BS en 1712-1997

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN
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1712:1997
Incorporating
Amendments Nos. 1
and 2
Non-destructive testing
of welds —
Ultrasonic testing of
welded joints —
Acceptance levels
The European Standard EN 1712:1997, with the incorporation of

amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003, has the status of a British Standard
ICS 25.160.40
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Copyright British Standards Institution
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BS EN 1712:1997
National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1712:1997,
including amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in
the text by tags !". Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number
of the amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is
indicated by !".
As agreed by CEN/TC 121/SC 5 resolution 134/2000 and in accordance with
amendment A1:2002, the term “examination” has been replaced by “testing”
throughout the document.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
WEE/46, Non-destructive testing, to Technical Subcommittee WEE/46/-/13,
Ultrasonic examination, which has the responsibility to:
— aid enquirers to understand the text;

— present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the
interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests
informed;
— monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

request to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”,
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or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of

British Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
Amendments issued since publication
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes Amd. No. Date Comments
into effect on 15 December 1997
13991 15 November 2002 See national foreword
© BSI 8 April 2004 14939 8 April 2004 Revision of foreword and deletion of Annex ZA
ISBN 0 580 28906 0

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1712 +A2
August 1997 April 2004
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM + A1
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May 2002
ICS 25.160.40
Descriptors: Welded joints, ferritic steels, non destructive tests, quality control, weld defects, ultrasonic tests, acceptability
English version
Non-destructive testing of welds —

Ultrasonic testing of welded joints —
Acceptance levels
(includes amendments A1:2002 and A2:2003)
Contrôle non destructif des assemblages soudés — Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von

Contrôle par ultrasons des assemblages soudés — Schweißverbindungen —
Niveaux d’acceptation Ultraschallprüfung von Schweißverbindungen —
(inclut l’amendement A1:2002 et A2:2003) Zulässigkeitsgrenzen
(enthält Änderung A1:2002 und A2:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-07-24. Amendment A1

was approved by CEN on 2002-05-01 and amendment A2 was approved by CEN
on 2003-11-20. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels
© 1997 CEN — All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN
national Members.
Ref. No. EN 1712:1997 + A1:2002 +A2:2003 E
EN 1712:1997
Foreword Foreword to amendment A2

This European Standard has been prepared by This document EN 1712:1997/A2:2003 has been
Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, the prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121,
Secretariat of which is held by DS. Welding, the Secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of This amendment to the European Standard
a national standard, either by publication of an EN 1712:1997 shall be given the status of a national
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by standard, either by publication of an identical text
February 1998, and conflicting national standards or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2004, and
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 1998. conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
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According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal at the latest by June 2004.

Regulations, the national standards organizations This document has been prepared under a mandate
of the following countries are bound to implement given to CEN by the European Commission and the
this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech European Free Trade Association.
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Regulations, the national standards organizations
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
of the following countries are bound to implement
Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany,
Foreword to amendment A1 Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
This document EN 1712:1997/A1:2002 has been Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, the United Kingdom.
Welding, the Secretariat of which is held by DS.
This amendment to the European Standard Contents
EN 1712:1997 shall be given the status of a national
standard, either by publication of an identical text Page
or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, Foreword 2
and conflicting national standards shall be
1 Scope 3
withdrawn at the latest by November 2002.
2 Normative references 3
This document has been prepared under a mandate
given to CEN by the European Commission and the 3 Evaluation of indications 3
European Free Trade Association, and supports 3.1 General 3
essential requirements of EU Directive(s). 3.2 Sensitivity setting 3
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see 3.3 Reference level 4
informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of 3.4 Evaluation level 4
this document.
3.5 Recording level 4
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal 3.6 Measurement of indication length 4
Regulations, the national standards organizations
of the following countries are bound to implement 4 Acceptance levels 4
this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech 4.1 General 4
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 4.2 Longitudinal indications 5
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, 4.3 Transverse indications 5
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 4.4 Indications detected by the tandem
technique 5
4.5 Linearly aligned and grouped indications 5
4.6 Cumulative length of acceptable
indications 5
5 Testing report 6
Annex A (normative) Acceptance levels 7
Annex B (normative) Fixed amplitude level
technique 10
2
Copyright British Standards Institution © BSI 8 April 2004
EN 1712:1997
1 Scope
!This European Standard specifies ultrasonic acceptance levels, 2 and 3, for full penetration welded
joints in ferritic steels, which correspond to the quality levels B and C of EN 25817. Other acceptance levels
can be used by specification."
An acceptance level corresponding to level D of EN 25817 has not been included in this standard as
ultrasonic testing is not recommended for this weld quality.
These acceptance levels are applicable to testing carried out in accordance with the standards referred to
in EN 12062. !Text deleted."
The standard is applicable to the testing of full penetration ferritic steel welds, with thicknesses from 8 mm
up to 100 mm. It can also be used for other types of welds, materials and thicknesses above 100 mm,
provided the tests have been performed with necessary consideration of the geometry and acoustical
properties of the component and an adequate sensitivity can be employed to enable the acceptance levels
of this standard to be applied. The nominal frequency of probes used in this European Standard is between
2 MHz and 5 MHz unless attenuation or requirements for higher resolution call for another frequency. The
use of these acceptance levels in conjunction with frequencies outside this range needs to be considered
carefully.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply
to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references
the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 1714, Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing of welded joints.
EN 12062, Non-destructive testing of welds — General rules for metallic materials.
EN 25817, Arc-welded joints in steel — Guidance on quality levels for imperfections.
3 Evaluation of indications
3.1 General
The evaluation of indications shall be performed on indications detected by testing performed in accordance
with EN 1714.
3.2 Sensitivity setting
For each scanning technique the method for sensitivity setting shall be agreed upon prior to the testing and
the same method should normally be used for subsequent testing.
The setting of sensitivity may be performed by:
— method 1: 3 mm diameter side drilled holes;
— method 2: The distance gain size (DGS) system;
— method 3: If a probe angle U70° is used for the thickness range 8 mm k t < 15 mm a rectangular notch
with a depth of 1 mm may be used.
The length of the side drilled holes and notches shall be greater than the width of the sound beam measured
at p20 dB. The width of the notch is not relevant in this application.
The acceptance levels for method 2 are based on the use of the following ultrasonic wave probes given
in Table 1.
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© BSI 8 April 2004

3
EN 1712:1997
Table 1 — Ultrasonic probe frequencies for method 2

Thickness range, t Transverse wave probe frequency Longitudinal wave probe frequency
in mm in MHz in Mhz
8 k t < 15 4 4 to 5
15 k t < 40 2 to 4 2 to 5
40 k t k 100 2 2 to 5
If other probe frequencies are used the effect on the acceptance levels shall be considered and necessary
corrections shall be made.
3.3 Reference level
One of the following methods for setting reference levels shall be used:
— method 1: The reference level is a distance-amplitude-curve (DAC-curve) for a 3 mm diameter side
drilled hole;
— method 2: The reference levels for transverse and longitudinal waves using the distance gain
size (DGS) based on a disc shaped reflector (DSR) are given in Table A.3 and Table A.4 respectively;
— method 3: The reference level is equal to a DAC curve for a 1 mm deep rectangular notch;
— tandem testing: DDSR = 6 mm (for all thicknesses).
3.4 Evaluation level
All indications equal to or exceeding the following shall be evaluated:
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— methods 1 and 3: Reference level p 10 dB (33 % DAC);

— method 2: Reference level p 4 dB, in accordance with Table A.3 and Table A.4 respectively;
— tandem testing: DDSR = 6 mm (for all thicknesses).
3.5 Recording level
When recording levels are not otherwise specified, the following values shall be used:
— recording level for methods 1 and 3:
— acceptance level 2: reference level p 6 dB (50 % DAC);
— acceptance level 3: reference level – 2 dB (80 % DAC).
— recording level for method 2:
— acceptance level 2: reference level;
— acceptance level 3: reference level + 4 dB.
— recording level for tandem testing:
— DDSR = 6 mm (for all thicknesses).
3.6 Measurement of indication length
The length of the indication shall be determined by measuring the distance along the length over which
the echo amplitude is above the evaluation level, using the fixed amplitude level technique described
in Annex B.
In order to achieve a more accurate measurement, a probe having a narrow beam width may be used or
corrections for the influence of the beam width may be performed.
4 Acceptance levels
4.1 General
!The acceptance levels shall be related to the testing techniques (testing levels) as defined in EN 1714.
Acceptance level 2 will normally require at least testing level B, and for acceptance level 3 at least testing
level A. Any other relationship between acceptance levels and testing levels shall be defined by
specification."
The acceptance levels in this clause are valid for all testing levels and for all techniques, including testing
with straight beam probes.
4
EN 1712:1997
Indications are to be evaluated as longitudinal or transverse depending on the orientation of their major
dimension. Where this distinction cannot be clearly made, the indication shall be classified as transverse
if the echo amplitude obtained during the testing of transverse indications exceeds the echo amplitude
obtained during the testing for longitudinal indications by 2 dB or more.
!Evaluation of indications may include discrimination between different imperfection types if defined in
a specification." In such case, the characterization as a planar indication may be used as the primary
discrimination of an acceptable or rejectable indication. In this case all indications with echo amplitude
above the evaluation level shall be characterized, and all that are characterized as planar shall be rejected.
For welds subject to fatigue loading, near surface acceptance levels may be !defined in a specification."
4.2 Longitudinal indications
All indications with echo amplitudes and lengths exceeding the following limits are unacceptable:
– methods 1 and 3: Figure A.1 and Table A.1;

– method 2: Figure A.2 and Table A.2.
Any indication with a length exceeding t, for the thickness range of 8 mm k t < 15 mm, or t/2 or 20 mm,
whichever is the larger, for all other thickness ranges, shall be subject to further testing using additional
probe angle(s), including the tandem technique where applicable. The final evaluation shall be based on
the echo amplitude and length measured at the angle giving the maximum response.
4.3 Transverse indications
All indications exceeding the limits stated in 4.2 are unacceptable.
Transverse indications with echo amplitudes equal to or exceeding the evaluation level shall be classified
by additional ultrasonic scanning, radiography or other testing method to determine their nature. Only
indications that are isolated (i.e. maximum three per metre), whose length is less than 10 mm, are
acceptable if they are planar. If they are non-planar the acceptance level for longitudinal indications shall
apply.
4.4 Indications detected by the tandem technique
Indications detected by the tandem technique (longitudinal and transverse) shall be investigated further
if their echo amplitudes exceed the recording level. Additional ultrasonic or radiographic testing shall be
carried out in order to determine the type and size of the imperfections.
The acceptability of indications detected by the tandem technique is to be !defined by specification."
4.5 Linearly aligned and grouped indications
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Linearly aligned indications shall be considered as continuous if they are separated by a distance, dx, of
less than twice the length of the longest indication. The total, combined length shall then be assessed
against appropriate acceptance levels.
Linearly aligned indications shall satisfy the following:
dy k 5 mm, dz k 5 mm, see Figure 1
Adjacent indications grouped in this way shall not be used for further grouping with additional indications.
Only discrete indications shall be subject to grouping.
After grouping, any recorded and accepted indications in the same cross-section and depth position
(dz k 5 mm) shall be separated by a distance dy > 10 mm. Indications in the same lateral position
(dy k 5 mm) shall be separated by a distance dz > 10 mm. Adjacent indications with smaller distances dy
and dz are not acceptable.
4.6 Cumulative length of acceptable indications
For any length of weld equal to 6t, the maximum cumulative length of all individually acceptable
indications above the recording levels shall not exceed 20 % of this length for acceptance level 2, or 30 % of
this length for acceptance level 3.
© BSI 8 April 2004

5
EN 1712:1997
5 Testing report
All unacceptable and acceptable indications above the recording level shall be included in the testing
report (see EN 1714).
Figure 1 — Geometric configurations for grouped indications
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6
EN 1712:1997
Annex A (normative)
Acceptance levels
Figure A.1 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for methods 1 and 3
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© BSI 8 April 2004

7
EN 1712:1997
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Figure A.2 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for method 2
8
EN 1712:1997
Table A.1 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for methods 1 and 3

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8 mm k t < 15 mm
Indication length, l (mm) Max. permitted echo amplitude
lkt Reference level
l>t Reference level p 6 dB
15 mm k t k 100 mm
l k 0,5t Reference level + 4 dB
0,5t < l k t Reference level p 2 dB
l>t Reference level p 6 dB
Evaluation level: Reference level p 10 dB
Recording levels: Acceptance level 2 = Reference level p 6 dB
Acceptance level 3 = Reference level p 2 dB
Table A.2 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for method 2

8 mm k t < 15 mm
lkt Reference level + 6 dB
l>t Reference level
15 mm k t k 100 mm
l k 0,5t Reference level +10 dB
0,5t < l k t Reference level + 4 dB
l>t Reference level
Evaluation level: Reference level p 4 dB
Recording levels: Acceptance level 2 = Reference level
Acceptance level 3 = Reference level + 4 dB
Table A.3 — Reference levels for angle beam scanning with transverse waves for
method 2 (DGS)
Nominal probe frequency Thickness of parent material
(MHz) (mm)
8 k t < 15 15 k t < 40 40 k t k 100
1,5 to 2,5 — DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm
3 to 5 DDSR = 1 mm DDSR = 1,5 mm —
Table A.4 — Reference levels for longitudinal waves for method 2 (DGS)
Nominal probe frequency Thickness of parent material
(MHz) (mm)
8 k t < 15 15 k t < 40 40 k t k 100
1,5 to 2,5 — DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm
3 to 5 DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 2 mm DDSR = 3 mm
© BSI 8 April 2004

9
EN 1712:1997
Annex B (normative)
Fixed amplitude level technique
The technique measures the lateral dimensions of an indication over which the echo is equal to or greater
than the evaluation level.
To make a measurement the beam is scanned over the indications, and the probe position and beam path
range, at which the echo has fallen to the evaluation level are noted (positions 1 and 2 of Figure B.1).
The lateral dimension, l, is then determined by the distance of the positions 1 and 2.
Figure B.1 — Fixed amplitude level technique using the beam axis
10 © BSI 8 April 2004

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BS EN 1712:1997
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BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

The European Standard EN 1712:1997, with the incorporation of

— aid enquirers to understand the text;

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of

This British Standard, having

ISBN 0 580 28906 0

Copyright British Standards Institution

Non-destructive testing of welds —

Contrôle non destructif des assemblages soudés — Zerstörungsfreie Prüfung von

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-07-24. Amendment A1

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

Foreword Foreword to amendment A2

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal at the latest by June 2004.

© BSI 8 April 2004

Table 1 — Ultrasonic probe frequencies for method 2

— methods 1 and 3: Reference level p 10 dB (33 % DAC);

– methods 1 and 3: Figure A.1 and Table A.1;

© BSI 8 April 2004

Figure 1 — Geometric configurations for grouped indications

Figure A.1 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for methods 1 and 3

© BSI 8 April 2004

Figure A.2 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for method 2

Table A.1 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for methods 1 and 3

Table A.2 — Acceptance levels 2 and 3 for method 2

© BSI 8 April 2004

10 © BSI 8 April 2004

Copyright British Standards Institution

BSI — British Standards Institution

that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.

Copyright British Standards Institution

© BSI 8 April 2004

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