TABLE OF Per 100 CHB

Per 100 CHB Plaster 21

samp,le Jlroblems .................................................... 22-34
PAGE
Reinfo·ree.meJnt ····~·································· .. ····· 34-39
............... ·············· .................................... 39.:.40
of Concrete ................................................... 1-2
Jr-uc,\t.n.w"'tr
................... 41-43
· Excavation and ............................. •............. .. 2-3 All!DWlin(:e Of X"-VU. •••• . . . . . . . . ..
3
uttnertsto~n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. . . . . . . . . . .
46-4 7
Concrete Pn>PC•:ttl,oru,ng ........... 0.......... .. .................... ... .. 4
............................. 47-48
Concrete Mixture 5 ReintorceJmeJ]t .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . .•........ 48
Aoor<>Xilnalte Time Lhnit Before the. of
Forms and ............................................... 5
of Vilater Per
.rullllVI!.1lA .... of Cement
DPJro.xim.ate ~..... u ..:u.IL.i.vv of Surface Water Carried

Ha.rdware 1.\ilaterials ...................................................... 8

l;::)<:tmme Problem With :SOJ!UUlOlll
 1

Floor Fln!shes ............................ · · · .. · · · · · · ··· · ·· · · · · ·· · · · ·

Wall Fln!shes .................................... ·. · · · · · · · · · · · ··· · · · · ·· · · · 73
Toilet Bath. .......................................................... 74
Tile Work ...................................... ··········· .. ···· .. ····· 75-76 Concrete as we know it today. had Us bel~in!ntng
Precast Terrazo and GranulUhic Tiles ........................ 76 when Joseph Aspdin took out a In Eng.B.amd
· and. Tiles ............................................... 76 · cement. used in the late
Sample Problem .................................................... 77-78 \ H300.'sand was brought to the United States late in that .......,.,. 1h~ ......
" ' " ' " - '.......Jn......""' OR . and in all over the world. It used continued to
Definition ofTerms ............................................... 78-79 knowledge about it and with U grew.
c;;::t_,l'ii'l!"''1ll'~U , , , .. , , ,. ., , ,. , , , , , , , , , , ,, , , • , , , •,,.,,,,.,,,,.,, 79-80

Concrete -- is a stonelik.e material oo1tarr100

Patntlrtg Works ........................................................... 81 cru:·ettt.UV nrr\nn.n"1 '"''~~"'~"•n mixture sand
Rate of Paint ................................. · · · .. · · · · ·· · 82
Sn1r«".a.mru!
m~tteJrtaJs. and water to harden in fonns of the
Kinds of Paint ..................................................... 83 f' ......
amneiJtsto~n of the desired structures.
Pa.int ........................................................... 83
LABOR
Construction Work CaJpac:iti<::s
of"'""""'"" ..............
Ca]pat>W.lles

2.
3.
-----------------·--------------~~~~~~~~~~~---------··········································-~l-lll!illlill

Silica - a mortar used silica cement; is

material.
""4\lu..~na - a cement made

m.
 CONCRETE MIXTURE

TABLE 1-2

FOR 1 CU. M. CONCRETE

4 .. thick
CEMENT
Floor Slab 4" thick 1:2:4
Cement Sand Gravel Wall 1:2.5:5
AA 1:2:3 10.50 0.42 .84 1:2.5:5

A 1:2:4 7.84 0.44 0.88

B 1:2.5:5 6.48 0.44 0.88
 AMOIJliT OF WATER FUI,LER•s FORMtJLA
PER BAG OF ""~.l~•A'II
C =No. ofPa:rt Cement, S =Sand
TABLE 1-5 G = G:ravel'o:r Stone, Then:

concrete
..
= 32.2875 = no of barrel .,.,,....,..,..,,.,..,.rll ceinent

WATER CEMENT RATIO

Pm xGx3.8 one

NOTE: 1 barrel

b)
8

PLAIN CONCRETE
SAMPLE PROBLEM WITH SOLUTION:

1o. 2?;rtl
Find the quantity of cement in sa.~d and
cu.m. needed for a cone. on 0.10 m thick
x 9. 0 m in dimension.

1. the volume:
V = 0.10x9x6
HARDWARE MATERiALS
= 5.40 cu.m.
a) Dowel Bars, use 0x mx
2. .HelterrmR; on table 1-2 class "B"
Assume one const. for every 75 m.
For cement· 5.4 x 6.48 = 34.99
5.4 x 0.44 = 2.37 cu.m.
Therefore no.
Gravel: 5.4 x 0.88 = 4. 75 say 5.0 cu.m.

b)
 1
SOLUTION:

1. inches = 0.
2. Area of the na'll'erne:rn
18 x 28 = 504 sq.m. I tis ,.....,.,. . . . . . .-t ............_• ._a_._'"'"""""·""-
Volume = 0. x 504 wall should be stnue;ttt.
4.
it is weak. As the mason uses a
that the bricks are set level in the mortar.
Sand: 51
Gravel: 51.21

MASONRY
 PLASTER

TABLE2-3
There are different kinds of sjzes and of
aVlillla.b!e: m<iteJrtals cJ.as~:;:U'IE~ und.«~r n1asomv Three kinds are as Cement
follows:
In
1) Block 2) Brlck Tile
A 8.5
B 5.5
c 4.5
TABLE 2-1
Plaster Voll.. Per M. = 0.012 M.

o.oo2s 1 o.oo1o
~---4------r-~--+-----+-
0.0010
 FT.

T.A.BLE 2-4 Emde Mb: Cement Sal!ld

Plain Cement F1oo:r Finish 1:2 0.33B/SM 0.0018 CM/SM
Thickness
. .Cem. Plas. Fin. 38 Thk. One Face .. 0.11 .. 0.006 "
of 1:2 1:3 ..
Wash Out Floor Finish " 0.43 0.024 "
Mortar Cern. Cu. Ft. Cem. cu. Ft. . Laying of 6" CHB .. 0.63 0.37 "
Sand Sand "4'" Fill All Holes & Joints 0.3.6 " 0.019 "

2.8 1.0 3.0 Plaster .. 0.22 0.12 "'

3.6 1.3 4.0 - . :3 I 4B/CM 0.324CM/CM

--··-
5.4 2.0 6.0
7.4 2.7 8.1
1:
1 : 2 0.03 B/~JT
10.8 4.0 12 O.JO B/JT
0.10 B/JT
12.8 4.8 14.1
14.6

OF PER 1000
MORTAR 1 C:Mo FOR ADOBE STONE ADOBE PIASTER

Sand

One Face 0.00085

Two Faces 0.0304 0.00170

RED
TABLE 2-10
2-7
Stock Size Wall Thickness
2 .. x4 .. x 10.. 2" 32
----·---·--
4"' 59
18 19

Section No.
MKS FPS Course

18
24 10 X 20 X 40 12.5 .525 .394 .328
15 X 20 X 40 12.5 1.013 .759 .633 .802 .591 .506 -.08438
30
20 X 20 X 40 12.5 1.500 1.125 .938 1.188 .750 .12500
36

buttress then.

TABLE2-15
 TABLE 2-18

CEMENT IN BAGS
NUMBER SIZE MIXTIJRE CLASS SAND
~~~~~ ~
40 cu.m.
B C D C D
12 15x l5x45 .2808 .2100 .1756 .2220 ."1638 .1404 .0234
10 15x x45 .2520 .1890 .15';'5 .1995 .1470 .1260 .0210
11 15x30x30 .2280 .1423 .1803 .1328 .1139 .OlW CEMENT A.,.~D
8 15x30 .2079 .Hi59 .1299 .1646 .1213 1040 .0173 PER 100 MORTAR
6.5 15x30x45 ._1901 ·.1426 .1 .1505 .uoo ,0951 .ou:.;s

CHB SIZE
in em.

10
15
TABLE 2~11
22

MASONRY
b. .Find the volwne of
faces: 0.002 x 1.300 2.6
i. to table Class "'B'"
Construct a fence 2 a"""'"""''"' CeJne:rtt: 2.6() x 5.5 ~ 14.30
x 16'" CHB "B'" mortar and Lime: 2.60x 5.5 = 14.30
Sand: 2.60 X 0.90 = 2;34

Co;mpuU!aUon for Materials:

14.30 =
= 14.30
Sand: 2.34 + = 7.28

EXAMPLE PROBLEM:

A concrete
ston of a
by 32.. class B mixture is sp~~cn:lea,
cement sand arid
------------................................................. ,~--

and :. Volume of morta.r = 1.83 cu. m.

Total volume of mortar= 3.64 + 1.83 = m.
.KeJerrin&! on '=fable Clas!i!-: "'B"' mtJcUure
Cement: 5.47 x 12.07:: 66.02
1: :first the me:ast.treJmeJnt from m.Eeters.
Sand: 5.47 x 0.97 = 5.31 say 5.5 cu. m.
20m
eom 3) Plaster volume on Table 2-3
30m V = 100 x 0.012 = 12 cu. m.
25m Cement: 1.2 x 5.5 = 6.6
u•.: volume of the JAV'U''l..ILJJ.Jlill::.
Lime: x 5.5 = 6.6
BOx .90:::::::. cu.m.
e of Sand: 1.2 x 0.90 = 1.1 cu. m.
30 x 4.00 =.30 cu. m.
2 and 3 = .428
toTable 1-2
.428 x 6.48 = 2. 77 say 3
.. 44 = 0.188 cu. m.
.. 88 = .38 cu. m. shown:

FIGURE:

1
 For cone.
cmnp1ute for the peJtimtetf~r of the fence
=2x3 = 6.0m. p = 20 + 20 + 20. +
nes = =72 pes.
=75m
>lume
= 0.1134 cu. m.
on miXture: Subtract the space occ:upted
0.1134 ::;::2 75- X

.134 = 75-4
= 71 m. total
= 17.90 sq. m.
= 233 pes. Solve for the area of the fence
~~~.~·#·- on two faces A = 2.40 x 71 rn
..Gu..;P!v.,.;..,v,, = 7 bags
A sq.
= 0.5 cu. m.

,nes = CHB: 12.5 = 2,130

)lume = 0.39 cu. m.
~ on Table 2-3
0.39 =5
 = .60 X .60 sq.
co'mJ>U1~e for the volume
v = tx.wxl 1. Take the area of the less the a:rea ul,.;~..;u~... l~''...II·IW''I'
V = .15x .SOx .60 x 20 theCHB
=
v 1.08 cu. m. 0.60x
== 24 sq. m.
class ..B., mixture
.X =8.1 2. Using class .. B.. mixture .
x = .5cu. m. Cement: 24 x 0.192 = 4.6
Gravel: X 1.0 := 1.08 Sand: 24 x 0.016 = 0.3€:4 cu. m.;

1.
by the post CHB 2,130
:::: 1.96
Sar:.d :::: 16

Gravel = 6.34
 SOWTION:
SOLUTION:

A. Fo:r a 15 x 20 X 40 em. CHB wall:

1. Find the area of the wall: a) Find first the a:rea of ..A ..
a=30x6 A= 5.50x + +
= 180 sq. m. =22.55 sq. m.
2. the CHB:
180 X 12.5-= Find the area of ..B ..
B= 3.5x + .40 +
:For .:.;emE~nt Mcll"tt!!.:r: = sq.m.
a) Using Class ..B .. mixture cement. total areais:
Cement: 180 x 1.013 =182.34 say 183 = ..A .. + ..B ..
Sand: 180 x 0.08438 = 5.18 cu.m. say 16 cu. m. = 22.55 + 14.88
= 37.43 sq. m.

CHB 15 em. 2.250 c) Minus the area of the windows:

Cement ....................................... 245 w-1 =0.65x = 0.72 m.
Sand ........................................ 20.3 cu.m. x 1.10 = 2.20 sq.
total area ofw--1 and w-2

MASONRY
3) Cement Plaster: FIGURE:
mixture
x .144 = bags
Sand: 34.51 x .016 = 0.55 cu. m. ..ooM

4)
a)
m
b)
1001t1:ntg using Class "B"

For Cement: = bags

Sand: =
x .030 0.27 cu. m.
.Gravel: x .060 = 0.54 cu. m.

SOLUTION:
nr.riin .,..,, "'X7t1PliP1n SOme Of the COflSU}tantS
is cn~eaJJer 1)
 Concrete 15 em = 3.438 pes.
Cement = 385 bags
Sand =33 cu. m.
(m kgs)
"
5.0m 6.0m 7.5m 9.0m 10.5m 12.0m ~3.5.m
8mm0 1.98 2.37 2.96 3.56 4.15 i 4.74 5.33
10mm0 3,08 3.70 4~62 5.54 6.47 7.39 8.32
12mm0 4.44 5.33 '6.66 7.99 9.32 10~66 11.99
13mm0 5.21 6.25 7.83 . 9.38 10.94 12.50 14.07
used material for almost aU
construction. It Is an excellent partner of 16mm0 7.90 9.47 11.84 14.21 16.58 18.95 I 21.32
res>istln~ both tension and compression ·load and 20mm0 12.33 14.80 18.50 22.19 25.89 29.59 33.29
in tensile stresses. 1 25mm0 19.27 23.12 28.90 34.68 40.46 46.24 52.02
concrete and steel re:l.nfo:rce- 28mm0 24.17 29.00 36.25 43.50 50.75 58.00 65.251
Ukc:~Wi~;e to be in the state 30 m.m0 27.75 33.29 '41.62 49.94 58.26 66.59 '74.91
32 0 31.57 37.88 47.35 56.82 66.29 75.76 85.23
from the concrete in
36 m.m0 39. 47.95 59.93 71.92 83.91 95.89 107.88
excessive load. ·'·.·
 37

SOWTION:

Solve for the Area of Fence:

A= X
A = 4.00 X 3.00
VERnCAL REINFORCEMENT A= 12 sq. m.
Spacing Length
m Per of Bars mMeter
Per For vertical reinforcement of 80 em. O.C.
em. Block
Sq.M. .Kelrerrmg to table square meter or area method.
.40 0.235. 0.264 3.30 MULTIPLY:
0.171 2.13 2.15
.80 1.60 0.138 1.72 12 x L6C 19.2 rr.ieters

Convert this. value to . comrnereial

meters. Select t..~e mc>st . ecc,nc'mJt~csu
raiJlgu.Ig from 5.00 to 1'3.50
em. CHBand aV()iO.:me: extra
On center
 39
Hm:1zonta1 bars 3
table multiply 2. Total cut-bars in one too1:inJi!
150 x 0.172 =·25.8 m. 6x2 = 12
c) Convert to commercial 3. Total cut-bars 20 AUUWIJ<"~
12 x 20 = 240 pes.
4 pcs4 10 mm x 5.00 and 1 0 6.00 m. 4. Total of all the bars
Order: 8 10 mm x 5.00 m. 240 x 1.20 = 288 meters
1- 10 :mm x 6.00 m. steel 5. Divide above the steel
meters.

= 48 pes.

48 pes. of 12 mm x 6.00 m. steel bars

l2 MM ~iE.fL ~AF(S 1. Net of one reiJtliOlrCttl§;! bar= 1.20 m.

2. Total in one !001t1nf!:
6x2 = 12 pes.
3. Total for 20 tooun,;!s
x20=
the

I.
 41

STIRRUPS :fOR BEAMS AND GllWJERlS:

lateral tie for a tied column as

a. Closed b. open

~v" "''

CL0'9fD

..I

3.
 SOLUTION:
SOLUTION:
A. reinforcement
A.
1. -Find the total of the 14 columns
B. number of stirrups 7 x 14 = 98 meters
24x8 =
192 pes. 2. From Table for·a 50 em. column diameter
c. steel bars for a 1.00 m
5.00 em.

= 38.4 pes. 10 mm 5.00 m.

98 x 3.223 = 315.8 say 316
or using a 6.0 m. steel bars 3. 316 pes. 10 mm x 9.00 m. steel~
Divide:· B. The Wire
1. Find the number bars column= 12
= 32.0 pes. 10 mm x 6.00 m. 2. to Table 3-7 for a 5 em.
D. Order: 32 pes. oflO mm x 6.00 m steel bars
12 x tun1s meter= ties ·
3. Total tle wire for 14 column bar inters>ectiorts

254,696 .30 =
44

WEIGHTS AND BOOK ALLOWANCE OF ROD

Available of commercial bars:
20 (6.0 m) 25ft. (7.5 30ft.

ROD:
BarNo. Bar Mt. Hook All. 60 X 2
TABLE

2 6 0.222 72
BarNo. Hook Allowance
3 0.616 120
2 3
4 12 0.888 144
3 4.5
5 16 1.579 192
4 0.993 6.0
6 2.466 240
5 1.550 7.5~
8 25 3.854 300
9.0
9 28 4.833
7 3.040 10.5.
10 32 6.313

1
10 l
 ROUND VALUE TO NEXT 10.
LATERAL

TABLES~&
Let N = No. of kilos of Ue wire reo1mt-ed.
No. of Pea. V = No. of vertical bars
w L Bu' L =Length oftle wire/tying
(In) = 12 inches = m. on the ave.
5 in. 0.125 Sin O.l25m 9 T =No. + 1) V
8 l _Kl. No. 16 Ue wire = m. app.
7 0.175
9 0.225 1 + 1) v
N =L.. T+ 53=
11 -., 6
'13 0.325 5 L
N = 0.00566 + 1) V
1m. 0.175 0.175 7
9 0.225 6
11 0.275 5
13 0.325 5 LENGTH OF
0.375 4
9 0.225 9 0.225 5 TABLE 3-6·
11 0.275 5
4

0.275 0.275

·--------~· -------

1
 51

BAR SPACING LUMBER

Third Fourth ruth WOOD
Thickness or
Course 0.60 Course or 0.80 Course 0.0
4'" 3/8"0 3/8.. 0 Wood is that trunk
6 .. 1/2..0 1/2..0 1/2"0 and branches of the tree the the bark.
8" 1/2 ..0 0 1/2"'0 The versatility of using wood in the construction ha& lifted it to
Us and demand tn almost all of
construction
Even the introduction and ac4~et:J,tmlce
Class Unit Labor- How· als and methods wood is ,.ui.ri""rltkr
Electrician · H~lper wood because of its strength. light in weight. du:rat>ili1tv
of has become one of the
and in material.
100 L.F. 4-6 4-6
in. 100 L.F. 4.3-7 4.3-7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1.25 in. 100 4.5-7.5 4.5-7.5
1.50 -9 5.5-9 Lumber - is the tenn to wood after it is sawed or
ho~~rds_ p.tan.K.S.- Umber etc.
au•lll.ll.l!lf.ll.\1. Lumber- is the tenn or undressed
lumber.
100 3 5 -5 Su:rface
100 L.F, 4-

-1
SU~fht Grabled - when the direction of the fibers are
~ """""'"' " with the side of it is sa:Id to

tree.

CLASSIFICATION OF WOOD

Wood used in bulldJlnl:! construction are those wood which

addition on the oliter surface each year TABLE4-1
il.!"n"''""...... to Botanist as exc:>~e:ns.

WOOD ARE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO: SIZE L E N '"f

6' s· 10' 2' 14'
1. Mode of Growth · 1.. x2" 1 1.33 1.66 2 2.33
a. 4 2 2.66 .3.33 4 4-.66
6 3 4 5 6 7 ·8
6"' 8" 10" 14'" 16"'
10.66
. a soft center core.
2. 13.33

ofthe tree
 T

Stock SiZe Bd.

SPACING ON CENTER
r:-------'"""""1"""-- - 14 .. (0.35)
l"x6..
9.50
l'"x8.. , 5.8
_2x5 13.81 11.74
2-x6 18.11 16.10 14.08 • Solve
2x7 18.'78 16.42
2x8 24.15 2.1.33

. TABLE

M.

floor
 CEJLmTG 3. For of shorter Ien,gms. c1om·pu1te acNu·e~tn"'
their sizes combined to&l:euter

4. Lumber over 24.. shall have with diameter

bolt per
Stock BOARD Fr. PER SHEET OF CEILING PANEL
5. Add 20% waste and or 15% for waste alone.
Size 3"x6" 4"x8"' 5" X 10"
6. Round to 10 bet ft. for truss or rafter.
l8"'x24" 18" 2:4'' 24"xl8"' 16 24 .. x20 .. 20 7. bolt size = 12 diameter minimum.
o.c o.cbw. o;cbw. o.c. o.c. bw o.c. o.c. bw 8. truss bolt reQiuttem,ents:
1" X 2~ 3"85 4.4 5.862 7.326 8.800 10.076 11.00 = 5 bolts
2'" x2" 7.70 8.8 11.726 14.663 17.400 20.152 22.00
= 2 bolts
c. intennediate at chord = 1 bolt
2 .. x3" 11.55 18.20 22.000 26.400 30.250 33.00 d. intermediate at chord =~ bolts
2 .. x4.. 15.40 I ?.Q4M
l- 29.330 . 35.200 40.300 44.00 quamU1tvofnalls per lOOO·board ft.
-~ ......

1.
 Flnd total
dedved
from a 28 inches dia:me~ter

of

3.00 5.00 4'"x4"'

4.00 4'"x4'" ·
5.00 4.00 5 .. x5'" SOU:J'nON:
100-150 . 3.50 5"'x5'"
300 3.00 5'"x5..
4.00 6 .. x6'"
4.5tJ Tx1"
4.50 8 .. x8..

. w.o
~
I J
! 0

"lii---!
 61
60
ROOFINGS

1. For 1.. x 6"'. T & G ~<' "'""'""'"" ,.,..

1

ReJrerrine: Table 3~3 10.8 bd. m.

Total = 10.8 (3 X bd. ftt. 1
N - 2 x 6 .. x 16.. 2 = 194; N = 24 pes.
Percent Addition· to
Pitch Area for Trusses and Rafters
2. For 2 .. x 6 .. x 12'" Floor
From Table 3-2 bd. m.
bf = 16.10 (3 X 6} =289.8 bd. ft. 0.32 5.5 2
N- 2 .. X 6.. X 12 + 12 = N =24 pes. 0.36 6 ~ 3
0.40 8 4
SAMPLE PROBLEM:
0.45 10
Co;mn'nte the needed materials for the .................................... . , "''-u'""""''ll· 0.50
18"0.C. 0.55 14 7
0.60 16 8
11

18
 4. Solve based on Table 5-2 and round up to 10 Bd.
Ft
5. Solve for J'(')(JUrt~ sheets ;;;;.dn round

5-2
= pes. per
2"x2.. Wd
M. 6' Corr. G.l Sheet - 6 Rivets Per Sheet
7' Corr. GJ. Sheet - 9 Rivets
3.440 8' Corr. GJ. Sheet- 9~12 Rivets PerSheet
4.511 12' Corr. G.I. Sheet- 12 Rivets Per Sheet
Lead Washers = 96 Pes. Per Kilo
5.321 5.453 Plate = 152 Pes. Per .K:uoe:ram
2"x5"
6.335 6.500
2 .. x6"

TABLE 6-4
64
NO. OF WASHlltRS
3 I

12
1 Pes. Rivets Non .t;nl~a.~m,g
TECHN1CAL DATA
26 Pes.
For 4 Purlins Per GJ.
16 1 Pes. Rivets Non-l!::n,!ali!ln2
32 Pes. Rivets Eni~a~:tng
Below 200
- A.:J!.L~a~uJ•Jl;;, Rivets
Above 20°
1
Width: Effective Ji.J\.o'•"jii;';, ...Jl.JJ.
Gutter Effective ....,.._,, ..s;;;_ .......
RIVETS NEEDS:
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GJ. Washers
HIP Roll
1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lead Washer
NOTE:
 = 2.44
= 0.30M
= 2.14 M
= 0.675 M
= 0.748 M
= 5 to 10Ft.
= 6 Inches
= 0.951

= 0.812 M

0.52
----- MATERIALS NUMBER OF PIECES
3.5Kg.
15 G. I. Ro:>fu1tE.! Nails
4.0Kg.
G. I. 180
Lin. M. 2.5
Line· 1.0 G. I. Washers
M. Lead Washers
Lin. M. 4 Umbrella Nail
Lme 1
Line 1
Lin. M. 4
From the find the number sheets
and the umbrella nails recm!1red 2

FIGURE:
70

from p.
'Ol"lr"H!J1 3IJI::~U \J,JI, SheetS No.
1.
o.,.~:;...'JM'"hna to Table J:irom pp. 64 and 65
13 x 36· == 468 pes.
- - - - = 30 pes. no.
m
no. of kilos =
of the rafter m or a cm:nblnatUo'n
b. Lead 86 pes. per
2.70 m. sheets wUh 30 meters
no. of = 936. no of kilos ::: 936 + 86 = 11 kls.
the G.I. Washer: 152 pes. per kilo
c. no. ofldlo =2 + 152 = 6 lds.
30 pes.- .80 m x 3.60 m ~""'~-•ri..::l! 1-""n G.l. 11 Flathead Nails = = ·2.5 kls.
30 pes. - mx tn GJ. 2 = = 3.0 kJ.s
Wood block to table 5-2
total bd. ft. = 37.98 l!"!!c • .::io:::~~v bd.
2.

30 sheets x 26 = = 26
 ----------------------
- ~------------------

cost 1?2.00 per

cost from P 3.00 to
de~~1J!Il.S ,,.!ll"r 11n
6.00 each. cost around P190 per sq.
meter.
ceramic tiles 12" or are at P 2. Marble wash out
240 to P 300 piece. Pe:r square-meter costs is
To cover an area one sq. meter. you
about96 of4.. x4'"tllesorl6 of8"xl2'"tiles.
3.
Material and labor cost P 180 per sq. meter.
..... ,. ...""'.. -.............. Marble
Cost of Materials 4.
sq.m.
4. GranoUtb.ic
·~· 5.
tiles veneer
installation costs about P 2 .. x B" tlles. The
rials. materials and
5.

6.
 TILE WORK

TABLE 8~1

CLASSIFICATION SIZE M.
Cement Tiles 100
2. for a 1m x 2.10 m. door. Cement Tiles 6x6 44
8 25
lOx 10 16
3. for a 1 m x 2.10 m
20x20 4
Vetrlfied Tiles 3x3 178
4. orcUn;artltv C<)fiSiiSt of aluminum frames Mosaic 4x4 100
A unit 1.80 x 2.10 m
41 x4 86
6x6 44
12x 12 12
5.
X
3x3 190
mete:r. 95
4 X

9
9
 _SAMPLE PROBLEM:
5.

7.
tiles.

PJGUR:E:

Stock Size

0.22
8"x8"'
0.22
9 .. x9,.

X
0.34 0.22
12"
0.22
 ina at which are loaded and
1 ..
D. 4
:::::6.1 m. pa1tte1med o1r be~tw~een two of a me:ch.;an:&.ca.J.
in<~lirl1atilon of the hortzontal of the stairS.
Riser- a board the tread of a a
stair case.
E. L = 6.1.m; No. of pes.= 6.1(9) =55 pes. R!se- the height of a flight of stairs from 1arJtdirl~
l'Y!'twf"'~n successive treads o:r stairs.
bead= 4 pes. Run- the horizontal distance from the first to the last :rtser of a
F.
carmtrU! = 4 pes. stair
G.
H.
on38 DF.SIGN
I. + ::::1
Determine the
J. = 12lds. Run Distance= 3.0 1n
= 1.75 m
--·~.,....,,,.,.,,ttnln' Class "'A..
K.- """"''·~···""' =2
= 0.5 ctb m.
 y=

y=
its contain
y=

y 3.47 m. KINDS OF PAINT

,AB.phalt Roof Paint - asJ:>naltlc

solverlt with or without pi~~m~::nt.s, oils, :resins and so on.

Law:
 --------------------------
8-1

1 Coat 2Coat Kinds of Surf.

Kind of Paint Character of Surface Coat
0:11 Paint ·Smooth Wood · 55.76 30.20 Wood 13.54
Glass Paint Wood 32.53 18.1;$0
65.05 31.60 Roof Paint Smooth Wood 9.29
Plaster 41.82 23.23 5 Lbs Powder Cold
Hard Brlck 37.17 20.91 Paint Smooth Wood
Soft Brick 32.53 19.58
Smooth Cem. Stuc. 32.53 18.58 13.94
18.58
Paint

Exterior Varnish 46.50 = -1

Outside Lea.d = 27.88 - 2 coats
41.82 <23.23 18.26
2

coat
 1.8. · Installation of G.l.
2 men Install 20
In!;talllat!on of Doom
L man install 3 pes. 2 ..
20. Installation of Door (CC)ffi1:>le1te
lman 2
21. Fabrication of Doors (~:clutdiru! Planniru! oit-FTamesJ:
3.
1 man makes· 3
4. 22.

5. 23.

6. 24.
2 men 15 sheets 4 .. x
25. Installation ofWooden Post:
7. 2 men installS 4 .. x4.. x 12 or 96 bd.
26. Windows:
45"' o:r 18.75 sq.

CAPACITIES
10.

1
86
sq.m.
b. Grade slab EWP- 13 man ....""''"""''""
c. -.15 m. Item
d.
e.
f.
fo:r 7
g.
h.
1. Vibrator - 16 hour
2. a..
2.
b.
3. loader a. 30
of Work
Unit 4. crane shovel 35
0.76cu. rn.
foot
0.61 cu.m.
Soil
0.38cu. roller
L22cu.m.

1.

9.
 INSIDE DllVIENSIONS OF THE CHAMBER
10. -T
borrow 2.5
2.0 No. Person Width
truck b.
10 1.20 0.90
a. cone. miXer 0.17 15 1.20 0.10 2.20
11.
20 1.20 1.25 2.50
a. 0.07 25 1.20 1.40 2.80
12.
30 1.30 ·1.50 3.00
13. water truck a. 35 1.30 1.60 3.20
40 1.40 1.65 3.30
14. a. 45 1.40 1.80
300 50 1.50 1.80 3.50
60 1.50 1.90 3.90
9. 70 1.60 2.00 4.00
15. 16-S cone. mlxer
80 1.60 2.20 4.40
16. rock 90 1.80 '2.20 4.40
~0
100 LBO
cone. mlx 40
17. concrete vibrator a.
 "'\
the 3.
-s. The\ bottom of the tank i::!UII.J'~Au
maLIU.I.ole in the center to ~a~:,~.u. aLc cleanin~.
9. 0.20 m. Of !lUrsl)a\~e I!UlOUD.O
&e1J~ra,!e and the nl'!no.ti""'~"'"'l!:l!ri
5.

6.

8.

9.

10.

L
94

P.G.l. STOCK P.ANEL

7.
a) 1. Exterior
b) 2. Interior
c) 3. Pa.rtltion
d) Gutter 4.
e) 5.
f)
11) Stainer TILE WORK
8. P .G.I. hardware
9. 1.
2.
3.
4.
1. 5. MiBLSOJruv Finish
2. a. Washout
3. Girt
b. Granolithic
4. c.
5. d.
7. f.
8.
9.

Riser
 1. Labor excavation 6.
2.
3. 1. Grill work
8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

1.
2. Water Meter
3. Electrical Meter
4. Gas Meter
5.
6.

=CC
 5.

a) From various mt:~tertals

b) 6. Power Connection
c) a) Closest installation and caJ:>a.c~itv Descriotion
d) b) Cost ---
e)
7.
sss-Medicare, or
Insurance, Bonds
8.
Taxes
Home Office Ove:rt:tead
PROFIT 9.

10.
advances
 101

Name ________________
Title Phone ____________
Name
Title
Name
Title Phone ______________
b.

c. SJ.X~ctflca:tloxts check
102

UNIT MAN HOURS I1.'BII OF WORK PIPE

Conunon~avatlon 6.0 0 66.1

4"'0
2 Common·Excavatlon .5 6'" 0
0 200.4
10"0 300.6
3. Hook Excavation 8.0
0 317.3
0 367.4
4. Structural Baddlll 5.0MH 16.. 0 417.5
18.. 0
5. Structural Backfill 2.0MH
PVC PIPES
1.0 0
0
1. Hand 6.0MH '1 ... 0

Machine
 4. FLOORFIN.
Plain Cement 1.33
,.._ .... _......~Cement
Peble Washout
Granullthtc 2.86
ROOFING AND
Marble Tile 2.86
Vinyl 1.67

5. CEIUNG INCLUDING FRAMING

-·----~· 0.

L
Concealed Acoustic Tile v'Ci:U.Ui::,
Alum T- Kunn«:!s ------·------·
Thk. Asbestors
 ROOFlllfG AND H2 PROOFING
Insts. Asbestos ...................u,u::. 18
1.35 Insts. Alum. or G.I. HOllJliiJu:! 10
3.87 InstS. G.I. Gutter# 24 16
4.70 Cooper Cladding Roof Deck ____ 52
2.70 InstaU.Membrane H2 ~>r.rv-.tin...r 29
Fabrlcate G.I. 2.3

TRUSSES
Truss Fabrication
Jm.Cfl()l" Bolts
TrUss Erection
Set. Anchor Boxes Posts
Demolition Girts'
Excavation Crane and Clfll.-nshew Plates
Lab. 2 001::ra.t:ors Purlins
Facia Boards
son Man
ITEM MANHOURS
Unit Laborer Total
Wet 3.51
Hard Medium
8.50 Pneu.ma.Uc Breaker sq.m.
Hard Adobe By Hand SQ:ID. 3.24
13~50

cu.m. · 3.28 6.00

Uldt cu.m.

cu.m. 2.77 2.77 1.03 2.06

0.40

1.48·

0.33
 1
1 1

PER METER
MANHOURS
ITEMS MANHOURS Item Labonu C~ter Opt!'. OUer Tctd
Laborer Total Continuous Wall
1. Continuous Wall 0.70 0.40·· 1.10
Job Mix 5.10 0.05 0.05 5.20
Chute 0.75 0.05 0.80
2. 1.50 0.65 2.15
3. 0.75 0.40. 1.15 0.98
4. l.lO 0.72 2.92
s~ 1.21 0.78 1.99 Job Mix 5.io 0.05 5.20
6. 1.35 0.90 2.25
Chute 0.85 0.07
7., 1.22 0.80 2.02
8. Beams & Girders 1.90 1.22 3.12 Buggies 1.14 1.14
9. Elevated Slabs Shores) 1.15 1.16 2.31 Footing Tie Beam
10. (Adjusted Shores) 0.70 0.90 1.60 Job Mtx 5.10 0.05 0.05 5.20
0.07

Basement Walls
PER SECTION

0.08

13
 113
1

Mfbm 15.00 4.66 19.66

T& G Laid
16.88 4.66 21.54
T&Q~d
S.M. 0. 0.14
Item Muhcum Ft. F1ywood
Mfbm 10.79 4.19 14.98
Plank F1oorlng

Total NOTE:
1,000 foot board measure
Sills 18.75 5.12
23.44 6.06 29.50
.Floor Joist 15.94 22.94
RoofJotst 17.00 5.44 22.44 :MaDhoW'IIII Per Umt Listed
umt Total
9.40 16.40 0.13 0.
Columns 31.88 8.88 0.32 0.16
11.73 0.60 0.16 0.76
9.35
0.16 0.76
21.56 6.06 27.62
0.40 0.16
34.00 6.44 40.44
1

WALLS <lit

Meter
Double Wall Partition Total Size &
6.()8 2.22 Grout Joint
8.00 lnche11
1.15 Per Meter Each
2.38 9.53 4"'
Accoustlc Tile Out Runner 0.23 0.26
5.63 L87
Accoustlc Tile on 7.00 6" 0.26
1.37 8 .. 0.29
Mesh Pat on 1.37 0.33
4.61 1.56 0.35
Wire Mesh Partition 6.23 10.. 0.36
4.21 1.40 0.43
12"' 0.49 0.65
15.. 0.66 0.93
18.. 0.95 1.20
21" 1.05 1.45
24'" 1.15
ToW 1.79
7.94 2.65 1.21 2.01
6.35 2.12 30"' 1.28
12 1.38 5.5

1.73 0.57 2.3 TIES FOR

12.6
1 1
FACTOR POR COIIPtJ'TI.NG CLOSED S,OUI~lJPS'
FORBEAIIS
Cement moot useful matertals in modem
Size of Col~ Effect itsel it a soft when
ofTiublP"t w:ith water
:ao· cement can bind sand
6 .. xl2., 2.66 7 11 mass.
.15:x.30
6 - it is also
. 15 :X .35 12.. x 14..
and concrete .
. 15 .40 12,. X 16.. 3~33 6 9
.15 X .45 , 12·x 3.66 5 .8
.20x .30 8'"xi2.. 3.00 6 10
.20x.35 8'"x 14.. 3.33 6 9
8 .. xl6.. 5 e
4.00 .5 '7
6
·4.66 4 6
.20x.60 5.00 5 6
5
6
6
3

5
6
 1

Concrete Slab

a 5 mm·sieve. - steel used in reinforced concrete. which

should With standard spe~cifltca-
Concrete structunl.t member tlons for concrete.
Co:ocrete Vibrator - vU>raun.~ device used to achieve proper
Concrete Block - a solid or hollow block of con- co:r1c:n::te: the three
suna.ce. and
JI.A ........ ,. Alllout.
crete.
a container with movable at the
bottom that Is attached to power cranes
or cables to concrete.
a cart whlch canies up to 6 cubic feet Ketlnifo!'icm!Jf :Bars - steel rods that are embedded
cubic of from the materials such as concrete. for .... .,. ........... -~-
lllnll·v............. ltop~er to tlle :lonns. Also known

concrete cart.
Co:ocrete Colmrm. - a vertical structural made of
unrelnforeed CQncrete.
 1

CONDUCTORS

Feeders
Branch Circuit - v"~;:;,JUJUUI~ &
RADIO
Branch Circuit - Floor
N01E: 3 & 4 Wires Circuit No. Ma:rk
It Indicates 2 Wires

Holder

Outlet
122

NAILS AND. SPIKES

1

Double-Pole Switch

390
350

Switch

50
Circuit Breaker 35
 x short =
diameter times
diameter
CVmier ....... , .......... Surface = x circum-
ference area of
ends
Volume = 0. 7854 x x
Cone . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . = slant x
circumference of
base fl"'••'i"U..•ri
.................... = X tCU;aiTJie't«:~rj'"'
= circumference x
70 diruneter
76 4 Volume= 0.5236 x (di<un~~te.r·):.l
0 110 4
A.rcair
50
0 50
---
Gencord

4
 Steel ...... -A."""-~·~'" Scale One foot of water at Fahrenheit .433
Steel and lmln-~"':llln<:lul Scale pressure per square inch for
Aluminum table above, the feet
Wood-Contlnous
Wood-Finish (Sec:tloJn} WATER TO FEET HEAD
Wood-Finish
Pounds Feet Feet
Head Head
Inch
l 2.31 100
2 4.62 110
FEET BEAD OF WATER TO PSI
3 6.93 120
4 9.24 130
5 11.54 140
6 150
Inch Inch 7 16, 160
1 .43 100 43.31 8 18.47 170 392.52
"2 .87 110 47.64 9 20.78 415.61
3 1.30 120 51.97 10 23.09 200 461.78
4
140 60.63 46.18
6
160
3.46 73.63
 TO IIETER

11~2

Meter mche• Uete:r

Inches mch.ei!J Meter Inches

.025 21 .525 .5334

1 1 ~0254 21
.050 22 .2 .0508 22 .5588
2'
.075 23 .600
3 3 .0762 23 .5842
4 .100 24
4 .1016 24 .6096
.125 25 .625
5 5 .1270 25 .6350
.150 26 .650
6 .6604
27 .675 6 .1524 26
7 .175
28 .700 7 .1778 27 .6858
8
29 8 .2032 28 .7112
9
10 .250 9 .2286 29 :7366
.775
.300 32 .800
1
.325 33 .825
13 12
.850
14

.450 38 .950
 CODE

Find first the volume to be filled up w x h x 1

1.0 1HE HONOR and of the construction
B. Determine the materials as shown on the
A Contractor should be and in his
table.
pr2LCtlces and actiVities should be
and equity. c. one the corw
re~sp<)n<iinli! pen:e:nlt~~e of additional volume.

2.0 D,. Add the result to that in one to obtain the

volume desired.

ADDITIONAL PERCENTAGE TO
3.0
OBTAIN COMPACT VOLUME

15%

OM
 PROBLEM:

Determine the volume commercial occupancy of 800 perm

15.0 x 20.0 x 0.50 = 150 cu.m. sons.
B
195 cu.m. SOLUTION:
Total Volume cu.m.
From Table: 800x per hour
79.35 Tanks should have: 150
cu.m. should

WATER TANK DESIGN 8

ture.
Solve for wh:
wh = = 14.72
lmm BARS:
wh=
Use 12 mm f/J Ab =
For maximum mome1n.ts:
kn.m s ::::: mm.
-M=
2
Nb SAY6 BARS
Mu

BARS:
Ru = Use 10mm (jJ Ab = 78

Assume: d = lOOmm where h = 100 +

= 25 rom
Ru =

[
---------------------------------~-------

a TERMS IN W.I. STRAP

PIERNO = BOLT
PILIPINO m

ESTAKA ::::: STAKE

POST KUSTIJRADA :::::: PLASTERED COURSE
GIRDER PALITADA STI1CCO OR PLASTER
REBOCADA = SCRATCH COAT
SULERAS ·-
FLOORING PIKETA = PICKWORK
SUElO
GIRT MONYEKA = V~l\liSH
SEPO
BIENTO = SPACING OF GAP
BIGA
BARAK! IAN BOTTOM CHORD
PURLIN IARGAMASA = CONCRETE SlAB
REOSTRA
ASINTADA ALIGNMENT
FASCIA BOARD HULOG PLUIVIB LINE
SENEPA
BALDOSA = CEMENT TILE
IADRILYO = CEMENT BRICK
TAB IKE
BATIDORA DOOR FILLET
PIIARETE
STUD KANAL ·
WINDOWSILL F.ASPE
PASAMANO
WINDOW HEAD PIANTILYA
HAMBA

DE BANDEIIA =
 1DYNE 0.0001 NEWfON
AREAS
1 DYNE 2.205 X LB.
1GRAM 9.81 X 10 s3 NEWTON
1GRAM
1GRAM A
\ 10 KGX9.81
1 KG
1KG 9.81X
1 KG 2.205 LB
1 LB 4.448
1 LB X 10 5 DYNE A bh
1 LB
1 LB
1
1ACRE ·o.4047 HECTARE
ARE
,,1 CENTARE A
1 HECTARE

1 watt
1
 Blk •
=
ACI = Institute
B~M.
=
AP =: Access
Bet.
=
Act = Acoustic =
Ae&t = =
= BP
=
=' Bd
=
=
Contractors of America Blr = Boller
= BS
AOA = Brit
= Both Sid~
AC = = Bt1ck
AON lllil
BnJ
Brz
= Units
=
A1 = American and BC =
= BL =
oc =
AB
Con
= Cement
=
Col =
CFM

CPM
Asb
C:lr Bkr. = Circuit Breaker Electric
:::::

Ci:rc ::::: Circumference El Elevation

Cl:r ::::: Clear Enam Enamel
Ctd = Coated Ent Entrance
Comb = Combination = Equal
:::::
Com = Common
= Est Estimate
Cone -· Concrete Exc Excavate
Cnd = Conduit Exist :::::

Cent = Continue Ext = Exterior

Contr ::::: Contractor Fab = Fabricate
c = Courses (') Ft = Feet
Cross Section FBM :::::: Feet Board
= Cubic Inch Fin ::::: Finish
CuYd = CubicYa:rd
OF Fahrenheit
Cum = Meter Fin. Nail = Nail

Fix = Fixture
DL = Fl Floor.
::::: F.O.B.
FPM :::::

:::::
=
::::: =
Dlla
Dim = Dimension
~

Dbl
GPM = GaD.on Per Mhlute
H =
Hdw = Hardware
Hd - _Head
=
Hr = Hour
=
Htr = Heater
Second
Ht ·-
Hor = HO!"i:zontal -
HB = Hose Bib
=
HW How Water
=
Hse = =
c =
In = Inch =
lnt = Interior =
I = -
= Joint
= Kilowatt
Kwh = Kilowatt Hom
= K
Kit = Kitchen
=
=
= l...amlnate
=
= lUinear Foot
M
M

=
= Standard
Thuck

= Week