . . . . . . 138
Transportation within the hospital / Moving Flow Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Evita XL with the trolley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 External Flow Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Neonatal Flow Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . 141
Starting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 O2 Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Checking CO2 Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Switching on Evita XL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Switching Monitoring Functions Off or On . . . . 151
Entering the Humidification Type . . . . . . . . . . . 69
NeoFlow Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Checking Readiness for Operation. . . . . . . . . . 70
Selecting Tube or Mask (NIV) Application Configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Information on Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
System-Specific Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Therapy-Specific Start-Up Settings . . . . . . . . . 163

Contents
Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Alarm – Cause – Remedy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization . . . 189
Safety Information for Reprocessing . . . . . . . . 190
Disassembling Components and
Reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Reprocessing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Reprocessing List for Evita XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Re-assembly of Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Before Reusing on Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Maintenance Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Disposal of batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of O2 sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of a neonatal flow sensor. . . . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of the medical device. . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
APRV Airway Pressure Release Ventilation. . . 212
ATC Automatic Tube Compensation . . . . . . . . 212
O2 Therapy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Power Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Display of Measured Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Computed Value Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Operating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Device Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
DC Power Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
LUST Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
EMC Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Ventilation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Additional Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Alarm – Detection/Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Screen Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Special ASCII Characters Used . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

For Your Safety and that of Your Patients
Strictly follow these Instructions for Use . . . . . . 8

Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Not for use in areas of explosion hazard . . . . . 8
Safe connection with other electrical
equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Restriction of Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Patient safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Patient monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Functional Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
General WARNINGS and CAUTIONS . . . . . . 10

Note on EMC/ESD risk for the device
function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Sterile Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Ventilation Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Back-up ventilation with an independent
manual ventilation device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Strictly follow these Instructions for Use Accessories
WARNING WARNING
Any use of the medical device requires full Only the accessories indicated on the list of
understanding and strict observation of all accessories 9038780 (1st edition or higher)
portions of these Instructions for Use. The have been tested and approved to be used
medical device is only to be used for the with the medical device. Accordingly it is
purpose specified under "Intended Use" strongly recommended that only these
on page 16 and in conjunction with accessories be used in conjunction with the
appropriate patient monitoring (see page 9). specific medical device. Otherwise the correct
Strictly observe all WARNING and CAUTION functioning of the medical device may be
statements throughout these Instructions for compromised.
Use and all statements on medical device
labels.
Not for use in areas of explosion hazard
Maintenance WARNING
This medical device is neither approved nor
WARNING certified for use in areas where combustible or
The medical device must be inspected and explosive gas mixtures are likely to occur.
serviced regularly by properly trained service
personnel.
Repair of the medical device may also only be Safe connection with other electrical
carried out by properly trained service equipment
personnel.
Dräger recommends that a service contract be
CAUTION
obtained with DrägerService and that all
repairs also be carried out by them. Dräger Danger to the patient
recommends that only authentic Dräger repair Electrical connections to equipment which is not
parts be used for maintenance. Otherwise the listed in these Instructions for Use should only be
correct functioning of the medical device may made following consultation with the respective
be compromised. manufacturers.
See chapter "Maintenance".
Restriction of Distribution
CAUTION
Device for use in health care facilities only and
exclusively by persons with specific training and
experience in its use.

Networking Patient safety
Device combinations approved by Dräger (see The design of the medical device, the
Instructions for Use of the individual devices or accompanying literature, and the labeling on the
units) meet the requirements set forth by the medical device take into consideration that the
following standards: purchase and use of the medical device are
restricted to trained professionals, and that certain
– IEC 60601-1 (EN 60601-1)
inherent characteristics of the medical device are
Medical electrical equipment
known to the trained operator. Instructions,
Part 1: General requirements for safety
warnings and caution statements are limited,
– IEC 60601-1-1 (EN 60601-1-1) therefore, largely to the specifics of the Dräger
Medical electrical equipment design.
Part 1-1: General requirements for safety This publication excludes references to various
Collateral standard: Safety requirements for hazards which are obvious to a medical
medical electrical systems professional and operator of this medical device, to
the consequences of medical device misuse, and
– IEC 60601-1-2 (EN 60601-1-2)
to potentially adverse effects in patients with
abnormal conditions. Medical device modification
Part 1-2: General requirements for safety
or misuse can be dangerous.
Collateral standard: Electromagnetic
compatibility; Requirements and tests CAUTION
– IEC 60601-1-4 (EN 60601-1-4) Danger to the patient.
Individual measured values and monitoring
Part 1-4: General requirements for safety
parameters should not be used as the sole basis
Collateral standard: Programmable electrical
for therapeutic decisions.
medical systems
If Dräger devices or units are connected to other
Dräger devices or third-party devices and the Patient monitoring
resulting combination is not approved by Dräger,
the correct functioning of the devices may be The operators of the medical device are
compromised. The operator is responsible for responsible for choosing appropriate safety
ensuring that the resulting system meets the monitoring that supplies adequate information on
requirements set forth by the above standards. medical device performance and patient condition.
Strictly follow Assembly Instructions and Patient safety may be achieved through a wide
Instructions for Use for each networked device. variety of means ranging from electronic
surveillance of medical device performance and
patient condition, to simple, direct observation of
clinical signs.
The responsibility for the selection of the best level
of patient monitoring lies solely with the medical
device operator.

Functional Safety
The essential performance consists in controlled

and monitored patient ventilation with user-defined
settings for the monitoring functions
– minimum breathing gas flow,
– maximum airway pressure,
– minimum and maximum O2 concentration in the
breathing gas,
or, if a set limit is exceeded, by an appropriate
alarm. The medical device is equipped with basic
safety features to reduce the possibility of patient
injury while the cause of an alarm is remedied.
General WARNINGS and CAUTIONS
The following WARNINGS and CAUTIONS apply to WARNING

general operation of the medical device.
This device is to be used only in rooms with
WARNINGS and CAUTIONS specific to
line power installations complying with
subsystems or particular features appear with
national and international safety standards for
those topics in later sections of these Instructions
hospital patient rooms (e.g., according to
for Use or in the Instructions for Use of any product
international standard IEC 60364-7-710
being used with this device.
"Electrical installations of buildings - Part 7-
WARNING 710: Requirements for special installations or
locations - Medical locations").
Evita XL must only be used under the
To maintain grounding integrity, connect only
supervision of qualified medical personnel in
to a "hospital grade" receptacle. Always
order to provide immediate corrective action
disconnect supply before servicing.
in the case of a malfunction.
WARNING
WARNING
Do not use the device in conjunction with
Always use a ventilator that has been cleaned
flammable gases or anesthetics - fire hazard!
and disinfected and has been successfully
tested to be ready for operation.
WARNING
Do not use Evita XL in hyperbaric chambers.
Device malfunction may result, with the risk of
patient injury.
WARNING
Do not use in conjunction with magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI)! Device malfunction
may result, with the risk of patient injury.

WARNING WARNING
Using high frequency electrosurgery Do not block air intake. Ventilator malfunction
equipment, defibrillators, or short-wave will result.
treatment equipment in the vicinity of the
device may interfere with its operation and WARNING
pose a risk of patient injury.
Do not place any container with liquids
(e.g., infusion bottle) above or on top of
WARNING Evita XL. Any liquid getting into the device
Never use flammable medications (e.g. on the could prevent Evita XL from working properly
basis of isopropyl alcohol) or other or damage it and endanger the patient.
substances based on flammable solvents in
the breathing system. Always provide
WARNING
adequate ventilation when using flammable
substances for disinfection. Flammable When using Evita XL in combination with
vapors may otherwise ignite when calibrating other products and when using Evita XL
the flow sensor and destroy the flow sensor in during transportation within the hospital the
the process. Fire hazard! person responsible for operating the device
must ensure that all equipment is adequately
secured in accordance with applicable safety
WARNING standards.
Always use extreme caution when using
oxygen!
CAUTION
Oxygen intensely supports any burning! No The touch active area of the screen has a
smoking, no open fire in areas where oxygen sensitive surface. Damage to the surface will lead
is in use! to malfunctions when using the touch active
Always provide adequate ventilation in order operating elements. Do not operate the touch
to maintain ambient O2 concentrations of active area of the screen with sharp objects. Do
21 %. not damage the screen surface of Evita XL when
cleaning or during transportation within the
Always secure O2 cylinders against tipping hospital.
over, do not expose to extreme heat.
Do not use oil or grease on O2 equipment such NOTE
as tank valves or pressure regulators. Do not The risk of endangering the patient by software
touch with oily hands. Risk of fire! errors is minimized as follows:
A software development process is applied that
Open and close valves slowly, with smooth
conforms with the state-of-the-art technology and
turns. Do not use any tools.
international standards for medical devices.
WARNING
Always heed all precautions and follow all
hospital protocols with respect to the
administration of oxygen. Make adjustments
to the FiO2 according to the blood gas values
measured.

Note on EMC/ESD risk for the device Ventilation Monitoring

function
The monitoring integrated in Evita XL monitors the
General information on electromagnetic following parameters:
compatibility (EMC) pursuant to international – Airway pressure, PAW
EMC standard IEC 60601-1-2:
– Expiratory minute volume, MV
Electromedical devices are subject to special
precautionary measures concerning – Inspiratory tidal volume, VTi
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and must be – Inspiratory O2 concentration, FiO2
installed and put into operation in accordance with
the EMC information provided on page 235. – Inspiratory breathing gas temperature, T
Portable and mobile RF communications – End-expiratory CO2 concentration, etCO2

equipment can affect medical electrical equipment. – Apnea time, TApnea
WARNING – Respiratory rate, fspn
Connector pins with an electrostatic Changes in these parameters may be caused by:
discharge (ESD) warning sign should
not be touched and no connections – acute changes in the patient’s condition
should be made between these connectors – incorrect settings and user error
without implementing ESD protective
measures. Such precautionary procedures – device fault conditions
may include antistatic clothing and shoes, the – failure of power and gas supplies
touch of a ground stud before and during
connecting the pins or the use of electrically WARNING
isolating and antistatic gloves. All staff In case of malfunction of any of the built-in
involved in the above shall receive instruction monitoring, a substitute must be provided in
in these ESD precautionary procedures. order to maintain an adequate level of
monitoring. The operator of the ventilator
system must still assume full responsibility
Sterile Accessories for proper ventilation and patient safety in all
situations.
CAUTION
During O2 Therapy, the monitoring functions of
Do not use sterile-packaged accessories if the
Evita XL are restricted.
packaging has been opened, is damaged or there
are other signs of non-sterility. Disposable articles
may not be reprocessed and resterilized.
Reuse, processing or sterilization can lead to a

failure of the medical devices and cause injuries to
patient.

Back-up ventilation with an independent

manual ventilation device
WARNING
The user should ensure that back-up
ventilation with an independent manual
ventilation device is always available.
If a fault is detected in Evita XL, so that its life-
support functions are no longer assured: start
ventilation using an independent ventilation
device without delay – if necessary with PEEP
and/or an increased inspiratory O2
concentration (e.g., with manual breathing
bag MR 100).


Application
Application
Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Environment of Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Scope of Delivery and Available Options. . . 16

Evita XL without options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Monitoring in accordance with the options
used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Application
Intended Use
Evita XL – Long-term ventilator for intensive care. Evita XL Neo* – Long-term ventilator for intensive
care.
For adults, children, and neonates with a minimum
body weight of 3 kg (6.6 lbs). For children, neonates, and premature infants with
a minimum body weight of 0.5 kg (1.1 lbs).
For premature infants with a minimum body weight
of 0.5 kg (1.1 lbs) only with the NeoFlow option. For adults only with the Adult option.
* In some countries only available under the name

Evita XL.
Environment of Use
In the intensive care ward or in the recovery room.

During transportation of ventilated patients within
the hospital.
Scope of Delivery and Available Options
Evita XL without options – PLV (Pressure Limited Ventilation)

Pressure limited constant-volume ventilation
Evita XL for the Adult and Pediatric patient – AutoFlow®
categories for automatic setting of inspiratory flow and
Evita XL Neo for the Neonatal and Pediatric patient Pinsp
categories – IRV (Inversed Ratio Ventilation)
Evita XL and Evita XL Neo can be supplemented Ventilation with inversed inspiration/expiration
with options, see page 18. ratio
CMV ventilation mode SIMV ventilation mode

Continuous Mandatory Ventilation Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
Volume-controlled ventilation with fixed mandatory Combines mechanical (volume-controlled)
minute volume. ventilation with spontaneous breathing.
With the functions: With the functions:
– CPPV (Continuous Positive Pressure – PLV (Pressure Limited Ventilation)
Ventilation) Controlled ventilation with Pressure limited constant-volume ventilation
continuous positive airway pressure

Application
– AutoFlow® If apnea occurs, Evita XL sounds an alarm after the

for automatic setting of inspiratory flow and preset alarm period (TApnea ) and starts apnea
Pinsp ventilation.
SB (Spontaneous Breathing) O2 Therapy

Spontaneous breathing at ambient pressure Continuous flow application with adjustable O2
concentration and flow for the O2 Therapy function
for patients with independent breathing and using
PCV+ ventilation mode
oxygen masks.
Pressure Controlled Ventilation plus
(BIPAP* (Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure))
DC power pack**
Pressure-controlled ventilation combined with free
Integrated DC power pack supplying Evita XL with
spontaneous breathing during the complete
power from two internal 12 V lead-acid gel batteries
breathing cycle and adjustable pressure support on
for a maximum of 10 minutes.
CPAP level.
For uninterrupted operation in case of mains power
failure, Evita XL automatically switches over to the
CPAP ventilation mode
internal batteries.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Spontaneous breathing with positive airway MEDIBUS
pressure.
Software protocol for the transfer of data between
Evita XL and an external medical or non-medical
PSupp. ventilation mode device (e.g., patient monitors or computers for data
management systems) via an RS 232 interface,
Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing.
see "MEDIBUS for Dräger Intensive Care Devices"
(9028329).
ILV ventilation mode
Independent Lung Ventilation Automatic gas switch-over
Differential, synchronized ventilation with two Evita In the event of a gas failure, Evita XL automatically
devices, independently ventilating each lung. switches over to the other gas supply available.
Apnea ventilation additional setting Other features

If apnea occurs while Apnea Ventilation is – Standard display of waveforms, measured
activated, the system automatically switches over values, and PV-Loop
to mandatory ventilation.
– Three waveforms can be displayed on-screen
In the Adult and Pediatric patient categories, the at the same time
device switches over to volume-controlled
– PV-Loop
ventilation.
Evita XL offers limited configurability.
In the Neonatal patient category, the device
switches over to pressure-controlled ventilation.
** Optional on Evita 4 and Evita 2 dura with the Evita XL

* Trademark Used Under Licence option

Application
Options – PLV (Pressure Limited Ventilation)

Pressure limited constant-volume
Evita XL displays the options available in the ventilation.
device, see "Displaying available options" – AutoFlow®
on page 162. for automatic setting of inspiratory flow and
Pinsp
NIV – Non-Invasive Ventilation – PCV+ Assist (Pressure Controlled Ventilation
plus, Assisted (BIPAP Assist))
Patients with spontaneous breathing are supported Pressure-controlled, assisted ventilation
with non-invasive ventilation therapies using a
nasal or face mask.
XL Monitoring Plus
Choice between mask ventilation and ventilation of
intubated patients. Additional loops, trends, and diagnostic functions
– Intrinsic PEEP measurement
LPP* (Lung Protection Package) Determination of Intrinsic PEEP and measuring
trapped volume (air trapping)
– Recruitment Trends
– Low Flow PV-Loop – Occlusion pressure measurement
Evaluation of patient’s breathing drive during
spontaneous breathing
Adult
– Negative Inspiratory Force NIF
Standard on Evita XL Measurement of the patient's maximum
Addition of Adult patient category to Evita XL Neo inspiratory effort following expiration
– RSB
ATC (Automatic Tube Compensation) Rapid Shallow Breathing
Compensation of tube resistance
XL Configuration Plus
Can be used with all ventilation modes.
Additional configuration possibilities for:
– Measured values
XL Ventilation Plus – Buttons in the main menu bar
Additional ventilation modes: – Screen configurations
– Customized values and settings
– APRV (Airway Pressure Release Ventilation)
Spontaneous breathing on two independently-
adjustable pressure levels with long time SmartCare / PS**
ranges. Knowledge-based system for clinical guidelines.
– MMV (Mandatory Minute (Volume) Ventilation) For the use of SmartCare / PS the following options
Spontaneous breathing with automatic are additionally required:
adjustment of mandatory ventilation to the – CapnoPlus
patient's minute volume requirement. – ATC
With the functions: – XL Monitoring Plus
– XL Configuration Plus
* Not available on Evita XL Neo ** Not available on Evita XL Neo

Application
NeoFlow External battery for DC power pack

Standard on Evita XL Neo Extension of integrated DC power pack with
external 12 V or 24 V lead-acid gel batteries.
Neonatal mode with basic flow
For uninterrupted operation for max. 2 hours in
Extends the range of uses of Evita XL to include
case of mains supply failure
long-term ventilation of premature infants through
addition of the Neo. patient category. For supplying power during transportation within
the hospital
In the Ped. and Neo. patient categories, a
proximal neonatal flow sensor is used for flow
monitoring. Remote Pad
Remote control of routine functions
NurseCall
– Nurse call for connection to central hospital
alarm system Monitoring in accordance with the
– Connection option for Remote Pad options used
– Airway pressure, PAW

CapnoPlus
– Expiratory minute volume, MV
Proximal CO2 measurement
– Inspiratory tidal volume, VTi
Evita Link – Inspiratory O2 concentration, FiO2
Interface card – Inspiratory breathing gas temperature, T
Output of measured values, status messages and – Apnea time, TApnea

alarm messages to connected equipment for – Respiratory rate, fspn
monitoring, documentation, or further processing.
– End-expiratory CO2 concentration, etCO2


System Overview
System Overview
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Front Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Evita XL Mobil trolley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

System Overview
Control Panel
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
MT-0071-2008
A Audio paused 2 min. or Alarm Silence I Touch-sensitive screen
key for suppressing the alarm tone for two
minutes
B Alarm Limits key for setting alarm limits
C Ventilator Settings key for setting
ventilation mode and ventilation parameters
D Unassigned key for future functions
E Sensor Parameter key for calibrating
sensors and for switching monitoring on or off
F System Setup key for configuring device
1
2
3
functions
G Start/Standby key for switching between
operation and standby mode
H Rotary knob for selecting and confirming
settings

System Overview
Front Connections
A B C D E F G H
MT-0072-2008
A Gas exhaust port H Locking screw for protective cover

(EXHAUST – NOT FOR SPIROMETERS) (behind it: O2 sensor and ambient air filter)
B Flow sensor
C Flow sensor flap (thermal cover)
D Expiratory valve with expiratory connector port
(GAS RETURN)
E Latch for expiratory valve
F Nebulizer connection
G Inspiratory connector port (GAS OUTPUT)

System Overview
Back Panel
A B C D E
Q
F
P
G
O
L K J I H EvitaXL_back_panel
A Power switch with protective flap J Temp socket for temperature sensor
B COM 2, COM 3 ports for RS 232, 2 CAN K CO2 socket for CO2 sensor (optional)
interfaces and analog interface (optional)
L COM 1 RS 232C port for RS 232 interface,
C Connection for Remote Pad (optional) e.g., for printer
D Connection for nurse call (optional) M Rating plate (not visible) on the left-hand side
panel
E Cooling-air filter
N AC fuses
F Connection for neonatal flow sensor (optional)
O Connector for power cable
G ILV socket for the connecting cable for
independent lung ventilation with two P DC socket
ventilators
Q Fan
H Connection for O2
I Connection for medical air (Air)

System Overview
Labels
Main WARNING/CAUTION label
DANGER !
RISK OF EXPLOSION IF USED IN THE
PRESENCE OF FLAMMABLE ANESTHETICS
WARNING !
No pushing
DISCONNECT SUPPLY BEFORE SERVICING
REPAIRS ON THIS EQUIPMENT TO BE
PERFORMED ONLY BY DrägerService OR ITS
AUTHORIZED SERVICE CENTERS
CAUTION !
TO MAINTAIN GROUNDING INTEGRITY,
CONNECT ONLY TO A "HOSPITAL GRADE"
RECEPTACLE
TO REDUCE RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO
NOT REMOVE COVER
USE ONLY DRY AND CLEAN COMPRESSED
AIR AND OXYGEN. WATER IN GAS SUPPLY
CAN CAUSE EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTION
FEDERAL (USA) LAW RESTRICTS THIS
DEVICE TO SALE BY OR ON THE ORDER OF A
PHYSICIAN
Air intake CAUTION label
CAUTION !
DO NOT BLOCK
AIR INTAKE

System Overview
Evita XL Mobil trolley
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
123
A Evita XL
B Handle
C Trolley column
D Hose hook
E Humidifier holder (optional)
F Alignment aid
G Universal bracket with standard rail (optional)
H Dual castors with locking brakes, 4 x

System Overview
Abbreviations
Abbreviation Description
Adult Option for Evita XL Neo so that the device can be used for adults
Alarm Info Display alarm causes and remedies
Alarm Reset Acknowledge alarm message
APRV Airway Pressure Release Ventilation. Spontaneous breathing at continuous positive
airway pressure with short-term pressure release
ATC Automatic Tube Compensation
AutoFlow Special function for automatic regulation of the inspiratory flow during volume-controlled
ventilation, enables free deep breathing
BIPAP Assist Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure Assisted. Ventilation mode for assisted ventilation
(PCV+ Assist) with continuous positive airway pressure with two different pressure levels
BIPAP Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure. Ventilation mode for spontaneous breathing at
(PCV+) continuous positive airway pressure with two different pressure levels
bpm Breaths per minute
BTPS Body Temperature, Pressure, Saturated
Measured values based on the conditions of the patient lungs: body temperature 37 °C
(98.6 °F), water-vapor saturated gas, ambient pressure
C Compliance
CAN Controller Area Network
CCP Critical Closing Pressure
CMV Continuous Mandatory Ventilation
Intermittent ventilation with positive pressure
CMVAssist Trigger-assisted Continuous Mandatory Ventilation
CO2 CO2 production [L/min]
Comp. Degree of tube compensation (set value)
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Spontaneous breathing with positive airway
pressure
CPAP/ PSupp Spontaneous breathing with positive airway pressure and pressure support
CPPV Continuous Positive Pressure Ventilation
Controlled ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure
Cstat Static compliance
Δint.PEEP Intermittent Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (expiratory sigh)
ΔPApnea Set value for PApnea relative to PEEP
ΔPAW Pressure support on the tube
ΔPSupp Set value for PSupp. relative to PEEP
EIP End-inspiratory pressure

System Overview
EMC Electromagnetic compatibility
etCO2 End-expiratory CO2 concentration
Ext. Flow External Flow
f Respiratory rate in bpm
Fail to cycle Breathing cycle failure. Ventilator detects no inspiration
fApnea Respiratory rate setting for apnea ventilation
FeCO2 Expiratory CO2 concentration
FiO2 Inspiratory O2 concentration
Flow Set value of the maximum inspiratory flow
In the Neonatal patient category:
Displayed real-time waveform, patient flow, with leakage correction (measured value)
FlowAssist Adjustable pressure assistance in proportion to patient flow
Flowbf Basic flow (system setting), see "Power Characteristics" on page 213
Flowexp Expiratory flow, without leakage correction
Flowinsp Inspiratory flow, without leakage correction
Flowleak Current leakage flow
Flowout Flow through the expiratory valve during inspiration
Flowpatient Inspiratory/expiratory flow, with leakage correction (measured value)
fmand Mandatory mechanical portion of overall respiratory rate
fspn Spontaneous breathing portion of overall respiratory rate
ftotal Total respiratory rate (fmand + fspn)
ftrig. Triggered portion of overall respiratory rate
I:E Ratio of inspiratory : expiratory time
IBW Ideal Body Weight
ID ∅ Internal tube diameter (set value)
ILV Independent Lung Ventilation
Ventilation with two ventilators, one for each lung
insp. flow Inspiratory Flow
IPPV Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
Intermittent ventilation with positive pressure
IPPVAssist Trigger-assisted Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
IRV Inversed Ratio Ventilation. Ventilation with inversed ratio of inspiration/expiration
KG Body weight [kg]
KTube Tube coefficient
LIP Lower Inflection Point
LUST List-controlled universal interface driver program
MEDIBUS Dräger communication protocol for medical devices

System Overview
MMV Mandatory Minute (Volume) Ventilation
MV Minute volume, without leakage correction (measured value)
MVleak Leakage minute volume – mean leakage flow, averaged over inspiration and expiration
(measured value)
MVPatient Expiratory measured minute volume, with leakage correction
MVspn Spontaneously breathed minute volume
NeoFlow Option for Evita XL so that the device can be used for neonates
NIF Negative Inspiratory Force. Maximum inspiratory effort
NIV Non-Invasive Ventilation, mask ventilation
NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient
NTPD Normal Temperature, Pressure, Dry
O2 Set value for inspiratory O2 concentration [Vol.%]
O2↑ suction Oxygenation program active
P0.1 100 ms occlusion pressure
PApnea Set value for inspiratory pressure with apnea ventilation
PAW Airway pressure at the Y-piece (measured value)
PCV+ Assist Ventilation mode for assisted ventilation with continuous positive airway pressure with
(BIPAP Assist) two different pressure levels
PCV+ Ventilation mode for spontaneous breathing at continuous positive airway pressure with
(BIPAP) two different pressure levels
PEEP Positive End-Expiratory Pressure
PEEPi Intrinsic PEEP
Pexp Airway pressure in the expiratory breathing hose
Phigh Set value of the upper pressure level in APRV
Pinsp Set value of the upper pressure level in PCV+
Pleth Plethysmogram
Plimit Set value of maximum applied airway pressure during measuring maneuver Low Flow
PV-Loop
Plow Set value for the lower pressure level in APRV
PLV Pressure Limited Ventilation
Pmax Maximum airway pressure
PMC Point of Maximum Curvature
Pmean Mean airway pressure at the Y-piece (measured value)
Pmin Minimum airway pressure
Ppeak Peak pressure
Pplat End-inspiratory airway pressure
PS Pressure Support

System Overview
Pstart Initial airway pressure during measuring maneuver Low Flow PV-Loop
PSupp. Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing
PSupp. Set value for PSupp. pressure support
PSV Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing
PTrach Pressure in the trachea
QRS Intraventricular excitation propagation in the ECG
R Resistance
RecrTrend Recruitment Trend. Breath-based trend
Rexp Flow resistance of the expiratory breathing hose
Rinsp Flow resistance of the inspiratory breathing hose
RSBi Rapid Shallow Breathing. Quotient of spontaneous breathing rate and tidal volume
SB Spontaneous Breathing. Spontaneous breath at ambient pressure
SIMV Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
Slope Pressure rise time for PSupp.
SpO2 Functional oxygen saturation
T Inspiratory breathing gas temperature
TApnea Apnea alarm delay time
Taue Respiratory time constant, expiratory:
– with activated leakage compensation = leakage-compensated tidal volume /
leakage-compensated maximum expiratory flow
– with deactivated leakage compensation = expiratory tidal volume / maximum
expiratory flow
Tdeconnect Delay time for alarm limit PAW (airway pressure low) in Mask (NIV) application mode
Te Expiratory time
TGI Tracheal Gas Insufflation
Thigh Time for the upper pressure level in APRV
Ti Inspiratory time
Ti max Set value of the inspiratory time with non-invasive ventilation in CPAP/ PSupp
ventilation mode
Tinsp Set value of the inspiratory time
Tlow Time for the lower pressure level in APRV
Tmax [sec] Maximum period of measuring maneuver Low Flow PV-Loop
Trigg. [L/min] Set value for the flow trigger threshold
UIP Upper Inflection Point
UMDNS Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System
Vds Serial dead space
Vlimit Set value of maximum applied volume during measuring maneuver Low Flow PV-Loop
Vol.Assist Adjustable pressure support in proportion to tidal volume

System Overview
VT Set value for tidal volume
VT PSupp Inspiratory tidal volume during a PSupp. breath
VTApnea Set value for tidal volume of apnea ventilation
VTe Expiratory tidal volume
VTi Inspiratory tidal volume
Vtrap Volume trapped in the lung by Intrinsic PEEP and not exhaled during subsequent
expiration

System Overview
Symbols
Symbol Name Description

Audio paused 2 min. Suppress audible alarm for 2 minutes
Alarm Silence Suppress audible alarm for 2 minutes
Alarm Limits Set alarm limits

Ventilator Settings Settings for ventilation
Sensor Parameter Sensor calibration
1
2
System Setup Configuration
3
Start/Standby Ventilation/standby
Main Back to main screen

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Select different sets of measured values
Freeze Freeze
Display alarm limit in trend
Real-time waveforms, loops, and trends

Lower alarm limit
Upper alarm limit
Nebulizer active
Mask (NIV) Non-Invasive Ventilation. Mask ventilation
Active Humid. Breathing gas humidifier

HME/ Filter Heat and Moisture Exchanger
Mains supply
Ext. External battery
Int. Internal batteries
Insert flow sensor
Direct access to settings, locked
Direct access to settings, unlocked
Exp. Expiratory outlet port (GAS RETURN)

Insp. Inspiratory port (GAS OUTPUT)1)
Gas exhaust port (EXHAUST – NOT FOR SPIROMETER)1)

System Overview
Symbol Name Description

Adult Adult patient category
Ped. Pediatric patient category
Neo. Neonatal patient category
Supplementary information
X Close dialog window
Mark for a correct result during Device Check
Caution! Observe important safety-relevant information and
precautionary measures in the Instructions for Use.
Consult Instructions for Use!
Protective grounding
Protection class type B
Protection class type BF
Spontaneous breathing activity by the patient

Remote Pad, remote control
Nurse Call
Tube compensation activated
Select screen configuration
Save screen configuration

Mask out screen configuration
Country Country-specific settings
Do not reprocess
ESD warning symbol
Disposal information
Counter weight 8415824 in EvitaMobil trolley

8415824
max.
40 kg /
50 kg
Requirements to avoid Evita XL with the EvitaMobil trolley tipping

max. 50
kg
max. 5°
over
max. 50
kg
Caution! Consult
Requirements to avoid Evita XL with the Evita XL Mobil trolley
tipping over
accompanying
kg documents!
max. 10
kg
max. 60
max. 100 kg
max. 5°
Label to identify surfaces on the device where there is an increased

risk of the device tipping over when pressing, leaning against, etc.
1) additionally, depending on ventilator hardware version


Operating Concept
Operating Concept
Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Buttons with a Fixed Function . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Main . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Main menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Dialog windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Therapy bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Therapy controls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Controls and color scheme. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Setting ventilation parameters on the main
screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Direct setting of ventilation parameters . . . . . . 40
Linked setting of ventilation parameters . . . . . . 41
Direct and linked setting of ventilation
parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Operating Concept
Control Panel
The control panel is characterized by the small A Large screen with all the information and
number of operating elements, its clear layout and controls needed for ventilation.
easy operation.
B Fixed function keys beside the screen – for
Its main elements are: rapid access to major functions.
C Rotary knob for selecting and confirming
D settings on the screen.
B
A
C
Evita XL
001
Buttons with a Fixed Function
The following buttons are available for rapid access A Audio paused 2 min. or Alarm Silence
to important screen functions: key for suppressing the alarm tone for two
minutes
D B Alarm Limits for setting the alarm limits.
A C Ventilator Settings for setting the
B
C ventilation mode and ventilation parameters
D D Unassigned key for future functions
E
F E Sensor Parameter for calibrating the
G sensors and for switching monitoring on or off
F System Setup for configuring the device
1
2
3
functions
Evita XL
G Start/Standby for selecting the operating

mode or standby mode
002

Operating Concept
Screen
Main Main menu bar
The Main screen displays all the most important The main menu bar contains fixed and freely
ventilation data at a glance. configurable buttons. Touching a button opens the
corresponding dialog window or activates the
A corresponding function.
Fixed buttons
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
B , , for selecting a different set of measured

C values in the field for measured values.
Main for selecting the main screen.
Data ... for displaying all measured values, the
logbook, or trends on an additional card.
Special Procedure ... for selecting additional
D E F functions, e.g., medication nebulization or
500
oxygenation for bronchial suctioning.

A Header bar with the following fields:
– Alarms, messages, and instructions for the Freely configurable buttons
user, see page 124
Additional buttons for directly accessing functions
– Therapy status: Therapy type (ventilation or dialog windows can be configured, See "Defining
or O2 Therapy), ventilation mode, and additional buttons in the main menu bar"
additional settings on page 158.
– Patient category, see page 79
B Monitoring area with waveforms, loops, trends,
and measured values, see "Measured Values,
Graphics, and Trends" on page 129. The
display can be configured, see "Selecting
screen display" on page 157.
C Main menu bar with buttons for opening dialog
windows and activating functions, see page 37.
D Therapy bar with therapy controls for the
ventilation parameters of the active ventilation
mode and its additional settings, see page 38.
E Field for device status with type of
humidification
F Power supply display

Operating Concept
Dialog windows Therapy controls
Dialog windows consist of one or several pages The therapy controls are used to set the ventilation
which are displayed by touching the corresponding parameters.
horizontal or vertical tab. Dialog windows contain
Therapy controls are contained in the therapy bar
elements for operating the device and inform the
of the active ventilation mode and in the dialog
user of current settings. Dialog windows can be
window for specifying the ventilation settings.
opened by pressing a key or by touching a button in
the main menu bar.
A
B D E
A
B
502
C
A Therapy controls
502
A Dialog window title

Start-up settings
B Tab – touch the relevant tab to open a page.
Arrows ( ) beside the scales on the therapy
C Setting assistance field
controls indicate the start-up values valid when
D Button for accessing additional information Evita XL is switched on. These values can be
(if applicable) configured as required by the hospital. See "Setting
start-up values for ventilation" on page 163.
E Button for closing the dialog window
Locking
Therapy bar The therapy controls in the therapy bar can be
locked against the ventilation parameters being
The therapy bar on the main screen contains the changed by accident. See "Locking therapy
therapy controls for the active ventilation mode. controls" on page 160.
F
501
F Therapy controls

Operating Concept
Controls and color scheme For therapy controls:

1 2 5
The following controls are available to the user:
– Tabs
– Therapy controls
– Buttons 3
The touch-sensitive screen controls are used in a
similar way as real keys and rotary knobs:
– Touching these controls with a fingertip is
equivalent to pressing a key or taking hold of a 4
005
knob.
– Settings are made and confirmed by turning 1 to select = touch,
and pressing the rotary knob. 2 the therapy control turns yellow,
Colors are used to indicate the status of the screen 3 to set = turn rotary knob,
controls:
4 to confirm = press rotary knob,
gray = not available
5 the therapy control turns pale green or dark
yellow = ready for use green.
pale green = available, but is not active
dark green = available and is active Exceeding the limit set for a ventilation
parameter
For buttons: When the limit set for the parameter has been
reached, Evita XL displays a message.
1 2 4
z To exceed the set limit, press the rotary knob.
The user can now exceed the set limit.
If the maximum limit set for a parameter has been
reached, e. g., in relation to other parameters, it is
not possible to exceed the set limit.
z Press rotary knob. Evita XL adopts the
3 maximum value that can be set.
004
1 to select = touch,
2 the button turns yellow,
3 to confirm = press rotary knob,
4 the button turns pale green or dark green.

Operating Concept
Setting ventilation parameters on the Setting ventilation parameters directly

main screen 1 Touch the relevant therapy control.
On the main screen in the therapy bar: 2 Press the rotary knob and hold down for approx.
3 seconds.
1 Touch the therapy control.
The therapy control turns dark green with a yellow
Evita XL opens the Ventilator Settings dialog edge. The direct setting function is now active.
window. The selected therapy control (A) is yellow
and can be directly set.
504
3 To set a value, press and turn the rotary knob.
503
2 To set the value, turn the rotary knob. The set value is immediately effective.
3 Press the rotary knob to confirm the value. After releasing the rotary knob, the parameter can
still be set directly:
The color of the therapy control changes to dark
green. The new setting is now effective. z Press and turn the rotary knob again.
Exceeding the limit set for a parameter with

Direct setting of ventilation parameters direct setting
When the limit set for the parameter has been
When a ventilation parameter is set directly, the
changes to a setting are immediately effective. The
user can see the effect of the modified setting on 4 Briefly release the rotary knob.
the patient at once. The finally chosen setting does
5 Press and turn the rotary knob again.
not have to be confirmed again.
The following ventilation parameters can be set
directly:
– PEEP in all ventilation modes
– Pinsp in PCV+ and PCV+ Assist
– Phigh and Plow in APRV
Direct setting can be performed in the Ventilator
Settings dialog window.
O2 cannot be set directly.

Operating Concept
Linked setting of ventilation parameters Direct and linked setting of ventilation

parameters
Linked setting is possible for the following
parameters: Direct and linked setting is possible for Pinsp/PEEP
– Pinsp/PEEP and for Phigh/Plow.
The pressure difference remains constant.
– Phigh/Plow Linking and directly setting Pinsp/PEEP
The pressure difference remains constant.
– Tinsp/f
The I:E ratio remains constant.
Linking Pinsp/PEEP G
E F
506
1 Touch the Pinsp (E) or PEEP therapy control
(F).
D 2 Touch the Link Pinsp/PEEP button (G).
C 3 Press the rotary knob and hold down for approx.
A B 3 seconds.
505
1 Touch the Pinsp (A) or PEEP (B) therapy The therapy controls turn dark green with a yellow
control. The color changes to yellow. edge. The direct setting function is now active.
2 Touch the Link Pinsp/PEEP button (C). 4 To set a value, press and turn the rotary knob.
The therapy control of the other parameter (Pinsp or The linked value is set correspondingly. The values
PEEP) turns yellow. are immediately effective.
3 Turn the rotary knob to set the value for Pinsp or After releasing the rotary knob, the parameters can
PEEP. The linked value is set correspondingly. still be set directly:
4 Press the rotary knob to confirm the value. z Press and turn the rotary knob again.
Both therapy controls turn dark green.
The linked setting of Tinsp and f can be performed Exceeding the limit set for a parameter with
in the same way. direct setting
z Touch the I : E constant button (D). When the limit set for a parameter has been
The linked setting of Phigh and Plow is possible in
APRV and can be performed in the same way. 5 Briefly release the rotary knob.
6 Press and turn the rotary knob again.
Direct and linked setting of Phigh and Plow is
possible in APRV and can be performed in the
same way.


Preparation
Preparation
Safety Information for Preparation . . . . . . . . 44
Safety Information for the Trolley . . . . . . . . . 44
Preparation of the Evita XL Mobil Trolley. . . 45

Attaching universal bracket with standard
rail to trolley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Attaching humidifier holder to trolley . . . . . . . . 46
Attach the accessory to the standard rail . . . . . 46
Attaching compressed gas cylinders to
trolley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Placing the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Preparation of the EvitaMobil Trolley . . . . . . 49

Placing the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Positioning the Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Mounting the control panel to the device . . . . . 51
Mounting the control panel to a wall rail . . . . . . 51
Preparation of Evita XL for Ventilation . . . . . 52

Installing the expiratory valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Mounting the flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Flow sensor flap (thermal cover) . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Installing an O2 sensor capsule . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Safety information on using HMEs, bacterial
filters, and breathing circuits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Connecting a breathing gas humidifier . . . . . . . 55
Connecting breathing circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Installing a temperature sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Installing a neonatal flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Installing a CO2 cuvette and CO2 sensor . . . . . 59
Connecting to the power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Connecting to the gas supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Connecting Evita Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Connecting Nurse Call . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Transportation within the hospital /

Moving Evita XL with the trolley . . . . . . . . . . 65

Preparation
Safety Information for Preparation
WARNING WARNING
Before each use, reprocess the device and all Do not place any container with liquids
the accessories according to the information (e.g., infusion bottle) above or on top of
in the Instructions for Use, see page 189. Evita XL. Any liquid getting into the device
Hospital infection control regulations must be could prevent Evita XL from working properly
observed! or damage it and endanger the patient.
WARNING CAUTION
To prevent the ventilator from tipping over, it Lock all the castors and check correct operation
must not be tilted more than 5°! Otherwise, of the brakes when parking the trolley.
high risk of the ventilator tipping over.
Safety Information for the Trolley
WARNING
In the event of non-observance of the
permitted loads and centers of gravity, there is
a high risk of the ventilator tipping over.
Observe the maximum loads and centers of
gravity.
CAUTION
Do not use the trolley in the event of visible
damage e. g., damaged castors! Call
DrägerService.
CAUTION
Attach devices securely to the trolley. Check to
make sure they are secure. Risk of damage to the
device or personal injury!
CAUTION
Do not lean or press against surfaces identified by
the label The trolley may tip over.

Preparation
Preparation of the Evita XL Mobil Trolley
The necessary accessories are to be installed by WARNING

properly trained service personnel in accordance
Do not move the Evita XL Mobil trolley with
with the respective mounting instructions:
Evita XL any faster than normal walking pace.
– Humidifier holder There is a higher risk of it tipping over at
thresholds, on uneven floors, and on ramps.
– Universal bracket
Reduce speed.
– External battery
– Breathing air compressor WARNING
– Do not load the base plate of the
– Cylinder holders for compressed gas cylinders Evita XL Mobil trolley with more than 60 kg
(132 lbs) (e.g., with compressed gas
Requirements to avoid Evita XL with the cylinders, breathing air compressor,
Evita XL Mobil trolley tipping over: external battery).
– Do not load the console of the
Evita XL Mobil trolley with more than 50 kg
(110 lbs). E.g., through:
– device,
0 kg
max. 5 – patient monitor with monitor holder and
– hinged arm.
– Do not load the humidifier holder (optional)
or universal bracket (optional) with more
than 10 kg (22 lbs), e.g., with breathing gas
humidifier or medication nebulizer.
High risk for the ventilator to tip over and to
injure the patient.
0 kg
max. 1
WARNING
0 kg The maximum total load for the trolley is
max. 6 100 kg (220 lbs). Otherwise there is a higher
risk of it tipping over.
max. 100 kg
max. 5°
125
WARNING
To prevent the ventilator from tipping over, it
must not be tilted more than 5°! Otherwise,

Preparation
Attaching universal bracket with Attaching humidifier holder to trolley

standard rail to trolley
The humidifier holder (optional) can be attached to
The universal bracket with standard rail (optional) is the left- or right-hand side of the trolley column.
attached to the trolley. Attachment of the humidifier holder to the right-
hand side is shown here.
1 Turn the clamping screw (A) counterclockwise
until the humidifier holder can be inserted in the
groove of the trolley column (B).
A
B
A
C B
C
120
1 Fully unscrew clamping screw (A).
121
2 Engage right-hand side of the bracket at the
2 Turn the clamping screw (A) clockwise until the
right-hand side of the rail (B). Ensure that the
humidifier holder is firmly engaged in the
nose of the universal bracket is located
groove.
completely behind the alignment aid.
3 Move the standard rail (C) to the required
3 Align the bracket (C) horizontally and press the
position.
left-hand side of the bracket against the left-
hand side of the column.
4 Tighten the clamping screw (A). Ensure that the Attach the accessory to the standard rail
nose of the universal bracket is located
completely behind the alignment aid. Fasten accessory, e.g., breathing gas humidifier or
5 Check that the universal bracket is securely in medication nebulizer, to the standard rail. Observe
place. maximum load!
Adjusting height of universal bracket

1 Unscrew the clamping screw (A).
2 Adjust the height of the universal bracket (C).
3 Align the universal bracket horizontally.
4 Tighten the clamping screw (A) again.

Preparation
Attaching compressed gas cylinders to 1 Place the cylinders in the mounts on the trolley.
trolley 2 Secure each cylinder with two Velcro straps (A).
Only available with cylinder holder option
WARNING
Attach compressed gas cylinders securely to
the trolley with the two Velcro straps.
Otherwise, tilt stability is not assured.
A A
WARNING
Have the height of the upper holder adapted to
the height of the relevant compressed gas
cylinders by properly trained service
personnel. Adjust the height so that the upper
halves of the compressed gas cylinders are
held by the Velcro straps. Otherwise, tilt A A
stability may be compromised.
WARNING
The length of the Velcro straps must be
122
appropriate for the diameter of the
compressed gas cylinders in order to ensure CAUTION
correct fastening. If necessary, have Position compressed gas cylinders with pressure
appropriate Velcro straps fitted by authorized reducers in such a way that the pressure reducers
technical service personnel. Otherwise, may not be damaged during transport. The base
secure fastening is not assured. plate of the trolley serves as impact protection. If
the compressed air cylinders are too big,
Compressed gas cylinders with the following particular care must be taken.
dimensions can be fitted:
Diameter: 80 to 160 mm (3.15 to 6.3 inch)
Length: 420 to 870 mm (16.54 to 34.25 inch)
CAUTION
Not every combination of diameter and length can
be fitted.
The compressed gas cylinders with mounted
pressure reducers must not touch the console of
the trolley.
The max. diameter allowed is 178 mm (7.0 inch),
if the foot of the compressed gas cylinder
completely is seated solidly on the base plate of
the lower holder or is formed as a hemisphere.

Preparation
Placing the device
124
z Place device on the console and lock it in place,

you should hear the snap of the latching device.
The device must be firmly fixed on both sides of
the trolley.

Preparation
Preparation of the EvitaMobil Trolley
The necessary accessories are to be installed by Requirements to avoid Evita XL with the
properly trained service personnel in accordance EvitaMobil trolley tipping over:
with the respective mounting instructions:
– Humidifier holder
– External battery max.
50 kg
40 kg /
– DC connecting cable
– Breathing air compressor
– Cylinder holders for compressed gas cylinders
– Monitor holder with counter weight kit
WARNING
Monitors with monitor holders should only be
installed on Evita XL when the EvitaMobil 0 kg
max. 5
trolley is equipped with a counter weight
mounted under the base plate or when a
breathing air compressor is mounted. High
risk of the ventilator tipping over!
max. 5°
If EvitaMobil is equipped with the counter weight,
007
there is a label (part no. 8415824) on the front side
of the base plate. WARNING
To prevent the ventilator from tipping over, it
8415824
must not be tilted more than 5°! Otherwise,

WARNING
Do not move the EvitaMobil trolley with
Evita XL any faster than normal walking pace.
006
There is a higher risk of it tipping over at

thresholds, on uneven floors, and on ramps.
Reduce speed.

Preparation
WARNING Placing the device

– Do not load the base plate of the EvitaMobil
trolley with more than 50 kg (110 lbs)
(e.g., with compressed gas cylinders,
breathing air compressor).
– Do not load the console of the EvitaMobil
trolley with more than 40 kg (88 lbs)
(e.g., with the device and hinged arm).
– When a monitor holder is fitted to Evita XL
and a counter weight is mounted under the
EvitaMobil trolley base plate or a breathing
air compressor is mounted, the console of
the EvitaMobil trolley may be loaded with
up to 50 kg (110 lbs) (e.g., with the device,
patient monitor, and hinged arm).
– Do not fix more than one breathing gas
humidifier on the humidifier holder
(optional).
High risk for the ventilator to tip over and to
injure the patient.
008
z Place device on the console and lock it in place,
you should hear the snap of the latching device.
The device must be firmly fixed on both sides of
the trolley.
z Depending on the number of cylinder holders
fitted, a maximum of 4 compressed gas
cylinders can be placed on the holders and
secured with Velcro straps.
z Attach the breathing gas humidifier to the
humidifier holder (optional). Observe the
breathing gas humidifier’s Instructions for Use.

Preparation
Positioning the Control Panel
CAUTION Mounting the control panel to a wall rail

Do not place control panel upright or lean against
any objects, do not lay it on its front. Physical
damage to the control panel is likely. When
changing the control panel, lay it on its back.
Mounting the control panel to the device A

z Hang control panel into its mounts on Evita XL
until it clicks into position.
010
1 Press segments (A) on the right and left, and tilt
control panel fully downwards.
B
009
Tilting the control panel:

z Press segments (A) on the right and left and, at
the same time, tilt control panel to the desired
position.
011
2 Hold down release buttons (B) on the left and

right and lift control panel from its mounts on
Evita XL.
3 Uncoil the cable as far as necessary.
4 Mount the control panel to the wall rail.

Preparation
NOTE
The control panel rail clamps are designed for use
with 25 mm x 10 mm wall rails.
012
5 To lock the control panel in place, pull down the
latch (located beneath the bracket (C)) and turn
it in the direction of the wall rail.
Preparation of Evita XL for Ventilation
Installing the expiratory valve Mounting the flow sensor
A
014
1 Push connector socket (A) all the way to the left.
B
013
1 Press down the segments on the right and left

and tilt the control panel (A) upwards.
2 Push expiratory valve (B) into the mount until it
clicks into position. Check that it is properly
engaged by gently pulling on the port. B
015
2 Place flow sensor (B) into its mount – with the

connector facing towards the device – and push
into the socket, as far as it will go.
3 Push flow sensor to the right and into the rubber
lip seal of the expiratory valve, as far as it will
go.

Preparation
Flow sensor flap (thermal cover) The flap swivels downwards.
The flap helps to prevent the formation of

condensation in the flow sensor when using an Installing an O2 sensor capsule
active breathing gas humidifier and when heated
expiratory hoses are connected. – When using the system for the first time
– When the display reads O2 measurement out
Inserting the flow sensor flap of range !!!
– When calibration can no longer be performed
1 Ensure device is placed in standby mode or is
switched off completely.
2 Press down the segments on the right and left
and tilt the control panel upwards.
A
A
D C
016
z Slightly press together the spring-loaded arms

A
of the flap (A) at the side and push into the B
mount on the device.
018
NOTE
3 Turn inspiratory port (A) to the left.
The flow sensor flap can be removed for transport
purposes. 4 Use coin to loosen screw and remove protective
cover (B).
NOTE 5 Loosen the two knurled screws and remove lid
The flow sensor and the expiratory valve can only from the sensor housing (C).
be inserted or removed when the flap is open.
Keep the flap closed during ventilation. 6 Remove old sensor capsule (D) and insert new
sensor capsule.
Opening the flow sensor flap NOTE

The sensor end with the circular tracks must be
visible.
7 Close the sensor housing (C) securely with the

two knurled screws.
8 Screw protective cover (B) back in place.
CAUTION
To prevent accidental blockage of air intake,
protective cover must always be in place for
017
z Pull the flap forwards. operation.

Preparation
9 Dispose of the used O2 sensor capsule, see A breathing resistance in the patient connection
"Disposal of O2 sensor" on page 208. cannot be monitored directly by the ventilator. For
this reason:
WARNING
z Determine inspiratory and expiratory breathing
Treatment of batteries and O2 sensor resistance in the breathing circuit before
capsules: ventilation in standby mode by means of the
Do not throw in fire. Risk of explosion! airtight check (see page 73).
Do not open using force. Risk of corrosion!
Danger of bodily injury. z Check the condition of the patient and the
Follow all local, state, and federal regulations device’s measured values for volume and
with respect to environmental protection resistance frequently.
when disposing of batteries and O2 sensor z Observe the Instructions for Use for the HMEs,
capsules. filters and coaxial hose systems in use.
WARNING
Safety information on using HMEs, Do not use an HME together with a medication
bacterial filters, and breathing circuits nebulizer or breathing gas humidifier. This
can lead to a greater breathing resistance.
The use of additional components in the breathing
system can significantly increase inspiratory and WARNING
expiratory breathing resistance and exceed
Dräger cannot warrant or endorse the safe
standard requirements. Examples: Inspiratory or
performance of heat/moisture exchangers.
expiratory filters, HME (heat and moisture
The user must verify that the heat/moisture
exchanger), coaxial hoses.
exchanger is covered by a technical safety
Evita XL is designed to minimize the patient’s work certificate which guarantees complete
of breathing. Operation does not require inspiratory suitability for the intended use.
or expiratory bacterial filters.
WARNING
WARNING
The flow resistance of bacteria filters placed in
The use of bacterial filters and HMEs therefore
the expiratory side may be substantially
requires particular care and monitoring by the
increased by nebulized aerosols with the risk
user. Especially during medication
of impaired ventilation. If an expiratory filter is
nebulization and humidifying, the resistance
used during nebulization, airway pressures
of an expiratory filter may increase gradually.
and flow should be monitored for any
indication of increased expiratory resistance
A higher breathing resistance leads to increased
due to filter obstruction.
work of breathing and greater trigger effort during
assisted ventilation. Under unfavorable conditions,
this can lead to an undesirable intrinsic PEEP. This
can be recognized by the fact that the expiratory
flow does not return to zero at the end of expiration.
If the PEEP is unacceptably high, this is indicated
by an alarm. The measured PEEP is then
approx. 8 mbar (8 cmH2O) above the set PEEP.
Check and replace the bacterial filter and HME if
they are the cause of the PEEP alarm.

Preparation
Connecting a breathing gas humidifier Breathing gas humidifier "Fisher & Paykel MR
850"
z Set Evita XL to breathing gas humidifier, see For ventilating adults, children, and neonates
"Entering the Humidification Type" on page 69.
1 Prepare "Fisher & Paykel MR 850" humidifier in
WARNING accordance with its Instructions for Use.
Do not use a heat and moisture exchanger
simultaneously with a breathing gas D
humidifier as there may be a risk of increased
breathing resistance due to condensation.
WARNING Evita XL
Do not place any container with liquids

(e.g., infusion bottle) above or on top of
Evita XL. Any liquid getting into the device
could prevent Evita XL from working properly A
or damage it and endanger the patient.
117
WARNING 2 Attach breathing gas humidifier (A) to mount
Dräger cannot warrant or endorse the safe under the device with rail clamp and tighten
performance of third party humidifiers that are screws.
not described in this Instructions for Use with After changing the breathing gas humidifier:
the Evita XL ventilator.
Specifically, the user must assess the risks of z Perform an airtight check, see "Performing the
delivery of breathing gas not maintained at a Airtight Check" on page 73.
proper temperature associated with different
humidifier designs. We strongly recommend
using the electronic temperature monitoring
feature of the ventilator if no proximal airway
temperature monitoring is performed by the
humidifier used.
Increased pneumatic resistance in the
inspiratory line caused by a humidifier may
result in less accurate airway pressure
readings.
We recommend contacting the manufacturers
or distributors of third party humidifier
devices about compliance of their products
with the requested performance
characteristics.

Preparation
Connecting breathing circuit 3 Turn inspiratory port (C) to the right and install a
bacteria filter to the port.
WARNING For the following descriptions it is assumed that the
Do not use antistatic or conductive breathing breathing circuit has been attached on the left-hand
hoses. The use of such materials increases side.
the risk of an electric shock for the patient and
the risk of fire breaking out in oxygen- Breathing circuit for adults and children
enriched atmospheres.
Adult patient category
IEC 60601-2-12 Appendix AA and EN 794-1 Upward from 100 mL tidal volume VT
Appendix AA: Using antistatic and/or electrically
conductive materials in the breathing system of
lung ventilators is not regarded as a contribution to
higher safety. In fact, using such materials
increases the risk of an electric shock for the
D
patient.
Depending on the position of the device in relation A
to the patient bed, the hinged arm can be mounted
to either side of the device. B Evita XL
0.4m
D
D 1.1m
0.6m B
E 0.6m
202
B Evita XL
1 Attach hinged arm (A) to the rail on the left-hand
side of the ventilator and tighten screws.
C
2 Connect breathing hoses of appropriate lengths
A to the ports (B). Observe the required hose
lengths (indicated in meters).
3 Install water traps (C) in vertical position.
4 Connect Y-piece (D), with the rubber sleeve of
the Y-piece on the inspiratory side.
200
5 Insert the Y-piece in the opening of the hinged

Attachment on left-hand side: arm (E).
1 Turn expiratory port (A) to the left. After changing the breathing circuit:
2 Attach angled circuit connector (B) of breathing z Perform an airtight check, see "Performing the
gas humidifier pointing into the direction desired Airtight Check" on page 73.
to the left.

Preparation
Breathing circuit for infants and neonates Installing a temperature sensor

Patient categories Ped. and Neo.
WARNING
Up to 300 mL tidal volume VT
We strongly recommend using the electronic
temperature monitoring feature of the
ventilator if no proximal airway temperature
monitoring is performed by the humidifier
used.
D
F A
B
Evita XL
0.4m
1.1m
022
0.6m
0.6m
1 Push sensor (A) as far as it will go into the
rubber sleeve on the inspiratory side of the
G Y-piece. Align Y-piece so that the sensor is at
the top, in order to avoid condensation in the
024
sensor.
1 Attach hinged arm (F) to the rail on the left-hand
side of the ventilator with rail clamp and tighten 2 Attach sensor cable with hose clips (B).
screws.
2 Connect breathing hoses of appropriate
lengths. Observe the required hose lengths
(indicated in meters). C
3 Install water trap (G) in vertical position.
After changing the breathing circuit:
z Perform an airtight check, see "Performing the
Airtight Check" on page 73. 023
3 Insert plug of the temperature sensor into the

Temp socket (C) on the back panel of the
device.

Preparation
Installing a neonatal flow sensor
Patient categories Neo. and, if applicable, Ped.

z Prepare breathing circuit, see "Breathing circuit
for infants and neonates" on page 57.
D
z Only the neonatal flow sensor (8411130) should
be used.
WARNING
Do not use the Y-piece with integrated flow
sensor (8410185), as this flow sensor operates
with a different characteristic curve and would
give inaccurate flow measurements.
101
5 Plug the flow sensor connector into the socket
(D) on the back panel of the device and tighten
A with the knurled screws.
B
100
1 Plug the Y-piece (A) into the breathing hoses.

2 Insert the neonatal flow sensor (B) in the
Y-piece.
F
3 Connect the plug (C) of the flow sensor cable to
the flow sensor.
E
4 Route the cable along the breathing hoses to
the device.
102
6 Connect the test lung (E) complete with tracheal

tube CH 12 (F) and connector to the patient
side of the neonatal flow sensor.

Preparation
Replacing the insert of the neonatal flow sensor Installing a CO2 cuvette and CO2 sensor
If Evita XL displays the message NeoFlow
measurement error !!! or NeoFlow Only available with the CapnoPlus option.
measurement error !, the insert of the neonatal Observe "Information on cuvettes used"
flow sensor must be replaced. on page 143.
G J
H I A
025
099
1 Attach cuvette (A) to the patient connection of

1 Disconnect the plug of the flow sensor cable (G) the Y-piece, with the cuvette windows facing to
from the neonatal flow sensor. the side.
2 Press the buttons (H) on both sides while 2 Push CO2 sensor (B) onto the cuvette, with the
pulling the flow sensor insert (J) out of its cable towards the device.
housing.
3 Insert new flow sensor insert (J) until it
engages. The two markings (I) must line up.
4 Reconnect the plug of the flow sensor cable C
(G).
5 Calibrate the neonatal flow sensor, see
page 141.
026
3 Insert plug of the CO2 sensor into the CO2

(C) socket on the back panel of the device.

Preparation
Connecting to the power supply Behavior of Evita XL in the event of temporary

interruption of power supply
The mains voltage must correspond to the voltage e.g., when hospital backup power supply is
range indicated on the rating plate. activated.
Either: 220 V to 240 V
Without the optional DC power pack:
or: 100 V to 127 V
During the interruption of the power supply,
z Insert plug into the mains power socket. Evita XL will emit a continuous audible alarm for at
least 2 minutes (power failure alarm). If Evita XL
WARNING has been operating for less than 15 minutes, this
To maintain grounding integrity, connect only time might be shorter.
to a "hospital grade" receptacle. Always Evita XL tolerates power interruptions of less than
disconnect supply before servicing. 10 milliseconds – without affecting ventilation in
any way. If power is interrupted for longer than
For operation with DC power pack and external 10 milliseconds the device will restart, performing a
battery (DC power pack option): brief self test of approximately 8 seconds.
z Connect optional external battery with cable. Ventilation is then continued with the current
settings. The current settings are permanently
WARNING saved.
Observe chapter "Mains Power Supply / DC
NOTE
Power Supply" on page 111. Otherwise the
readiness for operation of the DC power pack If the lower alarm limit for minute volume has been
is not ensured. set, the MV low !!! alarm will be active until the
measured value has again exceeded the lower
alarm threshold.
Precautions when using a power strip for
auxiliary equipment: With the optional DC power pack:
WARNING z See "Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply"

on page 111.
Connecting other devices to the same
extension power strip may cause the leakage WARNING
current to the patient to increase beyond
Connect other devices, e.g., a printer or a
permissible values in the event of grounding
computer, to the interfaces only while Evita XL
conductor failure. In this case, the risk of
is properly grounded via its power cable and a
electric shock cannot be safely excluded.
grounded wall outlet or via the grounding pin
on the back panel of the device. Otherwise, the
risk of electric shock cannot be safely
excluded.

Preparation
Connecting to the gas supply Gas supply via compressed gas cylinders
WARNING
Central gas supply
In the case of gas supply via compressed gas
cylinders (Air and/or O2) with pressure
reducers, the technical data for the gas supply
shall be observed. See chapter Technical
Data, "Operating Data" on page 222.
WARNING
In accordance with EN 794-1 and IEC 60601-2-
12, pressure reducers according to EN 738
and ISO 10524 shall be used if a ventilator is
supplied with medical gases from an O2 or
Air O2 compressed air gas cylinder. The pressure
reducers have to limit the gas pressure to
max. 10 bar (145 psi) in the case of a fault.
B Using incorrect pressure reducers will
A
endanger the patient.
027
1 Screw on the compressed air hose (A) to the Air Changing from wall outlet to gas cylinder
inlet connector and the O2 compressed gas If an uninterrupted change of the gas supply is
hose (B) to the O2 inlet connector on the back required:
panel of Evita XL.
z First disconnect and reconnect one gas type,
2 Connect the plugs to the central gas supply wall then disconnect and reconnect the second gas
outlets. type.
WARNING If only one gas type (O2 or Air) is available:

The compressed gases must be dry and free z Connect only the available gas type at the back
from dust and oil. Gas pressure must be 3 to panel of Evita XL.
6 bar (43 to 87 psi). Otherwise, the correct
The inspiratory O2 concentration is equivalent to
functioning of the device is not assured.
the O2 concentration of the gas type connected (O2
Observe "Operating Data" on page 222.
or Air).
WARNING WARNING
Connect the compressed gas hoses correctly When operating with only one gas type (O2 or
at the back panel of Evita XL. Connect Air) the inspiratory O2 concentration cannot
compressed air hose only to compressed air be changed. The O2 concentration is
(Air) inlet and O2 compressed gas hose only equivalent to the O2 concentration of the gas
to oxygen (O2) inlet. Otherwise inspiratory type connected. If only Air is connected, the
flow delivery and flow measurement will not inspiratory O2 concentration is 21 Vol.% O2. If
be accurate. only O2 is connected, the inspiratory O2
concentration is 100 Vol.% O2.
When supplying air-gas via a breathing air
compressor, observe the Instructions for Use of the
breathing air compressor.

Preparation
Connecting Evita Remote
Only available with the Remote Pad option. E Neb. key – for starting and stopping
medication nebulization
WARNING
F O2 ↑ Suction key – for pre-/postoxygenation
Installation and activation of the Evita Remote when performing bronchial suctioning
kit should only be performed by
DrägerService or properly trained service G Insp. hold key – for starting and holding
personnel. manual insufflation
H Exp. hold key – for extending and holding an
For remote control of the device via the Remote
expiration
Pad for parallel, remote operation of the following
LED and key functions: The function of the indicator lights and keys is
equivalent to those of the respective control
elements on the Evita XL front panel and is
described in the relevant chapters of these
A Instructions for Use.
B
C Connecting Evita Remote
D
E
F
G I
H
028
029
A Red indicator light – for signaling high-priority

(Warning) alarm messages 1 Insert connector of the remote control pad cable
into the socket (I) on the back panel of
B Yellow indicator light – for signaling medium-
Evita XL. The connector may be plugged or
priority (Caution) and low-priority (Note) alarm
unplugged at any time without affecting
messages
ventilator function.
C or * key – for silencing the audible alarm
2 Attach Remote Pad holder to a wall rail and
for approx. 2 minutes
tighten.
D Alarm Reset key – for acknowledging high-
priority alarm messages
* Depending on the Remote Pad used.

Preparation
Observe automatic check at power-up

– When connecting the remote control pad to an
operating device
– When switching device on with the remote
control pad connected.
z Do not press any keys on the remote control
pad.
All lights in the Remote Pad will light up for
5 seconds:
– Red indicator light
– Yellow indicator light
– Yellow indicators in the keys
Evita XL now checks the remote control pad. In
case of a fault, an alarm message will be displayed,
030
see "Alarm – Cause – Remedy" on page 170.

3 Insert Remote Pad into its holder from the top.
Connecting Nurse Call
Only available with the NurseCall option. WARNING

With the nurse call, high-priority (Warning) alarm Installation of the nurse call kit should only be
messages are transmitted to a central hospital performed by DrägerService or properly
alarm system. trained service personnel.
WARNING z For details of the characteristics, refer to the

Connection of the nurse call does not obviate technical data, page 225.
the need to regularly check the monitoring on
the device screen. Check on-screen displays Connecting nurse call to the central alarm
regularly. system
z Only trained service personnel may perform the
WARNING
installation of the round 6-pin DIN female
A fault in any of the components in the link
connector to the line of the central hospital
between nurse call and the central hospital
alarm system.
alarm system (e.g., in the electronics for nurse
call in the device, in the device’s power The hospital connections to the central alarm
supply, or in the enunciator of the central system typically use only one channel. The
hospital alarm system) may result in failure of ventilator electronics for the nurse call
the nurse call. consequently also use only one channel.

Preparation
Connecting nurse call to Evita XL Information on nurse call
WARNING WARNING
Connect nurse call to a central hospital alarm The operator of the ventilator must still
system only while Evita XL is properly assume full responsibility for ventilation
grounded via its power cable and a grounded monitoring via the Evita XL screen when the
mains power socket or via the grounding pin nurse call is connected. Only high-priority
on the back panel of the device. Otherwise, the alarm messages (!!!) will activate the nurse
risk of electric shock cannot be safely call. Check screen displays frequently.
excluded.
High-priority (Warning) alarm messages are
The nurse call is activated by closing contacts 3-5 transmitted to a central hospital alarm system.
whenever an alarm is displayed by Evita XL. Medium-priority (Caution) and low-priority (Note)
alarm messages are not transmitted. See also
"Alarm priorities" on page 124.
1 5
The nurse call is also activated when the original
3 enunciator in the device is faulty.
If, in the case of an alarm, the Audio paused 2
min.* key is pressed, the audible alarm on the
device and the nurse call are suppressed for
2 minutes.
A
If in the case of the alarm Standby activated !!! the
Audio paused 2 min.* key is pressed, the
nurse call is suppressed for 2 minutes. The audible
alarm on Evita XL continues to sound.
032
1 Connect plug to the socket marked (A) on

the back panel of Evita XL and secure with
screws.
2 Check correct operation of connected nurse call
system.
WARNING
A fault in any of the components in the link
between nurse call and central hospital alarm
system (e.g., in the electronics for nurse call
in Evita XL, in the Evita XL power supply, or in
the enunciator of the central hospital alarm
system) may result in failure of the nurse call.
* Depending on the device, the key may also be called

Alarm Silence

Preparation
Transportation within the hospital / Moving Evita XL with the trolley
WARNING NOTE
To prevent the ventilator from tipping over, it When using the cylinder holder option, pay
must not be tilted more than 5°! Otherwise, attention to the protruding hose hooks.
high risk of the ventilator tipping over. Risk of
damage to the device or personal injury! In order to assure stability against tipping over,
optimize position of accessories:
WARNING z Adjust hinged arm to minimum reach.
In order to support tilt stability during z Close drawers.
transportation within the hospital, position the
control panel on the front of Evita XL, see z Keep hoses and cables as close to the trolley as
page 51. Otherwise, high risk of the ventilator possible.
tipping over. Risk of damage to the device or z Attach breathing gas humidifier to the trolley,
personal injury! not to the device.
To move Evita XL mounted on the trolley:
WARNING
Do not place the device on a patient’s bed z Release all trolley brakes.
during transportation within the hospital. The z If nessesary, turn the castors against the
device could fall or tip over. Risk of damage to direction of motion.
the device or personal injury!
z Grip the handle of the trolley and move.
WARNING
CAUTION
Do not move the trolley any faster than normal
Lock all the castors and check correct operation
walking pace. There is a higher risk of it
of the brakes when parking the trolley.
tipping over at thresholds, on uneven floors,
and on ramps. Reduce speed. Risk of damage
to the device or personal injury!
WARNING
The maximum total load for the trolley is
100 kg (220 lbs). Otherwise there is a higher
risk of it tipping over.
CAUTION
Position compressed gas cylinders with pressure
reducers in such a way that the pressure reducers
may not be damaged during transport. The base
plate of the trolley serves as impact protection. If
the compressed air cylinders are too big,
particular care must be taken.


Starting Up
Starting Up
Switching on Evita XL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Entering the Humidification Type . . . . . . . . . 69
Checking Readiness for Operation. . . . . . . . 70

Performing the Device Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Performing the Airtight Check. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Testing the DC power pack option . . . . . . . . . . 74
Selecting Tube or Mask (NIV) Application

Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Starting Up
Switching on Evita XL
WARNING
If condensation is visible on the device, do
not switch on Evita XL. Operation with
condensation can cause malfunction.
Wait until the device has reached ambient
temperature and the condensation has dried
off. The waiting time is approx. 1 hour per
10 °C (18 °F) temperature rise.
Switching on Evita XL
507
The Selftest is performed automatically. The
progress bar indicates the elapsed time of the
Selftest.
2 Wait for this test to be completed.
Evita XL then displays the “Start” screen.
035
1 Press power switch (A) until it engages.

The protective cover pivots down over the power
switch to protect against inadvertent switching off.
To switch off, pivot protective cover upwards and
press power switch in fully.
The Selftest screen with version no., date, and part
508
no. of the software used is now displayed.

Evita XL will start ventilation with the pre-
configured settings unless values are changed or
standby mode is activated within 30 seconds.
Activating standby mode

3 Touch Standby button within 30 seconds and
press rotary knob to confirm.
The alarm message Standby activated !!! is
displayed in the header bar.

Starting Up
To acknowledge this message: WARNING

4 Touch Alarm Reset button to the right of the Ventilation does not take place in standby
message and press rotary knob to confirm. mode! Only switch device to standby mode
when there is no patient connected to the
Evita XL is in standby mode.
device. Otherwise, the patient may be at risk!
Entering the Humidification Type
Selecting the type of breathing gas humidification is The yellow LED in front of the symbol for the
only possible in standby mode. selected type of humidification lights up in the
status field.
Prerequisite: The Start / Standby dialog window
must be open. After changing the type of humidification:
1 Touch the Humidifier tab (A). 4 Perform Airtight Check (D), see page 73.
B C
A
D
513
Evita XL offers the following selections:
Active Humid. (B)= Active breathing gas

humidifier
HME/ Filter (C) = Heat and Moisture

Exchanger
2 Touch button corresponding to the type of

humidification used. The button turns yellow.
3 Press rotary knob to confirm. The button turns
green.
Evita XL will take into account the selected type of
humidification in its calculation of circuit
compliance.

Starting Up
Checking Readiness for Operation
WARNING WARNING
Prior to each use of the device on the patient, If there are changes to the breathing circuit,
check readiness for operation of Evita XL in type of humidification, or patient category
order to confirm correct functioning of the after performing the readiness for operation
device. If a malfunction is detected during the check, the Airtight Check must be repeated
check, do not operate the device! Danger to before using the device.
the patient! If the Airtight Check is not performed, this
may lead to the following deviations:
The readiness for operation check consists of the – In the case of volume-controlled
Device Check, the Airtight Check, and the test of ventilation, the applied minute volume for
the DC power pack option. the Ped. patient category may be reduced
The following test steps are performed: by 10 %, as compliance of the breathing
circuit is not correctly taken into account.
During the Device Check: For the Adult patient category, the
– Check for completeness of ventilator assembly deviation is less.
– Test of the back-up alarm (power failure alarm) – When ventilating with the NeoFlow option,
– Test of the expiratory valve the set PEEP may not be achieved because
– Test of the Air/O2 switchover valve the resistance of the breathing circuit
– Test of the safety valve cannot be correctly taken into account.
– Calibration of the flow sensor Without nebulization, the deviation may
– Calibration of the NeoFlow sensor (optional) amount to up to 1 mbar (1 cmH2O). With
– Calibration of the O2 sensor nebulization using a pneumatic
– Zero calibration of the CO2 sensor (optional) medication nebulizer, the deviation may
During the Airtight Check amount to up to 2 mbar (2 cmH2O).
– Leakage test of the breathing circuit – Leakages in the breathing circuit are not
– Determination of breathing circuit compliance detected.
and resistance
During the test of the DC power pack option:
– Changeover test to battery operation
The test results obtained from the Device Check
and the calibration and zero-calibration values of
the sensors remain stored until the next calibration,
even if the device is switched off in the meantime.

Starting Up
Preparing the adult test lung Preparing the pediatric test lung (part no.
8409742)
For testing the adult breathing circuit, the adult test
lung "blue" (part no. 8403201), or the adult test lung for use with the pediatric and neonatal breathing
"white" (part no. 8401892) can be used. circuit
NOTE The test lung consists of a tracheal tube CH 12 to

simulate airway resistance and a small bellows to
The adult test lung "blue" (part no. 8403201)
simulate compliance.
consists of a mask elbow for the Y-piece
connector, a catheter connector ∅ 7 to simulate
airway resistance and a 2 L breathing bag to
simulate compliance.
CAUTION
Do not use overstretched or leaky breathing bags,
or test lungs with excessively low compliance.
These may generate artifacts during the Device
Check.
034
033
z Only connect adult test lung with the patient z Only insert connector in the Y-piece when
connection of the Y-piece when instructed to do instructed to do so by Evita XL.
so by Evita XL.

Starting Up
Performing the Device Check Starting the Device Check

z Touch the Check button (E).
The Device Check can only be performed in
standby mode.
Evita XL performs the following test steps:
must be open. System
– Fit and passability of expiratory valve
z Touch the Check tab (A). – Fit of flow sensor
– Fit of neonatal flow sensor (optional)
– Type of humidification
– Completeness of breathing circuit
– Fit of temperature sensor
B C Function
– Test of the Air/O2 switchover valve
A – Test of the safety valve
– Gas supply
– Test of the back-up alarm (power failure alarm)
Sensors
– Calibration of the flow sensor
509
– Calibration of the neonatal flow sensor

Evita XL displays the date and result (B) of the last (optional)
Device Check and Airtight Check. – Calibration of the O2 sensor
z Touch the Device Check tab (C). – Zero calibration of the CO2 sensor (optional,
see "Performing CO2 zero calibration"
on page 145)
– Position of the CO2 sensor (optional)
E
Device Check procedure
Evita XL guides the user through each test step in
D a question-and-answer dialog format. Questions
are displayed in the information field in the header
bar and must be answered by touching the Yes or
No buttons. The instructions for performing the test
steps are displayed.
510
Evita XL indicates a correct result with a checkmark

Evita XL displays a list of the individual checks (D).
( ). Faulty results are marked with F. Two dashes
The scope of this list depends on the options
(- -) appear if a test step is not performed.
available on the ventilator.
In the event of faulty results F:
No Device Check is possible while the ventilator is
performing an automatic calibration of the flow 1 Eliminate the cause of the problem.
sensor or O2 sensor.
2 Touch the Repeat button.
z In this case, wait until calibration is complete
Test steps may be skipped by touching the Next
and restart Device Check.
test button if this is acceptable.

Starting Up
Test results Prerequisite: The Start / Standby dialog window

must be open.
The test results obtained from the Device Check
and the calibration and zero-calibration values of z Touch the Check tab (A).
the sensors remain stored until the next calibration,
z Touch the Airtight Check tab (B).
even if the device is switched off in the meantime.
After the Device Check

z Perform an Airtight Check, see page 73. C
z Test readiness for operation of DC power pack
option, see page 74. D B A
Performing the Airtight Check
The Airtight Check must be performed after the
511
following actions:
– Device Check
– Change of the breathing circuit Starting the Airtight Check
– Change of breathing gas humidification z Touch the Check button (C).
WARNING
If the Airtight Check is not performed, this Evita XL calculates the following values (D)
may lead to the following deviations: – Leakage
– In the case of volume-controlled – Compliance
ventilation, the applied minute volume for – Inspiratory resistance
the Ped. patient category may be reduced – Expiratory resistance
by 10 %, as compliance of the breathing The current leakage flow is displayed continuously
circuit is not correctly taken into account. throughout the Airtight Check. A leakage flow of
For the Adult patient category, the max. 300 mL/min at a pressure of 60 mbar
deviation is less. (60 cmH2O) is acceptable.
– When ventilating with the NeoFlow option, Evita XL uses the calculated breathing circuit
the set PEEP may not be achieved because compliance to automatically correct volume-
the resistance of the breathing circuit controlled breaths, as well as values measured as
cannot be correctly taken into account. part of flow monitoring, see "Flow measurement"
Without nebulization, the deviation may on page 261.
amount to up to 1 mbar (1 cmH2O). With
nebulization using a pneumatic NOTE
medication nebulizer, the deviation may When changing the patient category or type of
amount to up to 2 mbar (2 cmH2O). humidification, the device automatically resets the
– Leakages in the breathing circuit are not values for circuit compliance and resistance to the
detected. default values.
The Airtight Check can only be performed in

standby mode.

Starting Up
Testing the DC power pack option
For information on the DC power pack option, see

chapter "Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply"
on page 111.
Changeover test to battery operation

z Pull out the power plug.
If the DC power pack option is available, Evita XL
switches over to internal or external battery mode
and does not interrupt operation.
If the DC power pack option is not available, the
audible power failure alarm is triggered.
z Plug in the power plug again.
The device switches to mains operation. See
"Behavior of Evita XL in the event of temporary
interruption of power supply" on page 60.
After successful checking of readiness for
operation, Evita XL is ready for use.

Starting Up
Selecting Tube or Mask (NIV) Application Mode
The Mask (NIV) application mode is only available

with the NIV option.
The application mode can only be changed in
standby mode.
must be open.
B C
A
514
1 Touch the Tube / Mask tab (A).

2 Touch the Tube (B) or Mask (NIV) button
(C). The button turns yellow.
z Press rotary knob to confirm. The button turns
green.
The selected application mode is now active.
If the Mask (NIV) application mode has been
selected,
Mask Ventilation is displayed in the header bar.
See chapter "NIV – Non-Invasive Ventilation"
on page 91.


Operation
Operation
Selecting the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Admitting a new patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Occlusion pressure P0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Using the settings of the previous patient. . . . . 79 Intrinsic PEEP – PEEPi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Negative Inspiratory Force NIF . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Starting Ventilation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Low Flow PV-Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Setting Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Starting measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Opening ventilation settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Terminating inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Changing the ventilation mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Quick abortion of the measurement . . . . . . . . 105
Setting the ventilation parameters . . . . . . . . . . 82 Performing a new measurement . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Basic settings for ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Measurement analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Additional settings for ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . 86
O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
ILV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Safety information for O2 Therapy. . . . . . . . . . 107
Preparing ILV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Preparing for O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Setting the master and slave devices. . . . . . . . 89 Switching on O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Switching off O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
NIV – Non-Invasive Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Safety information for the use of NIV . . . . . . . . 91 Standby Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Selecting NIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Selecting standby mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Setting ventilation for NIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Resuming ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Starting ventilation with NIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Leakage compensation during NIV . . . . . . . . . 92 Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply . . 111
Monitoring during NIV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Components and definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Selecting Tube application mode . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Use of the power sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Operating time with battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Medication nebulization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Charging batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Safety information for medication Charging times of the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
nebulization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Charge indication and charging state of the
Pneumatic medication nebulizer 8412935 . . . . 94 batteries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Active nebulizer "Aeroneb Pro" MP01010 . . . . 98 Battery maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Connecting an external battery . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Pre- and Postoxygenation for Bronchial Installing external battery in trolley . . . . . . . . . 114
Suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Power supply displays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Before suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Operation with mains power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
During suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Operation with internal battery . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
After suctioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Operation with external battery . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Canceling oxygenation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Evita Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Manual Inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Selecting MEDIBUS protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Expiratory Hold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Selecting LUST protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Selecting printer protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Operation
Analog interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Operation
Selecting the Patient
After switching on Evita XL, the user can select of the dialog window (F). The other ventilation
between: parameters displayed in the lower part of the dialog
window are start-up values.
– Admitting a new patient
– Using the settings of the previous patient
Using the settings of the previous
patient
Admitting a new patient
Specific patient settings in effect before Evita XL
For a new patient, Evita XL determines the start-up was switched off may be restored, including alarm
settings for the ventilation parameters on the basis limits, application mode, and ventilator status.
of the ideal body weight (factory setting) or on the Monitoring is always active after the ventilator has
basis of the patient category. The settings can be been switched on.
configured, see page 164. Only when a new patient
is admitted, can the body weight or the patient Prerequisite: The Start / Standby dialog window
category be changed. must be open. Evita XL must be in standby mode.

must be open. Evita XL must be in standby mode. A
E
B C D
515
F z Touch Previous Patient tab (A) and press
rotary knob to confirm.
508
1 Touch New Patient tab (A). The previous ventilation settings are again
effective.
Depending on the patient category:
Evita XL will not display the Previous Patient tab
2 Touch Adult (B), Ped. (C), or Neo. (D) or will not allow it to be selected following a loss of
button. data or removal of a previously used option,
3 Touch Ideal Body Weight button (E). therefore preventing previous settings from being
restored in this case. Similarly, Evita XL prevents
4 Turn rotary knob to enter the ideal body weight restoring previous settings if the configuration was
[kg], press rotary knob to confirm. changed before switching off the ventilator so that
Evita XL determines the tidal volume VT and the previous patient category is no longer available.
respiratory rate f on the basis of the ideal body
weight and displays these values in the lower part

Operation
Starting Ventilation
Before using on the patient

z Check readiness for operation, see page 70.
z Check therapy settings:
– For alarm limits, see page 127
– For ventilation modes and ventilation
parameters, see page 81
In the Start / Standby dialog window:
A
508
z Touch Start button (A) and press rotary knob to

confirm.

Operation
Setting Ventilation
Opening ventilation settings Other ventilation modes (optional) can be selected

via the more tab (E):
The Ventilator Settings dialog window can be – MMV
opened as follows: – PCV+ Assist
– APRV
z Press Ventilator Settings key.
The ventilation modes can also be supplemented
or with the additional settings, see "Additional settings
z Touch a therapy control in the therapy bar. for ventilation" on page 86.
Evita XL opens the Ventilator Settings dialog
window.
Changing the ventilation mode
Prerequisite: The Basic settings page must be

A E open in the Ventilator Settings dialog window.
B 1 Touch the relevant tab, e.g., SIMV (A). The tab
C D turns yellow.
516
A
The page of the active ventilation mode (A) with the
Basic settings (B) appears by default. The
corresponding therapy controls (C) are displayed.
The selected therapy control is yellow and can be
set. With the Add. settings tab (D), the active
606
ventilation mode can be extended by additional
parameters. 2 If necessary, set the ventilation parameters, see
page 82.
To select the ventilation modes for start-up, see
"Selecting start-up setting of the ventilation modes" 3 Confirm the ventilation mode by pressing the
on page 163. rotary knob. The color of the tab changes to
dark green.
The following ventilation modes are factory-
configured: The ventilation mode is active. The settings are
– SIMV effective for the patient.
– CMV
– PCV+ (BIPAP*)
– CPAP/ PSupp
* Trademark Used Under License

Operation
Setting the ventilation parameters
Prerequisite: The Basic settings page must be

open in the Ventilator Settings dialog window.
B
503
1 Touch the relevant therapy control, e.g., (A).

2 Turn the rotary knob to set the value.
3 Press rotary knob to confirm.
Additional ventilation parameters derived from the
ventilation parameter are calculated by Evita XL
and displayed in the setting assistance field (B).
When the limit set for the parameter has been

Operation
Basic settings for ventilation
For further information on the ventilation modes,

see "Ventilation Modes" on page 240.
Ventilation Ventilation Dependencies, additional information

mode parameters
CMV VT
Flow only available if AutoFlow is switched off
f
Slope if AutoFlow is switched on
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
Pmax if Pmax is configured and AutoFlow is switched off
SIMV, VT
SIMV/PSupp. Flow only available if AutoFlow is switched off
f if f = 0, the ventilation mode is CPAP/ PSupp
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
ΔPSupp is set relative to the PEEP level
Slope
MMV, VT
MMV/PSupp. Flow only available if AutoFlow is switched off
f
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
Slope

Operation

mode parameters
PCV+, Pinsp is set as an absolute value
PCV+/PSupp. f if f = 0, the ventilation mode is CPAP/ PSupp
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
Slope
PCV+ Assist Pinsp is set as an absolute value
f
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
Slope
APRV Thigh
Tlow
Phigh
Plow
O2
Slope
CPAP/ PSupp O2
PEEP
ΔPSupp
Timax only available in the NIV application mode or in the Neo. patient
category
Slope
ILVMaster VT
Flow
f
Tinsp
O2
PEEP
Pmax if Pmax is configured

Operation

mode parameters
ILVSlave VT
Flow
f The f setting only takes effect if the devices are inadvertently
separated. In order to ensure that the two lung compartments are
not ventilated at different respiratory rates in this case, set f on the
ILVSlave device to the same value as on the ILVMaster device.
Tinsp In slave mode Asynchron, is always effective. In slave modes
Synch. and Inverse, only takes effect if the devices are
inadvertently separated.
O2
PEEP
Pmax if Pmax is configured

Operation
Additional settings for ventilation
The ventilation modes can be combined with

additional settings to optimize ventilation.
Ventilation Additional settings

mode ATC Apnea Flowtrigger AutoFlow Sigh PLV
(optional) ventilation
CMV X X X X X
SIMV X X X X X
MMV X X X X
ILVMaster X X X X
ILVSlave X X X
PCV+ X X X
PCV+ Assist X X
APRV X X
CPAP/ PSupp X X X
Setting additional functions

Prerequisite: The Ventilator Settings dialog
window must be open.
1 Touch Add. settings tab (A). D E
C
529
3 Touch therapy control (C).
B
4 Set the value using the rotary knob and confirm.
A
To switch on an additional setting:
528
5 Touch (D) button and press rotary knob to

The additional settings of the active or selected confirm.
ventilation mode are displayed.
To switch off an additional setting:
2 Touch the tab for the relevant additional setting,
z Touch (E) button and press rotary knob to
e.g., (B).
confirm.
The page for setting the associated parameter is
displayed.

Operation
Ventilation parameters of the additional

settings
For further information, see "Additional Settings"
on page 254.
Additional setting Ventilation Dependencies, additional information

parameters
ATC Tube (endotracheal
or tracheostomy
tube)
ID ∅
Comp.
Apnea ventilation f Patient category: Adult and Ped.
VT To terminate Apnea ventilation:
z Touch Alarm Reset button and press rotary knob to
confirm.
Apnea ventilation f Patient category: Neo.
ΔPApnea To terminate Apnea ventilation:
z Touch Alarm Reset button and press rotary knob to
confirm.
Trigger / Trigg. [L/min] The flow trigger can only be switched off in CMV
Termination ventilation mode.
AutoFlow Always active in Neo. patient category.
WARNING
Set the alarm limit for VTi carefully in order to
prevent, for example, overdistension of the lungs in
case of rapid changes of compliance.
Sigh Δint.PEEP [mbar]
PLV Pmax
Slave Mode... Synch. Only activate ILV mode when all the parameters for
Asynchron ILVMaster and ILVSlave are set.
Inverse

Operation
ILV
ILV = Independent Lung Ventilation

Synchronized, independent ventilation of the two
lung sides with two Evita ventilators that are
connected via analog interfaces.
The two devices are operated in master/slave
mode. The master device controls the ventilation.
For independent lung ventilation of patients with no
spontaneous breathing.
Volume-controlled ventilation with fixed, mandatory
minute volume MV, set with tidal volume VT and
respiratory rate f of the master device. Activation
takes place in the Ventilator Settings dialog
window on the Add. settings: Slave Mode....
Preparing ILV
If a protective cover is fitted:

Pull protective cover from ILV port.
The following device combinations are possible:
– Evita XL with Evita XL
– Evita XL with Evita 4 / Evita 4 edition
– Evita XL with Evita 2 dura
Requirement for combinations:
Connecting cable part no. 8411794 must be used to
connect the devices.
CAUTION
041
Connect ILV connecting cable only while z Connect the ILV ports of the two devices using
ventilator is switched off. connecting cable 8411794.

Operation
Setting the master and slave devices
To perform independent lung ventilation:

1 Prepare one device for ILVMaster ventilation
mode.
2 Prepare the other device for ILVSlave ventilation
mode.
3 To set ventilation parameters, see "Basic
settings for ventilation" on page 83.
4 Slave Mode... activation, see "Setting
additional functions" on page 86.
NOTE
Activate Slave Mode... only after all parameters
for ILVMaster and ILVSlave have been set.

Operation
Master and slave synchronization

PAW
A Master device:
I : E ratio A
t
Tinsp Te
B Slave device: Synch. PAW
The I : E ratio of the slave device is determined B

by the I : E ratio of the master device. The start
of inspiration is synchronized with the
inspiration of the master device.
t
Tinsp Te
PAW
C Slave device: Asynchron
C
The start of inspiration is synchronized with the
inspiration of the master device. The end of
inspiration (incl. pause time) is determined by
the Tinsp setting. The I : E ratio of the slave
device is freely selectable. t
Tinsp Te
PAW
D Slave device: Inverse
D
The start of inspiration is synchronized with the
start of expiration of the master device and vice
versa. The I : E ratio of the slave device is the
inverse of the I : E ratio of the master device.
t
Te Tinsp
044

Operation
NIV – Non-Invasive Ventilation
If the option NIV is available, it is possible to select WARNING

between the ventilation of an intubated patient
After changing from Mask Ventilation
(Tube application mode) and non-invasive
application mode to Tube application mode,
ventilation ( Mask Ventilation application
always check and adjust alarm limits and
mode).
ventilation settings if necessary to ensure that
In the Mask Ventilation application mode, ventilation is monitored comprehensively.
patients with spontaneous breathing are supported
with non-invasive ventilation therapies via a nasal WARNING
or facial mask.
Avoid high airway pressures. Risk of
In the Mask Ventilation application mode, all aspiration.
ventilation modes except ILV can be selected.
WARNING
When Evita XL is supplied via a breathing air
Safety information for the use of NIV compressor, flow is limited to 30 L/min. In the
case of large leakages, this may lead to the Air
WARNING supply down !!! alarm.
In Mask Ventilation application mode, the If an O2 gas supply is connected, Evita XL will
alarm system is adapted to mask ventilation. switch to this supply until the compressor has
Make sure that only patients are ventilated in regained the required supply pressure. This
this mode who can breathe sufficiently on may lead to an increased FiO2 concentration.
their own, especially when alarms have been
manually disabled. If an insufficient O2 gas supply is connected,
ventilation will be interrupted until the
compressor has regained the required supply
WARNING
pressure. During this interruption, the patient
Never ventilate an intubated patient in Mask can breathe spontaneously via the emergency
Ventilation application mode. Otherwise, the breathing facility.
ventilation and monitoring functions are
restricted. Restore a sufficient compressed air supply
immediately.
WARNING
When masks are used, dead space increases. CAUTION
Always follow the mask manufacturer’s Automatic tube compensation (ATC) activated in
instructions! Tube application mode will not be in effect in
Mask Ventilation application mode.
WARNING
Apnea cannot always be detected reliably.
External SpO2 monitoring must be used.

Operation
Selecting NIV Evita XL limits the maximum duration of a PSupp.

breath in the
The application mode can only be changed in – Adult patient category to 4 seconds
standby mode. See "Selecting standby mode"
on page 109. – Ped. patient category to 1.5 seconds
Prerequisite: The Start / Standby dialog window – Neo. patient category to 1.5 seconds
must be open. z Set and confirm Timax (A) with rotary knob.
1 Touch Tube / Mask tab (A).
Starting ventilation with NIV

B A must be open.
A
536
2 Touch Mask (NIV) button (B).

Evita XL displays the application mode in the
508
header bar:
Mask Ventilation z Touch Start button (A) and press rotary knob to
confirm.
Setting ventilation for NIV

Leakage compensation during NIV
Set ventilation mode and ventilation parameters,
see "Setting Ventilation" on page 81. The measured values MV and VTe are not
corrected for leakage and therefore read below
In ventilation mode CPAP/ PSupp and other
minute and tidal volumes actually delivered to the
ventilation modes combined with PSupp., a further
patient in case of leakages.
therapy control appears: Timax (A)
Evita XL compensates leakages
– Adult patient category, up to 30 L/min
– Ped. patient category, up to 15 L/min
A
– Neo. patient category, up to 7 L/min
It is recommended to use pressure-controlled
ventilation in the presence of large leakages.
537

Operation
Monitoring during NIV – Leakage !
In order to avoid nuisance alarms and to assure

proper monitoring, the following settings are Selecting Tube application mode
required:
The application mode can only be changed in
z Adjust upper and lower alarm limits for MV to
standby mode. See "Selecting standby mode"
the current value.
on page 109.
z Use additional monitoring, e.g., external SpO2,
In the Start / Standby dialog window:
if necessary.
1 Touch Tube / Mask tab (A).
The following alarm limits may be deactivated in
order to avoid artifacts:
– MV , lower alarm limit for minute volume
– VTi , upper alarm limit for inspiratory tidal
volume
B A
– TApnea , upper alarm limit for apnea
monitoring
See "Setting Alarm Limits" on page 127.
WARNING
Only switch off alarms if the safety of the
536
patient will not be compromised by the 2 Touch Tube button (B).
absence of an alarm.
The operator of the ventilator system must 3 Press rotary knob to confirm.
still assume full responsibility for proper Evita XL is in Tube application mode.
ventilation and patient safety in all situations.
The configured default alarm limits are effective
If the lower alarm limit for minute volume or the again.
upper alarm limit for apnea monitoring is switched
off, Evita XL displays a permanent message in the WARNING
header bar. After changing from Mask Ventilation
application mode to Tube application mode,
If the upper alarm limit for inspiratory tidal volume is
always check and adjust alarm limits and
switched off, Evita XL displays a message in the
ventilation settings if necessary to ensure that
header bar for 15 seconds.
ventilation is monitored comprehensively.
A time lag Tdeconnect between 0 and 60 seconds
can be set for the alarm limit PAW (airway
pressure low).
The following alarm messages are not displayed by
Evita XL in Mask Ventilation application mode:
– PSV > 4 s !!!
– PSV > 1.5 s !
– PSV > Ti max !

Operation
Medication nebulization
Safety information for medication Depending on the O2 concentration set, Evita XL

nebulization supplies the nebulizer with air, O2, or a mixture of
air and O2. Deviations from the set O2
concentration are thus minimized.
WARNING
Never nebulize flammable medications! Fire NOTE
hazard from hot wire anemometer in the flow In extreme cases (with a minimum inspiratory flow
sensor! of 15 L/min), the deviations can be up to ±4 Vol.%.
See diagram "Insp. O2 concentration during
WARNING medication nebulization" on page 270. In order to
Consider effects of aerosols on sensors, the avoid greater deviations, Evita XL switches off the
expiratory valve, bacteria filters, and heat and nebulizer at inspiratory flows of less than 15 L/min.
moisture exchanger (HME)!
The measuring function of the flow sensor Using the pneumatic medication nebulizer in
may be impaired. the Pediatric patient category (without neonatal
Aerosol residues can impair the function of flow sensor)
the expiratory valve. Depending on the
applied medication aerosol, the expiratory Medication nebulization is possible in pressure-
valve may have to be replaced after the controlled ventilation modes. In volume-controlled
nebulization. The expiratory valve is warmed ventilation modes, nebulization is only possible
by a heater. This can increase the build-up of while using AutoFlow.
aerosol residue. In contrast to nebulization in the Adult patient
Do not place a bacterial filter or HME on the category, aerosol is delivered continuously in the
nebulizer outlet or on the Y-piece during Pediatric patient category. Aerosol generated
nebulization! Risk of increased breathing during expiration does not, however, reach the
resistance! lungs.
Depending on the O2 concentration set, Evita XL
supplies the nebulizer with air, O2, or a mixture of
Pneumatic medication nebulizer air and O2. Deviations from the set O2
8412935 concentration are thus minimized. For respiratory
rates above 12 bpm, see the diagram "Insp. O2
concentration during medication nebulization"
Using the pneumatic medication nebulizer in
on page 270. The maximum deviation from the set
the Adult patient category
O2 concentration is ±4 Vol.%.
Medication nebulization is applicable in every
It is recommended not to use the nebulizer while
ventilation mode.
ventilating at respiratory rates below 12 bpm.
Evita XL applies medication aerosols synchronized
with inspiratory flow while maintaining a constant
minute volume.

Operation
WARNING In contrast to nebulization in the Adult patient

category, aerosol is delivered continuously in the
For respiratory rates below 12 bpm,
Pediatric and Neonatal patient categories. Aerosol
deviations from the set O2 concentration may
generated during expiration does not, however,
be significantly higher in extreme cases.
reach the lungs.
These deviations cannot be detected by the
device’s internal O2 concentration monitoring Depending on the O2 concentration set, Evita XL
function. supplies the nebulizer with air, O2, or a mixture of
air and O2. Deviations from the set O2
WARNING concentration are thus minimized.
On account of the nebulizer flow tolerances, z Before nebulization, remove the complete
the displayed minute and tidal volumes may neonatal flow sensor from the Y-piece.
be considerably higher or lower than the
minute and tidal volumes actually delivered to WARNING
the patient. Pressure-controlled ventilation is The wires of the neonatal flow sensor are hot.
therefore recommended during nebulization. If the flow sensor is left in the breathing circuit
during nebulization without being cleaned,
Compare the currently measured values for minute medication aerosol deposits may build up and
and tidal volumes with the values measured before impair flow measurement. In the worst case,
nebulization. If values for VT and MV appear to these deposits could catch fire.
have changed significantly, use ventilation Disconnecting the cable from the neonatal
pressure to evaluate ventilation. A comparison of flow sensor is not sufficient to prevent this.
the difference between PEEP and plateau pressure Remove the neonatal flow sensor before
before and during nebulization can be used to medication nebulization.
identify deviations of the VT and MV values. Without the neonatal flow sensor, the minute
In order to avoid nuisance alarms and to assure volume is not monitored and the apnea alarm
proper monitoring the following settings are function is limited! Use additional monitoring.
required:
z Replace or clean the neonatal flow sensor if
z Adjust upper and lower alarm limits for MV to there is visible soiling, see page 191.
the current value.
z Calibrate the neonatal flow sensor at least once
z Use additional monitoring, e.g., external SpO2, every 24 hours, see "Neonatal Flow Sensor
if necessary. Calibration" on page 141.
Using the pneumatic medication nebulizer in Preparing the medication nebulizer

the Neonatal and Pediatric patient categories
(with neonatal flow sensor) WARNING
In the Neo. and Ped. patient categories, Use only pneumatic medication nebulizer
medication nebulization is only possible in volume- 8412935 (with white center section). Other
controlled ventilation modes. pneumatic medication nebulizers may cause
considerable deviations in tidal volume and
In the Ped. patient category, medication inspiratory O2 concentration!
nebulization is also possible in volume-controlled
ventilation modes in conjunction with AutoFlow. z Prepare the medication nebulizer in accordance
with its Instructions for Use.

Operation
Installing medication nebulizer in the breathing

circuit D
F G
For use in the Adult patient category:
058
B 4 Remove corrugated hose of the breathing
circuit (G) from the inspiratory port of the
Y-piece and connect to the catheter connector
C (D).
A 5 Connect the free end of the corrugated hose (F)
to the inspiratory adapter of the Y-piece.
056
1 Connect medication nebulizer (A) to the When using the neonatal flow sensor:
inspiratory side (temperature sensor side) of the
Y-piece.
2 Connect inspiratory hose (B) to the medication
nebulizer.
3 Place the medication nebulizer in a vertical
position.
H
4 Using clamps, route nebulizer hose (C) back to
the device along the inspiratory hose.
I
For use in the Ped. and Neo. patient categories:
105
F E D 1 Remove the entire flow sensor (housing and
insert) (H) from the Y-piece.
2 Insert tube catheter cone (I) into the Y-piece.
CAUTION
Without the neonatal flow sensor, the minute
057
volume is not monitored in the Neonatal patient

1 Insert catheter connector (D) (ISO ∅15 / ∅11)
category!
into the inlet of the medication nebulizer.
2 Insert adapter (E) (ISO ∅22/ ∅11) into the outlet
of the medication nebulizer.
3 Connect corrugated hose (F) (length 0.13 m
(5.1 inches)) to the nebulizer outlet port.

Operation
When using on an incubator Connecting the nebulizer hose
103
Evita XL
z Push the outlet connector of the medication

nebulizer into the upper hose guide of the
B
incubator.
When using without incubator A
059
1 Connect the nebulizer hose (A) to the nebulizer
port (B).
2 Fill the medication nebulizer in accordance with
its Instructions for Use.
Switching on medication nebulization

In the Neo. patient category:
104
z Switch off NeoFlow monitoring, see page 152.

1 Press the medication nebulizer sleeve into one 1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main
side of the clip and the expiratory hose into the menu bar.
other.
2 Place the medication nebulizer in a vertical
position. C
D E
557
The Additional Function page (C) appears by

default.
2 In the Nebulizer line (D), touch the button
(E) and press rotary knob to confirm.
Evita XL starts medication nebulization.

Operation
An message appears in the header bar of the Before nebulization

screen, informing the user that nebulization is
When using the neonatal flow sensor:
active.
Medication nebulization is only possible in
pressure-controlled ventilation modes.
Switching off medication nebulization
1 Switch off NeoFlow monitoring, see page 152.
z Touch the button (E) in the Nebulizer line
(D). 2 Before nebulization, remove the complete
neonatal flow sensor from the Y-piece.
Evita XL automatically switches off the medication
nebulizer after 30 minutes.
WARNING
The wires of the neonatal flow sensor are hot.
After medication nebulization If the flow sensor is left in the breathing circuit
z Remove remaining medication. Follow the during nebulization without being cleaned,
Instructions for Use of the medication nebulizer. medication aerosol deposits may build up and
impair flow measurement. In the worst case,
In the Adult and Ped. patient categories, the these deposits could catch fire.
flow sensor is automatically cleaned and calibrated. Disconnecting the cable from the neonatal
A message appears in the header bar. flow sensor is not sufficient to prevent this.
In the Neo. patient category: Remove the neonatal flow sensor before
medication nebulization.
1 Re-insert the neonatal flow sensor in the Without the neonatal flow sensor, the minute
Y-piece. volume is not monitored and the apnea alarm
2 Switch on NeoFlow monitoring, see page 152. function is limited! Use additional monitoring.
After nebulization
Active nebulizer "Aeroneb Pro"
If a filter is used in order to protect the flow sensor
MP01010 or the expiratory valve:
z Follow the Instructions for Use of the 1 Replace or remove the filter after medication
"Aeroneb Pro" nebulizer. nebulization.
z Observe the information on the use of filters, 2 Recalibrate the flow sensor, see "Flow Sensor
see "Safety information on using HMEs, Calibration" on page 139. Aerosols distort flow
bacterial filters, and breathing circuits" measurement!
on page 54. When using the neonatal flow sensor:
z Observe "Safety information for medication 1 Re-insert the neonatal flow sensor in the
nebulization" on page 94. Y-piece.
z Do not switch on the Nebulizer function on 2 Switch on NeoFlow monitoring, see page 152.
Evita XL. Because the pneumatic nebulizer flow
not used during medication nebulization is
taken into account in the volume delivery, the
tidal volume delivered by Evita XL would be too
low.

Operation
Pre- and Postoxygenation for Bronchial Suctioning
To avoid hypoxia during bronchial suctioning, Before suctioning

Evita XL offers programmed elevation of
oxygenation before and after the removal of 1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main
secretions. menu bar.
In the Adult patient category, the O2
concentration is increased to 100 Vol.%. In the
A
Ped. and Neo. patient categories, the O2
concentration is increased by 25 % (Example:
60 Vol.% set, applied: 75 Vol.%). B
When the oxygenation procedure is started,
Evita XL begins with preoxygenation, ventilating
557
with the increased O2 concentration in the set
The Additional Function page (A) appears by
ventilation mode for 180 seconds.
default.
When disconnection for suctioning occurs, Evita XL
2 Touch O2↑ suction button (B).
interrupts ventilation. During the time required for
suctioning, audible alarms associated with the 3 Press rotary knob to confirm.
disconnection are silenced.
The oxygenation procedure is started.
After suctioning and automatic detection of
Evita XL ventilates the patient in the set ventilation
reconnection, Evita XL ventilates with the
mode with the appropriately increased O2
appropriately increased O2 concentration for
concentration.
120 seconds as postoxygenation.
If PEEP is not set to more than 4 mbar (4 cmH2O),
During suctioning and for 2 minutes afterwards, the
PEEP will be applied automatically at 4 mbar
lower alarm limit for minute volume is switched off.
(4 cmH2O). This PEEP allows Evita XL to detect
Other alarms are switched off during suctioning and
the subsequent disconnection. The other
for 15 seconds afterwards.
ventilation parameters remain unaffected.
NOTE The preoxygenation phase with the remaining time
Pre- and postoxygenation is only possible with in seconds is displayed continuously in the header
a fully functioning flow sensor and while flow bar.
monitoring is switched on.
Preoxygenation lasts for a maximum of
180 seconds. During this time, Evita XL waits for
the disconnection necessary for suctioning. If no
disconnection is detected within 180 seconds,
Evita XL terminates the oxygenation procedure.

Operation
During suctioning
After disconnection for suctioning, Evita XL delivers

a very small flow for the duration of suctioning in
order to automatically detect the end of the
disconnection phase. The remaining time available
for suctioning is displayed in seconds in the header
bar. If suctioning is completed and the patient
reconnected within the time available, Evita XL will
end the disconnection phase.
Automatic termination of oxygenation

procedure
If there is still no reconnection after 120 seconds,
the oxygenation procedure is terminated. All alarms
are immediately reactivated. Evita XL immediately
continues ventilating in the set ventilation mode.
After suctioning
After reconnection, Evita XL resumes ventilation in

the set ventilation mode. For postoxygenation, the
O2 concentration is increased for the first
120 seconds.
The postoxygenation phase with the remaining
time in seconds is displayed in the header bar.
Canceling oxygenation
z Touch O2↑ suction button.

Operation
Manual Inspiration
Manual inspiration may be activated in all 1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main
ventilation modes, except in CPAP. menu bar.
Regardless of the start time, a mandatory breath
can be extended for up to 40 seconds. A
Or: B
Between two mandatory breaths, a mechanical
breath may be started manually and held for max.
40 seconds.
558
The pattern of the manually started breath The Additional Function page (A) appears by
corresponds to the ventilation pattern of the default.
currently active ventilation mode.
2 Touch and hold the Insp. Hold button (B) for
In CPAP/ PSupp a pressure-supported breath the desired inspiratory time.
(defined by the ΔPSupp setting) is triggered.
Evita XL will end inspiration after max. 40 seconds.
Expiratory Hold
Manual expiration may be activated in all ventilation Further information

modes. Used for determining the measured NIF
To display NIF, see "Negative Inspiratory Force
value for weaning.
NIF" on page 103.
1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main
For a detailed description, see "Negative
menu bar.
Inspiratory Force NIF" on page 268.
B
559
The Additional Function page (A) appears by

default.
2 Touch and hold the Exp. Hold button (B) for the
desired expiratory time.
Evita XL will end the expiration after max.
15 seconds.

Operation
Diagnostics
Occlusion pressure P0.1 Evita XL displays the P0.1 values from previous
measurements (C). The value of the last
Only available with the XL Monitoring Plus option. measurement is shown in larger characters in the
left column.
Occlusion pressure P0.1 characterizes the
negative pressure during a short occlusion 3 Touch Start button (D).
(0.1 seconds) at the start of spontaneous 4 Press rotary knob to confirm.
inspiration.
Evita XL starts the P0.1 measurement.
Occlusion pressure P0.1 is a direct measure of a
patient’s neuromuscular breathing drive.
Setting the interval
Evita XL displays the value for the measured
pressure difference without a negative sign. 1 Touch Interval button (E).
For patients with healthy lungs and regular 2 Set the value using the rotary knob and confirm.
breathing P0.1 is 3 to 4 mbar (3 to 4 cmH2O). The time remaining until the next measurement is
A high P0.1 signifies a high breathing drive, which displayed.
can only be maintained for a brief period. Values It is advisable to record the measured P0.1 value as
over 6 mbar (6 cmH2O) for a patient with chronic a trend, so that the progress made can be
obstructive pulmonary disease indicate impending monitored, see "Displaying 1 hr trends"
exhaustion. on page 133.
This measuring procedure can be used in all
ventilation modes at regular intervals in order to Aborting measurement
check the breathing drive of a spontaneously
breathing patient, or to assess the amount of z Touch Start button (D).
spontaneous breathing during controlled
ventilation.
Intrinsic PEEP – PEEPi
Starting measurement
Only available with the XL Monitoring Plus option.
Intrinsic PEEP is the actual end-expiratory
menu bar.
pressure in the lungs.
2 Touch Diagnostics tab (A).
Due to the dynamics of lung mechanics
(resistance, compliance, and closing volume) and
A the set ventilation parameters, Intrinsic PEEP
differs from PEEP in the upper airways.
D B
C This measuring procedure also measures the
E trapped volume resulting from this difference in
PEEP values, i.e., the amount of air trapped in the
lungs and therefore not taking part in the process of
560
The P0.1 page (B) appears by default. gas exchange.

Operation
This special measuring procedure can be Negative Inspiratory Force NIF

performed in all ventilation modes.
Only available with the XL Monitoring Plus option.
WARNING
The Negative Inspiratory Force (NIF) measures a
Patient activity during this procedure can
patient’s maximum inspiratory effort after prior
distort the measured values.
expiration. The breathing system is closed during
measurement of NIF. The NIF value is also known
Starting measurement as the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP). As a
result of the inhalation effort during a manually
extended expiration, the patient generates a
menu bar.
negative pressure in relation to PEEP. The higher
2 Touch Diagnostics tab (A). this negative pressure, the greater the likelihood of
extubating a patient successfully. For patients with
a NIF exceeding –30 mbar (–30 cmH2O),
A extubation is likely to be successful, while
D extubation for those with a NIF of only –20 mbar
C (–20 cmH2O) or less will most likely prove
B
unsuccessful.
Evita XL determines the NIF value during a
562
manually extended expiration.

3 Touch PEEPi tab (B).
Evita XL displays the PEEPi values from the Starting measurement
previous measurements (C). The value of the last
measurement is shown in larger characters in the 1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main
left column. The measured values are shown menu bar.
together with the set PEEP. 2 Touch Diagnostics tab (A).
4 Touch Start button (D).
5 Press rotary knob to confirm. A
Evita XL starts the PEEPi measurement. D
C
Further information
B 563
For a detailed description of Intrinsic PEEP, see

page 268. 3 Touch NIF tab (B).
Evita XL displays the NIF values from previous
Aborting measurement measurements (C). The value of the last
measurement is shown in larger characters in the
z Touch Start button (D).
left column.
z Touch and hold the Exp. Hold button (D) for the
desired expiratory time.
Evita XL will end the expiration after max.
15 seconds.

Operation
Further information
For a detailed description of NIF, see page 268.
References [17], [18], see page 282.
Low Flow PV-Loop
Only available with the LPP option. Observe the following information (B) before
carrying out the measurement!
Evita XL determines the Low Flow PV-Loop during
an extended inspiration or an inspiration and
WARNING
expiration.
The application of a low flow maneuver may
This measuring procedure can only be performed decrease the patient's systemic circulatory
in the Adult patient category. pressure and could cause a pneumothorax.
The measuring procedure should only be carried Carefully assess the patient's condition for
out on patients with no spontaneous breathing. settings.
– Applied pressure / volume must be
1 Touch Special Procedure ... button in the main adequate for the patient.
menu bar. – The patient must be hemodynamically
2 Touch Low Flow PV-Loop tab (A). stable.
– Closely monitor arterial blood pressure
during the maneuver.
A – The sudden release of high airway
pressure may overload the heart and
impair cardiac function.
B – The calculated maximum maneuver time
must be adequate for the patient.
– These measurements are only valid with
564
NO spontaneous breathing.
– These measurements are only valid with
NO leakage. Volume and derived
compliance values are not leakage
compensated (VTi, VTe, and Cstat).
– This maneuver cannot be restarted within
60 seconds.
– This maneuver cannot be started until
60 seconds after nebulization or
suctioning.

Operation
Starting measurement Terminating inspiration
1 Touch Procedure tab (A).
B C G F
H A
A B
D E
566
565
During the inspiration and expiration
2 Touch the buttons for Pstart (B), Plimit (C), Flow measurement
(D), and Vlimit (E).
z Touch Stop Insp button (A).
3 Set and confirm values with the rotary knob.
Evita XL ends inspiration, expiration takes place at
Pstart can be set at a value between 0 and PEEP. the set flow.
Plimit and Vlimit are limited by the alarm limits.
z Adjust the alarm limits if necessary, see During the inspiration only measurement
page 127. z Touch Stop Insp button (A).
The maximum duration of the measuring procedure Evita XL ends inspiration, expiration takes place at
Tmax [sec] (F) is displayed. a pressure drop of max. 5 mbar/s (5 cmH2O/s).
Recording inspiration and expiration

Quick abortion of the measurement
1 Touch Start Insp + Exp button (G).
2 Press rotary knob to confirm. 1 Touch Abort button (B).
Recording inspiration only
Evita XL ends the measurement, the pressure
1 Touch Start Insp only button (H). immediately drops to the set PEEP.
2 Press rotary knob to confirm. A measurement being performed is not interrupted
by calling up another dialog window.
To return to the Procedure page:
menu bar.
2 Terminate measurement with the Stop Insp (A)
or Abort (B) buttons.

Operation
Performing a new measurement
A new measurement can only be started after

60 seconds. During this time, the buttons needed
for starting a measurement are gray and cannot be
activated.
Measurement analysis
After the measurement, Evita XL opens the

Analysis screen (A).
B C
A
567
To display a point on the waveform

1 Touch Cursor 1 (B) or Cursor 2 (C) button.
2 Turn the rotary knob to position the cross-hair
cursor over the required point.
The measured values are displayed.
The light grey line connecting the two measuring
points on the inspiratory or expiratory section of the
waveform represents the static compliance. The
values for the inspiratory and expiratory static
compliance (Cstat), which are calculated from this,
are displayed.
The measured values are not leakage-corrected.
Further information
See "Low Flow PV-Loop" on page 269.

Operation
O2 Therapy
Safety information for O2 Therapy Preparing Evita XL with Fisher & Paykel MR 850
breathing gas humidifier
During O2 Therapy, only the O2 concentration FiO2
is monitored.
WARNING
Airway pressure and expiration-dependent D
ventilation parameters such as flow, minute
volume, or apnea are not monitored.
Use external SpO2 monitoring for patients
who are dependent on an increased defined B Evita XL
O2 concentration. Otherwise, a deterioration

in the patient’s condition cannot be A C
0.4m
recognized. B 1.1m
WARNING C
Only use oxygen masks for O2 Therapy. Do
not use masks for non-invasive ventilation
067
(NIV). The patient may be at risk if unsuitable
masks are used. 1 Position the hinged arm (A) on the rail and
tighten the screws.
2 Attach the breathing hoses for inspiration (B).
Preparing for O2 Therapy Observe the required hose lengths (indicated in
meters).
Connecting breathing hoses 3 The expiratory ports (C) on the device and on
the Y-piece remain open!
WARNING
4 Fit the temperature sensor, see page 57.
Do not use antistatic or conductive breathing
hoses. The use of such materials increases
the risk of an electric shock for the patient and
the risk of fire breaking out in oxygen- Switching on O2 Therapy
enriched atmospheres.
1 Switch on Evita XL, see page 68.
IEC 60601-2-12 Appendix AA and EN 794-1 2 Switch Evita XL to standby mode, see
Appendix AA: Using antistatic and/or electrically page 109.
conductive materials in the breathing system of the
lung ventilators is not regarded as a contribution to 3 Switch on O2 monitoring, see page 152.
higher safety. In fact, using such materials The inspiratory breathing gas temperature has a
increases the risk of an electric shock for the fixed upper alarm limit of 40 °C (104 °F).
patient.
The alarm limits for etCO2, MV, fspn, VTi, PAW,
TApnea are not active.

Operation
4 Touch Oxygen Therapy tab (A).
D E
A
B C 576
Setting O2 and flow for O2 Therapy

1 Touch the appropriate therapy control:
– O2 (B)
– Flow (C)
4 Touch On button (D) and press rotary knob to
confirm.
O2 Therapy is switched on. Evita XL displays a
message in the header bar.
WARNING
The device must only be used under the
supervision of qualified medical staff, so that
help is immediately available if malfunctions
occur or the patient has insufficient
Switching off O2 Therapy
1 Touch Oxygen Therapy tab (A).

2 Touch Off button (E) and press rotary knob to
confirm.
O2 Therapy is switched off.

Operation
Standby Mode
Switch to standby mode for the following actions: 1 Touch Standby button (A).
– To keep Evita XL ready for operation while the 2 Press rotary knob to confirm.
patient is absent
– To switch between ventilation and O2 Therapy B
573
– To change application mode 3 Touch Alarm Reset button (B) in the header
– To change between patient categories bar.
– To perform the Device Check and Airtight 4 Press rotary knob to confirm.
Check. Evita XL is in standby mode.
WARNING On-screen displays:

Ventilation does not take place in standby
mode! Only switch device to standby mode C
when there is no patient connected to the
ventilator. Otherwise, the patient may be at
D
risk!
Selecting standby mode
z Press and hold the Start/Standby key for

3 seconds.
Evita XL is in standby mode.
or
609
z Press Start/Standby key. Standby is displayed in the header bar of the
Evita XL opens the Start / Standby dialog window. screen (C) and on the screen (D).
If the patient category or ideal body weight is
changed in standby mode, Evita XL will determine
new start-up values for ventilation, see "Admitting a
new patient" on page 79.
A
574

Operation
Resuming ventilation
z Check ventilation settings (A).
A
575
1 Touch Start button (B).

The main screen is displayed, Evita XL starts
ventilation.
or
z Press Start/Standby key.
Evita XL starts ventilation.

Operation
Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply
Components and definitions WARNING

The internal battery is intended exclusively for
Mains power supply emergency use and not for normal operation.
After a switch to power from the internal
The device is supplied with mains power via the
battery has occurred, immediately reestablish
mains power line. For voltage ranges and
supply with mains power or from an external
characteristics of the mains power, see Technical
battery.
Data, "Operating Data" on page 222.
External battery for the DC power pack option

DC power supply
With the DC power pack, Evita XL can be supplied
Evita XL contains a DC power pack* with internal
from external rechargeable 12 V or 24 V lead-acid
battery to ensure that operation of the device can
gel batteries. The external battery is connected to
continue for at least 10 minutes, following a power
Evita XL via the DC socket.
failure (provided that the battery is fully charged).
The external batteries are not supplied with the DC
Evita XL may also be powered from an external
power pack.
battery via this DC power pack.
It is advisable to use 24 V lead-acid gel batteries (or
two 12 V lead-acid gel batteries connected in
Internal battery
series). The efficiency of the DC power pack and
The DC power pack consists of two internal 12 V the resulting operating time is considerably higher
lead-acid gel batteries, which ensure that operation than with 12 V batteries of comparable capacity.
of the device can continue for at least 10 minutes The minimum capacity must be maintained, see
(provided that the batteries are fully charged). Technical Data, "DC Power Pack" on page 228.
Observe battery maintenance, see "Battery
The external battery comprises two 12 V lead-acid
maintenance" on page 113.
gel batteries accommodated in the base of the
trolley. Refer to list of accessories for these
CAUTION
batteries and the required connecting cable.
The internal battery of the DC power pack will only
reach its full capacity after a 24 hour charge. Otherwise, commercially available rechargeable
Charge internal battery of Evita XL for at least lead-acid gel batteries can also be used. For the
24 hours. See "Charging batteries" on page 112. requirements to be met by the external batteries,
see also Technical Data "DC Power Pack"
on page 228.
WARNING
Only use rechargeable batteries! Single-use
batteries may explode when being charged
with the DC power pack while the device is
operating on mains power.
* For Evita 4 or Evita 2 dura, equipped with the Evita XL

option, operation is also possible without a DC power
pack.

Operation
DC socket – If sufficient mains power is not available and

there is also insufficient DC power available at
Socket on the back panel of the DC power pack for
the DC socket (e.g., with an external battery
connecting an external battery.
that is discharged or not connected), Evita XL
The socket is identified as follows: will be powered by the internal battery.
DC power pack: 12 V; 24 V; VDC The device can switch back from the internal
battery to the external battery for a short time, if the
WARNING external battery has recovered.
Do not connect any mains-powered devices As soon as possible:
to the DC socket. Otherwise, the correct
functioning of Evita XL may be impaired or z The switched-on device must again be
Evita XL may get damaged. operated with mains power or a fully charged
external battery again.
CAUTION
CAUTION
Only external batteries may be connected to the
While operating with an external battery, the
DC socket (see page 111). The connection may
internal battery is not recharged, but rather trickle
only be made using the connecting cables
charged to prevent further discharge!
specified in the list of accessories.
Use of the power sources Operating time with battery
The operating time with the internal or external

The following possibilities are available for
battery depends on the charging condition and type
supplying power to Evita XL:
of batteries connected, see Technical Data "DC
– Internal battery only, with mains supply Power Pack" on page 228.
– Internal battery and external battery, with and
without mains supply
Charging batteries
Evita XL draws its electric power from one of the
following sources, in the order of priority listed: When mains power is connected and the ventilator
1 Mains supply is switched on, the internal battery is charged first,
followed by the external battery.
2 External battery
3 Internal battery WARNING
Leave the ventilator connected to mains
The switchover between these supplies is power only in well-ventilated areas. In
performed without interrupting operation, according sufficient concentrations, the hydrogen
to the following rules: generated when charging batteries may
– If sufficient mains power is available, the mains otherwise lead to an explosion.
power source is always used.
CAUTION
– If sufficient mains power is not available but
sufficient power is present at the DC socket, Ensure that Evita XL has been switched on. The
Evita XL will be powered by the external battery. standby mode is sufficient. Even if mains power is
An alarm message accompanies the switch to present, but Evita XL is switched off, neither the
external battery power. internal nor the external battery will be charged.

Operation
Charging internal battery The battery capacity actually available at the end of
the charging process depends, among other things,
The internal battery is only recharged when the
on the condition of the battery and the ambient
device is supplied with mains power and it is
temperature. The capacity and condition of the
switched on, see "Switching on Evita XL"
battery cannot be detected by the DC power pack.
on page 68.
The green battery symbol indicates that the battery
CAUTION is fully charged. Even though the green symbol
Evita XL must be switched on and remain lights up, the capacity of old or defective batteries
connected to the mains power for at least may be so small as to permit operation of Evita XL
24 hours so that the internal battery can be fully for no more than a few minutes.
charged. The standby mode is sufficient.
CAUTION
The device switches over to trickle charge when the Sufficient battery capacity is always required. See
battery is fully charged. "Battery maintenance".
Charging external battery

Battery maintenance
The external battery is only charged when the
device is supplied with mains power and it is To ensure maximum battery life:
switched on, see "Switching on Evita XL"
on page 68. The standby mode is sufficient. The z Batteries should always be fully recharged and,
internal battery must be fully charged. if possible, never become totally discharged.
The voltage of the connected external battery (12 V If the DC power pack is not used:
or 24 V) is detected automatically by the DC power 1 Connect Evita XL to mains power after not more
pack. than 1 month and switch it on for at least
2 hours in order to recharge the internal battery.
Charging times of the batteries 2 Then fully recharge any external batteries which
may be connected.
The specified charging times apply when batteries If the battery needs to be left uncharged for more
are recharged immediately after a full discharge. than one month:
The charging time may be significantly longer if the z Have the internal and/or external batteries
batteries have discharged several times in electrically disconnected from the device by
succession without being fully recharged on mains DrägerService or properly trained service
power in the meantime. personnel in order to reduce self-discharge of
The batteries must be fully operational. the batteries.
Before reconnecting internal and external batteries,
check that their capacity is still adequate. The
Charge indication and charging state of batteries may have become totally discharged or
the batteries damaged as a result of prolonged storage.
z Avoid total discharge as this leads to premature
Charging of the internal and external batteries is wear.
interrupted when the charging current drops to a
very low value upon reaching the end of charge.
The battery is considered to be fully charged and
this is indicated by a green battery symbol.

Operation
CAUTION The device will automatically detect the voltage of

the external battery (12 V or 24 V).
Batteries are wear parts. Their capacity must be
checked regularly and the batteries replaced if
necessary.
Installing external battery in trolley
The battery must be installed by properly trained

Connecting an external battery service personnel!
Note the requirements for external batteries, see

page 111.
Power supply displays
1 Connect external battery to the connecting
cable in the battery cable set (8411822). Ensure
that the battery is connected with correct
polarity: black to –, red to +.
A
A
601
Evita XL shows the type of electrical power
supplied in the device status field (A) via symbols
and colored indicators:
Mains power
Ext. External battery
Int. Internal battery
A yellow indicator next to the relevant symbol

+ − shows the source from which the device is being
powered.
086
2 Plug connector into DC socket (A) on the back Green battery symbols indicate fully charged
panel of Evita XL. batteries.
WARNING NOTE
Do not connect any mains-powered devices to Note the important information under "Charge
the DC socket. Otherwise, the correct indication and charging state of the batteries"
functioning of Evita XL may be impaired or on page 113!
Evita XL may get damaged.

Operation
Operation with mains power The indicator next to the symbol for the internal
battery lights up yellow.
Evita XL switches to operation with AC power when The green symbol for the internal battery goes out,
adequate mains power is available. At the same as it is no longer fully charged.
time, Evita XL first charges the internal battery and
then the external battery. When switching over to the internal battery,
Evita XL displays the following medium-priority
The indicator next to the plug symbol lights up alarm message: Int. battery activated !!.
yellow.
Acknowledge alarm message:
If the mains power supply fails, Evita XL will
automatically switch over to the external battery. z Touch Alarm Reset button and press rotary
knob to confirm.
If an external battery is not available in the event of
a mains power failure, Evita XL switches over to the Evita XL continues to display the following low-
internal battery and continues operation for at least priority alarm message: Int. battery activated !.
10 minutes (provided that the internal battery was Depending on configuration, it is possible that,
fully charged). when the device switches over to the internal
z The supply of mains power must be restored battery, the high-priority alarm message Int.
without delay. battery activated !!! appears instead of the
medium-priority alarm message. This alarm
To ensure that the battery is always fully charged: message can also be acknowledged.
1 Connect the device to the mains power supply
and switch it on. To change the configuration so that the high-
priority alarm message is displayed:
WARNING
1 Press System Setup key.
1
Leave the ventilator connected to mains

2
3
power only in well-ventilated areas. In 2 Touch Service tab.

sufficient concentrations, the hydrogen
generated when charging batteries may 3 Enter access code: 94999422
otherwise lead to an explosion. Evita XL displays ok on the screen. The
configuration has been changed. The next time
2 Leave the device in standby mode or start Evita XL switches over to the internal battery, the
ventilation. following alarm message is displayed: Int. battery
activated !!!.
Operation with internal battery

To change the configuration so that the
Evita XL switches without interruption over to medium-priority alarm message is displayed:
operation with the internal battery if the mains 1 Press
1
2
3 System Setup key.
supply fails without an external battery being
connected, or in case of a discharged external 2 Touch Service tab.
battery. 3 Enter access code: 41994141
NOTE Evita XL displays ok on the screen. The
The internal battery is intended for emergency use configuration has been changed. The next time
exclusively and not for normal operation. Evita XL switches over to the internal battery, the
following alarm message is displayed: Int. battery
activated !!.

Operation
After switching over to the internal battery Operation with external battery
The operating time with the internal battery
depends on its charge state. If the battery is fully Only available with the external batteries option for
charged, the operating time is at least 10 minutes. the DC power pack
After an operating time of 8 minutes, Evita XL

displays the following medium-priority alarm Connecting external battery
message: Int. battery only 2 minutes left !!. If the mains power supply fails, Evita XL, without
z The device must be reconnected to mains interrupting operation, switches over to a
power within 2 minutes connected external battery.
or The indicator next to the symbol for the external

battery lights up yellow.
z It must be connected to a fully charged external
battery. The green symbol for the external battery goes out,
as it is no longer fully charged.
After an operating time of 10 minutes, Evita XL
displays the following high-priority alarm message: When switching over to the external battery,
Int. battery discharged !!!. Evita XL displays the following medium-priority
alarm message: Ext. battery activated !!.
z The power supply must be restored
immediately, either with mains power or from a Acknowledge alarm message:
fully charged external battery, otherwise z Touch Alarm Reset button and press rotary
ventilation will be interrupted. knob to confirm.
WARNING Evita XL continues to display the following low-

priority alarm message: Ext. battery activated !.
If the total power supply fails, the ventilation
will be interrupted. Evita XL switches off and Depending on configuration, it is possible that,
the power failure alarm is immediately when the device switches over to the external
activated. The patient is no longer ventilated. battery, the high-priority alarm message Ext.
battery activated !!! appears instead of the
Restore the power supply immediately. After
medium-priority alarm message. This alarm
restoration of the power supply, Evita XL will
message can also be acknowledged.
restart with the previous settings. Check
settings and ventilation function. Ventilation
of the patient can then be continued with To change the configuration so that the high-
Evita XL. priority alarm message is displayed:
If no power supply is available, immediately 1 Press System Setup key.
1
2
3
disconnect the patient from the device and

2 Touch Service tab.
ventilate with an independent ventilating
device (e.g., with manual breathing bag 3 Enter access code: 94999422
MR 100).
Evita XL displays ok on the screen. The
After using power from the internal battery: Evita XL switches over to the external battery, the
following alarm message is displayed: Ext. battery
z Recharge the internal battery and, if available,
activated !!!.
the external battery as soon as possible, see
"Charging batteries" on page 112.

Operation
To change the configuration so that the

medium-priority alarm message is displayed:
1
2
3
2 Touch Service tab.

3 Enter access code: 41994141
Evita XL displays ok on the screen. The
Evita XL switches over to the external battery, the
following alarm message is displayed: Ext. battery
activated !!.
After switching over to the external battery

The operating time with an external battery
depends on its charge state and the type of battery
connected.
If the external battery is discharged, Evita XL
automatically switches over to the internal battery
and generates an alarm.
When mains power is restored, Evita XL
automatically switches back to operation with
mains power.
The internal battery is not recharged while the
device is being powered by an external battery.
After using power from the external battery

z Recharge the internal and external batteries,
see "Charging batteries" on page 112.
WARNING
Do not connect any mains-powered devices
to the DC socket. Otherwise, the correct
functioning of Evita XL may be impaired or
Evita XL may get damaged.

Operation
Evita Link
Only available with the Evita Link option. To protect the patient and the user against electrical
hazards, it is essential that all systems consisting of
In addition to the standard COM 1 RS 232
medical devices as well as other electrical devices
interface, Evita XL has two additional serial RS 232
which are not restricted to computers, printers etc.,
interfaces COM 2 and COM 3, two CAN interfaces
are only assembled by factory-trained and
(without function), and a two-channel analog
authorized service personnel.
interface.
The system must meet the requirements of the
On both serial interfaces, COM 2 and COM 3, the
IEC/EN 60601-1-1 and IEC/EN 60601-1-2
following protocols may be used:
standards.
– LUST protocol*
– MEDIBUS protocol The RS 232 interfaces fulfil the requirements of the
– Printer protocol "EIA Standard RS 232 C" and "CCITT V.24"
standards.
The LUST protocol and printer protocol can each
be used on only one serial interface at a time,
whereas the MEDIBUS protocol can run on both
simultaneously. Preparation
WARNING The interface card may only be installed by properly

trained service personnel.
Connect other devices, e.g., a printer or a
computer, to the interfaces only while Evita XL
is properly grounded via its power cable and a Connecting RS 232 interface
grounded mains power socket or via the
The following connecting cables can be used:
grounding pin on the back panel of the device.
– Optical cable 8416900 for PC
Otherwise, the risk of electric shock cannot be
– MEDIBUS cable 8306488 for PC
safely excluded.
– Printer cable 8306489 for printer only
For output of measured values, status messages, – Monitor cable 5722410 for monitor
and alarm messages to connected equipment for
monitoring, documentation, or further processing.
Both Dräger equipment and that of other
manufacturers may be connected.
WARNING
All transferred data are for information only
and should not be used as a basis for
diagnostic or therapeutic decisions. Danger to
the patient cannot be excluded.
* For a detailed description, see Technical Data, "LUST

Protocol" on page 229.

Operation
Connecting analog interface

with analog cable 8411759
A B
087
1 Insert connector into COM 2 (A) or COM 3 (B)

port on back panel of device.
088
2 Attach other connector to device to be used.
1 Insert connector into the analog port (C) on the
3 Tighten knurled screw to secure connector. back panel of the device.
4 Prepare device to be connected according to its 2 Prepare device to be connected according to its
Instructions for Use, connect and switch on. Instructions for Use, connect and switch on.
Linked devices must operate with the same
protocol and the same transmission format.
Evita XL offers the following interface protocols:
– MEDIBUS (Dräger communication protocol for
medical devices, fast data, e.g., waveforms)
– LUST (list-controlled universal interface driver
program, only for slow data, e.g., measured
values)
– printer

Operation
Selecting MEDIBUS protocol Selecting LUST protocol
For use of a PC with EvitaView software or for To use a monitor without real-time waveforms.
connecting a MEDIBUS-compatible monitor.
For a detailed description of this interface protocol,
For a detailed description of the interface protocol, see Technical Data, "LUST Protocol" on page 229.
see Instructions for Use "MEDIBUS for Evita XL"
The LUST protocol cannot be configured
and "Dräger RS 232 MEDIBUS Protocol Definition"
simultaneously on COM 2 and COM 3.
(9028258).
1
2

1 3
2
3
2 Touch Interface tab (A).

2 Touch Interface tab (A).
E F G H D E F G H
I
B
C B
D C
A A
602
602
To connect COM 2 (B) or COM 3 (C) in the

To connect COM 1 (B), COM 2 (C) or COM 3 (D) in
Protocol column (D):
the Protocol column (E):
3 Touch the relevant button.
4 Select LUST with rotary knob and press to
4 Select Medibus with rotary knob and press to
confirm.
confirm.
5 Set associated parameters Baud rate (E),
5 Set associated parameters Baud rate (F),
Parity (F), Stopbit (G), Interval (H) in the same
Parity (G), Stopbit (H), Interval (I) in the same
manner.
manner.
Selecting printer protocol
z See "Configuring interfaces" on page 161.

In addition to automatically generated printouts at
preselectable time intervals, a printout can be
started manually if the additional Print button has
been configured in the main menu bar. See
"Defining additional buttons in the main menu bar"
on page 158.

Operation
Analog interface
The Evita XL analog interface provides two analog

channels to which signals from measured values
can be freely assigned.
Characteristics and PIN assignment

See Technical Data, "Device Outputs"
on page 226.
External voltages must not be applied here.
Assigning channels
z See "Configuring interfaces" on page 161.
Measured Designation Range/voltage level

value
signal
PAW Airway pressure –10 to 100 mbar (–10 to 100 cmH2O)
0 to 4.095 V
Flow Expiratory and inspiratory flow –196 to 196 L/min
0 to 4.095 V
V Expiratory and inspiratory volume 0 to 2 L
0 to 4.095 V
MV Minute volume 0 to 41 L/min
0 to 4.095 V
f Respiratory rate 0 to 150 bpm
0 to 4.095 V
FiO2 Inspiratory O2 concentration 0 to 100 Vol.%
0 to 4.095 V
R Resistance 0 to 100 mbar/L/s (0 to 100 cmH2O/L/s)
0 to 4.095 V
C Compliance 0 to 250 mL/mbar (0 to 250 mL/cmH2O)
0 to 4.095 V
CO2 Expiratory CO2 concentration 0 to 15 kPa
0 to 4.095 V
etCO2 End-expiratory CO2 concentration 0 to 15 kPa
0 to 4.095 V
NO Inspiratory flow for NOdomo 0 to 125 L/min
0 to 4.095 V


Alarms
Alarms
On-Screen Alarm Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

Alarm priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Displaying Alarm Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Acknowledging alarm message . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Silencing Audible Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Power Failure Alarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Setting Alarm Limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Deactivating alarm limits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Alarms
On-Screen Alarm Messages
In the event of an alarm, the relevant alarm

message appears in the alarm message field (A).
605
Alarm priorities
Evita XL assigns the alarm message its respective

priority. It marks the text with exclamation marks
and differently colored backgrounds. Evita XL
generates the corresponding alarm tone
sequences.
Warning High-priority alarm !!! Red background five-tone sequence which is sounded
message twice and repeated every 7 seconds.
Caution Medium-priority alarm !! Yellow background three-tone sequence which is repeated
message every 20 seconds.
Note Low-priority alarm ! Yellow background two-tone sequence which is sounded
message once

Alarms
Displaying Alarm Information
z Please refer to chapter "Problem Solving" Acknowledging alarm message

on page 169.
or Acknowledging high-priority alarm messages
A A
604
z Touch the Alarm Reset button (A) in the header
bar and confirm using the rotary knob.
Evita XL saves the alarm message, which can be
displayed in the Data dialog window on the
D Logbook page. See page 135.
Acknowledging Apnea ventilation !! alarm

C message
B The medium-priority alarm message (Caution)
Apnea ventilation !! may be obscured by alarm
541
messages of higher priority. The alarm message

1 Touch Alarm Info button (A). may therefore also be acknowledged with the
All currently active alarm messages (B) are Apnea Reset button.
displayed.
2 Using the rotary knob, select the alarm
message (B).
B
3 Touch button (C).
The cause and remedy (D) of the alarm message
are displayed.
542
z Remedy the fault.
1 Touch Alarm Info button.
The alarm tone ceases when the fault has been
remedied. Medium- and low-priority alarm 2 Touch Apnea Reset button (B) and confirm
messages disappear automatically. High-priority using the rotary knob.
alarm messages remain displayed in the color of Evita XL continues to ventilate in the previously set
the header bar and must be acknowledged. ventilation mode.

Alarms
Silencing Audible Alarms
The audible alarm can be silenced for a maximum z Press Audio paused 2 min. (A) or
of 2 minutes. Alarm Silence (A) key.
The yellow LED in the key lights up.
D The audible alarm will be silenced for 2 minutes.
A
B
543
The symbol (B) and the remaining time are
displayed in the header bar.
If the fault that triggered the alarm is not remedied
at the end of the 2 minutes, the audible alarm starts
Evita XL again.
If you wish to reactivate the audible alarm earlier:
z Press Audio paused 2 min. (A) or
Alarm Silence (A) key again.
055
Power Failure Alarm
If the loudspeaker for generating audible alarms

fails due to a fault, a continuous tone will be
generated by an auxiliary alarm.
The same continuous alarm tone also serves as a
power failure alarm, see "Behavior of Evita XL in
the event of temporary interruption of power
supply" on page 60.

Alarms
Setting Alarm Limits
WARNING Alarm limits for the optional measured value etCO2

can be set on the Limits 2 page (E).
Set alarm limits according to the current
patient's therapy requirements. Otherwise, the
patient may be at risk!
Deactivating alarm limits*
z Press Alarm Limits key.
1 Touch lower alarm limit (D).
Evita XL opens the Limits page (A).
2 Reduce value using rotary knob until a
message is displayed in the header bar.
A 3 Press rotary knob to confirm.
4 Continue turning rotary knob until the value is
B E
C replaced by dashes (--) in the display (D).
D 5 Press rotary knob to confirm.
538
The lower alarm limit is deactivated.

The set alarm limits and the current measured
value are displayed.
(B) = Upper alarm limit

(C) = Current measured value
(D) = Lower alarm limit
The values for the upper and lower alarm limit

shown in the buttons are start-up values which are
effective whenever the device is switched on.
These start-up values can be configured to meet
the hospital’s requirements, see "Setting start-up
values for alarm limits" on page 168.
Setting alarm limits

1 Touch the button for the respective alarm limit.
The button will turn yellow.
3 Press rotary knob to confirm. The button turns
green.
The new alarm limit is effective.
* optional in NIV and in the Neonatal patient category


Measured Values, Graphics, and Trends
Displaying Graphics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Selecting real-time waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Freeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Displaying loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Displaying 1 hr trends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Displaying Measured Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134

Displaying all measured values and settings . . 134
Displaying the Logbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Displaying trends (1-24 h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Displaying Graphics
The following real-time waveforms can be Evita XL displays the real-time waveform for this
displayed: parameter. The dialog window is closed
automatically.
– PAW (t)
z To freeze real-time waveforms, see "Freeze"
– Flow (t)
on page 131.
– Volume (t)
– CO2 (t) Displaying real-time waveform combined with
short trend
– a real-time waveform combined with a short
trend or a Recruitment Trend (breath-based Only available with the XL Monitoring Plus option.
trend).
Prerequisite: The Curves page must be open.
1 Touch Curve + Shorttrend tab (D).
Selecting real-time waveforms The respective real-time waveform may be
combined with the short trend for any parameter
1 Touch Main button in the main menu bar. that can be selected.
The selected real-time waveform is displayed and
the button of the associated short-trend parameter
B appears in dark green.
C A
D 2 Touch button of the parameter (E) to be
E displayed as a short trend.
F
544
2 Touch the relevant button (A).

Evita XL opens a dialog window, the Curves page
(B) is selected by default.
Selecting other real-time waveforms

545
1 Touch Curve only tab (C). Evita XL displays the associated parameter as a
short trend of the last 20 minutes on the left, next to
2 Touch button for the parameter (E) to be the real-time waveform (F).
displayed as a real-time waveform.
The other two real-time waveforms are also
automatically combined with a short trend.

If no new parameters have been selected for the Freeze

short trends, Evita XL will display the parameters
previously selected for the short trend. To freeze a current real-time waveform or loop:
Displaying real-time waveform combined with A

Recruitment Trend
B
Only available with the LPP option.
Prerequisite: The Curves page must be open.
1 Touch Curve + RecrTrend tab (G).
I
H
G
547
z Touch Freeze button (A).
The button turns dark green with a red symbol. The
momentary waveforms or loops are recorded and
then stop.
To view a waveform value at a certain point in time
or a pair of values in a loop:
546
The respective real-time waveform can be z Turn the rotary knob to position the cross-hair
combined with the breath-based trend of the cursor (B) on the desired point.
selectable parameters EIP / PEEP, VTe, and C. The measured value or pair of values will be
2 Touch the button of the desired parameter (H) displayed above or beside the waveform or loop,
for the corresponding Recruitment-Trend. respectively.
To view a point on the waveform at a certain Evita XL ends freeze mode automatically:
moment in time: – 3 minutes after touching the button
z Turn the rotary knob to position the cross-hair – 3 minutes after the rotary knob was last turned.
cursor (I) on the required point and the
corresponding measured value is displayed
above the waveform. To view new waveforms/loops:
If the cross-hair cursor is moved out of the z Touch Freeze button again.
displayed segment, the displayed time segment is The current waveforms or loops are once again
automatically shifted. recorded.
– to the right = new time segment
– to the left = old time segment

Displaying loops Selecting the desired parameter combination

If two parameters should be displayed in
To display two measured values which appear as a combination:
loop for each ventilation cycle, such as the PAW-V
loop or the V-Flow loop. z Touch buttons (E) for the desired parameters.
Without the XL Monitoring Plus option, only the Evita XL records all the loops for a ventilation cycle,
PAW-V loop can be displayed. The PAW-V loop is e.g., in SIMV mode the loops of the mandatory
shown enlarged for the waveform in the center. breaths and the loops of any spontaneous breaths.
1 Touch Main button in the main menu bar.
B F
C G
E D A
549
548
To display a single loop:

z Touch Single breath button (F).
is selected by default. Evita XL will redraw every single loop.
3 Touch Loops tab (B).

To display a reference loop:
Evita XL can display the loop in different
configurations: z Touch Ref. button (G) at the desired time to
record a reference loop.
– Two small loops, one on the left and one on the
right The reference loop is drawn in blue and it appears
continuously in the current loop display. The time at
or which the reference loop was recorded appears on
– an enlarged loop on the left. the left beside the Ref. button.
z To freeze loops, see "Freeze" on page 131.
To display small loops: The Ref. button is ineffective when the loop has
z Touch Small tab (C). been frozen using the Freeze button.
To display a large loop:

z Touch Large tab (D).

Displaying 1 hr trends To view a value of a trend at a certain point in

time:
Only available with the XL Monitoring Plus option. z Turn the rotary knob to position the cross-hair
1 Touch Main button in the main menu bar. cursor (D) on the desired point.
The value is displayed at the top in the trend display
B (E).
C A NOTE
The cross-hair cursor cannot be moved if the trend
display has been stopped with the Freeze
button.
550

(B) is selected by default.
3 Touch Trends tab (B).
Selecting parameters for the trend display

4 Touch the button for the desired parameter (C).
Evita XL displays the trend for the selected
parameter over the last one hour.
E
D
551

Displaying Measured Values
Evita XL displays a preconfigured selection of Displaying all measured values and

measured values on the main screen together with settings
the active alarm limits.
The three selections are factory-configured, To facilitate documentation, Evita XL displays all
however they may also be reconfigured to meet the measured values and settings in two tables. In a
hospital’s requirements (only available with the XL third table (only available with XL Configuration
Configuration Plus option), see "Selecting display Plus option), customized measured values and
of measured values" on page 157. settings can be displayed, see "Selecting
customized measured values and settings"
Available selections: on page 158.
1 2 3
– z Touch Data ... button in the main menu bar.
1 2 3
–
1 2 3
– A
To change the display of measured values: B
z Touch
1 2 3
button (A) in the main menu bar. C
D
553
Evita XL opens the Data dialog window, the Values
page (A) is selected by default.
Customized measured values and settings are
displayed on the Custom. Table page (B).
To select Table 1 or Table 2:

552
z Touch Table 1 (C) or Table 2 (D) tab.

Displaying the Logbook With every recorded change in settings, Evita XL

displays the complete list of new settings (C) for the
After the initial start: ventilation mode effective at the time indicated in
the highlighted line (B).
Evita XL records changes, events, and alarms and
lists them in chronological order with the date and To view all the settings for another line entry:
time of occurrence. z Turn the rotary knob to select the desired line
(B).
NOTE
The last 1000 entries are permanently saved.
Preceding entries are automatically deleted.
Changes are displayed with the former and new

settings (example: 5 mbar –> 7 mbar (5 cmH2O –>
7 cmH2O)).
Events include, for instance, use of a nebulizer,
flow calibration, etc.
Alarms are recorded in the form displayed by the
device at the time of occurrence. Other alarms
which are triggered with the displayed alarm, but
are not themselves displayed in the field for alarm
messages, are identified by an asterisk (*)
preceding their entry in the logbook.
To display the logbook:

z Touch Data ... button in the main menu bar.
A
B
C
554
z Touch Logbook tab (A).

When a time is highlighted in the trend display (see
page 136), the line corresponding to that time is
highlighted in the logbook.

Displaying trends (1-24 h) To select the common time scale in increments,

as 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 hr:
z Touch Data ... button in the main menu bar. z Touch the relevant button for the time scale (D).
z Touch Trends tab (A). The button turns green and the selected time scale
is now effective.
A
To view a value of a trend at a certain point in
C time:
z Turn the rotary knob to position the cross-hair
cursor on the desired point in time.
The value is displayed on the left, beside the
button (F).
B
555
Evita XL displays three trends with a common time

scale (B), one below the other.
To select a parameter or parameter

combination for the trend display:
z Touch the relevant button (C).
E
F
D
556
Evita XL opens the selection for the trends (E).

z Touch the button for the desired parameter or
parameter combination.
The trend will be displayed and the dialog window
will be closed.

Monitoring
Monitoring
Information on Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . 138
Flow Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
External Flow Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Neonatal Flow Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . 141
O2 Sensor Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Checking CO2 Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Information on cuvettes used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Information on checking the CO2 sensor . . . . . 143
Information on alarm messages during CO2
monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Performing CO2 zero calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Checking calibration of the CO2 sensor with
test filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
calibration gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Calibrating CO2 sensor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Resetting calibration of CO2 sensor . . . . . . . . . 150
Switching Monitoring Functions Off or

On. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Switching flow monitoring off or on. . . . . . . . . . 151
Switching NeoFlow monitoring off or on . . . . . . 152
Switching O2 monitoring off or on. . . . . . . . . . . 152
Switching CO2 monitoring off or on . . . . . . . . . 153
NeoFlow Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

NeoFlow monitoring in the Neonatal patient
category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
NeoFlow monitoring in the Pediatric patient
category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Monitoring
Information on Sensor Calibration
Evita XL uses the following sensors for measuring The last sensor calibration values obtained are
and monitoring: permanently saved until the sensors are calibrated
– Flow sensor again, even if the ventilator was switched off in the
– Neonatal flow sensor (optional) meantime.
– Pressure sensors
– O2 sensor
– CO2 sensor (optional)
CAUTION
To ensure correct operation of the sensors, they
need to be calibrated regularly. Otherwise device
function may be compromised.
Sensor calibration is performed at the following

intervals:
Sensor Interval
Airway Automatic calibration every
pressure 3 minutes or if deviations are
sensors detected
Flow sensor During device check.
Automatic calibration once a
day or if deviations are
detected.
After replacing the flow
sensor.
Calibration can be performed
at any time, even during
ventilation.
Neonatal flow During device check.
sensor At least once a day.
After replacing the neonatal
flow sensor.
O2 sensor Automatic calibration once a
day.
Calibration can be performed
ventilation. This does not
affect the applied O2
concentration.
CO2 sensor Calibration can be performed
ventilation.

Monitoring
Flow Sensor Calibration
Flow sensor calibration is performed at the The Start button turns pale green when calibration
following intervals: is completed.
– During device check
– Automatically, at least once a day
– After replacing the flow sensor
Evita XL cleans the flow sensor automatically
before it is calibrated.
Evita XL also automatically cleans and calibrates
the flow sensor after medication nebulization.
WARNING
After disinfecting with highly flammable
substances, air the flow sensor for at least
30 minutes or rinse with sterile water.
Otherwise, vapors could ignite during
calibration. Fire hazard!
Starting calibration of the flow sensor

1 Press Sensor Parameter key.
The Flow page (A) appears by default. Flow
monitoring is now switched on.
A
B
568

Evita XL calibrates the flow sensor.
Evita XL uses the next inspiratory phase for
calibration. Short inspiratory times are extended to
approx. 1 second.
A message is displayed in the header bar.

Monitoring
External Flow Compensation
When a constant external flow of up to 12 L/min is Evita XL measures the external flow and displays
supplied (e.g., when using a medication nebulizer the value with date and time.
with external gas supply or when using external
A message is displayed while measurement is in
tracheal gas insufflation TGI), Evita XL is able to
progress.
take this flow into account and to increase the
thresholds for flow sensor monitoring. This helps to Evita XL aborts measurement of the external flow if
avoid the Flow measurement out of range !!! it exceeds 12 L/min or if the flow measurement
alarms during these applications. function is faulty.
Evita XL keeps measuring the expiratory volume. When the external flow has been measured
With external flow compensation activated, the successfully, Evita XL takes it into account
values measured for VTe and MV are higher, but VTi automatically. The On button (B) appears green.
is indicated too low. For volume-controlled
If no external flow is applied:
ventilation, the tidal volume actually delivered to the
patient is higher than the set value. It is therefore z Touch Off button (C).
recommended to use pressure-controlled
z Press the rotary knob to confirm.
ventilation while using an external flow source.
Once Evita XL has calculated the external flow, it
may be taken into account at any time:
proper monitoring:
z Touch On button (B).
z Adjust upper and lower MV alarm limits in line
with the current value. z Press the rotary knob to confirm.
z Use additional monitoring, e.g., external SpO2, If the external flow changes:
if necessary.
z Have Evita XL measure the external flow again.
Touch measure button (A).
Measuring external flow
Prerequisite: The Flow page in the Sensor
Parameter dialog window must be open.
B C
A
568
z Touch measure button (A).

Monitoring
Neonatal Flow Sensor Calibration
Neonatal flow sensor calibration is performed at the

following intervals:
– At least once a day C
– After replacing the neonatal flow sensor
Recalibration is not necessary if the neonatal flow
sensor has been temporarily unplugged.
106
WARNING
Following disinfection with highly flammable 4 Wearing a sterile glove,
substances, air the housing and insert of the
5 seal both ends of the neonatal flow sensor (C).
neonatal flow sensor for at least 30 minutes.
Vapors could otherwise ignite when the flow This ensures that the requirement for calibration
sensor is connected. Fire hazard and danger (flow = 0) is met.
to the patient!
Performing calibration
Starting calibration of the neonatal flow sensor z Press the rotary knob.
1 Press Sensor Parameter key. Evita XL calibrates the neonatal flow sensor.
2 Touch NeoFlow tab (A). Calibration is completed after approx. 1 second.
The Start button turns pale green when calibration
A is completed. A message is displayed in the header
bar.
B
Reinserting neonatal flow sensor after
calibration
1 Remove the tube connector from the Y-piece.
2 Reinsert the neonatal flow sensor in the
Y-piece.
3 Reconnect the tube connector.
603

If calibration was unsuccessful:
Removing neonatal flow sensor z Repeat calibration.
1 Remove the tube connector. If necessary
2 Remove the neonatal flow sensor from the z Replace the neonatal flow sensor.
Y-piece.
z Check the sensor cable.
3 Insert the tube connector in the Y-piece.

Monitoring
O2 Sensor Calibration
O2 sensor calibration is performed at the following

intervals:
– Automatically, at least once a day
– After replacing the O2 sensor (wait 15 minutes
for the O2 sensor to warm up)
– When measured and set values diverge by
more than 2 Vol.%
The O2 sensor may be calibrated during ventilation.
Starting O2 sensor calibration

2 Touch O2 tab (A).
A
B
569

Evita XL calibrates the O2 sensor.
A message is displayed in the header bar.
The Start button (B) turns pale green when
calibration is completed.

Monitoring
Checking CO2 Sensor
Only available with the CapnoPlus option. Check Interval

CO2 zero Automatically, during device
Information on cuvettes used calibration in check
ambient air
Manually at any time
The following cuvettes may be used:
Before measurement and
– Reusable cuvettes
when transferring the
– Disposable cuvettes
CO2 sensor to another
WARNING Evita XL
The cuvette windows of the reusable cuvettes Checking Once a month
and the park bracket have different optical calibration of
properties compared to those of the the CO2
disposable cuvettes. sensor with
test filter
When using reusable cuvettes, zero
calibration must only be performed on the Checking At least every 6 months and if
device-side park bracket or on a clean calibration of the check values are not met
reusable cuvette. the CO2 on checking calibration using
sensor with test filter.
When using disposable cuvettes, zero calibration gas
calibration must only be performed on a new
disposable cuvette. CO2 sensor Factory-calibrated and
calibration suitable for use with any
Otherwise there will be a zero point deviation Evita XL
of up to ±1 Vol.% CO2.
Recalibration of the CO2
sensor is only required if the
specified calibration values
Information on checking the CO2 sensor are not met when testing
calibration with the calibration
The following CO2 sensor checks must be gas.
performed:
Zero calibration in ambient air, checking calibration
Check Interval of the CO2 sensor with test filter or calibration gas
Zero point in Perform a zero calibration if and calibration of the CO2 sensor may all be
ambient air zero is not displayed in performed during ventilation.
ambient air.
Before measurement and
when transferring the
CO2 sensor to another
Evita XL

Monitoring
Information on checking the zero point and zero z Check whether cuvette windows are soiled.
calibration
If windows of the reusable cuvette are soiled:
There must not be any increased CO2
z Clean or replace reusable cuvette.
concentration in the measuring system when
checking the zero point or performing zero If windows of the disposable cuvette are soiled:
calibration. Only the background concentration of
z Use new disposable cuvette.
approx. 0.4 Torr or 0.05 Vol.% normally found in
room air will be considered. Despite design measures to minimize zero shift,
major soiling of the cuvette windows, e. g. with
deposits from medication nebulization, may result
Information on alarm messages during in a zero shift. The measured CO2 values are
CO2 monitoring incorrect even before the Clean CO2 cuvette !!!
message appears due to the intensity of the
measuring light being too low.
Alarm message CO2 sensor ?!!!
In case the message CO2 zero ?!!! does not
If the message CO2 sensor ?!!! is displayed in disappear or the measurements are still doubted,
spite of a connected CO2 sensor and plugged zero calibration must be performed:
cuvette, the following windows may be soiled:
– Park bracket When using reusable cuvettes:
– Disposable cuvette z Perform zero calibration on the clean park
– CO2 sensor bracket. Take care not to breathe on the park
When using reusable cuvettes: bracket.
1 Clean park bracket and CO2 sensor. If the measured values are still suspect:
2 Perform zero calibration. Take care not to 1 Perform zero calibration on a clean reusable
breathe on the park bracket. cuvette in room air. Take care not to breathe on
the cuvette.
If it is not possible to remove the soiling on the park
bracket: 2 Continue measurement with the cuvette that
was used for zero calibration.
1 Perform zero calibration on a clean reusable
cuvette (with clean windows) in room air. Take When using disposable cuvettes:
care not to breathe on the cuvette. z Perform zero calibration on a new disposable
2 Replace park bracket. Contact DrägerService. cuvette. Take care not to breathe on the
cuvette.
When using disposable cuvettes:
1 Clean CO2 sensor. Alarm message CO2-cal./-zero/-check not
2 Perform zero calibration on a new disposable available
cuvette. Take care not to breathe on the If the message CO2-cal./-zero/-check not
cuvette. available appears after touching the Start, Filter
Check or Gas Check button or the Calibration tab,
Alarm message CO2 zero ?!!! this may have the following reasons:
If the alarm message CO2 zero ?!!! is displayed – The warm-up phase of the CO2 sensor was not
during measurement or if incorrect measured completed.
values are suspected, e.g., etCO2 values too low or z Wait until the warm-up phase of
inspiratory values too high: approx. 3 minutes has elapsed.

Monitoring
– CO2 sensor is not plugged in:

z Connect CO2 sensor. C
– CO2 sensor is defective:
z Replace CO2 sensor.
– The CO2 electronics in the device are defective.
z Contact DrägerService.
060
For additional information, see "Alarm – Cause – 5 Remove CO2 sensor (C) from the cuvette.
Remedy" on page 170.
When using reusable cuvettes:
z Place the CO2 sensor on the park bracket. Take
Performing CO2 zero calibration care not to breathe on the park bracket.
When using a reusable cuvette, only possible with When using disposable cuvettes:
a clean park bracket and a clean CO2 sensor! z Fit the CO2 sensor on a new disposable
When using a disposable cuvette, only possible cuvette, which must not be installed in the
with a new disposable cuvette and a clean CO2 breathing circuit. It is not mandatory to perform
sensor! zero calibration on the cuvette which is to be
used for measuring. It is sufficient to perform
1 Switch on Evita XL and wait at least 3 minutes zero calibration on an unused identical
for the CO2 sensor to complete its warm-up. disposable cuvette.
After 3 minutes, the measured values will be within z Perform calibration in ambient air, taking care
the specified tolerance range. not to breath on the cuvette.
WARNING
Starting CO2 zero calibration
When using disposable cuvettes, zero
2 Press Sensor Parameter key. calibration may only be performed on a new
3 Touch CO2 tab (A). disposable cuvette and not on the device-side
park bracket. Do not breathe on the cuvette.
Otherwise there will be a zero point deviation
A of up to 1 Vol.% CO2.
B 6 Press the rotary knob to confirm.

Evita XL performs CO2 zero calibration.
CO2 zero calibration is displayed in the header
bar.
After approx. 5 seconds, Evita XL confirms zero
calibration with the message CO2 zero ok.
570
4 Touch Start button (B). After CO2 zero calibration
The instruction to bring the CO2 sensor in the z Fit CO2 sensor (C) back onto the cuvette.
calibration position is displayed in the header bar.

Monitoring
If CO2 zero calibration is faulty Starting calibration check of CO2 sensor with
test filter
The alarm message CO2 zero ?!!! is displayed in
the header bar. Prerequisite: The CO2 page (B) in the Sensor
z Repeat CO2 zero calibration.
1 Touch Check sensor tab (C).
If zero calibration is again unsuccessful:
z Check whether CO2 sensor or park bracket is
soiled. Clean if necessary. B
If the CO2 sensor is defective: D
z Replace CO2 sensor and repeat zero
C
calibration.
Checking calibration of the CO2 sensor

with test filter
571
Check calibration of CO2 sensors with test filter at
2 Touch Filter Check button (D).
monthly intervals.
3 Insert test filter (A) into CO2 sensor.
CAUTION
Evita XL now displays the test value of the CO2
Before checking with the test filter, perform CO2
concentration FCO2. Example: FCO2 4.1 Vol.%
zero calibration on the park bracket or on a clean
reusable cuvette and not with a disposable z Compare test value with the value indicated on
cuvette. The check with the test filter will the test filter.
otherwise be outside the specified range.
4,1 Vol%
064
This value must correspond to the value indicated

A (deviation of ±0.3 Vol.% permitted).
062
Example:
z Use test filter (A) provided on the CO2 sensor
cable. Test filter Permitted range:
z Switch on Evita XL and wait at least 3 minutes 4.1 Vol.% 3.8 to 4.4 Vol.%
for the CO2 sensor to complete its warm-up.
If the test value is outside the permitted tolerance,
z Perform CO2 zero calibration on the park
the sensor must be checked with calibration gas. If
bracket or a clean reusable cuvette, see
necessary, the CO2 sensor has to be calibrated.
page 145.

Monitoring
After checking calibration of the CO2 sensor Prerequisite: The CO2 page (A) in the Sensor
with test filter Parameter dialog window must be open.
z Fit CO2 sensor back onto the cuvette. 3 Touch Check sensor tab (B).
Checking calibration of the CO2 sensor A

with calibration gas
B
calibration gas should be performed at least every
D
6 months and if test values are not met on checking
calibration of the CO2 sensor using the test filter.
WARNING C
Do not use test gases containing N2O for
571
testing and calibration purposes. Using test
gases containing N2O can cause indication Connecting the calibration gas supply
deviations of ±0.5 Vol.% CO2.
1 Use the reusable cuvette from the calibration
set!
CAUTION
Checking calibration with calibration gas can only
be performed after zero calibration has been
performed on the park bracket or on a clean,
reusable cuvette. After zero calibration on a
H
disposable cuvette and subsequent checking of
calibration with calibration gas with the cuvette
from the calibration set, deviations of more than G
2 Vol.% CO2 may occur.
F
1 Switch on Evita XL and wait at least 3 minutes
for the CO2 sensor to complete its warm-up. E
2 Perform CO2 zero calibration, see page 145. 065
2 Connect the calibration gas cylinder (E) and

cuvette (F) from the calibration set to the hose
(G).
3 Remove CO2 sensor (H) from its park bracket
and fit onto the cuvette (F) from the calibration
set.
4 Read CO2 and (if it contains O2) O2
concentration of the calibration gas from the
calibration gas cylinder (E).

Monitoring
Entering O2 concentration Calibrating CO2 sensor

1 Touch O2 button (C).
Calibration of the CO2 sensor is required if the
2 Adjust value using the rotary knob: specified values are not met when testing
If the calibration gas contains CO2, O2, and N2: calibration with calibration gas.
z Enter O2 concentration read from the cylinder. WARNING

If the calibration gas contains CO2 and N2 only: Do not use test gases containing N2O for
testing and calibration purposes. Using test
z Set O2 concentration to 0. gases containing N2O can cause indication
3 Confirm value using the rotary knob. deviations of ±0.5 Vol.% CO2.
4 Touch Gas Check button (D).

WARNING
Evita XL displays the CO2 concentration FCO2. Calibration of the CO2 sensor with calibration
Example: FCO2 5.0 Vol.% gas can only be performed after zero
After approx. 10 seconds, the FCO2 value should calibration has been performed on the park
correspond to the CO2 content of the calibration bracket or on a clean, reusable cuvette. After
gas read from the calibration gas cylinder zero calibration on a disposable cuvette and
(deviation of ±0.2 Vol.% permitted). subsequent calibration of the CO2 sensor with
calibration gas using the cuvette from the
If the value is outside the permitted tolerance, the calibration set, deviations of more than
CO2 sensor must be recalibrated with calibration 2 Vol.% CO2 may occur. These deviations can
gas. lead to a misinterpretation of the patient's
respiratory status during ventilation.
After checking calibration of the CO2 sensor
z Switch on Evita XL and wait at least 3 minutes
with calibration gas
for the CO2 sensor to complete its warm-up.
z Fit CO2 sensor back onto the cuvette.
1 Perform CO2 zero calibration, see page 145.
Prerequisite: The CO2 page (A) in the Sensor
A
E
C D B
572
2 Touch Calibration tab (B).

Monitoring
Connecting the calibration gas supply After calibration of the CO2 sensor
1 Use the reusable cuvette from the calibration z Fit CO2 sensor back onto the cuvette.
set!
Procedure if calibration fails
Evita XL indicates failed calibration with the
I following messages:
CO2 calibration interrupted
or
H
CO2 calibration failed
G z Repeat calibration of the CO2 sensor.
F Calibration may fail for the following reasons:
– The CO2 concentration value entered may not
065
2 Connect the calibration gas cylinder (F) and be the same as that in the calibration gas
cuvette (G) from the calibration set to the hose cylinder:
(H). z Check CO2 concentration entered.
3 Remove CO2 sensor (I) from its park bracket – The calibration gas cylinder is empty:
and fit onto the cuvette (G) from the calibration
set. z Use a new calibration gas cylinder.
4 Read CO2 and (if it contains O2) O2 – The sensor is defective:

concentration of the calibration gas from the z Replace sensor.
calibration gas cylinder (F).
Entering O2 and CO2 concentration

2 Adjust value using the rotary knob:
When using the standard calibration gas (5 Vol.%
CO2 and 95 Vol.% N2):
z Set O2 concentration (C) to 0.
z Set CO2 concentration (D) to 5.
3 Confirm value using the rotary knob.
4 Touch Start button (E).
During calibration, the message CO2 calibration.
Please wait is displayed.
Evita XL performs calibration and confirms with the
message CO2 calibration ok.

Monitoring
Resetting calibration of CO2 sensor
If calibration was not successful or if there were

problems during calibration, the sensor can be
reset to the factory-set value.
Prerequisite: The CO2 page (A) in the Sensor
1 Touch Calibration tab (B).
C
572
2 Touch Reset Cal. button (C).

After approx. 5 seconds, the factory-set calibration
value is reactivated.
z Perform a valid calibration of the CO2 sensor as
soon as possible!

Monitoring
Switching Monitoring Functions Off or On
Switching flow monitoring off or on Switching flow monitoring off

Switch off flow monitoring only briefly if a spent flow
sensor cannot be replaced immediately. Replace The Flow page (A) appears by default.
flow sensor as quickly as possible, calibrate flow
sensor and switch on flow monitoring.
A
When flow monitoring is switched off, the displays
for flow and the displayed values calculated on the
basis of flow, such as tidal volumes and minute
volume, and the monitoring of the minute volume C B
are switched off.
The expiratory flow monitoring function cannot be
fully replaced by a replacement monitoring
function. The MV alarm limits of the replacement
monitoring function must be set accordingly.
568
WARNING 2 Touch Off button (B).
Without an expiratory flow sensor, the 3 Press the rotary knob to confirm.
ventilation functions are restricted. A spent or
disconnected expiratory flow sensor may lead Evita XL displays a constant message in the
to deviations in the minute and tidal volumes, header bar.
to deviations in the PEEP and in the
NOTE
inspiratory pressure, or cause self-triggering.
The measured values disappear. The alarm
Depending on the lung characteristics function is deactivated.
(resistance and compliance), a deactivated
flow monitoring function may affect
oxygenation of the patient and CO2 After replacing the flow sensor
elimination. z Switch monitoring function back on.
Replace a spent expiratory flow sensor
immediately, calibrate the flow sensor, and Switching flow monitoring on
reactivate the flow monitoring function.
WARNING The Flow page (A) appears by default.
If flow monitoring is switched off despite the 2 Touch On button (C).
presence of a working and connected
expiratory flow sensor, the flow sensor is still 3 Press the rotary knob to confirm.
used for controlling the ventilation functions. Flow monitoring is now switched on.
However, the flow sensor is not monitored and
its failure will not trigger an alarm.
Switch flow monitoring on again immediately.

Monitoring
Switching NeoFlow monitoring off or on NOTE

NeoFlow monitoring can be switched off: function is deactivated.
– If the neonatal flow sensor has failed but cannot
be replaced immediately.
– Medication nebulization is to be performed. After replacing the neonatal flow sensor
– To permit ventilation in the event of major tube z Switch NeoFlow monitoring function back on.
leakage.
When NeoFlow monitoring is switched off, neither Switching NeoFlow monitoring on
volume-controlled nor patient-triggered ventilation
is possible. 1 Press Sensor Parameter key.
Without NeoFlow monitoring, the ventilation 2 Touch NeoFlow tab (A).
functions and ventilation monitoring are only 3 Touch On button (C).
available to a limited extent.
4 Press the rotary knob to confirm.
WARNING
NeoFlow monitoring is now switched on.
Without the neonatal flow sensor, the minute
volume is not monitored! Apnea monitoring is
now only effective to a limited extent. Apnea is Switching O2 monitoring off or on
detected if there is no notable fluctuation in
the flow supply from the device over 1 minute.
Switch off O2 monitoring, e.g., if a spent O2 sensor
Independent apnea monitoring is
cannot be replaced immediately.
recommended.
WARNING
Switching NeoFlow monitoring off When O2 monitoring is switched off, provide
for appropriate external replacement
monitoring immediately. Otherwise, patient
2 Touch NeoFlow tab (A). safety may be compromised.
When the O2 monitoring function is switched off,

A the display for the measured FiO2 value and the
monitoring for inspiratory O2 concentration are
switched off.
The O2 monitoring function can be replaced by an
appropriate external replacement monitoring
C B function. The O2 alarm limits of the replacement
monitoring function must be set in accordance with
the current FiO2 setting:
FiO2 <60 Vol.% –> O2 ±4 Vol.%

603
3 Touch Off button (B). FiO2 ≥60 Vol.% –> O2 ±6 Vol.%

Evita XL displays a constant message in the
header bar.

Monitoring
Switching O2 monitoring off Switching CO2 monitoring off or on

Switch off CO2 monitoring:
2 Touch O2 tab (A). – If a spent CO2 sensor cannot be replaced
immediately.
– When the measured CO2 values are currently
A not required.
Switching CO2 monitoring off

C B
2 Touch CO2 tab (A).
A
569
3 Touch Off button (B).

Evita XL displays a constant message in the C B
header bar.
NOTE
570
function is deactivated.
3 Touch Off button (B).
After replacing the sensors
Evita XL displays a message in the header bar.
z Switch monitoring function back on.
NOTE
Switching O2 monitoring on The measured values disappear. The alarm
function is deactivated.
2 Touch O2 tab (A).
Switching CO2 monitoring on
3 Touch On button (C).
2 Touch CO2 tab (A).
O2 monitoring is now switched on.
3 Touch On button (C).
CO2 monitoring is now switched on.

Monitoring
NeoFlow Monitoring
Standard on Evita XL Neo WARNING

Only available for Evita XL with the NeoFlow The neonatal flow sensor must not be used
option. for larger pediatric patients with serious
infections and a severe cough. Secretion
coughed up by patients can cause corrosion
NeoFlow monitoring in the Neonatal in the neonatal flow sensor. Use the expiratory
patient category flow sensor of Evita XL for flow monitoring.
Measured MV and VTe values are not leakage-

corrected and are therefore lower than the actual
minute and tidal volumes applied to the patient in
case of leakages.
Evita XL compensates leakages up to 100 % of the
set tidal volume VT. Pressure-controlled ventilation
is recommended in the case of larger leakages.
proper monitoring, the following settings are
required:
z Adjust upper and lower MV alarm limits in line
with the current value.
z Use additional monitoring, e.g., external SpO2,
if necessary.
NeoFlow monitoring in the Pediatric

patient category
If the neonatal flow sensor is present and intact for

the Pediatric patient category, flow monitoring is
performed with this sensor.
If the neonatal flow sensor is defective or if
NeoFlow monitoring is switched off, flow monitoring
is performed with the expiratory flow sensor of
Evita XL. In this case, volume-controlled ventilation
remains possible.

Configuration
Configuration
Information on Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
System-Specific Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Adjusting volume of the audible alarm . . . . . . . 156
Selecting screen brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Selecting screen display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Selecting country-specific settings . . . . . . . . . . 161
Configuring interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Displaying available options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Therapy-Specific Start-Up Settings . . . . . . . 163

Setting the patient range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Setting start-up values for ventilation . . . . . . . . 163
Setting start-up values for alarm limits . . . . . . . 168

Configuration
Information on Configuration
In the System Setup dialog window, the user can – Therapy-specific settings:
configure settings for different applications: – Patient ranges
– Start-up settings for ventilation
– System-specific settings:
– Start-up settings for alarm limits
– Alarm volume
– Screen brightness These customized settings become effective when
– Screen display the ventilator is switched on.
– Country-specific settings
– Interfaces
System-Specific Settings
Adjusting volume of the audible alarm Selecting screen brightness
1 Press System Setup key. 1 Press System Setup key.

1 1
2 2
3 3
The System page (A) appears by default.

A
C A
B
B
C D
578

578
2 Touch Sound, Day/Night tab (B). 2 Touch Sound, Day/Night tab (B).
3 Touch the button in the Alarm Volume line (C). Two selections are available: Day (C) for strong
contrast and bright colors and Night (D) for
4 Using the rotary knob, set and confirm the
reduced screen brightness.
value.
WARNING
Always adjust audible alarm volume to a level
that ensures the operator will be alerted when
alarms occur.

Configuration
Selecting screen display

A
Selecting display of waveforms, loops, trends
D E F
Without the XL Monitoring Plus option, only
waveforms can be configured. C B
1
2
3

2 Touch Screen tab (B).
580
A To display measured values with their effective
alarm limits, the three selections can be
customized specifically as required by hospital
D C protocol. The buttons are arranged in the same
E B order as the numerical values on the main screen.
F
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
In the Group 1 (D), Group 2 (E), or Group
3 (F) column:
G 4 Touch the relevant button.
579
3 Touch Graphics... tab (C).

Select parameters or parameter combinations for
Graphics 1, 2, and 3: G H
4 Touch the relevant button in the Graphic 1 (D),
Graphic 2 (E), or Graphic 3 (F) line.
I
Evita XL opens a selection list (G).
5 Using the rotary knob, select and confirm the
parameter or parameter combination.
581
Evita XL opens
Selecting display of measured values
– the choice to display one (G) or two parameters
Without the XL Configuration Plus option, the (H)
measured values cannot be configured.
– the selection list of parameters (I)
1
2
3
5 Touch 1 Value (G) or 2 Values (H) button.

6 Select and confirm the parameter (I) using the
2 Touch Screen tab (B). rotary knob.
3 Touch Measured Values tab (C).

Configuration
Selecting measured values to be displayed as

trends A
1
2
3

2 Touch Screen tab (B). D B
3 Touch Trends... tab (C).
C
584
B Evita XL opens the selection list (D).
D C 5 Select and confirm the function using the rotary
knob.
Selecting customized measured values and

582
settings
The measured values to be displayed as trends can
Only available with the XL Configuration Plus
be selected. Up to eight measured values can be
option.
selected, depending on the options available. Only
the measured values selected are saved as a 1 Press System Setup key.
1
2
3
trend.
Evita XL opens the selection list (D).
3 Touch Custom. Data... tab (C).
5 Select and confirm the measured value using
To select customized measured values:
the rotary knob.
1 Touch Measured Values tab (D).
Defining additional buttons in the main menu
bar
A
With the XL Configuration Plus option, additional
buttons can be configured. D
Seven additional buttons can be defined in the B
main menu bar for accessing a function directly. E
1
2
3
The System page (A) appears by default. C

585
3 Touch Function Keys... tab (C).

Up to 18 measured values can be compiled. The
buttons (E) reflect the position and order of the
measured values in the customized table.

Configuration
2 Touch the relevant button (E). Changes in the configuration of the trends have an
effect on the trends stored in the screen
Evita XL opens the selection list.
configuration.
3 Select and confirm the measured value using
For factory settings, see "Screen Configurations"
the rotary knob.
on page 277.
To select customized settings:
1 Touch Settings tab (F). Displaying screen configuration
z Touch the button (A) until the required
screen configuration is displayed.
Fast switch to the required screen configuration:
z Touch the button (A) several times until the
F required screen configuration is displayed.
G
Setting screen configuration
1
2
3
The System page (B) appears by default.

586
2 Touch Screen tab (C).

Up to 15 settings can be compiled. The buttons (G)
reflect the position and order of the settings in the 3 Touch View... tab (D).
customized table.
2 Touch the relevant button (G).
Evita XL opens the selection list. A
3 Select and confirm the setting using the rotary
knob.
B
Screen configurations E F G H
Only available with the XL Configuration Plus
option.
C
6 different screen configurations are available.
For each screen configuration, the following D
I
587
settings are saved:

To save the current screen configuration:
– Waveforms, loops, trends or short trends
displayed on the main screen 1 Touch the button (E) in the relevant line.
– 3 sets of measured values 2 Press the rotary knob to confirm.
– Additional buttons in the main menu bar Or:
– Customized data table

Configuration
1 Touch the button (A) for 3 seconds, the Locking therapy controls
button turns yellow.
To prevent direct modification of the ventilation
2 Select and confirm a memory location using the parameters, the therapy controls on the main
rotary knob. screen can be locked.
To lock the screen configuration against 1 Press System Setup key.
1
2
3
overwriting:
z Touch the button (G) in the relevant line.
The symbol (G) appears next to the display of
3 Touch Lock... tab (C).
the locked screen configuration.
To deactivate the lock:
1 Touch button (F).
A
E D
The lock is deactivated. B
To hide a screen configuration:
z Touch the button (H) in the relevant line.
The hidden screen configuration is not displayed in
the selection. C
588
To display the factory-set screen configuration:
To activate the lock:
1 Touch Dräger Default button (I).
4 Touch button (D).
On the main screen in the therapy bar, the symbol
3 Enter access code: 1860 is displayed.
The ventilation parameters can be set in the
All screen configurations are overwritten with the
Ventilator Settings dialog window.
factory settings, see "Screen Configurations"
on page 277. To deactivate the lock:
z Touch button (E).

Configuration
Selecting country-specific settings The current units are displayed in the Units line (D).
1
2
3
2 Select and confirm using the rotary knob.

2 Touch Country tab (B). Setting the date and time
Evita XL displays the current date and time in the
A Date (E) and Time (F) lines respectively.
C 1 Touch the relevant button.
D
B CAUTION
E Evita XL does not have automatic summer
time/winter time changeover. The adjustment
must be made by the user. Otherwise the dates
F in the display and for stored data and actions
589
(e.g. in the logbook) will be incorrect.
Selecting the display language

Evita XL displays the currently-selected language Configuring interfaces
in the Language line (C).
1
2
3
The device is factory-configured to the language at

the customer site. The System page (A) appears by default.
Evita XL can be set to the following languages: 2 Touch Interface tab (B).
German Norwegian
English Dutch
A
English USA Polish
French Hungarian C
Spanish Russian
Portuguese Chinese D
Italian Japanese E B
Swedish Czech
Danish Romanian
F
1 Touch the button in the Language line (C).
591
Evita XL opens the selection list. Evita XL displays the COM 1 (C), COM 2 (D), COM
3 (E) and Analog (F) interface parameters in the
2 Select and confirm language with rotary knob. respective lines.
Selecting units
Specific national units may be selected for the
physical quantities pressure, temperature and CO2.

Configuration
Displaying available options

1
2
3

2 Touch Options Overview tab (B).
B
610
Evita XL displays an overview with patient

categories and options:
– Adult
– Pediatric
– NeoFlow
– XL Configuration Plus
– XL Monitoring Plus
– XL Ventilation Plus
– ATC
– NIV
– LPP
– CapnoPlus
– SmartCare / PS
– NurseCall
– Evita Link
The patient categories and options which are
available in the device are marked with a
checkmark ( ).
Service
To display the operating status of the internal

function components.
Only available to authorized personnel with the
necessary access code.

Configuration
Therapy-Specific Start-Up Settings
The therapy-specific start-up settings can be Setting start-up values for ventilation
configured by the user to meet the hospital's
requirements. 1 Press
1
2
3 System Setup key.
2 Touch Ventilation tab (A).
Setting the patient range 3 Touch Mode & Settings tab (B).
1
2
3
2 Touch Ventilation tab (A).

A
3 Touch Patient Range tab (B).
C B
A
C
B
607
Evita XL displays an overview (C) of all
configurable start-up defaults for ventilation.
Selecting start-up setting of the ventilation

593
modes
Evita XL shows the Patient Range (C) that
becomes effective when the device is switched on. 1 Touch Modes... tab (D).
z Touch button.
Evita XL opens the selection list. The following
patient ranges are available*:
– Adults only
– Pediatrics only E D
– Neonates only
– Adults or Pediatrics
– Pediatrics or Neonates
– Adults, Pediatrics, or Neonates
z Select and confirm patient range with rotary
knob.
594
* Depending on device and available options

Configuration
Evita XL displays the Startup and three additional 5 Touch the On button (G) in the Start-up by
ventilation modes in the Modes line (E). After weight line (F) and confirm using the rotary
switching on Evita XL, these ventilation modes will knob.
be displayed in the Ventilator Settings dialog
After switching on Evita XL, ventilation begins with
window.
the start-up values depending on the patient weight
2 Touch the relevant button (E). set in the Start / Standby dialog window.
Evita XL opens the selection list. To restore factory settings:
3 Select and confirm ventilation mode using the z Touch Dräger Default button (H) and confirm
rotary knob. with rotary knob.
The following ventilation modes are only available Setting start-up values for VT, f, and Flowtrigger
with the XL Ventilation Plus option: according to patient category:
– MMV
1 Touch VT, f... tab (C).
– PCV+ Assist
– APRV 2 Touch By Patient tab (I).
Setting start-up values for VT, f, and Flowtrigger

A
The start-up defaults for VT, f and Flowtrigger can
be set according to the patient category or K G
according to the weight of the patient.
I B
Setting start-up values for VT, f, and Flowtrigger J C
according to weight:
1 Touch VT, f... tab (C).
2 Touch By Weight tab (D).
H
Evita XL displays the start-up values for VT-, f, and 596
A Flowtrigger for different patient categories (J).
F G 3 Touch the relevant button (J).
D
B 4 Set and confirm start-up value using the rotary
E C knob.
5 Touch the On button (G) in the Start-up by
patient line (K) and confirm using the rotary
knob.
H After switching on Evita XL, ventilation begins with
595
the start-up values depending on the patient

Evita XL displays the start-up value for VT-, f and
category set in the Start / Standby dialog window.
Flowtrigger for different weights (E).
To restore factory settings:
3 Touch the relevant button (E).
z Touch Dräger Default button (H) and confirm
4 Set and confirm start-up value using the rotary
with rotary knob.
knob.

Configuration
Settings for VT, f, and Flowtrigger according to

Radford nomogram
To select the start-up values depending on body
weight, the Radford nomogram has been extended
to a weight of 0.5 kg (1.1 lbs) for neonates:
Factory settings Customized settings

Weight Tidal volume Respiratory Flowtrigger Tidal volume Respiratory Flowtrigger
VT rate f VT rate f
kg (lb) mL bpm L/min mL bpm L/min
0.5 (1.1) 3 35 0.5 ................. ................. .................
3.0 (6.6) 30 35 0.2 ................. ................. .................
15 (33.1) 110 26 1 ................. ................. .................
65 (143.3) 450 13 2 ................. ................. .................
100 (220) 700 10 2 ................. ................. .................
For selecting start-up settings depending on patient

category:
Factory settings Customized settings

Patient Tidal volume Respiratory Flowtrigger Tidal volume Respiratory Flowtrigger
category VT rate f VT rate f
mL bpm L/min mL bpm L/min
Neo. 9 31 0.5 ................. ................. .................
Ped. 50 29 1 ................. ................. .................
Adult 500 12 2 ................. ................. .................

Configuration
Setting start-up values for O2, I : E, pressure... Configuring additional settings

1 Touch O2, I:E pressure... tab (C). 1 Touch Add. settings... tab (C).
A A
D D
E E
B B
F F
G I C
C
H
598
597
Evita XL displays the start-up values for The following settings can be configured for the
pressure (D), Pmax (E), O2 (F), and I : E (G). Add. settings page in the Ventilator Settings
dialog window:
To set start-up values:
2 Touch the relevant button. AutoFlow (D) on or off
3 Set and confirm using the rotary knob. Apnea ventilation (E) on or off
Leakage compensation (F) on or off
To switch Pmax (E) on or off:
4 Touch relevant button and confirm using the 2 Touch the relevant button.
rotary knob.
In addition to the ventilation parameters VT and f,
the parameters inspiratory time Ti and Flow derived
from the ratio of inspiratory to expiratory time I : E
are displayed (H), but only if start-up values are
configured By Patient.
z Touch Dräger Default button (I) and confirm
with rotary knob.

Configuration
Selecting start-up settings for tube

compensation
1 Touch ATC... tab (C).
A
D
E
F B
G
H
I C
599
The following start-up settings can be selected for

tube compensation:
Tube compensation on or off

(ATC) (D)
Inspiratory Spontaneous +
compensation (E) mandatory or
spontaneous only
Expiratory on or off
compensation (F)
Degree of tube 0 to 100 %
compensation (G)
Tube type (H) Endotracheal tube or
tracheostomy tube
Inside diameter of Patient category
the tube (I) – Adult: 5 to 12 mm
– Ped.: 2.5 to 8 mm
– Neo.: 2.5 to 5 mm
To switch on or off:
Set values:
5 Set and confirm using the rotary knob.

Configuration
Setting start-up values for alarm limits 6 Set and confirm using the rotary knob.

1
2
3
A
2 Touch Ventilation tab (A). C D E F G
3 Touch Alarm Limits tab (B).
Evita XL displays the current start-up alarm limits. B
H
= upper alarm limit
= lower alarm limit I
600
Parameter Setting range Factory-set start-up value Customized start-
(Dräger Default) up value
MV (C) 0 to 99 % (VT x f) +50 % ....................
MV (C) 0 to 99 % (VT x f) –20 % ....................
PAW (D) 10 to 100 mbar 50 mbar (50 cmH2O) ....................
(10 to 100 cmH2O)
VTi (E) 0 to 99 % VTi +100 % ....................
fspn (F) 5 to 120 bpm 50 bpm ....................
TApnea (G) 5 to 60 seconds 15 seconds ....................
etCO2 (H) 1 to 98 mmHg 60 mmHg ....................
(0.1 to 15 Vol.%, (8 Vol.%, 8 kPa)
0.1 to 13.2 kPa)
etCO2 (H) 0 to 97 mmHg 30 mmHg ....................
(0 to 14.9 Vol.%, (4 Vol.%, 4 kPa)
0 to 13.1 kPa)
The values set may be entered in the column

"Customized start-up value".
z Touch Dräger Default button (I) and confirm
with rotary knob.
WARNING
After starting ventilation, adjust the alarm
limits to the current patient. Otherwise, the
patient may be at risk!

Problem Solving
Problem Solving
Alarm – Cause – Remedy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170

Problem Solving
Alarm – Cause – Remedy
The alarm messages are displayed in the message

field of the header bar in hierarchical order.
The priority of alarm messages is indicated by
exclamation marks after the message and through
different background colors. These determine the
priority of the corrective action required.
Warning !!! Red High-priority alarm Immediate action is necessary in order to avert an
message acute danger
Caution !! Yellow Medium-priority Prompt action is necessary in order to avert a danger
alarm message
Note ! Yellow Low-priority alarm Attention is necessary, but a delayed response is
message sufficient
In order to classify the alarms within an alarm

category, internal priority numbers are given after
the exclamation marks in the table below. The most
critical alarm is awarded the number 255. The
priority of the alarm decreases the lower the
number is.
If several alarms occur at the same time, the most
critical alarm is displayed in the alarm message
field of the header bar.
In the following table, the alarm messages are
listed in alphabetical order. If an alarm occurs, the
table helps to identify causes and remedies. The
different causes and remedies should be worked
through in the order listed until the alarm has been
resolved.

Problem Solving
Message Priority Cause Remedy

Air supply down ! 250 Air supply pressure too low. Air Make sure supply pressure is
supply pressure is not required greater than 43.5 psi
when FiO2 = 100 Vol.%. (3 cmH2O).
Air supply down !!! 250 Air supply pressure too low. Make sure supply pressure is
greater than 43.5 psi
(3 cmH2O).
Air supply pressure 060 Air supply pressure too high. Air Make sure supply pressure is
high ! supply pressure is not required less than 87 psi (6 cmH2O).
when FiO2 = 100 Vol.%.
Air supply pressure 100 Air supply pressure too high. Make sure supply pressure is
high !! less than 87 psi (6 cmH2O).
Airway obstructed ?!!! 230 The ventilator applies only a Check condition of patient,
very small volume with each check tube
mechanical stroke, e.g.
because the tube is blocked.
Patient 'fights' against the Check condition of patient,
mechanical strokes in pressure- check ventilator settings.
controlled ventilation, with the
result that the set inspiratory
pressure is achieved with only a
very small volume applied.
NeoFlow sensor not installed in Install NeoFlow sensor in the
the breathing system. breathing system.
Airway pressure high 205 The upper alarm limit for the Check condition of patient.
!!! airway pressure has been Check ventilation pattern.
exceeded. The patient is Adjust alarm limits if necessary.
'fighting' the ventilator or
coughing.
Kinked patient circuit. Check patient circuit and tube.
Airway pressure low 204 Leak or disconnection. Inflate cuff and check for leaks.
!!! Check breathing circuit for tight
connections. Check that the
expiratory valve is properly
engaged.
Ambient pressure 200 Ambient pressure sensor faulty. Note:The ventilator functions
sensor ?!! are not affected. Device can not
be used in helicopters or
aircraft. Call DrägerService.

Problem Solving

Apnea !!! 181 Patient´s spontaneous Check condition of patient, if
breathing has stopped. necessary apply controlled
ventilation.
Stenosis Check condition of patient.
Check tube. Check breathing
circuit.
Flow sensor not calibrated. Calibrate flow sensor.
Apnea !!! 181 NeoFlow sensor not calibrated Calibrate the NeoFlow sensor,
or defective. replace if necessary,
recalibrate.
Neonatal flow cable connected Connect neonatal flow-sensor in
but sensor not attached to the Y- the Y-piece.
piece.
Tube blocked. Check tube.
Apnea alarm off ! 255 Apnea monitoring is not active Use external monitoring or
when nebulizing without flow switch on flow monitoring or
monitoring. stop nebulizing.
Apnea alarm off ! 114 Apnea monitoring has been Set the upper alarm limit for
switched off in NIV application. apnea monitoring to the
required value again.
Apnea ventilation !! 230 Due to detected apnea, the Check ventilation. Return to the
system has automatically original ventilation mode by
switched over to mandatory touching the 'Apnea Reset'
ventilation. button and confirm. Check
condition of patient. Check tube.
Back-up ventilation !!! 200 Neonatal flow sensor not Calibrate neonatal flow sensor
calibrated. or if necessary exchange and
calibrate neonatal flow sensor.
Tube blocked. Neonatal flow Check tube. Activate neonatal
monitoring was switched off. flow monitoring.
Leakage or disconnection. Check tightness of breathing
circuit. Check correct position of
the expiratory valve.

Problem Solving

Breathing cycle not 180 The ventilator is not delivering Set Pmax higher than PEEP
detected !!! any gas. setting. Extend alarm time
TApnea or increase CMV
frequency.
Device has detected a Disconnect patient from the
malfunction. device and continue ventilation
without delay, using another
independent ventilator. Call
DrägerService.
Breathing cycle not 180 The ventilator is not delivering Check NeoFlow sensor.
detected !!! any gas. Increase CMV frequency.
Device has detected a Disconnect patient from the
without delay, using another
DrägerService.
Check frequency 020 The frequency (breathing rate) Adjust the frequency of the
ILVSlave ! of the master and slave device slave device to that of the
differs by more than 12 %. master device.
Check settings !! 205 Malfunction while setting the Check ventilation pattern and
ventilation pattern or the alarm alarm limits. The following
limits. settings are affected: O2
concentration 'O2', Alarm limit
'PAW high', 'MV low', status
external flow source, status
oxygenation for bronchial
suction key 'Alarm Silence',
screen key 'Alarm Reset',
screen key 'Insp.hold', screen
key 'Exp.hold', switch off O2
monitoring, switch off flow
monitoring. Confirmation with
rotary knob. Confirm message
with 'Alarm Reset' button.
The ventilation started with the Check parameters, patient
configured initial values after values, and alarm settings and
switching on. adjust them if necessary.
Confirm message with 'Alarm
Reset' button.
Clean CO2 cuvette !!! 144 Cuvette window for the CO2 Use clean cuvette or take new
measurement is contaminated. single use cuvette.
Sensor window for the CO2 Clean CO2 sensor.
measurement is contaminated.

Problem Solving

CO2 measurement 145 CO2 sensor faulty. Replace faulty CO2 sensor.
out of range !!!
CO2 measurement incorrect. The ventilator functions are not
affected. Ensure adequate
external monitoring without
delay. Deactivate the internal
CO2 monitoring. Call
DrägerService.
CO2 monitoring off ! 092 CO2 monitoring is switched off. Switch CO2 monitoring on again
or use adequate external
monitoring if necessary.
CO2 sensor ?!!! 146 Probe of CO2 sensor for the Reinsert probe.
CO2 measurement was
removed during operation.
CO2 sensor for the CO2 Place CO2 sensor on cuvette.
measurement not positioned on
cuvette.
CO2 sensor for the CO2 Replace defective CO2 sensor.
measurement defective.
CO2 zero ?!!! 142 Zero point for the CO2 Perform zero calibration.
measurement is outside the
permissible tolerance.
Zero calibration for the CO2 Perform zero calibration
measurement unsuccessful. correctly.
Cuvette window or sensor Use clean removable cuvette or
window is contaminated. take new single-use cuvette.
Clean CO2 sensor. Perform
zero calibration, refer to
instruction for use.
Device failure 253 Device has detected a Switch 'off' and again 'on' the
00.00.000 !!! malfunction. device. If the message
disappears ventilation can be
continued. If the message does
not disappear, disconnect the
patient from the device and
continue ventilation immediately
with another independent
ventilator. Call DrägerService.
etCO2 high !!! 140 Upper alarm limit for end- Check condition of patient,
expiratory CO2 concentration in check ventilation pattern, adjust
CO2 measurement has been alarm limit if neccessary.
exceeded. Perform CO2 zero if applicable.

Problem Solving

etCO2 low !!! 140 Lower alarm limit for end- Check condition of patient,
expiratory CO2 concentration in check ventilation pattern, adjust
CO2 measurement has been alarm limit if neccessary.
exceeded. Perform CO2 zero if applicable.
Evita Remote ?! 010 The remote control pad was not Remove Remote Pad.
recognized by the device. Acknowledge message by
touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. Note: The
ventilator functions of the device
are not affected. Call
DrägerService.
Evita Remote error ! 010 Key pressed on Remote Pad Acknowledge message by
during selftest. touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. Remove Remote
Pad and reconnect. Ensure that
no key is pressed on the
Remote Pad during self-test.
Remote control pad faulty. Acknowledge message by
touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. Remove Remote
Pad. The ventilator functions of
the device are not affected. Call
DrägerService.
Execute device 210 Device check not performed. Perform device and tightness
check !! check. Acknowledge message
by touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm.
Exp. hold interrupted 230 The 'Exp. Hold' key was held Release 'Exp. Hold' key.
! down longer than 15 seconds.
Exp. valve error !!! 220 Expiration valve not properly Push exhalation valve firmly into
connected to socket. socket until it clicks into place.
Flow sensor not calibrated or Calibrate flow sensor, replace if
defective. necessary.
Exhalation valve faulty. Replace exhalation valve.
Ext. battery - Voltage 150 External battery has been Connect a 12 V or 24 V battery.
high ! connected with excessively high
voltage when using DC.
Ext. battery activated 254 The ventilator is being powered Connect ventilator to the mains
! by the external battery due to supply.
the absence of mains supply.
Only with fully charged batteries
the device can be powered up to
120 minutes.

Problem Solving

!! by the external battery due to supply. Acknowledge the
the absence of mains supply. message with 'Alarm Reset'
Only with fully charged batteries button and confirm.
120 minutes.
!!! by the external battery due to supply. Acknowledge the
the absence of mains supply. message with 'Alarm Reset'
Only with fully charged batteries button and confirm.
120 minutes.
Ext. battery polarity 150 External battery has been Connect external battery
reversed ! connected with wrong polarity correctly.
when using DC.
External Flow ! 011 Evita XL calculates the Deactivate calculation of
externally supplied flow when external flow.
monitoring correct functioning of
the flow measurement.
Fan error ?!!! 050 Temperature in device is too Check fan function, clean or
high. Fan on the back side of replace cooling air filter. Check
device failed? ambient air temperature.
Disconnect patient from the
device and continue ventilation
immediately with another
DrägerService.
Fan malfunction ! 016 Temperature in device is too Check fan function, clean or
high. Fan on the back side of replace cooling air filter. Check
device failed? ambient air temperature.
Cooling fan on the back side of Disconnect patient from the
device failed. device and continue ventilation
without delay using another
independent ventilator. Switch
off the device. Call
DrägerService.
FiO2 high !!! 130 O2 sensor not calibrated. Calibrate O2 sensor.
Faulty mixer function. The Disconnect patient from the
ventilation function may be device and continue ventilation
affected. This may lead to immediately with another
deviations in the O2 independent ventilator. Call
concentration and tidal volume. DrägerService.

Problem Solving

FiO2 low !!! 130 O2 sensors not calibrated. Calibrate O2 sensor.
Faulty mixer function. The Disconnect patient from the
ventilation function may be device and continue ventilation
affected. This may lead to immediately with another
deviations in the O2 independent ventilator. Call
concentration and tidal volume. DrägerService.
Flow measurement 235 Water in flow sensor. Expiratory Dry flow sensor or change flow
out of range !!! minute volume exceeds minute sensor and perform manual
volume delivered by the calibration.
ventilator.
Flow sensor not calibrated or Calibrate flow sensor, replace if
faulty. Expiratory minute volume necessary.
exceeds minute volume
delivered by the ventilator.
Flow measurement malfunction. The ventilation function of the
device is limited. Check patient
condition, check ventilation. If
not acceptable disconnect
Flow monitoring off ! 100 Flow monitoring is switched off. Switch flow monitoring on again
or immediately ensure an
adequate external monitoring
function.
Flow sensor ?!!! 228 Flow sensor not fully inserted in Insert flow sensor correctly.
rubber lip of expiration valve.
High frequency !!! 150 Patient is breathing at a high Check condition of patient.
spontaneous frequency. Check ventilation pattern or
spontaneaus breathing
frequency. Check hose system
for water (auto triggering).
Adjust alarm limit if neccessary.
Hose kinked !! 205 The pressure at the inspiratory Check patient hoses, check
port is greater than 30 cmH2O, patient mask.
e.g. due to a kinked or blocked
hose, or a blocked patient mask.

Problem Solving

ILV sync. error !!! 080 Frequency on master device Set a higher frequency.
less than 4 breaths per minute.
Fault in communication The individual ventilator
between the units. functions are not affected. Do
not continue with the ventilation
mode ILV. Call DrägerService.
Insp. hold interrupted 230 The 'Insp. Hold' key was held Release 'Insp. Hold' key.
! down longer than 15 seconds.
Int. battery activated ! 254 Due to the lack of power supply Connect ventilator to the mains
and absence of or discharged supply or to a fully charged
external battery the device is external battery within
powered by the internal battery. 10 minutes.
The maximum remaining time
from the internal battery is
10 minutes.
Int. battery activated 200 Due to the lack of power supply Connect ventilator to the mains
!! and absence of or discharged supply or to a fully charged
powered by the internal battery. 10 minutes. Acknowledge the
The maximum remaining time message with 'Alarm Reset'
from the internal battery is button and confirm.
10 minutes.
Int. battery activated 160 Due to the lack of power supply Connect ventilator to the mains
!!! and absence of or discharged supply or to a fully charged
powered by the internal battery. 10 minutes. Acknowledge the
The maximum remaining time message with 'Alarm Reset'
from the internal battery is button and confirm.
10 minutes.
Int. battery 254 Due to the lack of power supply Connect ventilator immediately
discharged !!! and absence of or discharged to the mains supply or to a fully
external battery the device is charged external battery.
powered by the internal battery.
The time for operation with
power from the internal battery
has expired.
Int. battery only 2 250 Due to the lack of power supply Connect ventilator to the mains
minutes left !! and absence of or discharged supply or to a fully charged
powered by the internal battery. 2 minutes.
The remaining operating time
with power from the internal
battery is less than 2 minutes.

Problem Solving

Key Alarm Reset 200 Key can no longer be pressed. Disconnect patient from device
failed !! and continue ventilation
DrägerService.
Key Alarm Reset 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
overused ?!! times in a short period. touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. If this message
appears repeatedly: Disconnect
Key Exp. hold failed !! 200 Key can no longer be pressed. Disconnect patient from device
and continue ventilation
DrägerService.
Key Exp. hold 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
Key failed !! 200 Key can no longer be pressed. Disconnect patient from device
and continue ventilation
DrägerService.
Key Insp. hold failed 200 Key can no longer be pressed. Disconnect patient from device
!! and continue ventilation
DrägerService.
Key Insp. hold 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by

Problem Solving

Key O2↑suction 200 Key can no longer be operated. Disconnect patient from device
failed !! and continue ventilation
DrägerService.
Key O2↑suction 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
Key overused ?!! 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
times in a short period. touching 'Alarm Reset' button
Key overused ?!! 200 Due to frequent key use, the Acknowledge message by
screen contents of the display touching 'Alarm Reset' button
are repeatedly redrawn. and confirm.
Brief communication failure Acknowledge message by
between display processor and touching 'Alarm Reset' button
main processor. and confirm. If this message
Leakage ! 009 The measured minute volume Check that the patient circuit
leak MVleak is 20 % higher than connections are leakproof
the minute volume measured on Check that the tube is correctly
the exspiration side. fitted.

Problem Solving

Loss of data !!! 252 Lithium battery discharged or - If the alarm occurs after power
device faulty. on: Check settings. Ventilation
can be continued. Call
DrägerService.
- If the alarm occurs during
operation or continuously after
power on: Disconnect the
MEDIBUS COM. 012 The MEDIBUS cable has been Plug the connector in again and
error ! unplugged during operation secure it against disconnection
when using EvitaLink. with the two screws.
MEDIBUS cable defective. Use a new MEDIBUS cable.
Interface defective. Ventilation can be continued.
Call DrägerService.
Mixer inop. !!! 240 Mixer malfunction. FiO2 and Immediately disconnect the
tidal volume can deviate patient from the device and
considerably. continue ventilation without
delay using another
DrägerService.
Multi functional board 010 The multi-functional board for Acknowledge message by
inop. ! operating the nurse call is faulty. touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. The ventilator
functions are not affected.
However, correct operation of
the nurse call cannot be
guaranteed. Disconnect nurse
call from multi-function board.
Multi functional board 200 The multi-functional board for Acknowledge message by
inop. !! operating the nurse call is faulty. touching 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm. The ventilator
functions are not affected.
However, correct operation of
the nurse call cannot be
guaranteed. Disconnect nurse
call from multi-function board.

Problem Solving

MV high !!! 160 The expired minute volume has Check condition of patient,
exceeded the upper alarm limit. check pattern of ventilation,
adjust MV alarm limit if
necessary.
Flow sensor not calibrated. Calibrate flow sensor. Drain
Water in flow sensor. water trap of breathing circuit.
Dry flow sensor or replace.
MV low !!! 160 The minute volume has fallen Check condition of patient,
below the lower alarm limit. check pattern of ventilation,
adjust alarm limit if necessary.
Stenosis or obstruction Flow Check condition of patient,
sensor not calibrated check ventilation pattern, check
tube or mask. Adjust alarm limit
if necessary. Calibrate flow
sensor.
Leakage or disconnection. Check breathing circuit for tight
connections. Check whether the
engaged. Check whether tube
or mask is fitted correctly.
MV low alarm off ! 097 Monitoring of the lower alarm Set alarm limit MV to the
limit for minute volume has been required value again.
deactivated in NIV application.
Nebulization 110 Nebulization is only possible in Select a proper ventilation
interrupted !! pressure controlled ventilation mode. Restart nebulization.
or with AutoFlow. Acknowledge the alarm with
'Alarm Reset' button and
confirm.
Flow sensor not ready for Switch on flow monitoring or
measurement. calibrate sensor or replace flow
sensor or change mode of
ventilation. Restart nebulization.
Acknowledge the alarm with
confirm.
Nebulization 110 Nebulization is only possible in Select a proper ventilation
interrupted !! pressure-controlled ventilation. mode. Restart nebulization.
Acknowledge the alarm with
confirm.

Problem Solving

Nebulizer failure !!! 129 Due to the pneumatic If variation of FiO2 concentration
nebulization process, FiO2 is acceptable for the time of the
concentration varies at least nebulization: Acknowledge
2 Vol.% of the set value. The message by touching 'Alarm
maximum variation can reach Reset' button and confirm. If
30 Vol.%. variation of O2 concentration is
not acceptable or if message
appears repeatedly: Stop
nebulization process.
Nebulizer on ! 070 The medication nebulizer is Switch nebulizer off if
switched on. necessary.
NeoFlow 012 NeoFlow monitoring is defective Calibrate neoflow sensor.
measurement error ! or the sensor lead is not Replace if necessary,
connected. recalibrate. Connect sensor
lead. Call DrägerService.
NeoFlow 228 NeoFlow monitoring is defective Calibrate neoflow sensor.
measurement error !!! or the sensor lead is not Replace if necessary,
connected. recalibrate. Connect sensor
lead. Call DrägerService.
NeoFlow monitoring 100 NeoFlow monitoring off. Switch NeoFlow monitoring on
off ! again.
NeoFlow sensor ?! 012 NeoFlow sensor not installed in Install NeoFlow sensor in the
NeoFlow sensor ?!!! 229 NeoFlow sensor not installed in Install NeoFlow sensor in the
O2 calibration 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
continue ventilation with
another independent ventilator.
O2 measurement out 132 O2 sensor provides invalid Calibrate O2 sensor, replace if
of range !!! measured values. necessary.
O2 measurement malfunction. Ventilation can be continued:
use external O2 monitoring and
deactivate integrated O2
monitoring. Call DrägerService.
O2 monitoring off ! 095 O2 monitoring is switched off. Switch internal O2 monitoring on
again or immediately ensure an
adequate external monitor
function.

Problem Solving

O2 supply down ! 249 O2 supply pressure too low. O2 Make sure supply pressure is
supply is not required when greater than 43.5 psi
FiO2 = 21 Vol.%. (3 cmH2O).
O2 supply down !!! 249 O2 supply pressure too low. Make sure supply pressure is
greater than 43.5 psi
(3 cmH2O).
O2 supply pressure 060 O2 supply pressure too high. O2 Make sure supply pressure is
high ! supply is not required when less than 87 psi (6 cmH2O).
FiO2 = 21 Vol.%.
O2 supply pressure 099 O2 supply pressure too high. Make sure supply pressure is
high !! less than 87 psi (6 cmH2O).
O2 therapy active ! 070 O2 therapy is activated. Switch O2 therapy off. Exit
Standby.
PEEP high !!! 216 Expiratory system obstructed. Check hose system and
exspiration valve (check also for
condensate).
Expiratory resistance is Check bacteria filter. Replace if
increasing. necessary.
Ventilator faulty. Disconnect patient from the
DrägerService.
PEEP valve error !!! 203 Internal PEEP valve faulty. Disconnect patient from the
DrägerService.
Breathing system is open. Check breathing circuit for tight
PEEP can not be maintained. connections. Check whether the
engaged.
Pressure limited ! 080 Pmax pressure limit is active. Check the condition of the
patient. Check pattern of
ventilation. Adjust setting if
necessary.

Problem Solving

Pressure meas. error 170 Fluid in expiratory valve. Replace exhalation valve, then
!!! clean and dry.
Pressure measurement Disconnect patient from the
DrägerService.
Procedure overused 200 Total time of procedures has Acknowledge message by
?!! exceeded 15 minutes within the touching 'Alarm Reset' button
last hour. and confirm. If this message
PSV > 1.5 s ! 180 The PSV cycle has been Test ventilation system for
switched off 3 times after leaks.
1.5 seconds.
PSV > 4 s !!! 148 The PSV cycle has been Test ventilation system for
switched off 3 times after leaks.
4 seconds.
PSV > Ti max ! 180 The PSV phase was Test ventilation system for
deactivated by a time limit. leaks.
Remote computer 076 This message is displayed to Remote control can be
control ! inform the user that Evita is interrupted at any time by
being controlled via PC. pressing the function key
'Remote'.
Remote Control 111 The device has lost the Check cable connection, restart
aborted!! connection to the remote control remote control system and
system reactivate remote control mode
on Evita XL.
Remote Control 076 Remote control is switched on. To switch remote control off,
active! press 'RC' button and confirm
with ~
Rotary knob ~ failed 200 Key can no longer be operated. Disconnect patient from device
!! and continue ventilation
DrägerService.

Problem Solving

Rotary knob ~ 200 Key has been pressed several Acknowledge message by
Standby activated !!! 255 Evita XL has been switched to Acknowledge standby with
standby. 'Alarm Reset' button and
confirm.
Temperature high !!! 090 Breathing gas temperature Switch off humidifier.
higher than 104 °F (40 °C).
Temperature meas. 091 Temperature sensor faulty. Fit new temperature sensor.
error !!!
Temperature sensor 090 Temperature sensor probe has Reconnect probe.
?!!! been disconnected during
operation.
Sensor cable broken. Fit new temperature sensor.
Tidal volume high ! 190 The upper alarm limit of the Check condition of patient.
applied inspiratory tidal volume Check pattern of ventilation.
VTi has been exceeded. Adjust alarm limit if neccessary.
Leak or disconnection. Check that patient circuit and
connections are leakproof.
Tidal volume high !!! 165 The upper alarm limit of the Check condition of patient.
applied inspiratory tidal volume Check pattern of ventilation.
VTi has been exceeded during Adjust alarm limit if neccessary.
three consecutive ventilator
breaths.
Leak or disconnection. Check that patient circuit and
connections are leakproof.
Vol. not const., 220 Due to pressure limit or time Prolong inspiratory time 'Tinsp',
pressure limited !! limit, the set tidal volume VT has increase inspiratory flow 'Flow',
not been delivered. increase pressure limit 'Pmax.
Touch the 'Alarm Reset' button
and confirm to suppress the
visual and audible alarms until
the cause of the alarm is
remedied.

Problem Solving

VTi high alarm off ! 085 The upper alarm limit for the Set alarm limit VTi to the
inspiratory tidal volume VTi has required value.
been deactivated in NIV
application.


Cleaning, Disinfection, and Sterilization
Safety Information for Reprocessing . . . . . . 190
Disassembling Components and

Reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Before disassembling components. . . . . . . . . . 190
CO2 sensor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Temperature sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Neonatal flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Pneumatic medication nebulizer. . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Breathing circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Flow sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Expiratory valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Breathing gas humidifier. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Reprocessing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Machine cleaning and disinfection . . . . . . . . . . 196
Manual cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Manual disinfection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Visual inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Sterilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Reprocessing List for Evita XL . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Re-assembly of Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Assembling reusable expiratory valve . . . . . . . 200
Assembling medication nebulizer . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Assembling breathing gas humidifier . . . . . . . . 200
Before Reusing on Patient. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

Safety Information for Reprocessing
WARNING z Always observe accepted hospital hygiene

protocols!
To avoid risks to hospital staff and patients,
disinfect and clean the device after each use z Reprocess the device after each patient.
(wear protective clothing, eye protection,
etc.).
Disassembling Components and Reprocessing
Before disassembling components Reprocessing CO2 sensor and test filter

1 Wipe off any soiling with cotton swabs or
1 Switch off both device and breathing gas disposable tissue, particularly on the inside and
humidifier, and remove their power plugs from outside of the windows.
wall outlets.
2 Reprocess CO2 sensor and test filter in
2 Drain water traps and breathing circuit. accordance with the reprocessing list, see
3 Empty water container of the breathing gas page 198.
humidifier.
Reprocessing reusable cuvette
CO2 sensor CAUTION

Only reusable cuvettes (part no. 6870279 or
Disassembling CO2 sensor 6870280) can be reprocessed. The disposable
cuvette is not resistant to heat and would be
1 Unplug sensor connector at the back of destroyed. Dispose of disposable cuvettes.
Evita XL.
1 Wipe off any soiling with cotton swabs or
disposable tissue, particularly on the inside and
A outside of the windows, if necessary under
running water.
2 Reprocess reusable cuvette in accordance with
C B
the reprocessing list, see page 198.
068
2 Remove CO2 sensor (A) from cuvette.

3 Remove CO2 sensor cuvette (B) from Y-piece.
4 Remove ET-tube connector (C) from cuvette.

Temperature sensor Neonatal flow sensor
Removing temperature sensor Disassembling neonatal flow sensor

1 Unplug sensor connector at the back of 1 Unplug sensor connector at the back of
Evita XL. Evita XL.
A C
D
B
069
107
2 Remove temperature sensor (A) from Y-piece
or from its mounting on the pediatric breathing 2 Disconnect the flow sensor cable (A) from the
circuit. Do not pull on cable. neonatal flow sensor.
3 Press the buttons (B) on both sides while pulling
Reprocessing temperature sensor the flow sensor insert (C) out of its housing.
z Reprocess temperature sensor in accordance 4 Pull housing (D) out of the Y-piece.
with the reprocessing list, see page 198.
CAUTION Reprocessing neonatal flow sensor

The temperature sensor is not designed for Regularly check flow sensor housing and flow
disinfection in a washer-disinfector or for bath sensor insert for damage and contamination (visual
disinfection. Liquid can penetrate into the sensor inspection).
and cause malfunction!
WARNING
Any residue of dried mucus or medication
aerosols will impair measurement accuracy.
Discontinue use if there are visible deposits
on the flow sensor housing or flow sensor
insert.
z Reprocess the flow sensor insert immediately

after each use.
z Assemble flow sensor insert as specified in its
Instructions for Use.
z Reprocess housing of the neonatal flow sensor
in accordance with the reprocessing list, see
page 198.

z Inspect visually for residues of dried mucus, Pneumatic medication nebulizer

medication aerosols, or fluff, especially on the
measuring wires and their pins. Install a new
flow sensor insert in the event of any visible Disassembling medication nebulizer after use
deposits that were not removed during in the Adult patient category
reprocessing.
WARNING
Contamination may lead to deviations during
flow measurement and to destruction of the B A
flow sensor.
070
WARNING
Following disinfection with highly flammable 1 Detach nebulizer hose (A) from the medication
substances, air the housing and insert of the nebulizer (B) and from the nebulizer port on the
neonatal flow sensor for at least 30 minutes. device.
Vapors could otherwise ignite when the flow 2 Remove medication nebulizer (B) from the
sensor is connected. Fire hazard and danger breathing circuit.
to the patient!
3 Disassemble medication nebulizer in
accordance with relevant Instructions for Use.
Sterilizing neonatal flow sensor
z After drying, sterilize neonatal flow sensor in hot Disassembling medication nebulizer after use
steam (134 °C (273 °F) for at least 10 minutes). in the Pediatric and Neonatal patient categories
CAUTION
The neonatal flow sensor is not suitable for E D C
plasma or radiation sterilization. These methods
could damage the thin wires in the flow sensor.
B A
071
1 Detach nebulizer hose (A) from the medication

nebulizer (B) and from the nebulizer port on the
device.
2 Remove medication nebulizer (B) from the
breathing circuit.
3 Pull catheter connector (C) (tapered ISO
connector ∅15/ ∅11) from the nebulizer inlet.
4 Pull adapter (D) (tapered ISO connector ∅22/
∅11) from of the nebulizer outlet.
5 Pull corrugated hose (E) from the adapter (D).
6 Disassemble medication nebulizer in
accordance with relevant Instructions for Use.

Reprocessing medication nebulizer and 1 Remove breathing hoses from ventilator ports
adapter parts (A).
z Reprocess the individual parts of the
medication nebulizer in accordance with its
Instructions for Use.
z Reprocess adapter parts in accordance with
reprocessing list, see page 198.
Breathing circuit
Removing breathing circuit
073
D CAUTION
When removing breathing hoses, always grasp
hoses by their sleeve, never by the hose itself, to
avoid tearing the breathing hose at the sleeve or
A Evita XL ripping it out of the sleeve.
0.4m 2 Remove water traps (B) from the breathing

1.1m hoses.
0.6m
0.6m 3 Remove collection containers from the water
traps.
B Reprocessing breathing circuit

201
z Reprocess breathing hoses, water traps, and

associated collection containers, as well as the
Y-piece in accordance with the reprocessing
list, see page 198.
Flow sensor
Removing flow sensor

1 Tilt control panel upwards: Press down the
segments on the right and left, and at the same
time tilt the control panel upwards.
2 Open flow sensor flap.

Expiratory valve
Removing expiratory valve
B A
C 074
075
3 Push flow sensor (C) as far as possible to the
left and remove it. 1 Push the catch (A) to the right while
2 at the same time pulling out the expiratory valve
Reprocessing flow sensor (B).
z Reprocess flow sensor as specified in its CAUTION

Instructions for Use. Only the white reusable expiratory valve may be
z Inspect visually for residues of dried mucus, reprocessed.
medication aerosols, or fluff, especially on the Dispose of the blue disposable expiratory valve
measuring wires and their pins. Dispose of the as infectious special waste.
flow sensor in the event of any visible deposits
that were not removed during reprocessing. 3 If using the reusable expiratory valve, remove
the optional collection container (C) from the
WARNING water trap.
Contamination may lead to deviations during
flow measurement and to destruction of the
flow sensor.
WARNING
After disinfecting with highly flammable
substances, air the flow sensor for at least
30 minutes or rinse with sterile water.
Otherwise, vapors could ignite during C
calibration. Fire hazard!
076
The flow sensor may be reused as long as

automatic calibration is possible.

Disassembling reusable expiratory valve After manual disinfection

Only disassemble expiratory valve if it is severely 1 Thoroughly rinse reusable expiratory valve and,
soiled. if necessary, its individual parts with clear
water, preferably from a soft water supply.
077
z Unscrew cap by hand and remove together with

the diaphragm assembly.
Do not disassemble expiratory valve any further.
078
Reprocessing reusable expiratory valve
2 Thoroughly shake off any residual water.
z Reprocess collection containers of the water
trap, expiratory valve and, if necessary, cap and 3 Allow parts to dry thoroughly.
diaphragm assembly in accordance with the
reprocessing list, see page 198. Sterilizing reusable expiratory valve
z After drying, sterilize reusable expiratory valve
in hot steam (134 °C (273 °F) for at least
10 minutes). Otherwise liquid may remain in the
pressure measuring line and impair correct
functioning.
z Place the open expiratory valve in the tray in
such a way that it cannot be damaged by other
parts.
Breathing gas humidifier
z Disassemble and reprocess in accordance with

relevant Instructions for Use.

Reprocessing Procedure
Machine cleaning and disinfection Cleaning agents

The material compatibility of reusable Dräger
Use a washer-disinfector in accordance with EN accessories has been tested with various mildly
ISO 15883, preferably with a cart for anesthesia alkaline and enzymatic cleaning agents, and at
and ventilation accessories, for automatic cleaning 93 °C (199.4 °F) for 10 minutes.
and disinfection. Use mild alkaline or enzymatic
(with neutral pH) cleaning agents. The user must The following cleaning agents showed good
strictly observe the manufacturer’s information on material compatibility at the time of the test:
the cleaning agent. – Neodisher Medizym from Dr. Weigert
– Sekumatic MultiClean from Ecolab
Placing parts in the washer-disinfector The user must be sure to observe the
manufacturers information on the cleaning agent
z Place parts in washer-disinfector. Observe exactly.
instructions for use of washer-disinfector.
z Position parts so that all interior spaces are
completely flushed (e.g., hoses) and water can Manual cleaning
drain off freely.
If no washer-disinfector is available, clean parts
manually under running water with commercially
Cleaning program
available cleaning agents. The user must be sure to
z Select suitable program (preferably anesthesia observe the manufacturers information on the
program). Cleaning is carried out at 40 to 60 °C cleaning agent exactly.
(104 to 140 °F) for at least 5 minutes.
1 Wash off soiling on surface under running
water.
Thermal disinfection
2 Use cleaning agents in accordance with
1 Thermal disinfection is carried out at 80 to 95 °C manufacturers specifications. Make sure that all
(176 to 203 °F) and with corresponding contact surfaces to be cleaned can be efficiently
time. reached (e.g. inside hoses). Use suitable
brushes if necessary.
2 Carry out final rinsing with deionized water.
Do not use brushes for the flow sensor.
Observe the relevant instructions for use.
After completion of cleaning and disinfection
program 3 Rinse parts sufficiently under running water
until no cleaning agent residues can be
1 Immediately remove parts from washer-
recognized.
disinfector.
4 Check parts for visible soiling and damage.
2 Inspect parts for visible soiling and damage. If
Repeat manual cleaning if necessary.
necessary, repeat cycle or clean manually.
3 Allow parts to dry thoroughly.

Manual disinfection Disinfecting components or accessories

1 Disinfect parts by immersing.
Manual disinfection can be carried out preferably
with disinfectants based on aldehydes or 2 Sufficiently rinse parts under running water until
quaternary ammonia compounds. The efficiency of no disinfectant residues can be recognized.
the disinfectants used must be proven. Observe the 3 Inspect parts for visible soiling and damage.
applicable country-specific listings. The list of the Repeat manual disinfection if necessary.
Association for Applied Hygiene (VAH List) applies
in German-speaking countries. The user must 4 Thoroughly shake out residual water and allow
strictly observe the manufacturer’s information on parts to dry thoroughly.
the cleaning agent.
Visual inspection
Disinfectants
The material compatibility of Dräger accessories to z Inspect all parts for damage and wear, e.g.
be reprocessed has been tested with various cracking, embrittlement or major hardening and
disinfectants. residual soiling.
The following disinfectants showed good material CAUTION
compatibility at the time of the test:
Even accessories designed to be reused
Surface disinfectants (for device surfaces) (e.g. after reprocessing) have a limited service
– Buraton 10 F from Schülke & Mayr, life. Due to a number of factors connected with
Norderstedt handling and reprocessing (e.g.disinfectant
Instrument disinfectants (for components or residues can attack the material more intensely
accessories): during autoclaving), increased wear can occur
– Gigasept FF from Schülke & Mayr, Norderstedt and the service life can be markedly shortened.
– Korsolex Extra from Bode Chemie, Hamburg These parts must be replaced if signs of wear
become visible, such as cracks, deformation,
The composition of the disinfectant is the discoloration, peeling, etc.
responsibility of the manufacturer and can change
over time.
Sterilization
Disinfecting surfaces
Use a vacuum steam sterilizer (in accordance with
WARNING DIN EN 285), preferably with fractional vacuum, for
Penetrating liquid may lead to failure of the sterilization.
device or damage to the device and endanger z Hot steam sterilization can be carried at 134 °C
the patient! Only disinfect parts by wiping and (273 °F). Observe instructions for use of device.
make sure no liquids penetrate into the
device.
z Following manual cleaning, carry out surface

disinfection.
z Remove disinfectant residues.

Reprocessing List for Evita XL
Applicable to non-infectious patients. The list is merely intended as an approximate

guide. The instructions of the hospital´s hygiene
WARNING officer shall prevail and must be observed by the
For infectious patients, all parts that conduct user!
breathing gas must be additionally sterilized
after disinfection and cleaning.
Components which Recommended Machine Manual Sterilization

can be reprocessed reprocessing cleaning and Cleaning Disinfection
intervals disinfection
Evita XL basic device after each no outside outside no
patient
Trolley after each no outside outside no
Hinged arm patient
Gas supply hose

Breathing hoses after each yes possible possible yes
Y-piece patient/weekly
Water traps
Collection containers
Adapter parts for the
medication nebulizer
Reusable expiratory after each yes possible possible2) yes
valve and, if necessary, patient/weekly1)
individual parts
Disposable expiratory Dispose of after each patient/weekly
valve
Spirolog flow sensor daily no outside yes3) no
3)
SpiroLife flow sensor daily no outside yes yes
4)
Neonatal flow sensor daily no outside yes yes
insert
Neonatal flow sensor daily yes possible possible yes
housing
Temperature sensor daily no outside outside5) yes
CO2 sensor daily no outside outside6) no
Reusable cuvette of the daily yes possible possible yes
CO2 sensor
Disposable cuvette of Dispose of after each patient/weekly
the CO2 sensor

Components which Recommended Machine Manual Sterilization

can be reprocessed reprocessing cleaning and Cleaning Disinfection
intervals disinfection
Test filter for CO2 sensor daily no outside6) outside no
Breathing gas humidifier after each In accordance with separate Instructions for Use
patient/weekly
Medication nebulizer In accordance with separate Instructions for Use
Bacterial filter In accordance with separate Instructions for Use
1) Nebulizing may lead to formation of more extensive deposits requiring more frequent replacement.
2) Additionally treat the expiratory valve after disinfection, see page 195.
3) See page 194.
4) See page 191.
5) Do not bath-disinfect.
6) Do not bath-disinfect. Wipe-disinfect, e.g., with 70 % ethanol. For additional information, see page 190.

Re-assembly of Parts
Assembling reusable expiratory valve
1 The parts of the expiratory valve must be

completely dry to prevent malfunctions.
2 The diaphragm assembly (A) consists of the
diaphragm, the sealing washer, and the
aluminum disk.
D
A
081
5 Attach collection container (D) of water trap.
B Assembling medication nebulizer
z Assemble medication nebulizer as specified in

its Instructions for Use. For installation details,
see page 96.
079
3 Hold cap (B) by the grip part and place Assembling breathing gas humidifier
diaphragm precisely on the collar of the cap.
Ensure correct position of the diaphragm
z Assemble breathing gas humidifier as specified
assembly.
in its Instructions for Use. For installation
details, see page 55.
B
080
4 Insert cap (B) with diaphragm assembly on top

into the housing (C) from below and screw in
tightly.

Before Reusing on Patient
1 Assemble ventilator, see "Preparation"

on page 43.
2 Perform readiness for operation checks,
"Checking Readiness for Operation"
on page 70.


Maintenance
Maintenance
Maintenance Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Replacing cooling air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Removing and reinserting ambient air
intake filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Removing and reinserting filter for patient
part heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Cleaning protective grid for patient part
heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Maintenance
Maintenance Intervals
CAUTION
Clean and disinfect device or device parts before
each maintenance step, and also when returning
for repair.
The following table provides an overview of the

maintenance intervals for Evita XL.
O2 sensor Replace when the following message is displayed:

O2 measurement out of range !!!
and when calibration is no longer possible
For disposal see page 208.
Ambient air filter, Clean or replace after 4 weeks, see page 205.
cooling air filter, and Replace after 1 year.
filter for patient part heater
Disposal with normal domestic waste.
Filters in the compressed gas inlets To be replaced after 2 years by DrägerService or properly
trained service personnel.
Protective grid for patient part heater Clean after 4 weeks.
Dirt blocks the air inlet and reduces the heating output.
Diaphragm and sealing washer of To be replaced after 1 year by DrägerService or factory-
the expiratory valve (not applicable trained and authorized technical service personnel.
for disposable expiratory valve)
Lithium battery for data backup To be replaced after 2 years by DrägerService or factory-
trained and authorized technical service personnel.
For disposal see page 208.
Internal battery of DC power pack Must be serviced in conjunction with half-yearly inspections.
To be replaced by DrägerService or factory-trained and
authorized technical service personnel after 2 years at the
latest.
Check battery capacity every 6 months.
Replace battery if necessary.
External battery Must be serviced in conjunction with half-yearly inspections.
Check battery capacity every 6 months.
Replace battery if necessary.
Clock module To be replaced after 6 years by DrägerService or factory-
trained and authorized technical service personnel.
Pressure reducer To be replaced after 6 years by DrägerService.

Maintenance
Fans for cooling the electronic To be replaced by DrägerService or factory-trained and

components of the pneumatic authorized technical service personnel after 6 years or after a
system maximum of 33000 hours of operation - whichever occurs first.
Equipment inspection and service half-yearly by DrägerService or factory-trained and authorized
technical service personnel
Filters
Replacing cooling air filter Removing and reinserting ambient air

intake filter
Clean if soiled or after 4 weeks at the latest.
Replace after 1 year at the latest. Clean after 4 weeks.
Replace after 1 year at the latest.
A B
A
083
082
1 If necessary, swivel port (A) to the left.

1 Remove cooling air filter (A) from its frame on
the back panel of Evita XL. 2 Loosen screw (B) with a coin and remove
protective cover.
2 Replace cooling air filter or clean in warm water
with detergent added; dry well.
3 Insert cooling air filter in its frame, taking care
not to crease it.
z Dispose of used cooling air filter with domestic
waste. C
084
3 Remove ambient air filter (C) from the

protective cover.
4 Slide the cleaned or new ambient air filter under
the tabs.
5 Fit protective cover and tighten screw with a
coin.

Maintenance
z Dispose of used ambient air filter with domestic

waste.
Removing and reinserting filter for

patient part heater
The filter is required in order to remove coarse

contamination and dust particles from the ambient
air.
Clean or replace if soiled, or after 4 weeks at the
latest.
Replace after 1 year at the latest.
A
085
The filter (A) is located on the underside of the

device next to the expiratory valve.
1 Remove the filter (A) from the housing.
2 Insert a new or cleaned filter in the housing.
z Dispose of used filter with domestic waste.
Cleaning protective grid for patient part

heater
Clean if dirty or at least after 4 weeks.

z Remove dirt on the protective grid using a
disposable tissue. Do not let any moisture get
into the device!

Disposal
Disposal
Disposal of batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of O2 sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of a neonatal flow sensor . . . . . . . 208
Disposal of the medical device . . . . . . . . . . . 208

Disposal
Disposal of batteries
WARNING The medical device battery contains pollutant

substances.
Risk of explosion! Do not throw in fire.
The applicable local regulations for battery disposal
Risk of corrosion! Do not open using force.
must be observed in all countries.
z Do not re-charge batteries.
Disposal of O2 sensor
WARNING O2 sensors must be disposed of as special waste:

Do not throw O2 sensors into a fire! Risk of z Follow all local, state, and federal regulations
explosion. Do not force O2 sensors open! with respect to environmental protection when
Danger of bodily injury. disposing of waste. For information consult your
local environmental agency, local government
offices or appropriate waste disposal
companies.
Disposal of a neonatal flow sensor
z Should be disposed of as infectious special

waste. Can be incinerated with minimal
pollution at temperatures above 800 °C
(1472 °F)
Disposal of the medical device
When disposing of the medical device:

z Consult the relevant waste disposal company
for appropriate disposal.
Observe the applicable local regulations.
NOTE
Because the battery installed in Evita XL is
considered hazardous waste, the internal DC
battery must be removed by DrägerService or
properly trained service personnel before the
ventilator may be disposed of.

Technical Data
Technical Data
Environmental Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
APRV Airway Pressure Release

Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
ATC Automatic Tube Compensation . . . . . . 212
O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Power Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Display of Measured Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Computed Value Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Operating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Device Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
DC Power Pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
LUST Protocol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

Telegram control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Identification telegram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Status telegram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Data telegram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Alarm telegram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
EMC Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Electromagnetic emissions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Electromagnetic immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Recommended separation distances . . . . . . . . 238

Technical Data
Environmental Conditions
During operation
Temperature 10 to 40 °C (50 to 104 °F)
Atmospheric pressure 700 to 1060 hPa
Rel. humidity 5 to 90 % without condensation
During storage and transportation
Temperature –20 to 60 °C (–4 to 140 °F)
Atmospheric pressure 500 to 1060 hPa
Rel. humidity 5 to 95 % without condensation
Settings
Adult and Pediatric patient categories

Respiratory rate f 0 to 100 bpm
Inspiratory time Tinsp 0.1 to 10 s
Tidal volume VT
Pediatric patient category 0.02 to 0.3 L, BTPS1)
Accuracy ±10 % of set value, or ±10 mL, whichever is
greater
Adult patient category 0.1 to 2.0 L, BTPS
Accuracy ±10 % of set value, or ±25 mL, whichever is
greater
Inspiratory flow Flow
Pediatric patient category 6 to 30 L/min
Adult patient category 6 to 120 L/min
Inspiratory pressure Pinsp 0 to 95 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Inspiratory pressure limit Pmax 0 to 100 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
O2 concentration 21 to 100 Vol.%
Accuracy ±5 % of set value, or ±2 Vol.%, whichever is
greater
Positive end-expiratory pressure PEEP or
intermittent PEEP 0 to 50 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Trigger sensitivity 0.3 to 15 L/min
Pressure support ΔPSupp 0 to 95 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Rise time for pressure support 0 to 2 s

Technical Data
Independent lung ventilation ILV

Master with trigger/without trigger
Slave synchr. / asynchr. / inverse I : E
Neonatal patient category

Respiratory rate f
Range 0 to 10 bpm
Resolution 0.5 bpm
Range 10 to 150 bpm
Resolution 1 bpm
Inspiratory time Tinsp (CPAP; CPAP/ PSupp)
Range 0.1 to 1 s
Resolution 0.05 s
Range 0.1 to 10 s
Resolution 0.1 s
Tidal volume VT
Range 3 to 100 ml, BTPS1)
Resolution 1 mL
Accuracy ±8 % of set value, or 15 mL, whichever is
greater
Trigger sensitivity
Range 0.3 to 5 L/min
Resolution 0.1 L/min
Range 5 to 15 L/min
Weight of patient
Range 0.5 to 6 kg (1.1 lbs to 13.2 lbs)
Resolution 0.1 kg (0.2 lb)
1) BTPS: Body Temperature, Pressure, Saturated

Measured values based on the conditions of the patient lungs:
body temperature 37 °C (98.6 °F), water-vapor saturated gas, ambient pressure.

Technical Data
APRV Airway Pressure Release Ventilation
Inspiratory time Thigh

Range 0.1 to 10 s
Resolution 0.1 s
Range 10 to 30 s
Resolution 1s
Expiratory time Tlow
Range 0.1 to 10 s
Resolution 0.05 s
Range 10 to 30 s
Resolution 1s
Inspiratory pressure Phigh
Range 0 to 95 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Resolution 1 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Expiratory pressure Plow
Range 0 to 50 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
ATC Automatic Tube Compensation
Adult patient category

Inside tube diameter (ID ∅)
Range 5 to 12 mm (0.20 to 0.47 inch)
Resolution 0.5 mm
Degree of compensation (Comp.)
Range 0 to 100 %
Resolution 1%
Pediatric patient category
Range 2.5 to 8 mm (0.08 to 0.31 inch)
Resolution 0.5 mm
Range 0 to 100 %
Resolution 1%

Technical Data

Range 2.5 to 5 mm (0.08 to 0.20 inch)
Resolution 0.5 mm
Range 0 to 100 %
Resolution 1%
O2 Therapy
Settings
Continuous Flow 2 to 50 L/min
O2 concentration 21 to 100 Vol.%
Accuracy ±5 % of set value, or ±2 Vol.%, whichever is
greater
Power Characteristics
Adult and Pediatric patient categories

Control principle time-cycled, volume-constant, pressure-
controlled
Intermittent PEEP frequency 2 cycles every 3 minutes
Medication nebulization for 30 minutes
Bronchial suctioning
Disconnection detection automatic
Reconnection detection automatic
Preoxygenation max. 3 minutes
Active suction phase max. 2 minutes
Postoxygenation 2 minutes
Supply system for spontaneous breathing and adaptive CPAP system with high initial flow
PSupp.
Max. inspiratory flow 180 L/min

Technical Data
Device compliance
with Fisher & Paykel humidifier and adult
breathing circuit <1.5 mL/mbar (<1.5 mL/cmH2O)
Inspiratory resistance
following device failure with Fisher & Paykel
humidifier, without CO2 cuvette <6 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 60 L/min
Expiratory resistance
during operation without CO2 cuvette <4.3 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 60 L/min
following device failure without CO2 cuvette <3.7 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 60 L/min
Dead space volume including CO2 cuvette approx. 9 mL

Control principle Basic flow with demand system, pressure-
regulated, time-controlled
Basic flow 6 L/min (can be changed by DrägerService to
9 L/min)
Basic flow during medication nebulization 9 L/min
Insp. flow up to 30 L/min

Exp. flow (measuring range) up to 30 L/min
Device compliance
with Fisher & Paykel humidifier and pediatric
breathing circuit <1 mL/cmH2O
Inspiratory resistance
during operation with Fisher & Paykel 0 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) (basic flow) at
humidifier 5 L/min
following device failure with Fisher & Paykel <1.5 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 5 L/min
humidifier
Expiratory resistance
during operation <3 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 5 L/min
following device failure <1.1 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O) at 5 L/min
Dead space volume

Neonatal flow sensor for ISO 15 incl. Y-piece <2 mL

Technical Data
Adult, Pediatric, and Neonatal patient

categories
Additional Function
Inspiratory relief valve opens if medical air supply fails
(pressure <1.2 bar (17.4 psi)),
enables spontaneous breathing with filtered
ambient air.
Safety valve opens the breathing system at 100+5 mbar (or
hPa, or cmH2O)
Display of Measured Values
Airway pressure measurement

Max. airway pressure Ppeak
Plateau pressure Pplat
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure PEEP
Mean airway pressure Pmean
Min. airway pressure Pmin
Range –45 to 110 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Accuracy 2 % (4 % when displayed in cmH2O)
O2 measurement in main flow (inspiratory side)

Inspiratory O2 concentration FiO2
Range 15 to 100 Vol.%
Resolution 1 Vol.%
Accuracy ±3 Vol.%
Flow measurement with Spirolog and SpiroLife

flow sensors
Minute volume MV
Spontaneously breathed minute volume MVspn
Range 0 to 120 L/min, BTPS1)
Resolution 0.1 L/min, or,
for values less than 1 L/min: 0.01 L/min
Accuracy ±8 % of measured value
T10...90 approx. 35 s

Technical Data
Tidal volume VTe

Spontaneously breathed tidal volume
Range 0 to 6 L, BTPS1)
Resolution 1 mL
Tidal volume VT PSupp
Inspiratory tidal volume during a PSupp. breath
Range 0 to 6 L, BTPS1)
Resolution 1 mL
Flow-measurement with neonatal flow sensor

8411130
Range 0.25 to 30 L/min
Minute volume MV (without leakage correction)
Range 0 to 9.9 L/min, BTPS
Range 10 to 99 L/min, BTPS
Accuracy ±8 % of measured value or 1 mL x f, whichever
is greater
T10...90 approx. 35 s
Spontaneous breathed minute volume MVspn

(without leakage correction)
Accuracy ±8 % of measured value or 1 mL x fspn,
whichever is greater
T10...90 approx. 35 s
Leakage minute volume MVleak
T10...90 approx. 35 s

Technical Data
Tidal volume VTe

Range 0 to 999 mL, BTPS
Resolution 0.1 mL
Resolution 10 mL
Accuracy ±8 % of measured value, or 1 mL, whichever is
greater
Tidal volume VTi, VT
Resolution 1 mL
Resolution 10 mL
Accuracy ±8 % of measured value, or 1 mL, whichever is
greater
Respiratory rate ftotal

Spontaneous respiratory rate fspn
Mechanical respiratory rate fmand
Range 0 to 300 bpm
Resolution 1 bpm
Accuracy ±1 bpm
T10...90 approx. 35 s
Taue
Range 0 to 30 s
Resolution 0.01 s
Accuracy ±20 %
Breathing gas temperature measurement

Range 18 to 51 °C (64.5 to 123.8 °F)
Resolution 1 °C
Accuracy ±1 °C
CO2 measurement in main flow

End-expiratory CO2 concentration etCO2
Range 0 to 100 mmHg, or
0 to 15 Vol.%2), or
0 to 13.3 kPa
Resolution 1 mmHg, or 0.1 Vol.%, or 0.1 kPa

Technical Data
Accuracy
for 0 to 40 mmHg ±2 mmHg
for 40 to 100 mmHg ±5 % of measured value
T10...90 ≤25 ms
Warm-up time max. 3 minutes
CO2 production CO2
Range 0 to 999 mL/min, STPD3)
Resolution 1 mL/min
T10...90 12 minutes
Serial dead space Vds

Range 0 to 999 mL, BTPS1)
Resolution 0.1 mL
Accuracy ±10 % of measured value, or ±10 mL,
whichever is greater
Dead space ventilation Vds/VT
Range 0 to 99 %
Resolution 1%
1) BTPS: Body Temperature, Pressure, Saturated. Measured values based on the conditions of the patient lungs: body
temperature 37 °C (98.6 °F), water-vapor saturated gas, ambient pressure.
2) Depending on ambient and ventilation pressure, the actual upper value, when indicated in Vol.%, can be lower than the
upper value displayed.
3) STPD: Standard Temperature, Pressure, Dry. Measured values based on standardized physical conditions: 0 °C (32 °F),
1013 hPa, dry gas
Computed Value Displays
Compliance C
Range 0 to 300 mL/cmH2O (0 to 300 mL/mbar)
Resolution
Range 0 to 99.9 mL/cmH2O 0.1 mL/cmH2O (0.1 mL/mbar)
Range 100 to 300 mL/cmH2O 1 mL/cmH2O (1 mL/mbar)
Accuracy ±20 % of measured value1)

Technical Data
Resistance R
Range 0 to 600 cmH2O/L/s (0 to 600 mbar/L/s)
Resolution
Range 0 to 99.9 cmH2O/L/s 0.1 cmH2O/L/s (0.1 mbar/L/s)
Range 100 to 600 cmH2O/L/s 1 cmH2O/L/s (1 mbar/L/s)
Accuracy ±20 % of measured value2)
Leakage minute volume MVleak

Resolution 0.1 L/min or,
for values less than 0.1 L/min: 0.01 L/min
T10...90 approx. 35 s
Rapid Shallow Breathing RSBi

Range 0 to 9999 1/(min x L)
Resolution 1/(min x L)
Accuracy see measurement of VT and f
Negative Inspiratory Force NIF

Range –45 to 0 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Accuracy ±2 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Waveform displays
Airway pressure PAW (t) –10 to 100 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Flow (t) –200 to 200 L/min
Volume V (t) 0 to 2000 mL
Exp. CO2 concentration FCO2 0 to 100 mmHg or
0 to 14 kPa or
0 to 15 Vol.%
Occlusion pressure P 0.1 0 to 25 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
1) C values may be considerably falsified as spontaneous breathing increases. Compliance with the measuring accuracy
therefore cannot be guaranteed for spontaneous breathing.
2) R values may be considerably falsified as spontaneous breathing increases. Compliance with the measuring accuracy
therefore cannot be guaranteed for spontaneous breathing.

Technical Data
Monitoring
Expiratory minute volume MV

Alarm at upper alarm limit if the upper alarm limit has been exceeded
Setting range 41 to 1 L/min, in 0.1 L/min increments
0.99 to 0.01 L/min, in 0.01 L/min increments
Setting range for NIV 60 to 1 L/min, in 0.1 L/min increments
Alarm at lower alarm limit if the value has fallen below the lower alarm limit
Setting range 40 to 1 L/min, in 0.1 L/min increments
0.99 to 0.01 L/min, in 0.01 L/min increments
Airway pressure PAW

Alarm at upper alarm limit if the PAW value has been exceeded.
Setting range 10 to 100 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)
Alarm at lower alarm limit if the value "PEEP +5 mbar (or hPa, or cmH2O)"
(linked to the value set for PEEP) is not
exceeded for at least 96 ms in 2 successive
ventilator breaths.
Insp. O2 concentration FiO2

Alarm at upper alarm limit if FiO2 exceeds the upper alarm limit for at least
20 seconds.
Alarm at lower alarm limit if FiO2 falls below the lower alarm limit for at
least 20 seconds.
Range both alarm limits are automatically linked to the
set value: below 60 Vol.% with ±4 Vol.%, above
60 Vol.% with ±6 Vol.%
End-expiratory CO2 concentration etCO2

Alarm at upper alarm limit if the upper alarm limit has been exceeded or if
the maximum value of the measuring range has
been reached
Setting range 1 to 98 mmHg, or
0.1 to 15 Vol.%, or
0.1 to 13.2 kPa
Alarm at lower alarm limit if the value has fallen below the lower alarm limit

Technical Data
Setting range 0 to 97 mmHg, or

0 to 14.9 Vol.%, or
0 to 13.1 kPa
Insp. breathing gas temperature

Alarm at upper alarm limit if temperature reaches 40 °C (104 °F) (Evita XL
may also be used without temperature sensor if
the sensor is not connected on switching on)
WARNING
We strongly recommend using the
electronic temperature monitoring feature of
the ventilator if no proximal airway
temperature monitoring is performed by the
humidifier used.
Respiratory rate fspn
Alarm during spontaneous breathing, when the
spontaneous respiratory rate has been
exceeded.
Setting range 5 to 120 bpm
Volume monitoring
Alarm at lower alarm limit if the set tidal volume VT (linked with the set
value VT) has not been applied.
Alarm at upper alarm limit if the applied tidal volume exceeds the value of
the alarm limit, inspiration is interrupted and the
expiratory valve is opened.
Setting range
Adults and pediatrics 21 to 4000 mL
Neonates 4 to 4000 mL
Apnea alarm delay time

Alarm if no breathing activity is detected
Setting range 5 to 60 seconds, adjustable in 1 second
increments.

Technical Data
Operating Data
Mains power connection 100 V to 240 V

50/60 Hz
Current consumption 3.2 A to 1.2 A
Power input typically approx. 125 W
Device fuses
Range 100 V to 240 V F 5 H 250 V IEC 127-2 (2x), subject to technical
alterations, device markings must be observed.
Protection class
Device Class I
CO2 sensor (sensor connected) Type BF
Temperature sensor (sensor connected) Type BF
Expiratory valve and breathing circuit Type BF
Neonatal flow sensor (sensor connected) Type BF
Gas supply
O2 gage pressure 3 bar (43.5 psi) –10 % to
5.5 bar (79.8 psi) +10 %
at 60 L/min (peak flow 200 L/min)
O2 connection thread M 12 x 1, female
Air gage pressure 3 bar (43.5 psi) –10 % to
5.5 bar (79.8 psi) +10 %
at 60 L/min (peak flow 200 L/min)
Air connection thread M 20 x 1.5, male
Dew point 5 °C (41 °F) below ambient temperature
Oil concentration <0.1 mg/m3
Particle size Dust-free air (filtered with filter size <1 µm)
Gas consumption of control system Medical air or O2 approx. 3.6 L/min

Outlet for pneumatic medication nebulizer Medical air or O2 max. 2 bar (29 psi),
max. 10 L/min
Automatic gas switch-over if one gas fails (inlet pressure <1.5 bar
(21.8 psi)), the device switches to the other gas.

Technical Data
Sound pressure level (for free-field measurement

over a reflecting surface in acc. with ISO 3744)
Sound pressure level during operation max. 47 dB (A)
Sound pressure level for alarm enunciator1) 60 to 85 dB(A), adjustable in 16 increments
(loudspeaker)
Sound pressure level for power failure alarm2) 70 to 85 dB(A)
Dimensions (W x H x D)
Basic device 530 x 315 x 450 mm (20.9 x 12.4 x 17.7 inches)
Device with Evita XL Mobil trolley 580 x 1375 x 780 mm
(22.8 x 54.1 x 30.7 inches)
Device with EvitaMobil trolley 580 x 1370 x 660 mm
(22.8 x 53.9 x 26.0 inches)
Device with EvitaMobil trolley with column 580 x 1420 x 660 mm
extension (22.8 x 55.9 x 26.0 inches)
Weight
Basic device (incl. shelf) approx. 29 kg (64 lbs)
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

Evita XL IEC 60601-1-2:2004 / EN 60601-1-2:2006
Evita 4 or Evita 2 dura retrofitted to Evita XL IEC 60601-1-2:2004 / EN 60601-1-2:2006
effective from production year 20053)
Evita 4 or Evita 2 dura retrofitted to Evita XL up to IEC 60601-1-2:1993 / EN 60601-1-2:1993
production year 20043) included and
FDA Reviewer Guidance for premarket
notification submissions;
draft: 1993/1995
Alarm systems IEC 60601-1-8:2006 only applies to devices

with the Audio paused 2 min. key
Exceptions:
– Deviations in the tone sequences can only
be detected by measurement techniques.
– Start-up settings are protected by an access
code against inadvertent modifications.
Since the access code is indicated in these
Instructions for Use, modifications are not
restricted to the responsible organization.

Technical Data
Classification as per EC Directive 93/42/EEC II b

Annex IX
UMDNS code
Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System -
Nomenclature for medical devices
Evita XL 17-429
Evita XL Neo 14-361
1) Measured in acc. with IEC 60601-1-8 at the front at a height of 1.5 m (59.1 inch) and a distance of 1 m (39.4 inch)
2) Measured in acc. with IEC 60601-1-8 at the back at a height of 1.5 m (59.1 inch) and a distance of 1 m (39.4 inch)
3) The production year is stated on the rating plate from 2001 onwards.

Technical Data
Materials Used
Part Appearance Material

Breathing hose milky, transparent silicone rubber
Water trap yellow, transparent polysulphone
Y-piece yellow, transparent polysulphone
Connector for temperature milky, transparent silicone rubber
measurement
Temperature sensor and cable milky/green or blue silicone rubber
Expiratory valve (housing, closure) white polyamide
Diaphragm whitish and gray silicone rubber and
aluminum
Reusable adult cuvette of CO2 sensor yellow, transparent polysulphone with glass
windows
Reusable pediatric cuvette of CO2 gray, transparent polysulphone with glass
sensor windows
CO2 sensor and cable gray/gray polyurethane
Neonatal flow sensor yellow, transparent polysulphone
Neonatal flow sensor housing yellow, transparent polysulphone
Flow sensor cable gray polyurethane
For Nurse Call
Pin assignment
6-pin round DIN socket
5
Floating DC contact max. 40 V
Input voltage max. 500 mA 3
Input current max. 15 W

1
Switching capacity

Technical Data
Device Outputs
Digital outputs
COM 1
plus COM 2 and COM 3 can be configured for:
LUST protocol
Baud rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 Baud
Data bits: 7
Parity: even
Stop bits: 1
MEDIBUS protocol
Baud rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 Baud
Data bits: 8
Parity: even, odd, no
Stop bits: 1 or 2
(19200 Baud are required for transmitting high-
speed data, e.g., for displaying flow waveforms)
Printer protocol HP Deskjet series 500

Baud rate: 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200 Baud
Data bits: 8
Parity: no
Stop bits: 1
Pin assignment of the MEDIBUS cable Evita XL

GND GND
5 5
TxD RxD
3 2
RxD TxD
2 3
9-pin sub-D 9-pin sub-D
connector socket
Connector housing
Pin assignment of the printer cable Evita XL

GND GND
5 7
TxD RxD
3 3
RxD TxD
2 2
9-pin sub-D 25-pin sub-D
connector socket
Connector housing

Technical Data
Cable length Up to 15 m
Load impedance 3000 to 7000 Ω
Signal level (for load impedance from 3000 to
7000 Ω)
Low between 3 and 15 V
High between –3 and –15 V
Electrical isolation Ports COM 1, as well as COM 2 and COM 3
(optional) are electrically isolated from the
device electronics. The test voltage for electrical
isolation is 1500 V.
CAUTION
Ports COM 2 and COM 3 are not electrically
isolated from one another.
Digital output for Independent Lung Ventilation
(ILV)
Analog interface
Voltage level 0 to 4.095 V
Impedance of analog channels Output impedance is 200 Ω.
The input impedance of connected devices
should be not less than 1 MΩ, otherwise the
output signal will become distorted.
Accuracy 0 V : 0 V to 0.005 V
4.095 V : 4.075 V to 4.115 V
Electrical isolation The socket is electrically isolated from the
device electronics. The test voltage for electrical
isolation is 1500 V.
CAUTION
The analog channels are not electrically isolated
from one another.
Pin assignment Evita XL
GND
1
Pin 1 Channel 1
2
Channel 2
3
Pin 2 Medical appliance connector
Pin 3
Connector housing

Technical Data
DC Power Pack
Electrical ratings for the DC (input) socket

DC input voltage 12 or 24 V battery
Input current
12 V battery 13 A, max. 30 A
24 V battery 6 A, max. 15 A
Power characteristics
Recommended bridging times following a mains
power failure (with fully operational batteries1))
using fully charged internal battery 14 minutes; at least 10 minutes
using two fully charged external 12 V lead-acid 2 hours
gel batteries (order no. 1843303) with a
capacity of 17 Ah each
External batteries2)
Type Lead-acid gel batteries, sealed maintenance-
free
Minimum capacity
12 V battery 30 Ah (note battery charging current)
24 V battery 15 Ah (note battery charging current)
Maximum charging current through the DC power
pack (the battery used must be rated for at least
this charging current)
12 V battery approx. 8 A
24 V battery approx. 4.5 A
Recommended charging times3) (for 1843303),
two batteries connected in series
24 V lead-acid gel battery 8 to 12 hours
Internal batteries
Type Lead-acid gel batteries, sealed maintenance-
free
Recommended charging time
DC power pack 1.5 to 2.5 hours
Protection class I
1) See "Charge indication and charging state of the batteries" on page 113.
2) See "Mains Power Supply / DC Power Supply" on page 111.
3) See "Charging times of the batteries" on page 113.

Technical Data
LUST Protocol
LUST: "DC4" Halts the output of alarm telegrams

List-controlled universal interface driver program Ongoing transmissions are not interrupted by
compatible with the RS 232 interface in Evita "DC4". This is only possible with "DC3" (x-off).
ventilators from software version 7.n upwards.
A telegram request ("ACK", "ENQ", or "NAK") does
The LUST protocol consists of 4 different not act to re-enable the output of alarm telegrams.
transmission telegrams:
– Identification telegram Following a "DC2", the last event is transmitted by
– Status telegram the alarms in each case. If no alarm events have
– Data telegram occurred, an alarm telegram with all active alarms
– Alarm telegram is requested with each "DC2".
The first three telegrams are only sent in response Unknown control characters are ignored.
to a request from the external unit. The alarm
telegram is sent automatically when an alarm
occurs or disappears. Identification telegram
The identification telegram contains the device

Telegram control designation and a list of all measured values sent in
the data telegram. It has the following structure:
The following ASCII* control characters are used to Telegram header
request the individual telegrams:
"STX" Start character
"ACK" Request for an identification telegram 050 Identification number
"NAK" Request for a status telegram 0 Channel number
"ENQ" Request for a data telegram
Telegram body
Output of all telegrams can be controlled via certain
control characters: The body of the telegram first contains the device
name: "ESC Evita XL"
"DC1" (x-on) Enables telegram output This is then followed by any number of blocks, each
"DC3" (x-off) Halts output at any time separated by "ESC". Each block contains all the
data pertaining to a measured value, each
Following an enable ("DC1"), the interrupted separated by "RS".
telegram is resent without being adjusted to the
current status. Each block has the following structure:
– "ESC" (signal no.) "RS" (signal name, long
Requesting a telegram overrides the effect of form)
"DC3"; the telegram interrupted by "DC1" is lost – "RS" (signal name, short form) "RS" (unit)
and the requested telegram is sent. – "RS" (minimum) "RS" (maximum)
Output of an alarm telegram can also be controlled:
"DC2" Enables output of the alarm telegrams
* See page 285 for a list of special ASCII characters used.

Technical Data
The following table lists the complete identification

telegram:
Signal Signal name, Short Unit Minimum Maximum

no. long form form value value
00 Time t h:min .0.00 23.59
01 Exp. tidal volume VTe L 0.000 2.000
02 Respiratory rate f 1/min ..0 240
03 Minute Volume MV L/min .0.00 99.99
04 Peak-pressure Peak mbar ..0 120
05 Plateau-pressure Plat mbar .0 99
06 PEEP-pressure PEEP mbar .0 99
07 Minimum-pressure Pmin mbar –20 99
08 Mean-pressure Mean mbar .0 99
09 Insp. O2 concentration FiO2 % 15 99
10 Compliance C mL/mbar ..0.0 255
11 Resistance R mbar/(L/s) ..0.0 200
12 Spont. minute volume MVs L/min .0.00 99.99
13 Spont. frequency fs 1/min ..0 240
14 Airway Temperature Temp deg C 18 45
15 Intrinsic PEEP Pintr L/min .0.0 99.99
16 Trapped Volume Vtrap mL ...0 9999
17 Occlusion Pressure P01 mbar .0.0 99.9
18 End tidal CO2 in mmHg CO2E1 mmHg .0 99
19 End tidal CO2 in kPa CO2E2 kPa .0.0 99.9
20 End tidal CO2 in % CO2E3 % .0.0 99.9
21 CO2 Production CO2P mL/min ..0 999
22 Dead Space Vds mL ..0 999
23 Rel. Dead Space Vds ..0 999
24 SpO2 SpO2 % ..0 100
25 Pulse Pulse bpm ..0 999
26 Tidal volume ASB VT ASB mL ...0 9999
27 Negative Inspiratory Force NIF mbar –45 .0
28 Rapid Shallow Breathing RSB 1/L*min ...0 9999
Leading zeroes (identified by "0.0" or "..0" in the
table) are replaced by one or two blanks.
End of telegram
"EOT"

Technical Data
Status telegram 28 Pinsp = "FS"nnn"FS" mbar

84 Ti = "FS"nn,nn"FS" s
The status telegram contains all settings, alarm 87 Flow Assist = "FS"nnn,n"FS" mbar*s/L
limits, ventilation modes, and status messages. 88 Volume Assist = "FS"nnnn,n"FS" mbar/L
It has the following structure:
Alarm limits
"SOH" Start character
050 Identification number 20 MV low limit = "FS"nn,nn"FS" L/min
0 Channel number 21 MV high limit = "FS"nn,nn"FS" L/min
25 CO2 upper limit = "FS"nnn"FS"mmHg
Telegram body
25 CO2 upper limit = "FS"nn.n"FS"%
The body of the telegram contains any number of 25 CO2 upper limit = "FS"nn.n"FS"kPa
status messages, each separated by "GS". Each 26 CO2 lower limit = "FS"nnn"FS"mmHg
status message consists of a number and a name. 26 CO2 lower limit = "FS"nn.n"FS"%
"GS" (number of the status message) (message 26 CO2 lower limit = "FS"nn.n"FS"kPa
text) 27 PAWLimit = "FS"nnn"FS" mbar
29 Insp. tidal volume high limit =
Data, such as settings and alarm limits, are
"FS"n,nnn"FS" L
enclosed between "FS" in the status message.
71 Tdisconnect = "FS"nn"FS" s
All status messages are listed in the following 80 Pulse high limit = "FS"nnn"FS" bpm
tables. 81 Pulse low limit = "FS"nnn"FS" bpm
82 O2 saturation high limit = "FS"nnn"FS" %
Settings 83 O2 saturation low limit = "FS"nnn"FS" %
00 date : "FS"dd"FS"-"FS"mm"FS"-"FS"yy"FS"
Ventilation modes
01 O2 setting value = "FS"nnn"FS" %
02 Max. inspiratory flow = "FS"nnn"FS" L/min 30 Mode IPPV
03 Insp. tidal volume = "FS"n,nnn"FS" L 31 Mode IPPV/ASSIST
06 I : E = "FS"nn,n"FS" : "FS"1,0"FS" 34 Mode SIMV
06 I : E = "FS"1,0"FS" : "FS"nn,n"FS 35 Mode SIMV/ASB
07 Max. breathing pressure = "FS"nnn"FS" 38 Mode CPAP
mbar
39 Mode CPAP/ASB
08 Frequency = "FS"nnn,n"FS" 1/min
40 Mode MMV
09 PEEP = "FS"nn"FS" mbar
41 Mode MMV/ASB
10 ASB = "FS"nn"FS" mbar
42 Mode APRV
11 Interm. PEEP = "FS"nn"FS" mbar
43 Mode SYNCHRON MASTER
12 APRV P-low = "FS"nn"FS" mbar
44 Mode SYNCHRON SLAVE
13 APRV P-high = "FS"nn"FS" mbar
45 Mode Apnea ventilation
14 APRV T-low = "FS"nn,n"FS" s
48 Mode BIPAP
15 APRV T-high = "FS"nn,n"FS" s
49 Mode BIPAP/ASB
16 Apnea Time = "FS"nn"FS" s
60 Mode SIMV/AutoFlow
17 Tachypnea warning = "FS"nnn"FS" bpm
61 Mode SIMV/ASB/AutoFlow
18 Flow Trigger = "FS"nn,n"FS" L/min
62 Mode IPPV/AutoFlow
19 Pressure increase rate = "FS"n,nn"FS" s
63 Mode IPPV/ASSIST/AutoFlow

Technical Data
64 Mode MMV/AutoFlow telegram also contains all the messages in the

65 Mode MMV/ASB/AutoFlow status telegram which have changed since the last
66 Mode ASYNCHRON MASTER status or data telegram.
67 Mode CPAP/PPS The telegram has the following structure:
68 Mode BIPAP/ASSIST
Telegram header
69 IV – Invasive ventilation
70 NIV – Non-invasive ventilation "SOH" Start character
050 Identification number
Status messages 0 Channel number
24 Flow monitoring on
24 Flow monitoring off Telegram body
50 Audio alarm inactive on The body of the telegram contains all the measured
50 Audio alarm inactive off values defined in the identification telegram and
51 Nebulizer on any number of status messages. The number of
51 Nebulizer off digits for the measured values is defined in the
53 O2 calibration on identification telegram and does not exceed five.
53 O2 calibration off Commas are also transmitted, leading zeroes are
54 O2 monitoring on replaced by blanks.
54 O2 monitoring off
"ESC" (signal number) (measured value)
55 Suction on
"GS" (number of the status message) (message
55 Suction off
text)
56 Flow calibration on
56 Flow calibration off
57 CO2 calibration on
Alarm telegram
57 CO2 calibration off
58 CO2 monitoring on Alarm telegrams cannot be requested. They are
58 CO2 monitoring off transmitted automatically as soon as the alarm
85 SpO2 monitoring on status changes. Automatic transmission of alarms
85 SpO2 monitoring off can, however, be activated and deactivated, see
97 Neonatal "Telegram control" on page 229.
98 Adult
The individual messages are sent
99 Pediatric – when an alarm occurs,
– when the alarm status is cancelled.
End of telegram The alarm telegram has the following structure:
"EOT" Telegram header
"BEL" Start character

Data telegram 050 Identification number
0 Channel number
The current measured values defined by the
identification telegram are transmitted in the data
telegram. Invalid measured values contain dashes
instead of numerical values. In addition, the data

Technical Data
Telegram body 44 Monitoring SpO2 off

45 O2 supply high
"ESC" (warning/caution/note) (status) (alarm
46 fan 2 defect
number) (alarm text)
47 malfunction fan 2
The meaning of the individual fields is as follows: 48 malfunction fan 1
49 SpO2 low
01 Device failure 50 SpO2 high
02 Air supply down 51 pulse low
03 O2 supply down 52 pulse high
04 pressure meas. inop 53 no pulse
05 O2 measurement inop 54 SpO2 sensor ?
06 flow measurement inop 55 SpO2 meas. inop
07 mixer inop 57 battery not loaded
08 exp. valve inop 58 battery only for 2 min.
09 fan 1 defect 59 int. battery activated
10 Temperature meas. inop 60 ext. battery wrong
12 Temperature high 61 PEEP valve inop
13 flow sensor ? 62 neo. flow meas. inop
14 PEEP high 63 standby activated
15 CO2 measurement inop 64 nebulizer on
16 CO2 sensor ? 65 Tidal volume high
17 clean CO2 cuvette 67 check Evita
18 CO2 zero ? 68 frequency ILV Slave ?
22 apnea 69 pressure limited
23 FiO2 high 70 ILV sync. inop
24 FiO2 low 71 MEDIBUS inop
25 MV low 73 ASB > 1.5 s
26 MV high 74 Leakage
27 airway pressure low 75 neo.flow monitoring off
28 airway pressure high 76 neo.flowsensor unsuitable
29 fail to cycle 77 nebulizer off
30 high frequency 78 PPS-insp.> 1.5 s
32 volume not constant 79 PPS-insp.> 4 s
33 ASB > 4 s 80 ASB > Tinsp
34 etCO2 high 81 backup ventilation
35 etCO2 low 82 Exp. hold interrupted
36 air supply pressure high 83 neo. flow?
37 air supply high 84 apnea alarm off
38 apnea ventilation 85 MV low alarm off
39 Insp. hold interrupted 86 VT high alarm off
40 loss of data 87 Evita Remote error
41 Flow monitoring off 88 Tube obstructed
42 Monitoring FiO2 off 89 Ext. Flow compensated
43 Monitoring CO2 off 90 Error multi functional board

Technical Data
91 Ambient pressure sensor?
End of telegram
"EOT"

Technical Data
EMC Declaration
General information
The EMC declaration applies to Evita XL from year

of manufacture 2005
The EMC conformity of medical device includes the
use of the external cables and accessories (see
List of Accessories 9038780).
The medical device should not be used adjacent to
or stacked with other equipment; if adjacent or
stacked use is inevitable, the medical device
should be observed to verify normal operation in
the configuration in which it will be used. In any
case observe the Instructions for Use of the other
devices.
Electromagnetic emissions
The medical device is intended for use in the

electromagnetic environment specified below.
The user should assure that it is used in such
an environment.
Emissions Compliance according to Electromagnetic environment

Radio frequency emission Group 1 The medical device uses RF energy only
(CISPR 11) for its internal function. Therefore, its RF
emissions are very low and are not likely
to cause any interference in nearby
electronic equipment.
Class A The medical device is suitable for use in
all establishments, including domestic
establishments and those directly
connected to the public low-voltage
power supply network that supplies
buildings used for domestic purposes.
Harmonic emissions Not applicable Not applicable because the RF
(IEC 61000-3-2) emissions comply with Class A.
Voltage fluctuations/flicker Not applicable Not applicable because the RF
(IEC 61000-3-3) emissions comply with Class A.
Information regarding electromagnetic emissions

(IEC 60601-1-2, table 201)

Technical Data
Electromagnetic immunity
The medical device is intended for use in the

electromagnetic environment specified below.
The user should assure that it is used in such
an environment.
Immunity against IEC 60601-1-2 test Compliance level Electromagnetic

level (of Evita XL) environment
Electrostatic discharge / Contact discharge: ± 2, 4, 6 kV Floors should be wood,
ESD (IEC 61000-4-2) ±6 kV concrete or ceramic tile.
Air discharge: ±8 kV ± 2, 4, 8 kV, except If floors are covered with
interfaces bearing an synthetic material, the
ESD symbol relative humidity should
be at least 30 %.
Electrical fast transient/ Power supply lines: ±2 kV Mains power quality
bursts (IEC 61000-4-4) ±2 kV should be that of a
Longer input/output ±1 kV typical commercial or
lines: ±1 kV hospital environment.
Surge on AC mains lines Common mode: ±2 kV ±2 kV Mains power quality

(IEC 61000-4-5) Differential mode: ±1 kV ±1 kV should be that of a
typical commercial or
hospital environment.
Power frequency mag- 3 A/m 3 A/m Power frequency mag-
netic field (50/60 Hz) netic fields should be at
(IEC 61000-4-8) levels characteristic of a
typical location in a typi-
cal commercial or hospi-
tal environment.
Voltage dips and short Dip >95 %, 0.5 periods >95 %, 0.5 periods Mains power quality
interruptions on AC should be that of a
mains input lines typical commercial or
(IEC 61000-4-11) hospital environment. If
Dip 60 %, 5 periods 60 %, 5 periods the user of the Evita XL
requires continued
Dip 30 %, 25 periods 30 %, 25 periods operation during power
Dip >95 %, 5 seconds >95 %, 5 seconds mains interruptions, it is
recommended that the
Evita XL be powered
from an uninterruptible
power supply or a
battery.

Technical Data
Immunity against IEC 60601-1-2 test Compliance level Electromagnetic

level (of Evita XL) environment
Radiated RF (IEC 80 MHz to 2.5 GHz: 10 V/m Recommended
61000-4-3) 10 V/m separation distance from
portable and mobile RF
transmitters with
transmission power
PEIRP to Evita XL
including its lines
(1.84 m x √PEIRP)1)
Conducted RF (IEC 150 kHz to 80 MHz: 10 V Recommended
61000-4-6) 10 V within ISM bands separation distance from
(outside) portable and mobile RF
150 kHz to 80 MHz: 3 V 3 V transmitters with
outside of ISM bands 2) transmission power
PEIRP to Evita XL
including its lines
(1.84 m x √PEIRP)1)
1) For PEIRP the highest possible "equivalent isotropic radiated power" of the adjacent RF transmitter has to be inserted (value
in Watt). Also in the vicinity of equipment marked with the symbol interference may occur. Field strengths from fixed,
portable or mobile RF transmitters at the location of the equipment should be less than 3 V/m in the frequency range from
150 kHz to 2.5 GHz and less than 1 V/m above 2.5 GHz.
2) ISM bands in this frequency range are: 6.765 MHz to 6.795 MHz; 13.553 MHz to 13.567 MHz; 26.957 MHz to 27.283 MHz;
40.66 MHz to 40.70 MHz.
Information regarding electromagnetic emissions

(IEC 60601-1-2, table 202, 203 and 204)

Technical Data
Recommended separation distances
Max. PEIRP (W) 150 kHz to 2.5 GHz all other frequencies Examples
0.001 0.06 m (0.20 ft) 0.17 m (0.56 ft)
0.003 0.10 m (0.33 ft) 0.30 m (0.98 ft)
0.010 0.18 m (0.59 ft) 0.55 m (1.80 ft)
0.030 0.32 m (1.05 ft) 0.95 m (3.12 ft) e.g., WLAN 5250 / 5775 (Europe)
0.100 0.58 m (1.90 ft) 1.73 m (5.68 ft) e.g., WLAN 2440 (Europe),
Bluetooth
0.200 0.82 m (2.69 ft) 2.46 m (8.07 ft) e.g., WLAN 5250 (outside Europe)
0.250 0.91 m (2.99 ft) 2.75 m (9.02 ft) e.g., DECT devices
1.000 1.83 m (6.00 ft) 5.48 m (17.98 ft) e.g., GSM 1800- / GSM 1900- /
UMTS mobile telephones,
WLAN 5600 (outside Europe)
2.000 2.60 m (8.53 ft) 7.78 m (25.52 ft) e.g., GSM 900 mobile telephones
3.000 3.16 m (10.37 ft) 9.49 m (31.14 ft)
Information regarding separation distances

(IEC 60601-1-2, table 205 and 206)

Principle of Operation
Ventilation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Volume-controlled ventilation with PLV. . . . . . . 240 For use in the Adult patient category. . . . . . . . 287
SIMV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 For use in the Pediatric and Neonatal
SIMV/PSupp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 patient categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
MMV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
PCV+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
PCV+/PSupp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
PCV+ Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
APRV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
PSupp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
CPAP/ PSupp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Additional Settings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

Flow Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Apnea Ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
AutoFlow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
ATC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Sigh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
PLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Trigger response in the Neonatal patient
category . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Flow measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Measurement of airway pressure in the
Adult and Pediatric patient categories . . . . . . . 263
Neonatal patient category. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Principle of measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Automatic leakage compensation. . . . . . . . . . . 264
Tube compensation ATC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Weaning parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Intrinsic PEEP – PEEPi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Low Flow PV-Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Insp. O2 concentration during medication
nebulization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Alarm – Detection/Description . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Screen Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Special ASCII Characters Used. . . . . . . . . . . 285

Ventilation Modes
Volume-controlled ventilation with PLV
Volume-constant mandatory breath
PAW
Insp.
pause
Pmax
Pplat (configurable)
PEEP
t
Tinsp Te
1
f
Flow
insp. flow
037
In mandatory breaths without AutoFlow, the Flow This type of mandatory breath, which for technical
parameter restricts inspiratory flow. If the reasons is found in the same form in almost all
inspiratory flow is so high that the set tidal volume intensive care ventilators, has two serious
VT is reached before inspiratory time Tinsp has fully drawbacks:
elapsed, the inspiratory valve closes and the – If the lungs are non-homogeneous, pressure
breathing gas supply stops. The expiratory valve peaks can lead to the overdistension of specific
also remains closed until the end of the inspiratory lung areas and
time Tinsp. This phase, the inspiratory pause, can – the limited inspiratory flow and closed
be identified in the PAW (t) waveform as the plateau inspiratory and expiratory valves during the
Pplat. inspiratory pause can cause the patient to
"fight" the machine.

Manual pressure limiting Pmax

Evita XL can prevent pressure peaks, while
maintaining the set tidal volume VT, by means of
the pressure limit Pmax. The tidal volume VT
remains constant as long as a pressure plateau
Pplat is still detectable and the flow waveform
shows a brief period of zero flow between
inspiration and expiration.
Evita XL performs this function by reducing
inspiratory flow upon reaching the set Pmax. If the
tidal volume VT can no longer be applied with the
selected pressure Pmax, due to reduced
compliance, the alarm message Vol. not const.,
pressure limited !! is automatically generated.

SIMV
Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation

Combination of ventilation and spontaneous
breathing.
PAW synchronized
mandatory mandatory
breath spontaneous breathing breath
PEEP
t
trigger
window Tinsp spontaneous spontaneous breathing time + ΔT
breathing time
set IMV time set IMV time

1 1
f f
090
SIMV enables the patient to breathe spontaneously The duration of the trigger window is 5 seconds in
during predefined, regular ventilation pause Adult patient category and 1.5 seconds in Ped.
intervals, while mandatory mechanical breaths and Neo. patient categories. If the expiratory time
provide a minimum ventilation during the remaining is less than 5 seconds or 1.5 seconds, the trigger
cycle time. This minimum ventilation is controlled window covers the entire expiratory time.
by the two set values of tidal volume VT and
Synchronization of mandatory breaths by itself
respiratory rate f as a result of the product VT x f.
reduces the effective IMV time, which would result
The ventilation pattern results from setting the in an undesirable increase in the effective
parameters tidal volume VT, insp. flow Flow, respiratory rate. Evita XL therefore extends the
respiratory rate f, and inspiratory time Tinsp. The subsequent time allowed for spontaneous
flow trigger of the ventilator ensures that a breathing by the lost time difference ΔT - thus
mandatory breath is triggered in synchrony with a preventing an increase in the SIMV rate. The
patient's spontaneous inspiratory effort within a mandatory respiratory rate f, together with tidal
"trigger window". This prevents mandatory breaths volume VT responsible for minimum ventilation, is
from being applied during spontaneous expiration. kept constant. If the patient has inspired a
significant volume at the beginning of the trigger
window, the ventilator reduces its subsequent
mandatory breath by shortening the time for the

inspiratory flow phase and overall inspiratory time.

Tidal volume VT remains constant and overinflation
of the lungs is avoided.
During the spontaneous breathing phases, the
patient can be assisted with pressure via PSupp.
pressure support.
As part of progressive weaning, the respiratory rate
f is further reduced, thus extending the periods of
spontaneous breathing until the required minute
volume is eventually supplied entirely by

SIMV/PSupp.
Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation /

Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing
PAW PSupp. pressure support

Pmax
(config-
urable) fast rise slow rise
time time
PEEP
t
trigger window
Tinsp
1
Flow f
insp. flow
t
038
Combines mechanical (volume-controlled)
ventilation with spontaneous breathing. The patient
can breathe spontaneously between the mandatory
ventilator breaths, contributing to the total minute
volume. Spontaneous inspiratory efforts can be
supported with PSupp. The mandatory breaths
ensure minimum ventilation. This minimum
ventilation is controlled by the two set values of tidal
volume VT and respiratory rate f as a result of the
product VT x f.
During the weaning process, the set respiratory
rate may be reduced to zero. The device will then
automatically switch to CPAP or CPAP/ PSupp
ventilation mode and it will also indicate this new
ventilation mode on the screen. The SIMV page
and the therapy controls for SIMV ventilation
parameters will continue to be displayed.

MMV
Mandatory Minute (Volume) Ventilation
PSupp. pressure support

PAW
Pmax
(config-
urable) short rise long rise
time time
PEEP
t
Tinsp trigger phase
1
Flow f
VT
insp. flow
t
039
MV
set MV
mandatory MV spontaneously
breathed MV
t
no spontaneous beginning spontaneous sufficient spontaneous
breathing breathing breathing
040
In contrast to SIMV, the MMV ventilation mode The respiratory rate of mandatory breaths is
provides mandatory breathing only if spontaneous determined by the level of spontaneous breathing:
breathing is not yet sufficient and has fallen below – If spontaneous breathing is sufficient,
a preselected minimum minute ventilation. mandatory breaths are not applied at all.
– If spontaneous breathing is not sufficient,
This minimum ventilation is controlled by the two
intermittent mandatory breaths of the set tidal
set values of tidal volume VT and respiratory rate f
volume VT are applied.
as a result of the product VT x f.
– If there is no spontaneous breathing at all, the
Unlike SIMV, mandatory breaths are not applied mandatory breaths are applied at the set
regularly, but only during periods of insufficient respiratory rate f.
ventilation.
Evita XL continuously balances the difference
between spontaneous breathing and the set
minimum ventilation. As soon as the balance

becomes negative due to insufficient spontaneous This system is designed to prevent mandatory
breathing, Evita XL applies a mandatory breath at ventilation being prematurely triggered in the event
the set tidal volume VT, so that the balance is again of irregular spontaneous breathing. However, an
positive. alarm is generated in the case of extended low
ventilation levels.
Experience shows that patients breathe very
irregularly. Phases of shallow breathing alternate Spontaneous breathing can be pressure supported
with phases of tachypnea and large respiratory with PSupp.
effort. In order to allow for these individual
fluctuations, the balancing process also takes into
account the extent to which the set minimum
ventilation has been exceeded.
Within a maximum of 7.5 seconds after an apnea,
Evita XL progressively reduces this value to zero.
In this way, the response time of Evita XL is
automatically adapted to the preceding cycles of
spontaneous breathing before activating
mandatory ventilation:
– If this spontaneous breathing was close to the
minimum ventilation, the device responds
rapidly within the cycle time (1/f).
– However, if the patient's spontaneous breathing
was much higher than the set minimum
ventilation, Evita XL will tolerate a longer
breathing pause. In extreme cases of sudden
apnea after a phase of deep breathing, the
response time will be approx. 7.5 seconds plus
the trigger time, with a minimum of 1 cycle time
(1/f).
Response times longer than 15 seconds may only
occur if the minimum ventilation with a low
respiratory rate f is set to correspondingly low
values.
In this case, Evita XL will trigger an apnea alarm
that will disappear again after the start of
mandatory ventilator breaths. If cycle time (1/f) was
set to a value greater than the alarm limit
TApnea and, if there is no spontaneous
breathing between mandatory breaths, the apnea
alarm would be triggered regularly.
Example:
f = 3/min = cycle time (1/f) = 20 seconds
TApnea = 15 seconds

PCV+ Changes in lung compliance and airways, as well

as the patient's active breathing, can lead to
Pressure Controlled Ventilation plus changes in tidal volume. This is a desired effect in
(BIPAP* (Biphasic Positive Airway Pressure)) this ventilation mode.
The PCV+ ventilation mode is a pressure/time- Knowing that tidal volume, and therefore minute
cycled ventilation mode in which the patient can volume, are not constant, the alarm limits for minute
always breathe spontaneously. PCV+ is therefore volume must be carefully adjusted.
often described as a time-cycled alternation The display of measured expiratory tidal volume
between two CPAP levels.** VTe must be used to set the required difference
The time-cycled change of pressure provides between the two pressure levels.
controlled ventilation, which corresponds to
pressure controlled ventilation PCV. However, the
continuously available opportunity of spontaneous
breathing allows the transition from controlled
ventilation, to the weaning phase, and to
independent spontaneous breathing to take place
smoothly, without requiring any change in the mode
of ventilation. In order to adapt well to the patient’s
spontaneous breathing pattern, both the change
from expiratory to inspiratory pressure level and the
change from inspiratory to expiratory pressure level
are synchronized with the patient’s spontaneous
breathing.
The rate of the pressure level changes is kept
constant, even though synchronization occurs via a
trigger window with fixed time constant.
The duration of the “trigger window” is 5 seconds in
Adult patient category and 1.5 seconds in Ped.
and Neo. patient categories. If the expiratory time
is less than 5 seconds or 1.5 seconds, the trigger
window covers the entire expiratory time. At the
Pinsp pressure level, the "trigger window" is
1/4 x Tinsp seconds long.
As clinical research*** has shown, this smooth
adaptation to the patient's spontaneous breathing
requires less sedation, allowing the patient to return
to spontaneous breathing more rapidly.
As in all pressure-controlled ventilation modes, the
patient is administered a fixed tidal volume VT. The
tidal volume basically results from the pressure
difference between settings for PEEP and Pinsp.
* Trademark Used Under Licence

** References [3], [4], [7], [11], [12], page 282
*** Reference [8], page 282

PAW
mandatory synchronized
PCV+ breath spontaneous breathing PCV+ breath
Pinsp
Slope
PEEP
t
trigger
window Tinsp spontaneous
breathing time
1
f
091
As with SIMV, the time pattern is set using the basic
setting parameters of respiratory rate f and
inspiratory time Tinsp. Evita XL calculates the
resulting inspiratory and expiratory times and
displays them in the lower graphics screen field
below the waveform display. The lower pressure
level is set with the PEEP parameter, while the
upper level is set with Pinsp.
When switching modes from SIMV to PCV+, only
the Pinsp setting needs to be changed - while
maintaining the previous timing pattern.
The steepness of the increase from the lower
pressure level to the upper pressure level is
controlled by the rise time setting Slope. The
effective time for the increase in pressure cannot,
however, become greater than the set inspiratory
time Tinsp.
This precaution ensures that the upper pressure
level Pinsp is reached reliably during inspiration.
During weaning, the transition from controlled
ventilation to fully spontaneous breathing is
achieved by gradually reducing inspiratory
pressure Pinsp and/or respiratory rate f.

PCV+/PSupp.
Pressure Controlled Ventilation plus /

Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing
PSupp. pressure support

PAW
fast rise slow rise
time time fast rise slow rise
Pinsp time time
PEEP
t
Tinsp trigger window for insp. and exp.
1 synchronization
Flow f
without spontaneous with spontaneous breathing

breathing
045
Pressure-controlled ventilation combined with free
spontaneous breathing during the complete
breathing cycle and adjustable pressure assist on
CPAP level. The mandatory portion of the total
minute volume MV is set with inspiratory pressure
Pinsp via PEEP and respiratory rate f.
In the course of the weaning process, the
respiratory rate may be reduced to zero. The
device will then automatically switch to CPAP or
CPAP/ PSupp ventilation mode and it will also
indicate this new ventilation mode. The PCV+ page
and the therapy controls for PCV+ ventilation
parameters will continue to be displayed.

PCV+ Assist
Pressure Controlled Ventilation plus, Assisted

Pressure-controlled, assisted ventilation
PAW
fast rise time slow rise time
Pinsp
PEEP
t
Tinsp trigger window for
synchronization
1
Flow f

breathing
046
Used for all patients, from those unable to breathe
spontaneously to those breathing spontaneously
before being weaned off the ventilator.
The inspiratory breaths are equivalent to those of
PCV+, however, the switch from Pinsp to PEEP is
not synchronized with patient expiration. The
duration of Pinsp is determined by Tinsp.
Spontaneous breathing is possible at any time
during ventilation.
Each recognized inspiratory effort at the lower
pressure level by the patient will trigger a
synchronized inspiratory breath.
The ventilator will start a non-synchronized
inspiratory breath at the latest after the inspiratory
time fixed by f and Tinsp has elapsed.

APRV
Airway Pressure Release Ventilation
PAW
Phigh
Plow
Thigh Tlow
092
Spontaneous breathing under continuous positive
airway pressure with brief pressure release. The
patient breathes spontaneously at a high pressure
level Phigh for an adjustable length of time Thigh. For
very short expiratory times Tlow, Evita XL switches
to a low pressure level Plow. The normal lung areas
are emptied, but the "slow" lung areas only change
volume to a lesser extent.*
In this way, the ventilation/perfusion ratio can be
improved for patients with a poor gas exchange.
The steepness of the increase from the lower
pressure level to the upper pressure level is
controlled by the rise time setting Slope. The
effective time for the increase in pressure cannot
become greater than the set time Thigh.
* References [6], [7], [8], [9], page 282

PSupp. – 1 mL in Neo. patient category

The ventilator then produces an increase in
Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing pressure up to the preselected PSupp. pressure
ΔPSupp, which is adjustable to the breathing
PAW requirements of the patient.
Phase prescribed The pressure rise time is adjustable from
I II ideal airway 64 milliseconds to 2 seconds.
pressure
ΔPSupp With a rapid increase in pressure, Evita XL
supports the patient's insufficient spontaneous
breathing with a high peak flow.
CPAP With a slow increase in pressure, Evita XL begins
t with a low inspiratory flow. The patient has to
start of inspiration end of inspiration contribute more to the work of breathing.
With the patient adjusted pressure increase and
insp.
PSupp. pressure ΔPSupp, the patient defines the
flow
max. 4 s required inspiratory flow via his/her breathing,
25 % insp. flow for
which can rise to 2 L/s in 8 ms.
adults PSupp. is terminated:
15 % insp. flow for
pediatric patients and – When inspiratory flow returns to zero during
neonates phase I, i.e., when the patient exhales or fights
the ventilator
t
– When inspiratory flow in phase II falls below a
093
certain ratio of the maximum value previously

Pressure support for insufficient spontaneous supplied:
breathing. – 25 % insp. flow in all patient categories
The ventilator function for assisting insufficient – If the two other criteria have not triggered, at the
spontaneous breathing is similar to that of a latest after:
clinician manually assisting and monitoring a – 4 seconds in the Adult patient category
patient's spontaneous breathing by feeling the – 1.5 seconds in the Ped. and Neo. patient
breathing bag. categories
The ventilator in part takes over the work of If the time criterion is activated three times in
breathing, with the patient maintaining control of succession, Evita XL will generate an alarm and
spontaneous breathing. will alert to the possibility of a leakage in the
The CPAP system supplies the spontaneously breathing system.
breathing patient with breathing gas even if the
inspiratory effort is weak.
PSupp. pressure support is started:
– when the spontaneous inspiratory flow reaches
the set value of the flow trigger,
– or, at the latest, when the spontaneously
inspired volume exceeds the following values:
– 25 mL in Adult patient category
– 12 mL in Ped. patient category

CPAP/ PSupp
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure /

Pressure-supported spontaneous breathing*
spontaneous breathing with PSupp.

PAW pressure support
fast slow
rise time rise time PEEP
Flow
t
048
Spontaneous breathing at a raised pressure level in

order to increase the functional residual capacity
(FRC). Spontaneous breathing can be pressure
supported with PSupp.
* For a detailed description of CPAP/ PSupp, see

page 282.

Additional Settings
Flow Trigger parameters O2 and PEEP will correspond to the

settings effective at the time. Inspiratory time for
For synchronization with a patient’s spontaneous apnea ventilation is determined from the set
breathing efforts. respiratory rate f and a fixed I : E ratio of 1:2.
When the flow trigger is activated and a trigger level As in SIMV, the patient can breathe spontaneously
is set, mandatory breaths are synchronized with the during apnea ventilation and mandatory breaths
patient's spontaneous breathing efforts. The will be synchronized with the patient's spontaneous
patient’s spontaneous breathing activity is breathing.
indicated on the screen by the brief appearance of Apnea respiratory rate remains constant.
a lung symbol instead of the symbol for patient
category.
Apnea ventilation in the Neonatal patient
category
Apnea Ventilation If apnea occurs in the Neo. patient category with
activated apnea ventilation, pressure-controlled
Apnea ventilation in the Adult and Pediatric apnea ventilation is started after the set alarm time
patient categories (TApnea ). Apnea ventilation is adjusted by the
following parameters:
For automatically switching over to volume- – Respiratory rate: f
controlled mandatory ventilation if the patient stops – Pinsp: ΔPApnea
breathing.
During apnea ventilation, the Inspiration :
Expiration ratio = 1:2. The ventilation parameters
PAW start of
spontaneous O2 and PEEP will correspond to the settings
apnea ventilation
breathing with PSupp. effective at the time.
pressure support
PEEP
t
Apnea alarm time 1
Flow TApnea fApnea
t
050
Evita XL generates an apnea alarm if either no

expiratory flow is measured or insufficient
inspiratory gas is delivered during the set apnea
time TApnea (adjustable, see "Setting Alarm
Limits" on page 127). Evita XL will then start
volume-controlled ventilation. The ventilation

AutoFlow Typically, the selected inspiratory time Tinsp is

much longer than the time required to fill the lungs.
AutoFlow is a supplemental function that controls The inspiratory pressure Pinsp corresponds to the
inspiratory flow during mandatory breaths in the minimum value calculated from the tidal volume VT
volume-controlled ventilation modes CMV, SIMV, and compliance C of the lungs.
and MMV. In the Neo. patient category, the volume required
AutoFlow for automatic control of inspiratory flow to calculate the inspiration pressure is derived from
Flow and Pmax. Once AutoFlow has been the measured value VTe of the proximal neonatal
activated, Pmax and Flow can no longer be set. flow sensor. Contamination of the neonatal flow
sensor can lead to incorrect measured volumes.
In the Neo. patient category, AutoFlow is The airway pressure increases if the volume is
automatically activated in all volume-controlled incorrectly measured as too low.
ventilation modes (CMV, SIMV, MMV). An intact
neonatal flow sensor is required for the application. Inspiratory flow is automatically controlled so that
there is no pressure peak caused by the
PAW resistances of the tube and the airways. Plateau
PAW pressure Pplat varies with changes in compliance
Pinsp = f (VT,C) C, as is normal in all volume-constant breaths. With
AutoFlow, these fluctuations occur in increments
with a maximum of 3 cmH2O between breaths.
PEEP t
If tidal volume VT is reached (inspiratory flow = 0)
Tinsp Te
before inspiratory time Tinsp has fully elapsed, the
1
Flow control system for the inspiratory and expiratory
f
VT valves ensures that the patient can breathe in and
out during the remaining inspiratory time, even
t during the constant pressure plateau Pplat.
If the patient breathes in or out during mandatory
without spontaneous
breathing
with spontaneous inspiration, the plateau pressure Pplat is not
breathing changed for the duration of this mandatory breath:
051
only inspiratory and expiratory flow are adapted to

With AutoFlow, inspiratory flow is automatically the patient's demand. The applied tidal volume VT
adjusted to changes in lung conditions (C, R) and may differ from the set tidal volume VT in individual
to the spontaneous breathing demands of the mandatory breaths, but as an average over time, a
patient. constant tidal volume VT is supplied.
WARNING Overshoot of tidal volume VT can be limited by the

alarm limit VTi . If the set alarm limit is exceeded
When using AutoFlow, always set the alarm
once, Evita XL generates a low-priority alarm
limit PAW in order to generate an alarm in
message (!); if the alarm limit is exceeded three
the event of an increase in airway pressure
times, Evita XL generates a high-priority alarm
with reduced compliance or a sudden change
message (!!!). Tidal volume is actively limited to the
in the leakage. The maximum pressure which
value of the alarm limit VTi by switching to
can be applied is limited to 5 cmH2O below the
PEEP level when necessary.
PAW alarm limit.

WARNING PAW
When using AutoFlow, always set the alarm PAW
limits MV and MV in order generate an Pinsp = f (VT,C)
alarm in the event of an increase in airway
pressure with reduced compliance or a
PEEP
sudden change in leakage. t
Tinsp Te
An inspiratory time Tinsp set to a value shorter than Flow 1
the time required to fill the lungs can be recognized VT f
in the flow waveform: the flow at the end of
inspiration has not fallen to zero. In this situation, it t
must be decided whether the current patient
condition permits extending inspiratory time Tinsp in
order to reduce peak pressure even further. breathing
089
This effect can also develop in the course of
ventilation, e.g., due to a build-up of secretions. In Start-up procedure with AutoFlow in the Adult
this situation, pressure is limited by the alarm limit and Pediatric patient categories
PAW .
When AutoFlow is activated, Evita XL applies the
The pressure rise is held to 5 cmH2O below the set tidal volume VT through a volume-controlled
alarm limit PAW . The Vol. not const., pressure breath with minimum inspiratory flow and
limited !! alarm message will only be displayed subsequent inspiratory pause.
when the set tidal volume VT is no longer fully
applied. The peak pressure Pplat calculated for this
mandatory breath serves as the start-up value for
The start of mandatory inspiration can be inspiratory pressure for the AutoFlow function.
synchronized with a patient's own efforts using the
adjustable flow trigger. Only while in CMV mode
can the flow trigger be completely switched off Start-up procedure with AutoFlow in the
(CMVAssist -> CMV). Neonatal patient category
The steepness of the pressure rise from PEEP
PAW
level to the inspiratory level can be even more
closely adapted to the needs of the patient by
adjusting ventilation parameter pressure rise time 75 % Pinsp
Slope in SIMV and MMV. Pinsp
5 cmH2O
PEEP
t
1st breath 2nd breath 3rd breath
110
When activating a volume-controlled ventilation

mode, Evita XL initially applies a test breath with an
inspiratory pressure 5 cmH2O greater than PEEP.
This test breath is used by Evita XL to calculate the
inspiratory breath for the next inspiration. In the

second inspiratory breath, however, Evita XL sets

only 75 % of the previously calculated inspiratory
pressure in order to verify the first result and
calculate a new inspiratory pressure. Evita XL sets
the inspiratory pressure as calculated from the third
breath onwards. All further adjustments of the
inspiratory pressure are limited to ±3 cmH2O.

ATC
Automatic Tube Compensation

Automatic compensation of the tube resistance
Please see "Tube compensation ATC" on page 265
for a detailed description
For Evita 4 or Evita 2 dura, equipped with the
Evita XL option, operation is also possible without
ATC.
Example: SIMV Tube comp. Tube comp.

deactivated activated
PAW
inactive active
Pinsp
PEEP
t
Mand. Mand. Mand. Mand.
insp. exp. insp. exp.
Flow
Spont. Spont.
breathing breathing
t
Example: PCV+
Tube comp. Tube comp.
deactivated activated
PAW
active
Pinsp
PEEP
Mand. Mand. Mand.
t
Mand.
insp. exp. insp. exp.
Flow Spont.
Spont. Spont. Spont.
breathing breathing breathing breathing
t
052
The ventilation pressure in the breathing circuit is Automatic tube compensation is active during:
increased during inspiration and decreased during – spontaneous breathing
expiration. Airway pressure is adjusted to the – pressure-supported breathing
tracheal level if 100 % compensation of the tube – pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation
resistance has been selected. – volume-controlled mechanical ventilation with
"AutoFlow" activated.
Expiratory tube compensation may be
independently deactivated.

In volume-controlled ventilation modes with Sigh

constant inspiratory flow (CMV, CMVAssist, SIMV,
MMV), automatic tube compensation is only active "Sigh" operates in the form of an intermittent PEEP
during expiration following mechanical breaths and in ventilation modes CMV, CMVAssist and ILV.
phases of spontaneous breathing.
Evita XL indicates activated tube compensation by PAW Sigh phase
showing a tube symbol and the tube diameter in
the status line. Pmax
interm.
PEEP
PAW,
PEEP
PTrach
Pressure at Y-piece t
054
The purpose of expiratory sigh during ventilation is
to open collapsed areas of the lung and to keep
Tracheal pressure open "slow" areas of the lung.
PEEP Since atelectatic alveoli have a longer time
constant – also caused by obstructed bronchioli –
t increased airway pressure maintained over a
Flow longer period is required to open them.
In Evita XL the activated sigh has an expiratory
effect with an intermittent PEEP for two breaths
every 3 minutes.
t
Mean airway pressure is higher and a longer filling
time can be expected.
In order to avoid lung overinflation, pressure peaks
053
When tube compensation is activated, Evita XL during the sigh phase can be limited using pressure
calculates the tracheal pressure on the basis of the limit Pmax without impairing the sigh function.
selected tube (regardless of the selected degree of During the sigh phase, the Vol. not const.,
compensation). This value is then displayed as a pressure limited !! alarm message is not
green line in the pressure waveform together with displayed.
the pressure at the Y-piece.

PLV Trigger response in the Neonatal patient

category
Pressure Limited Ventilation
Please see page 241 for a detailed description. Spontaneous breathing by the patient in the Neo.
patient category is detected by Evita XL by means
With PLV, the limitation of pressure peaks using the of the flow signal from the proximal neonatal flow
Pmax pressure limit can be set in ventilation modes sensor. When spontaneous inspiration is detected,
CMV, SIMV, MMV, and ILV. a synchronized, mechanical pressure-controlled
Tidal volume remains constant as long as the inspiratory breath or a pressure-supported PSupp.
pressure waveform shows a plateau and the flow breath is triggered, depending on the ventilation
waveform shows a brief flow pause between mode set.
inspiration and expiration. In order to avoid incorrect triggering due to leakage
Activate/deactivate pressure limitation Pmax, see flows, Evita XL takes into account both the flow
"Setting start-up values for O2, I : E, pressure..." signal from the neonatal flow sensor (Flowinsp) and
on page 166. the calculated leakage minute volume (MVleak).
The leakage flow is converted to the momentary
When pressure limitation is active, the value for pressure level (PAW):
Pmax is shown in the real-time waveform PAW (t) as
a blue line. FlowPatient, insp = Flowinsp – MVleak x PAW / Pmean
The therapy control Pmax also appears in dialog FlowPatient: Patient flow
window Ventilator Settings.
Flowinsp: Inspiratory flow, without leakage
Volume monitoring is active. The alarm message correction
Vol. not const., pressure limited !! is MVleak: Leakage minute volume – mean
automatically triggered if the tidal volume VT can no leakage flow, averaged over inspiration
longer be applied. This visual and audible alarm and expiration
may be muted with the Alarm Reset button in the
header bar, after the alarm message, until the PAW: Airway pressure at the Y-piece
cause of the alarm is remedied. Pmean: Mean airway pressure at the Y-piece
Spontaneous inspiration is detected if the corrected

measured value of the neonatal flow sensor
exceeds the set flow trigger threshold. The trigger
threshold range extends from 0.3 L/min to
15 L/min, but only the range from 0.3 L/min to
3 L/min is recommended for the Neo. patient
category. The trigger threshold should be set so
that self-triggering is just avoided.
If the neonatal flow sensor is defective, Evita XL
can no longer detect a spontaneous inspiratory
effort or, consequently, a triggered mandatory
breath.

Measurements
Flow measurement humidity, as well as by leakages in the breathing

circuit. Evita XL takes these effects into account
Independent of whether ventilation is volume- and corrects set and measured values accordingly.
controlled or pressure-controlled, positive
pressures are generated in the breathing system as Recalculating for standardized gas conditions
well as in the patient's lungs during the inspiratory
phase. The volume occupied by a gas depends upon the
ambient conditions, temperature, pressure and
Depending on the ratio of lung compliance to humidity. For the purposes of lung physiology,
breathing circuit compliance, the volume delivered reference is made to the conditions inside the lungs
by the ventilator is distributed to the patient's lungs for values of minute volume and tidal volume: 37 °C
and to the breathing circuit installed between the (98.6 °F) body temperature, pressure inside the
ventilator and patient. lungs, 100 % relative humidity.
Resulting expiratory deviations for the measured Measured values for flow and volume under these
value of flow and the calculated values of minute conditions are characterized as BTPS*. Medical
volume and tidal volume are minimal when gases from cylinders or from a central supply are
ventilating adults. This is due to the relatively large dry (approx. 0 % rel. humidity) and are delivered by
lung compliance compared to the compliance of the the ventilator at 20 °C (68 °F). Measured values for
breathing circuit. flow and volume under these conditions are
Since only the volume actually entering and leaving characterized as NTPD**. The difference between
the lungs is relevant for the efficiency of ventilation values measured as NTPD or BTPS is typically
and, since larger deviations would be possible approx. 12 %.
during ventilation of pediatric patients, Evita XL Example:
always compensates for the influence of breathing 500 mL tidal volume NTPD become 564 mL BTPS
circuit compliance. when warmed to 37 °C (98.6 °F) and humidified to
100 % rel. humidity.
Compensating for the effect of breathing circuit Evita XL controls tidal volume in such a way that
compliance the set value of tidal volume is applied under BTPS
During the Device Check before the start of conditions in the lungs.
ventilation, Evita XL determines the compliance of Measurement at the expiratory side is made with
the breathing circuit. It then compensates for the the assumption of saturated gas at 30 °C (86 °F).
effect of this compliance on flow and volume
measurement during ventilation.
Depending on the airway pressure, Evita XL
increases the tidal volume by the amount that
remains in the breathing circuit.
Besides the influence of breathing circuit
compliance, flow/volume measurement is affected
by physical parameters such as temperature and
* BTPS = Body Temperature, Pressure, Saturated

** NTPD = Normal Temperature, Pressure, Dry

Measurement of leakage flow in the Neonatal

patient category
A minimal amount of respiratory gas almost always
escapes between the tracheal wall and
endotracheal tubes when ventilating neonates and
infants with uncuffed tubes. This flow is termed the
leakage flow.
Model for determining the leakage flow:
Inspiratory flow
The proximal neonatal flow sensor is located through sensor Expiratory flow
upstream of the leakage at the Y-piece. During through sensor
inspiration, the flow sensor measures both the Inspiratory leakage
leakage flow and the amount of breathing gas
reaching the patient's lungs. During expiration, it Patient flow Expiratory leakage
only measures part of the gas applied during
inspiration. However, assuming that another
leakage flow escapes during expiration, the amount
measured by the flow sensor is less than the
amount actually expired by the patient.
The value of greatest importance for patient
monitoring is the amount of gas that actually
reaches the patient's lungs and thus contributes
towards ventilation. The measured value displayed
111
by Evita XL is the mean leakage flow MVleak.
MVleak corresponds to the difference averaged Evita XL takes into account the calculated leakage
over time between the inspiratory and expiratory flow in the displayed values VTi, VTe and flow. For
flow. (The gas which does not flow back through the this purpose, the leakage flow at each instant is
sensor during expiration must have escaped calculated as a function of the actual airway
through the leak). pressure:
This leakage value, in combination with the Flowleak = MVleak x PAW / Pmean
expiratory minute volume MV, can therefore be
used to estimate the minute volume MVPatient that Flowleak: Actual leakage flow
contributed to ventilation: MVleak: Leakage minute volume – mean leakage
MV ≤ MVPatient ≤ MV + MVleak flow, averaged over inspiration and
expiration
MVPatient: Patient minute volume PAW: Airway pressure at the Y-piece
MV: Expiratory measured minute volume, Pmean: Mean airway pressure at the Y-piece
without leakage correction
MVleak: Leakage minute volume Patient flow and tidal volume are then calculated as
follows:
Inspiration:
FlowPatient, insp = Flowinsp – Flowleak
VTi = ∫ FlowPatient, insp dt

Expiration: A constant basic flow prevails in the Neo. patient

category. However, due to this constant basic flow,
FlowPatient, exp = Flowexp + Flowleak
the zero-flow condition is never attained either on
VTe = ∫ FlowPatient, exp dt the inspiratory or expiratory side. The pressure
measured by the inspiratory pressure sensor varies
FlowPatient: Current patient flow, with leakage with the variations in airway pressure but is
correction increased by the pressure drop in the inspiratory
Flowinsp: Current inspiratory flow, line of the breathing circuit. The pressure measured
without leakage correction by the expiratory pressure sensor is reduced by the
pressure drop in the expiratory line of the breathing
Flowexp: Current expiratory flow, circuit. These pressure differences are caused by
without leakage correction the flow resistance of the breathing circuit.
Flowleak: Actual leakage flow
During expiration, the value measured at the
VTi: Inspiratory tidal volume inspiratory pressure sensor (Pinsp) is reduced by
VTe: Expiratory tidal volume the pressure drop caused by the basic flow (Flowbf)
in the inspiration line of the breathing circuit (Rinsp):
MVleak: Mean leakage flow, averaged over
inspiration and expiration PAW = Pinsp – Rinsp x Flowbf
PAW: Airway pressure at the Y-piece

Measurement of airway pressure in the Pinsp: Airway pressure at the inspiratory
Adult and Pediatric patient categories pressure sensor
Rinsp: Flow resistance of the inspiratory
Evita XL measures the airway pressure indirectly breathing hose
by means of two internal pressure sensors in the
Flowbf: Basic flow
device. The sensors are installed in the inspiratory
and expiratory lines, thereby eliminating the need
During inspiration, the value measured by the
for an external pressure measuring line between
expiratory pressure sensor (Pexp) is raised relative
the Y-piece and the device. As long as one side is
to the airway pressure by the amount of the
without flow, the measured value of the flowless
pressure drop caused by the flow (normally
pressure sensor corresponds to the airway
Flowout ≤ Flowbf) through the expiratory line of the
pressure at the Y-piece.
breathing circuit (Rexp):
PAW = Pexp + Rexp x Flowout
Neonatal patient category PAW: Airway pressure at the Y-piece
Pexp: Airway pressure in the expiratory
Evita XL measures the airway pressure indirectly breathing hose
by means of two internal pressure sensors in the Rexp: Flow resistance of the expiratory
device. The sensors are installed in the inspiratory breathing hose
and expiratory lines, thereby eliminating the need
for an external pressure measuring line between Flowout: Flow through the expiratory valve during
the Y-piece and the device. As long as one side is inspiration
without flow, the measured value of the flowless
pressure sensor corresponds to the airway The hose resistances are determined by Evita XL
pressure at the Y-piece. during the device check.

Principle of measurement Automatic leakage compensation
Evita XL determines the difference between the

Expiratory flow measurement
delivered flow on the inspiratory side and the flow
Expiratory flow is measured with a hot wire ane- measured on the expiratory side. This difference
mometer. The amount of energy required to main- provides a measure of the amount of leakage and
tain the wire at a temperature of 180 °C (356 °F) is is displayed by Evita XL as the leakage minute
used as a measure of the flow passing through the volume MVleak.
sensor, cooling the hot wire in the process.
During volume-controlled ventilation, Evita XL can
compensate for this leakage.
Neonatal flow measurement
Example:
The flow is measured with a hot wire anemometer Tidal volume setting VT = 500 mL, 10 % tube
between the Y-piece and the tube. The flow leakage.
direction is detected by the use of two hot wires,
one of which is shielded on one side.
Leakage compensation Off
The amount of energy required to maintain the wire
Evita XL delivers 500 mL. This is displayed as the
at a temperature of 400 °C (752 °F) is used as a
inspiratory tidal volume VTi. 50 mL escape as
measure of the flow passing through the sensor,
leakage during inspiration, 450 mL reach the lungs.
cooling the hot wire in the process.
450 mL are also expired, of which 45 mL again
The lowest flow at which detection functions escape as leakage. A tidal volume of 405 mL is
reliably is 0.2 L/min. Lower flow values are measured on the expiratory side and indicated as
therefore suppressed and displayed as zero. VTe.
As a result, an inspiratory minute volume of
O2 measurement 5.0 L/min will be delivered at a respiratory rate
of 10 bpm and an expiratory minute volume of
Oxygen measurement is based on the principle of
4.05 L/min will be measured. The lungs are
a galvanic cell. Monitored gas diffuses into the
ventilated with an MV of 4.5 L/min
electrolyte of the sensor via a membrane. The
electrolyte contains a working electrode and an NOTE
opposing electrode. Oxygen is chemically reduced
Without leakage compensation, the therapy
and the resulting current is proportional to the O2
control VT directly determines the volume
partial pressure in the gas.
delivered by Evita XL.
CO2 measurement
Leakage compensation On
CO2 is measured via a mainstream system based
With automatic leakage compensation, Evita XL
on absorption measurement. A light source
will deliver a tidal volume of 550 mL on the basis of
generates a spectrum and two light detectors
the measured leakage minute volume, instead of
record the characteristic absorption spectrum and
the 500 mL set. 500 mL enter the lungs and the
supply electrical signals that change with the CO2
concentration. These signals are then evaluated displayed inspiratory tidal volume is 500 mL. This
value is displayed as VT.
and displayed. Heating the CO2 sensor probe
prevents condensation.

The volume of 450 mL measured on the expiratory Depending on the selected patient category,
side is displayed without compensation, even when Evita XL compensates leakages (MVleak) up to the
leakage compensation is activated. The minute following values in order to detect a patient trigger:
volume measured on the expiratory side is
– Adult patient category, up to 30 L/min
4.5 L/min and is also displayed uncompensated.
– Ped. patient category, up to 15 L/min
Otherwise, an expiratory leakage compensation
might obscure a low minute volume alarm. Evita XL – Neo. patient category, up to 7 L/min
is intended to generate an alarm in any case of low
minute volume.
Tube compensation ATC
NOTE
With leakage compensation, the therapy control Automatic tube compensation regulates airway
VT directly determines the volume to be delivered pressure at the tracheal level. The ATC function
to the patient. calculates and displays the tracheal pressure on
the basis of a mathematical tube model, the set
This example has been simplified: tube type and the inside diameter of the tube.
In reality, the calculated leakage correction takes
into account the pressures in the breathing circuit. The selected tube type and the inside diameter of
A higher percentage volume is lost on the the tube must correspond with the real tube for
inspiratory side than on the expiratory side because correct calculation of tracheal pressure. Evita XL
the pressure during inspiration is higher. calculates tracheal pressure on the basis of a
square function of tube resistance and patient flow:
The displayed leakage minute volume MVleak is
based on the mean pressure Pmean. PTrach = PAW – KTube x Flow2
Leakage minute volume MVleak also takes into PTrach: Pressure in the trachea
account inspiratory leakages. The sum of the
PAW: Pressure at the Y-piece of the breathing
minute volume MV + the leakage minute volume
circuit
MVleak will therefore exceed the inspiratory minute
volume actually delivered to the patient. KTube: Tube coefficient (see table)
Unlimited volume compensation would be Flow: Patient flow
inappropriate. (inspiration: Flow >0;
expiration: Flow <0)
Evita XL compensates for losses of up to 100 % of
the set tidal volume VT. When automatic tube compensation is active,
Due to technical tolerances, a small leakage minute Evita XL controls ventilation pressure during spon-
volume may be displayed even for a tight breathing taneous breathing and during pressure-controlled
circuit. mechanical breathing cycles in such a way that the
work of breathing required by the resistance of the
tube is compensated in accordance with the select-
Leakage compensation in application mode ed degree of compensation.
Mask (NIV)
Compensation may be independently deactivated
Evita XL compensates calculated leakages of up to for the expiratory breathing cycle.
200 % of the set tidal volume, but not more than 2 L
maximum (regardless of patient category). Depending on the direction of the patient flow, the
airway pressure is increased during inspiration or
decreased during expiration. Airway pressure can

be increased to not more than 5 cmH2O below the Inside tube diameter Tube coefficient KTube
set upper alarm limit PAW and will be reduced to (mm) (cmH2O/L2/s2)
a value not below 0 cmH2O.
6.50 13.05
The maximum airway pressure is limited to PAW
– 5 cmH2O. 7.00 10.56
7.50 8.41
The alarm message Pressure limited ! is
displayed. 8.00 6.57
Pressure support is calculated on the basis of a 8.50 5.17

square function of tube resistance and patient flow: 9.00 4.29
ΔPAW = Comp. x KTube x Flow2 9.50 3.80
10.00 3.50
ΔPAW: Pressure support on the tube
10.50 3.00
Comp.: Degree of compensation 0 to 100 %
11.00 2.50
KTube: Tube coefficient (see table)
11.50 2.00
Flow: Patient flow
12.00 1.50
Tube coefficient
Tube coefficient for tracheostomy tube:
The tube coefficient KTube is largely determined on
the basis of the results obtained by Guttmann, Wolf Inside tube diameter Tube coefficient KTube
et al*. (mm) (cmH2O/L2/s2)
The tube coefficient KTube for the full-length tube is 2.50 600.00
always taken as the basis. The effect of reduced 3.00 340.00
length is negligible.
3.50 170.00
The following tables indicate the tube coefficient
values. 4.00 100.00
4.50 50.00
Tube coefficient for endotracheal tube:
5.00 30.96
Inside tube diameter Tube coefficient KTube 5.50 15.40
(mm) (cmH2O/L2/s2)
6.00 10.00
2.50 600.00
6.50 7.90
3.00 340.00
7.00 6.38
3.50 170.00
7.50 5.20
4.00 100.00
8.00 4.50
4.50 50.00
8.50 3.70
5.00 30.96
9.00 2.95
5.50 23.70
9.50 2.65
6.00 17.21
10.00 2.50
10.50 2.05
* Reference [19], page 282

Inside tube diameter Tube coefficient KTube values beyond 6 cmH2O, e.g., for a COPD**
(mm) (cmH2O/L2/s2) patient, indicate impending exhaustion (RMF –
respiratory muscle fatigue).
11.00 1.65
11.50 1.35 PAW insp. valve closed
12.00 1.10 100 ms insp. valve opens
CPAP t
-0.5 cmH2O
Weaning parameters P1
P 0.1
P0.1, RSBi, NIF: P2
109
A physician judging the ability of a patient to be
weaned off the ventilator will consider a number of Evita XL keeps the inspiratory valve closed after
criteria. Besides diagnostic and laboratory results, one expiration and measures the airway pressure
ventilatory parameters may be used for estimating produced by the patient's inspiratory effort during
the likelihood of successful weaning. 100 ms (P1).
Evita XL measures or calculates the following The 100 ms time interval starts when a negative
weaning indicators: pressure of –0.5 cmH2O below PEEP/CPAP is
– Occlusion pressure P0.1 measured as a result of the inspiratory effort.
– Rapid Shallow Breathing RSBi The second pressure value (P2) is determined after
– Negative Inspiratory Force NIF 100 ms. Simultaneously, the inspiratory valve is
opened, so that the patient can breathe normally
Occlusion pressure P0.1 again.
Respiratory drive can be measured at the start of The occlusion pressure P0.1 is the difference
inspiration by measuring the mouth pressure during between the pressure values P2 – P1.
a short term occlusion: within the first 100 ms, the
pressure is not influenced by physiological Rapid Shallow Breathing RSBi
reactions that would try to compensate for the
occlusion (e.g., reflexive interruption of breathing or The Rapid Shallow Breathing (RSBi) is the quotient
increased respiratory drive). In principle, this of spontaneous respiratory rate (spontaneously
pressure is also independent of the muscle breathed breaths per minute) and tidal volume:
strength of the diaphragm. Therefore, the negative fspn [bpm]
mouth pressure P0.1 after 0.1 seconds is a direct RSBi [1/(min x L)] =
VT [L]
measure of neuromuscular breathing drive*.
Evita XL displays the value for the measured The lower the RSBi index for a patient with sponta-
pressure difference without a negative sign. neous breathing, the more probably he or she can
be weaned successfully. The significance of the
For patients with healthy lungs and regular RSBi index is due to the fact that patients who can
breathing, P0.1 will be about 3 to 4 cmH2O. A high be weaned successfully tend to have a lower spon-
P0.1 signifies a high breathing drive, which can taneous respiratory rate and a higher tidal volume
only be maintained for a limited period of time. P0.1 than those who are not yet ready to be weaned.
* References [10], [15], page 282 ** COPD = Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

In their 1991 study*, Yang and Tobin showed that Intrinsic PEEP – PEEPi
the RSBi index is an effective instrument for
predicting the success of an attempt to wean the
insp. and exp.
patient. Patients with an RSBi index of PAW
valves closed exp. valve opens
<100 1/(min x L) were weaned with a probability of
80 %, while 95 % of those with an RSBi index of
>100 1/(min x L) were not yet ready to be weaned. Intrinsic PEEP
Evita XL indicates the RSBi index in CPAP/ PSupp PEEP
mode. t
Flow Mea- Mea-

Negative Inspiratory Force NIF suring suring
time 1 time 2
The Negative Inspiratory Force Index (NIF)**
measures a patient's maximum inspiratory effort t
after expiration. The breathing system is closed Vtrap
during measurement of NIF. The NIF value is also
known as the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP).
097
As a result of the inhalation effort during a manually
extended expiration, the patient generates a Intrinsic PEEP is measured in two phases: Evita XL
negative pressure in relation to PEEP. The higher keeps the inspiratory and expiratory valves closed
this negative pressure, the greater the likelihood of during measuring phase 1, so that it is impossible
extubating a patient successfully. Patients reaching for gas to flow into the breathing system or to
a NIF< –30 cmH2O can in all probability be weaned escape from it. During this closed phase, pressure
successfully, while those with a NIF of less than is equalized between the lungs and the breathing
–20 cmH2O will most likely prove unsuccessful. system. Evita XL measures the pressure over time.
Evita XL determines the NIF value during manually Measuring phase 1 is terminated:
extended expiration. The breathing system closes – when pressure changes are no longer detected,
following an expiration by the patient while the Exp. but at the earliest after 0.5 seconds,
Hold button is held down. Then Evita XL measures – or at the latest after:
the maximum inspiratory effort made by the patient. – 3 seconds in the Adult patient category
NIF is measured as a pressure relative to PEEP. – 1.5 seconds in the Ped. patient category
The measuring procedure is ended when the Exp.
Hold button is released or after a maximum of The start value corresponds to PEEP, and the
15 seconds. The last measured NIF value and the value at the end of the closed phase is the intrinsic
time of measurement are shown on screen in PEEP.
Table 2 of measured values. At the end of measuring phase 1, Evita XL opens
the expiratory valve and measures expiratory flow
generated by intrinsic PEEP during a defined
measuring phase 2. During this period, lung
pressure is allowed to decrease to PEEP level.
Measuring phase 2 is terminated:
– when the expiratory flow has returned to 0, but
after 0.5 seconds at the earliest,
– or at the latest after:
– 7 seconds in the Adult patient category
– 3.5 seconds in the Ped. patient category
* Reference [16], page 282
** References [17], [18], page 282

The integrated flow corresponds to the air volume To determine these points on the
trapped in the lungs Vtrap by intrinsic PEEP. inspiratory/expiratory limb, two cursors can be
moved over the PV-Loop. In addition, the static
Measuring times of the measuring phase 1 for
compliance (Cstat) can also be calculated.
intrinsic PEEP:
– Adult patient category: max. 3 seconds Performing a low flow procedure may decrease the
– Ped. patient category: max. 1.5 seconds patient's systemic circulatory pressure and could
cause a pneumothorax, for example. The condition
Measuring times of the measuring phase 2 for
of the patient must therefore be taken into account
Vtrap:
when making the settings.
– Adult patient category: max. 7 seconds
– Ped. patient category: max. 3.5 seconds The applied pressures and volumes must be
suitable for the patient. Potentially high
intrathoracic pressures can be applied over a
Low Flow PV-Loop relatively long period while performing the
procedure. The patient must therefore be
The Low Flow PV-Loop* measuring procedure considered to be hemodynamically stable before
records a static pressure-volume waveform, which starting the procedure and the vital data must be
can be used to assess the mechanical properties of closely monitored and documented during the
the lungs. entire measurement. A significantly higher venous
return caused by an abrupt relieving of the
By slowly filling the lungs with a small, constant intrathoracic pressure can overstrain the heart
flow, only the elasticity properties are determined in under certain conditions. This is why the procedure
the PV-Loop. This almost static process shows a is usually terminated, even after only an inspiratory
good correlation with the static Super-Syringe or application, with a pressure ramp of 5 cmH2O/s.
Occlusion Method [27 to 29]**, as long as the flow
is small [22 to 26]**. The procedure is similar to an apnea with a single
slow breath. An acceptable procedure duration
There are various approaches for optimizing should also be estimated for the patient. To avoid
ventilation settings based on measurements of the longer times with a reduced gas exchange, the
lung mechanics. All approaches aim at avoiding a procedure can only be restarted 60 seconds after
recurrent collapsing and re-opening of alveoli and a nebulization, suctioning, or a previous Low Flow
possible over-inflation of the lungs. A suggestion is PV-Loop.
made to set the positive end-expiratory pressure
(PEEP) on the basis of the lower inflection point Spontaneous breathing or leakages during the
(LIP) and to limit the tidal volume or plateau procedure distort the measured values and should
pressure on the basis of the upper inflection point be ruled out before the application.
(UIP) [30 to 33]**. Other research recommends Depending on the duration of the procedure and
taking into account the expiratory limb of the PV- the metabolic turnover of the patient, the expiratory
Loop when determining the positive end-expiratory limb of a PV-Loop, in particular, can be easily
pressure (PEEP) required to maintain an alveolar influenced by the O2 consumption, which is not
recruitment. Characteristic points on the expiratory offset by a corresponding CO2 production [41,
limb are described in this context as the critical 42]***.
closure pressure (CCP) or the point of maximum
curvature (PMC) [22, 24, 27, 30, 34 to 40]**.
* LPP option
** "References" on page 282 *** "References" on page 282

Insp. O2 concentration during

medication nebulization
WARNING
Use only pneumatic medication nebulizer
8412935 (with white center section). Other
pneumatic medication nebulizers may cause
considerable deviations in tidal volume and
inspiratory O2 concentration!
To minimize the deviation from the set O2

concentration, Evita XL uses blended gas to drive
the nebulizer.
In the Adult patient category, this blended gas is
produced by switching between the supply gases
(medical grade air and oxygen) in synchrony with
inspiration.
In the Ped. and Neo. patient categories, the
nebulizer is driven continuously with air and oxygen
alternating. The driver gas of the nebulizer
therefore roughly corresponds to the set FiO2.
applied O2 concentration FiO2 Vol.%
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
set O2 concentration FiO2 Vol.%
098
The graph shows the possible deviations of the

applied O2 concentration as a function of the set
FiO2 with a minimal inspiratory flow (15 L/min) in
the Adult patient category and at respiratory
rates above 12 bpm in the Ped. and Neo.
patient categories.

Alarm – Detection/Description
Generally, visual and audible alarms are

immediately output when the alarm conditions have
been detected. However, detection of the alarm
conditions depends upon the ventilation
parameters and filter algorithms.
Cases in which Evita XL alarm messages are
subject to delay times are described below.
The table contains only those alarm messages
which are either subject to an alarm delay time or
for which detection is additionally described. The
alarm messages are listed in alphabetical order.
Message Detection/Description
Air supply down !!! The gas supply pressure at the Air inlet connector is less than:
– 1.2 bar (17.4 psi) for 3 seconds
Air supply down !
– 2.5 bar (36.3 psi) for max. 15 seconds
In the event of an alarm, Evita XL switches the gas supply over to
oxygen.
Air supply pressure high !! The gas supply pressure at the Air inlet connector is greater than 6 bar
(87 psi).
Air supply pressure high !
Airway obstructed ?!!! Detection in the Adult and Pediatric patient categories (without
neonatal flow sensor):
Too little of the applied and leakage-compensated volume reaches the
patient for 3 ventilation cycles.
Detection when using a neonatal flow sensor:
inspiratory flow is too low for 5 ventilation cycles.
Airway pressure high !!! The upper alarm limit for the airway pressure has been exceeded. The
device immediately reduces the airway pressure to the set PEEP. If this
is not successful and the upper alarm limit is exceeded by 5 cmH2O,
the airway pressure is reduced to ambient pressure.
Airway pressure low !!! Only effective at a set PEEP of at least 3 cmH2O. The set PEEP has
not been reached during expiration. The alarm delay time is dependent
on the extent of the pressure difference and is not shorter than
5 seconds.

Apnea !!! Insufficient inspiratory and expiratory breathing activity of the patient
has been measured within the set TApnea alarm limit time.
The apnea measurement time of the set TApnea alarm limit is restarted
by:
– Expiratory Hold
– Manual inspiration (inspiratory hold)
The alarm is delayed due to a pending Airway pressure low !!! alarm
Apnea ventilation !! The device has detected apnea and has automatically switched over to
apnea ventilation.
The start of apnea ventilation is delayed due to the Airway pressure
high !!! and Airway pressure low !!! alarms.
Apnea ventilation cannot be performed in the CMV, ILV, MMV, and
PCV+ Assist ventilation modes.
Back-up ventilation !!! Only displayed in the Neonatal patient category, but not in the Mask
(NIV) application mode.
The inspiratory flow for 5 mandatory breaths is too low.
Neonatal flow measurement is defective or deactivated.
In case of Airway pressure low !!! alarm.
Breathing cycle not detected No sufficient inspiratory breathing activity has been detected in the
!!! patient for 15 seconds or the set TApnea alarm limit time (whichever is
longer).
The detection time is restarted by:
– Expiratory hold
– Manual inspiration (inspiratory hold)
In the Mask (NIV) application mode, with the TApnea alarm limit
deactivated, the detection time is 60 seconds.
Clean CO2 cuvette !!! The alarm message is displayed when the intensity of the measuring
light is excessively low.
Possible causes:
– Cuvette or sensor windows are dirty
– Bulb in sensor is faulty
The alarm delay time is 10 seconds.

CO2 sensor ?!!! Possible causes:
– The CO2 sensor is not connected when CO2 monitoring is activated
– The CO2 sensor is not mounted on the cuvette after zero calibration
– The CO2 sensor is used on a clean cuvette following zero
calibration of the CO2 sensor on a dirty park bracket or a cuvette
with dirty windows.
– The sensor is defective
CO2 zero ?!!! The measured CO2 partial pressure is negative (below –3 mmHg).
etCO2 high !!! Upper alarm limit for end-expiratory CO2 concentration has been
exceeded. The alarm is delayed by 15 seconds.
etCO2 low !!! Lower alarm limit for end-expiratory CO2 concentration has been
exceeded. The alarm is delayed by 15 seconds.
Execute device check !! When the device is switched on, the currently measured ambient
pressure is compared with the stored ambient pressure measured
during the last device check. The deviation is greater than 8 %.
Exp. valve error !!! Only in volume-controlled ventilation modes:
A high expiratory volume has been measured during three consecutive
mandatory inspiratory breaths.
Ext. battery - Voltage high ! The voltage of the connected external battery is too high. The message
is delayed by 48 seconds.
Ext. battery polarity reversed Polarity of the external battery has been reversed during connection.
! The voltage measured is negative. The message is delayed by
50 seconds.
Fan error ?!!! Temperature in device is too high (>70 °C (158 °F)). See also Fan
malfunction ! message.
Fan malfunction ! Temperature in device is too high (exceeds 65 °C (149 °F)). See also
Fan error ?!!! message.
FiO2 high !!! Upper alarm limit for inspiratory O2 concentration has been exceeded
for at least 20 seconds.
In the case of FiO2 settings up to 59 Vol.%, the permitted deviation is
+4 Vol.%,
In the case of FiO2 settings above 60 Vol.%, the permitted deviation is
+6 Vol.%.
The message is suppressed for 60 seconds:
– when the device is switched on
– when the FiO2 setting is changed
– when standby mode is ended
– when O2 therapy is ended

FiO2 low !!! Lower alarm limit for inspiratory O2 concentration has been exceeded
for at least 20 seconds.
In the case of FiO2 settings up to 59 Vol.%, the permitted deviation is
–4 Vol.%,
In the case of FiO2 settings above 60 Vol.%, the permitted deviation is
–6 Vol.%.
– when the FiO2 setting is changed
– when O2 therapy is ended
Flow measurement out of The expiratory flow sensor cannot be calibrated.
range !!!
Expiratory flow sensor wire is broken.
A flow exceeding 100 L/min has been measured for 15 seconds.
The measured expiratory minute volume has been 20 % higher than
the delivered inspiratory minute volume for 60 seconds.
Hose kinked !! An inspiratory pressure exceeding 30 cmH2O is measured for more
than 30 seconds during O2 therapy.
Loss of data !!! The stored ventilation and configuration parameters have been
detected as faulty following start-up of the device. If the parameters
cannot be restored, Evita XL starts up with the factory settings.
MEDIBUS COM. error ! The data connection to the COM interface has been interrupted.
The alarm is delayed by 120 seconds.
MV high !!! The minute volume has exceeded the upper alarm limit.
– when bronchial suctioning is ended
– when a Low Flow PV-Loop procedure has been performed
MV low !!! The minute volume has fallen below the lower alarm limit.
– when bronchial suctioning is ended
– when a Low Flow PV-Loop procedure has been performed

Nebulizer failure !!! To minimize the deviation from the set O2 concentration, blended gas
consisting of Air and O2 is used to drive the medication nebulizer. The
time each gas is used to drive the nebulizer is monitored.
The O2 concentration of the gas flow driving the medication nebulizer
deviates from the set O2 concentration by more than 5 Vol.%. In extre-
me cases, the medication nebulizer is driven only by O2 or by Air.
The total flow reaching the patient consists of:
– Inspiratory flow of min. 9 L/min, monitored by the FiO2 monitoring
function
– Nebulizer flow of 6 L/min
The measuring duration of the O2 concentration in the nebulizer flow is
30 seconds. Only the time the nebulizer valve is open is taken into
account.
NeoFlow measurement error The neonatal flow sensor cannot be calibrated.
!!!
Neonatal flow sensor wire is broken.
NeoFlow measurement error
The measured expiratory minute volume has been 20 % higher than
!
the measured inspiratory minute volume for 60 seconds.
NeoFlow sensor ?!!! The neonatal flow sensor is not installed in the breathing circuit.
Adequate inspiratory flow and expiratory flow are not measured within
NeoFlow sensor ?!
8 seconds.
In the Neonatal patient category, a Warning message is displayed.
In the Pediatric patient category, a Note message is displayed.
O2 measurement out of range The O2 sensor cannot be calibrated.
!!!
The measured O2 value is lower than 15 Vol.%.
The measured O2 value is higher than 106 Vol.%.
O2 supply down !!! The gas supply pressure at the O2 inlet connector is less than:
– 1.2 bar (17.4 psi) for 3 seconds
O2 supply down !
– 2.5 bar (36.3 psi) for max. 15 seconds
In the event of an alarm, Evita XL switches the gas supply over to
compressed air.
O2 supply pressure high !! The gas supply pressure at the O2 inlet connector is greater than 6 bar
(87 psi).
O2 supply pressure high !
PEEP high !!! The measured PEEP is higher than the set value:
– higher by 8 cmH2O for 2 ventilation cycles or 15 seconds
– higher by 5 cmH2O for 10 ventilation cycles
PEEP valve error !!! The measured PEEP is 5 cmH2O lower than the set value for
10 ventilation cycles.

Pressure limited ! The maximum airway pressure is limited to Pmax.
In ATC application mode:
The resulting airway pressure has reached the pressure limit of PAW
– 5 cmH2O during two consecutive ventilation cycles and is limited to
that pressure limit.
Pressure meas. error !!! The internal pressure sensors cannot be automatically calibrated.
The pressure difference between inspiratory and expiratory pressure
sensors has been greater than 5 cmH2O for 30 seconds.
The pressure difference between the first and second measurement
channel of the inspiratory pressure sensor has been greater than
5 cmH2O for 30 seconds.
Temperature high !!! Breathing gas temperature is above 40 °C (104 °F).
Temperature meas. error !!! The device has detected a short circuit in the breathing gas
temperature sensor for 1 second.
Temperature sensor ?!!! Temperature sensor probe has been disconnected during operation.
The alarm remains active until the sensor is reconnected. If the sensor
cannot be reconnected, the device must be switched off and back on
again.
Tidal volume high !!! The upper alarm limit for the applied inspiratory tidal volume VTi has
been exceeded. If the message Tidal volume high !!! is displayed
Tidal volume high !
during three consecutive mandatory breaths
Vol. not const., pressure The set volume is not reached for 2 mandatory breaths.
limited !!

Screen Configurations
Screen configurations 2 to 6 are only available with The table lists the settings with which the six
the XL Configuration Plus option. memory locations are pre-assigned at the factory.
Measured values and waveforms which are
The Curve + Shorttrend display is only available
assigned to a certain option (e.g., CO2) are only
with the XL Monitoring Plus option.
available when the option is activated.
To store customized screen configurations, see
"Screen configurations" on page 159.
Screen configurations
1 2 3 4 5 6
Standard Mandatory SmartCare Spontaneous APRV NIV
ventilation breathing
or
recruitment
Waveform
display
Curve only PAW PAW PAW PAW PAW PAW
Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow Flow
Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume Volume
Curve + PAW-MV PAW-C PAW-f PAW-RSBi PAW-C PAW-MV
Shorttrend
Flow-VTe Flow-R Flow- Flow-P0.1 Flow-R Flow-VTe
Volume
Volume-f Volume- Volume- Volume- Volume- Volume-f
CO2 RSBi CO2 CO2
Curve + - PAW-EIP / - - - -
RecrTrend PEEP
- Flow-VTe - - - -
- Volume-C - - - -
Loops PAW-V/ PAW-V/ PAW-V/ PAW-V/ PAW-V/ PAW-V/
left/right V-Flow PTrach-V PTrach-V PTrach-V PTrach-V PTrach-V
Flow-PAW/ Flow-PAW/ Flow-PAW/ Flow-PAW/ Flow-PAW/ Flow-PAW/
PAW-V Flow-PTrach Flow-PTrach Flow-PTrach Flow-PTrach Flow-PTrach
PAW-V/ V-Flow/ V-Flow/ V-Flow/ V-Flow/ V-Flow/
V-Flow V-CO2 V-CO2 V-CO2 V-CO2 V-CO2

1 2 3 4 5 6
or
recruitment
Trend MV MV fspn MV MV MV
VTe VTe MV VTe VTe VTe
f CO2 Diagnosis CO2 CO2 f
Trend selection MV MV MV MV MV MV
VTe VTe VTe VTe VTe VTe
f f f f f f
CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2
R R R R R R
C C C C C C
P0.1 P0.1 P0.1 P0.1 P0.1 P0.1
RSBi RSBi RSBi RSBi RSBi RSBi
- - SC-Trends - - -
- - SC-Trends - - -
Buttons in the - O2↑ suction O2↑ suction O2↑ suction O2↑ suction O2↑ suction
main menu bar - PEEPi Diagnosis P0.1 Nebulizer NeoFlow
sensor
- Low Flow SC- NIF Values Nebulizer
PV-Loop Overview
- Nebulizer SC-Data Nebulizer Logbook Values
- Values SC-Logbook Values Day / Night Logbook
- Logbook SC-Trends Logbook - Diagnostics
- Day / Night Day / Night Day / Night - Day / Night

1 2 3 4 5 6
or
recruitment
Measured
values
Group 1 Ppeak FiO2 FiO2 FiO2 FiO2 FiO2
1 2 3
Pmean Ppeak-Pmean fspn Ppeak-Pmean Ppeak-Pmean VTi

PEEP VT-VTe VT-etCO2 VT-VTe VT-VTe VTe
VTe ftotal-fspn SC-fspn ftotal-fspn ftotal-fspn MV
MV MV-MVspn SC-VT MV-MVspn MV-MVspn MVspn
ftotal R-C SC-etCO2 R-C R-C VT PSupp
Group 2 Ppeak Pmean Diagnosis Pmean Pmean Pmean
1 2 3
Pmean- Ppeak Phase Ppeak Ppeak Ppeak

PEEP
VTe-VT Pmin Duration Pmin Pmin Pmin
PSupp
MV-MVspn Pplat SC-fspn Pplat Pplat Pplat

ftotal-fspn PEEP SC-VT PEEP PEEP PEEP
FiO2 MV SC-etCO2 MV MV MV
Group 3 Ppeak CO2 fspn-MV CO2 CO2 RSBi
1 2 3
Pmean- Vds/VTe etCO2- Vds/VTe Vds/VTe R

PEEP Vds/VTe
VTe etCO2 PEEP-Ppeak etCO2 etCO2 C
etCO2- VTe R VT PSupp - -
CO2
R Pmean C NIF - -
C MV - RSBi - -

1 2 3 4 5 6
or
recruitment
Customized Mode Mode Mode Mode Mode Mode
settings Modeext. Modeext. Modeext. Modeext. Modeext. Modeext.
Flow Patient Patient VT f Patient
Thigh VT ATC state f Pmax VT
Tlow f Tube ID Pmax O2 f
O2 O2 O2 O2 Thigh O2
VT Pmax PSupp. Flow Tlow Flow
f Flow PEEP Tinsp Phigh Tinsp
Tinsp Tinsp Slope I:E Plow I:E
Pmax I:E - Pinsp PEEP Pinsp
PEEP Pinsp - PEEP ATC state Pmax
PSupp. PEEP - ATC state Tube ID PSupp.
Pinsp ATC state - Tube ID - Slope
Phigh Tube ID - Vol.Assist - PEEP
Plow Slope - FlowAssist - -
Customized MV FiO2 MV FiO2 FiO2 FiO2
values MVspn Ppeak MVspn Ppeak Ppeak Ppeak
Ppeak Pplat VT Pplat Pplat Pplat
Pplat Pmean VTe Pmean Pmean Pmean
Pmean Pmin R Pmin Pmin Pmin
PEEP PEEP C PEEP PEEP PEEP
ftotal MV ftotal MV MV MV
fspn MVspn fspn MVspn MVspn MVspn
- VT etCO2 VT VTe VT
fspn VTe Vds VTe etCO2 VTe
- etCO2 Vds/VTe etCO2 CO2 R
- CO2 CO2 CO2 R C
VTe R FiO2 R C ftotal
VT PSupp C PEEP C ftotal fmand
- ftotal Ppeak ftotal fmand fspn

1 2 3 4 5 6
or
recruitment
- fmand Pmean fmand fspn RSBi
R fspn NIF fspn - -
C RSBi P0.1 RSBi - -

References
[1] Baum, M., Benzer, H., Mutz, N., Pauser, G., [9] Räsänen J, Cane R, Downs J, et al. (1991):
Tonczar, L.: Inversed Ratio Ventilation (IRV) Airway pressure release ventilation during
Die Rolle des Atemzeitverhältnisses in der acute lung injury: A prospective multicenter
Beatmung beim ARDS trial.
Anaesthesist 29 (1980), 592-596 Critical Care Medicine 19:1234 -1241
[2] Geyer, A., Goldschmied, W., Koller, W., [10] Sassoon CSH, TeTT, Mahutte CK, Light RW:
Winter, G.: Störung der Gerätefunktion bei Airway occlusion pressure. An important
Anbringung eines Bakterienfilters in den indicator for succesful weaning in patients
Exspirationsschenkeln des with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Beatmungssystems Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135:107-113
Anaesthesist 34 (1985), 129-133 [11] E. Voigt:
[3] Baum, M., Benzer, H., Putensen, Ch., BIPAP Anwendungshinweise und Kasuistik.
Koller, W., Putz, G.:Biphasic Positive Airway Dräger-Mitteilungen "Medizintechnik aktuell"
Pressure (BIPAP) – eine neue Form der 1/94
augmentierenden Beatmung [12] E. Bahns:
Anaesthesist 38 (1989), 452-458 BIPAP – Zwei Schritte nach vorn in der
[4] Luger, Th.J., Putensen, Ch., Baum, M., Beatmung
Schreithofer, D., Morawetz, R.F., Dräger Fibel zur Evita Beatmung
Schlager, A.: [13] H. Burchardi, J. Rathgeber, M. Sydow:
Entwöhnung eines Asthmatikers mit Biphasic The Concept of Analgo-Sedation depends on
Positive Airway Pressure (BIPAP) unter the Concept of Mechanical Ventilation
kontinuierlicher Sufentanil Gabe Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency
Anaesthesist (1990) 39: 557-560 Medicine, 1995, Springer Verlag
[5] Hensel, I.: [14] M. Sydow, H. Burchardi, E. Ephraim,
Atemnotsyndrom nach Beinahe-Ertrinken S. Zeilmann, T. Crozier:
Rettung durch neuartiges Long-term Effects of Two Different Ventilatory
Beatmungsprogramm? Modes on Oxygenation in Acute Lung Injury
Rettungsdienst 11 (Nov. 1991), 737-739 American Journal of Respiratory and Critical
[6] Meyer, J.: Care Medicine, Vol 149, 1994
Neue Beatmungsformen [15] R. Kuhlen, S. Hausmann, D. Pappert,
Anästhesiol. Intensivmed. Notfallmed. K. Slama, R. Rossaint, K. Falke:
Schmerzther. A new method for P0.1 measurement using
26 (1991) 337 - 342 standard respiratory equipment
[7] Vincent, J.-L.: Intensive Care Med (1995) 21
Yearbook of Intensive care and Emergency [16] Yang, K.L.; Tobin, M.J.:
Medicine A Prospective Study of Indexes Prediction
Springer-Verlag 1993 the Outcome Of Trials of Weaning from
[8] Stock MC, Downs JB, Frolicher D (1987): Mechanical Ventilation The New England
Airway pressure release ventilation. Journal of Medicine, 1991, 324, S. 1445-1450
Critical Care Medicine 15:462 - 466

[17] Tobin, Jubran, A.: [26] Rouby J-J.; Vieira S:

Advances in Respirators Monitoring During Pressure/volume curves and lung computed
Mechanical Ventilation tomography in acute respiratory distress
CHEST 1999, 116, S. 1416-1425 syndrome
[18] Tobin, M.J., Charles, G.A.: European Respiratory Journal,
Discontinuation of Mechanical Ventilation in: 1 August 2003, vol. 22, no. Supplement 42,
Tobin, M.J. Principles and Practice of pp. 27-36(10)
Mechanical Ventilation, 1994, S. 1177-1206 [27] Mehta S, Stewart TE, MacDonald R, Hallett
[19] Guttmann, Wolf et al: D, Banayan D, Lapinsky S, Slutsky A:
Continuous Calculation of Tracheal Pressure Temporal change, reproducibility, and
in Tracheally Intubated Patients, interobserver variability in pressure-volume
Anesthesiology, Vol.79, Sept. 1993. curves in adults with acute lung injury and
acute respiratory distress syndrome.
[20] Younes, M.: Crit Care Med. 2003 Aug; 31(8): 2118-25.
Proportional Assist Ventilation, Principles an
d Practice of Mechanical Ventilation, [28] Servillo G, De Robertis E, Maggiore S,
Tobin, M.J. (ed.), McGraw-Hill, 1994. Lemaire F, Brochard L, Tufano R:
The upper inflection point of the pressure-
[21] Guttmann, Wolf et al: volume curve. Influence of methodology and
Continuous Calculation of Tracheal Pressure of different modes of ventilation
in Tracheally Intubated Patients, Intensive Care Med. 2002 Jul; 28(7): 842-9.
Anesthesiology, Vol.79, Sept. 1993. Epub 2002 May 31.
[22] Gama AM, Meyer EC, Gaudencio AM, [29] Servillo G, Svantesson C, Beydon L,
Grunauer MA, Amato MB, de Carvalho CR, Roupie E, Brochard L, Lemaire F, Jonson B:
Barbas CS: Different low constant flows can Pressure-volume curves in acute respiratory
equally determine the lower inflection point in failure: automated low flow inflation versus
acute respiratory distress syndrome patients occlusion.
Artif Organs. 2001 Nov; 25(11): 882-9. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997
[23] Blanc Q, Sab JM, Philit F, Langevin B, May;155(5):1629-36.
Thouret JM, Noel P, Robert D, Guerin C: [30] Takeuchi M, Goddon S, Dolhnikoff M,
Inspiratory pressure-volume curves obtained Shimaoka M, Hess D, Amato MB,
using automated low constant flow inflation Kacmarek RM:
and automated occlusion methods in ARDS Set positive end-expiratory pressure during
patients with a new device. Intensive Care protective ventilation affects lung injury.
Med. 2002 Jul; 28(7): 990-4. Epub 2002 Anesthesiology. 2002 Sep; 97(3): 682-92.
Jun 12.
[31] Matamis D, Lemaire F, Harf A, Brun-
[24] Albaiceta GM, Piacentini E, Villagra A, Lopez- Buisson C, Ansquer JC, Atlan G:
Aguilar J, Taboada F, Blanch L: Total respiratory pressure-volume curves in
Application of continuous positive airway the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
pressure to trace static pressure-volume Chest. 1984 Jul; 86(1): 58-66.
curves of the respiratory system.
Crit Care Med. 2003 Oct; 31(10): 2514-9 [32] Suter PM, Fairley B, Isenberg MD:
Optimum end-expiratory airway pressure in
[25] Bensenor FE, Vieira JE, Auler JO Jr: patients with acute pulmonary failure.
Guidelines for inspiratory flow setting when N Engl J Med. 1975 Feb 6; 292(6): 284-9.
measuring the pressure-volume relationship.
Anesth Analg. 2003 Jul; 97(1): 145-50, table
of contents.

[33] Amato MB, Barbas CS, Medeiros DM, [40] Rimensberger PC, Pristine G, Mullen BM,
Schettino Gde P, Lorenzi Filho G, Kairalla RA, Cox PN, Slutsky AS:
Deheinzelin D, Morais C, Fernandes Ede O, Lung recruitment during small tidal volume v
Takagaki TY, et al: entilation allows minimal positive end-
Beneficial effects of the "open lung expiratory pressure without augmenting lung
approach" with low distending pressures in injury.
acute respiratory distress syndrome. A Crit Care Med. 1999 Sep; 27(9): 1940-5.
prospective randomized study on mechanical [41] Dall'ava-Santucci J, Armaganidis A, Brunet F,
ventilation. Dhainaut JF, Chelucci GL, Monsallier JF,
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Dec; Lockhart A:
152(6 Pt 1): 1835-46. Causes of error of respiratory pressure-
[34] Arnold JH: volume curves in paralyzed subjects.
To recruit or not derecruit: that is the question. J Appl Physiol. 1988 Jan; 64(1): 42-9.
Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug; 30(8): 1925-7. [42] Gattinoni L, Mascheroni D, Basilico E, Foti G,
[35] Harris RS, Hess DR, Venegas JG: Pesenti A, Avalli L:
An objective analysis of the pressure-volume Volume/pressure curve of total respiratory
curve in the acute respiratory distress system in paralysed patients: artefacts and
syndrome. correction factors.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Feb; Intensive Care Med. 1987; 13(1):19-25.
161(2 Pt 1): 432-9.
[36] Hickling KG:
The pressure-volume curve is greatly
modified by recruitment. A mathematical
model of ARDS lungs.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998 Jul;
158(1):194-202.
[37] Kallet RH:
Pressure-volume curves in the management
of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Respir Care Clin N Am. 2003 Sep; 9(3): 321-
41.
[38] Pelosi P, Gattinoni L:
Respiratory mechanics in ARDS: a siren for
physicians? Intensive Care Med. 2000 Jun;
26(6): 653-6.
[39] Rimensberger PC, Cox PN, Frndova H,
Bryan AC: The open lung during small tidal
volume ventilation: concepts of recruitment
and "optimal" positive end-expiratory
pressure.
Crit Care Med. 1999 Sep; 27(9): 1946-52

Special ASCII Characters Used
Character Description Hexadecimal code Control

characters
NUL Zero 00 ^@
Fill character
SOH Start of Heading 01 Â
STX Start of Text 02 ^B
ETX End of Text 03 ^C
EOT End of Transmission 04 ^D
ENQ Enquiry 05 Ê
ACK Acknowledge 06 ^F
BEL Bell 07 ^G
BS Backspace 08 ^H
HT Horizontal Tabulation 09 Î
LF Line Feed 0A ^J
VT Vertical Tabulation 0B ^K
FF Form Feed 0C ^L
CR Carriage Return 0D ^M
SO Shift Out 0E ^N
SI Shift In 0F Ô
DLE Data Link Espace 10 ^P
DC1 Device Control 1 11 ^Q

Character Description Hexadecimal code Control

characters
DC2 Device Control 2 12 ^R
DC3 Device Control 3 13 ^S
DC4 Device Control 4 14 ^T
NAK Negative Acknowledge 15 Û
SYN Synchronous Idle 16 ^V
ETB End of Transmission Block 17 ^W
CAN Cancel 18 ^X
EM End of Medium 19 ^Y
SUB Substitute 1A ^Z
ESC Escape 1B ^[
FS File Separator 1C ^\
GS Group Separator 1D ^]
RS Record Separator 1E ^^
US Unit Separator 1F ^_
SP Space 20
DEL Delete 7F

Parts List
For use in the Adult patient category
119
Item Designation/Description Part No. Item Designation/Description Part No.
No. No.
1 Evita XL or 8419601 7a Cooling air filter (back of 8412384
Evita XL 8414900 Evita XL, not illust.)
2 Tray 8414828 8, 8a EvitaMobil trolley with column 8414455

extension1)
3 SpiroLife flow sensor, can be MK01900
autoclaved or 8b Cylinder holder set, 8411970
EvitaMobil (not illust.)
Spirolog flow sensor 8403735
(5 pcs.) 8c Breathing air compressor 8414350
(not illust.)
4 Expiratory valve 8410580
(patient system) or 10 Aquapor EL 8414698
Disposable expiratory valve 8414776 10.1 Patient part for Aquapor EL 8405029
(10 pcs.) 10.2 Rail clamp set 8403345
5 Humidifier holder 8411956 11 Temperature sensor 8405371
6 O2 sensor capsule 6850645 12-23 Breathing circuit, adult 8412092
7 Ambient air filter 8412384 (blue sleeve)


No. No.
12 Spiral hose, adult, 2165627 Humidifier holder, variable G93111
silicone 0.6 m height
13- Water trap 8404985 Gas cylinder holder G93110
13.1 Set Velcro fastener G93143
13.1 Container 8403976
1) Only available for the US market
14 Spiral hose, adult, 2165619
silicone 0.35 m
15 Adapter M25647
16 ISO mask elbow M25649
17 Y-piece, straight 8405435
18 Catheter connector, straight, M23841
size 12.5 (10 pcs.)
19 Hose clamp 8403566
20 Corrugated hose 8402041
21 Catheter connector set, 8403685
adult Catheter connectors,
adult, size 6 to size 12
(12 pcs.)
22 Adapter, adult 8403076
23 Cap (5 pcs.) 8402918
23a Blue adult test lung (bag) 8403201
23b White adult test lung 8401892
24- Hinged arm 8409609
24b or
Quick-fix hinged arm 2 2M85706
24a Holder 8409746
24b Hose clip 8409841
25 CO2 mainstream sensor 6871500
26 Reusable cuvette, adult or 6870279
Disposable cuvette, adult MP01062
(10 pcs.)
27 Park bracket for CO2 sensor 8412840
For Evita XL Mobil trolley (not illust.):
Evita XL Mobil trolley G93160
Universal holder with stan- G93140
dard rail

For use in the Pediatric and Neonatal

patient categories
118
No. No.
1 Evita XL / Evita XL Neo 8419601 8, 8a EvitaMobil trolley with column 8414455
Evita XL Neo 8416950 extension1)
2 Tray 8414828 8b Cylinder holder set, 8411970

EvitaMobil (not illust.)
3 SpiroLife flow sensor, can be MK01900
autoclaved or 8c Breathing air compressor 8414350
(not illust.)
Spirolog flow sensor 8403735
(5 pcs.) 24- Hinged arm 8409609
24b or
4 Expiratory valve 8410580
(patient system) Quick-fix hinged arm 2 2M85706
5 Bracket 8411956 24a Holder 8409746
6 O2 sensor capsule 6850645 24b Hose clamp 8409841
7 Ambient air filter 8412384 25-28 Humidifier basic unit MR 850 8414144
7a Cooling air filter (back of 8412384 26 Hose heater adapter 8414968

Evita XL, not illust.) 27 Mounting set (clamp for rail) 8411074
28 Dual temperature sensor 8414989


No. No.
29-30 Humidifier chamber MR 340 8411047 Neonatal flow sensor ISO 15 8411130
incl. 100 pcs. filter paper Insert for neonatal flow
30 Filter paper for MR 340 8411073 sensor (set of 5 pcs.) 8410179
(200 pcs. not illust. "Water trap" kit 8413125
31 Draw wire 1.5 m (not illust.) 8411050 Cuvette, pediatric, for CO2 6870280
32-43 Dräger breathing circuit for 8414987 measurement
MR 850, heated on Corrugated hose, 0.13 m 8409634
inspiratory side, water trap on
expiratory side For Evita XL Mobil trolley (not illust.):
32- Condensate trap for 8409627 Evita XL Mobil trolley G93160

32a expiratory side Universal holder with stan- G93140
32 Container 8403976 dard rail
33 Double cone 8409897 Humidifier holder, variable G93111

height
34 Temperature sensor holder 8411044
Gas cylinder holder G93110
35 Adapter K90 8403075
Set Velcro fastener G93143
36 Cap 8401645
1) Only available for the US market
37 Bellows, pediatric, complete 8409742
38 Corrugated hose, flex., 8409634
0.13 m
39 Catheter connector, size 11 M19351
40 Spiral hose, pediatric, 2165856
silicone 22/10, 0.40 m
44 Hose heater 1.10 m 8411045
45 Bacterial filter MX02650
46 CO2 mainstream sensor 6871500
47 Reusable cuvette, pediatric 6870280
or
Disposable cuvette, pediatric MP01063
(10 pcs.)
48 Park bracket for CO2 sensor 8412840
Flow sensor cable 8409626

Index
Index
A B
Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Back Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Bacterial filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
disinfecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Battery
Acknowledging alarm message . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 charge indication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Active nebulizer "Aeroneb Pro" . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 charge state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Additional settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
configure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Charging times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Airtight Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 connect external . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Alarm – Cause – Remedy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Alarm – Detection/Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 external . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111, 116
Alarm limits internal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111, 115
deactivating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Operating times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Battery maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
setting start-up defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Breathing circuit
Alarm messages, CO2 monitoring . . . . . . . . . . 144 connecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Alarm priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 removing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Alarm, power failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Analog interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Apnea ventilation Breathing gas humidification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 Breathing gas humidifier
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 assembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 connecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Application mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
APRV Bronchial suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 BTPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Buttons with a Fixed Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Buttons, additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Areas of explosion hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Assembling, parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 C
ATC
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 Calibration of the CO2 sensor
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 checking with test filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 with calibration gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Audible alarm CapnoPlus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
silencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124, 170
volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Central gas supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
AutoFlow Changing the ventilation mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Charge indication of the batteries . . . . . . . . . . 113
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Charge state of the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Charging batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Charging times of the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Checking Readiness for Operation . . . . . . . . . 70
Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Cleaning agent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Cleaning protective grid for patient part heater 206
Cleaning, manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Index
CMV, settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Displaying loops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

CO2 sensor Displaying trends (1-24 h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
calibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Disposable cuvettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
disassembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 Disposal of the medical device . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 E
CO2 zero calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Color scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . 223
Computed Value Displays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 EMC Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Condensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 EMC/ESD risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Configurable buttons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Entering the Humidification Type . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Environment of Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Configuring interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Connecting to the gas supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Event of an alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Connecting to the power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Evita Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Connection with other electrical equipment . . . . . 8 Evita Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 EvitaMobil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Control Panel EvitaXL without options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Operating Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 EvitaXLMobil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26, 45
System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Expiration, manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Control panel Expiratory Hold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Expiratory valve
Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 assembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Country-specific settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 disassembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
CPAP/PSupp installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 removing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Customized tables of measured values and set- sterilizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
tings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 External battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
connecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
D installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
External Flow Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
DC power pack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 F
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
DC power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
DC socket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Fisher & Paykel MR 850 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Flow compensation, external . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Device Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Flow measurement, principle of operation . . . 261,
Diagnostic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 264
Dialog windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Flow monitoring, switching on or off . . . . . . . . 151
Disassembling and reprocessing Flow sensor
pneumatic medication nebulizer . . . . . . . . 192 calibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Disassembling components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Disinfectants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 removing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Disinfecting surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 Flow sensor flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Flow trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Display language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Displaying (1h) trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Freeze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Displaying Alarm Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Front Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Displaying Graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Functional Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Index
G Measured values
displaying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Gas supply via compressed gas cylinders . . . . 61 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Gas switch-over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Measurements, principle of operation . . . . . . 261
MEDIBUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 120
H Medication nebulization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Medication nebulizer
Header bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 disassembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
HME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
medication nebulizer
I assembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
MMV
ILV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
ILVMaster, settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
ILVSlave, settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 19, 137
Inspiration, manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Installing a CO2 cuvette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Installing an O2 sensor capsule . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Monitoring area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Intended Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Internal battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 N
Interruption of power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Intrinsic PEEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Nebulization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Negative Inspiratory Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
L NeoFlow Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
switching on or off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Neonatal flow measurement, principle of operation
Leakage compensation, principle of operation 264 264
Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Neonatal flow sensor
Low Flow PV-Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 calibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 disassembling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Lung Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
LUST protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 replacing insert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
M sterilizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Machine cleaning and disinfection . . . . . . . . . . 196 NIF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Main menu bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 NIV
Main screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Mains power supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Non-invasive ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 203 Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124, 170
Maintenance Intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 NTPD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Manual Nurse Call
Expiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
inspiration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Nurse call
ventilation device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 connecting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Manual cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Manual disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Materials Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

Index
O Pressure limited ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Pressure limiting, manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
O2 concentration, medication nebulization . . . 270 Principle of measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
O2 measurement, principle of operation . . . . . 264 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
O2 monitoring, switching on or off . . . . . . 152, 153 Printer protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
O2 sensor Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
calibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 PSupp.
disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
O2 Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 PV Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Occlusion pressure P0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 R
On-Screen Alarm Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Radford nomogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Opening ventilation settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Rapid Shallow Breathing, principle of operation . .
Operating Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 267
Operating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 Recruitment Trend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Operating time with battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Remote Pad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16, 18 Removing and reinserting ambient air filter . . 205
display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Removing and reinserting filter for patient part heat-
er . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
P Replacing cooling air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
P0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Reprocessing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198
Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 Reprocessing Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Patient monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Reusable cuvettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Patient range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Patient safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Patient-part heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
PCV+ S
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
PCV+/PSupp. Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Screen
PCV+Assist brightness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250 Operating Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Screen configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
PEEPi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 factory settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Performing the Device Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Selecting customized measured values . . . . . 158
Placing the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48, 50 Selecting customized tables of measured values
PLV 158
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Selecting real-time waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Selecting screen display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Pneumatic medication nebulizer . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Sensor calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Power characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Power failure alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Setting
Power sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 direct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Power strip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 direct and linked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 linked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Pre- and Postoxygenation for bronchial suctioning Setting date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
99 Setting time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Setting ventilation parameters
Preparation of EvitaXL for ventilation . . . . . . . . 52 on the main screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Index
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 U
country-specific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
system-specific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 UMDNS code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Sigh Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 Use in areas of explosion hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
SIMV
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 V
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
SIMV/PSupp., principle of operation . . . . . . . . 244 Ventilation
Slave mode, settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 additional settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Special ASCII characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Basic settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Standby Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Start-up setting starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
therapy-specific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Ventilation Modes
Start-up settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Start-up settings for ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Ventilation modes
Starting Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Start-up setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Sterilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189, 197 Ventilation parameters
Suctioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82, 87
Switching on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Visual inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Volume of alarm volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
System Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Volume-controlled ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
W
T
Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124, 170
Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 Washer-disinfector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Temperature sensor Weaning parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
removing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 X
reprocessing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Test lung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 XL Configuration Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Therapy bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 XL Monitoring Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Therapy controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 XL Ventilation Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Thermal disinfection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
To display the logbook: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Z
Trademarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Zero point, CO2 sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143, 144
Transportation within the hospital . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Trigger response, principle of operation . . . . . 260
Trigger, settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Trolley
EvitaMobil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
EvitaXLMobil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26, 45
Tube compensation
Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
start-up settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Typing conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

These Instructions for Use only apply to
Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n
with the Serial No.:
If no Serial No. has been filled in by Dräger,
these Instructions for Use are provided for
general information only and are not intended for
use with any specific device or unit.
This document is provided for customer
information only, and will not be updated or
exchanged without customer request.
Manufacturer: Distributed in US by
Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG Draeger Medical, Inc.

Moislinger Allee 53 – 55 3135 Quarry Road
D-23542 Lübeck Telford, PA 18969
Germany U.S.A.
+49 451 8 82-0 (215) 721-5400
FAX +49 451 8 82-20 80 (800) 4DRAGER
http://www.draeger.com (800 437-2437)
FAX (215) 723-5935
http://www.draeger.com
9039577 – GA 5664.690 enUS

© Dräger Medical AG & Co. KG
1st edition– June 2008
Dräger reserves the right to make modifications
to the equipment without prior notice.

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Instructions for Use

Evita XL / Evita XL Neo

WARNING Intensive Care Ventilator

The illustrations show the relationship between

2 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

* Trademark Used Under Licence

Abbreviations and Symbols

Please refer to the sections "Abbreviations"

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 3

4 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

For Your Safety and that of Your Patients . . 7 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 5

Problem Solving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Parts List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Principle of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

6 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

For Your Safety and that of Your Patients

Strictly follow these Instructions for Use . . . . . . 8

General WARNINGS and CAUTIONS . . . . . . 10

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 7

Strictly follow these Instructions for Use Accessories

8 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

Networking Patient safety

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 9

The essential performance consists in controlled

General WARNINGS and CAUTIONS

The following WARNINGS and CAUTIONS apply to WARNING

10 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 11

Note on EMC/ESD risk for the device Ventilation Monitoring

Portable and mobile RF communications – End-expiratory CO2 concentration, etCO2

Reuse, processing or sterilization can lead to a

12 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

Back-up ventilation with an independent

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 13

14 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

Scope of Delivery and Available Options. . . 16

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 15

* In some countries only available under the name

In the intensive care ward or in the recovery room.

Scope of Delivery and Available Options

Evita XL without options – PLV (Pressure Limited Ventilation)

CMV ventilation mode SIMV ventilation mode

16 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

– AutoFlow® If apnea occurs, Evita XL sounds an alarm after the

SB (Spontaneous Breathing) O2 Therapy

Apnea ventilation additional setting Other features

** Optional on Evita 4 and Evita 2 dura with the Evita XL

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 17

Options – PLV (Pressure Limited Ventilation)

* Not available on Evita XL Neo ** Not available on Evita XL Neo

18 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n

NeoFlow External battery for DC power pack

– Airway pressure, PAW

Evita Link – Inspiratory O2 concentration, FiO2

Interface card – Inspiratory breathing gas temperature, T

Output of measured values, status messages and – Apnea time, TApnea

Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n 19

20 Instructions for Use Evita XL / Evita XL Neo SW 7.0n