© 2018 JETIR September 2018, Volume 4, Issue 6 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

ARM 7 BASED TRANSFORMER MONITORING SYSTEM

Saket Pandey1, Rishab Raina2, Akshay Jain3, Shubham Kashyap4, Prof. Shripad Desai5
1,2,3,4
Students and 5Asst. Prof. of Department of Electrical Engineering,
Bharati Vidyapeeth University College of Engineering, Pune.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Abstract:
Transformer is the key equipment in power system, to ensure its safe and stable operation is important. Transformers either
raise a voltage to decrease losses, or decreases voltage to a safe level. "Monitoring" is here defined as on-line collection of data
and includes sensor development, measurement techniques for on-line applications. It is very difficult and expensive to construct
the communication wires to monitor and control each distribution transformer station. Transformers are basic design of
electrical device which provide power transmission by transforming induced current from one circuit to another circuit. The
induced current can be converted step up &step down of current or voltage. This application mainly concentrates on the three-
phase transformer which are used in between electric poles & power transformers. The real time controlling is done on the basic
future like current, voltage, temperature maintained. These features are essential for effective power transmission &long life of
industrial transformer. The monitoring & control of the transformer is done by using Arduino Controller, Sensor which check
the maintain temperature by regular observation. There are various transformer maintenance techniques, but this project gives
real time monitoring &controlling of transformer by using Arduino Uno Controller which replace the bulky computers making it
as embedded system. The design is to sense features of transformer & send the information regularly to the processor, So, this
design makes possible to attain real time control &monitoring if increases temperature range in the transformer. All data will be
updated over web server using IOT module on things speak. Also, we can control by using wireless module RF.

Index Terms: ARM 7, Temp sensor, LCD Display, RF module, etc.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION

Electricity is an extremely handy and useful form of energy. It plays an ever-growing role in our modern industrialized
society. The electrical power systems are highly non-linear, extremely huge and complex networks. Such electric power
systems are unified for economic benefits, increased reliability and operational advantages.
Distribution transformers have a long service life if they are operated under good and rated conditions. However, their life is
significantly reduced if they are overloaded, resulting in unexpected failures and loss of supply to a large number of
customers thus effecting system reliability. Overloading and ineffective cooling of transformers are the major causes of
failure in distribution transformers. Most power companies use Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system
for online monitoring of power transformers but extending the SCADA system for online monitoring of distribution
transformers is an expensive proposition. Distribution transformers are currently monitored manually where a person
periodically visits a transformer site for maintenance and records parameter of importance. This type of monitoring cannot
provide information about occasional overloads and overheating of transformer oil and windings. All these factors can
significantly reduce transformer life. Our system is designed based upon online monitoring of key Operational parameters of
distribution transformers can provide useful
Information about the health of transformers which will help the utilities to Optimally use their transformers and keep the
asset in operation for a longer Period. This system will help us to identify problems before any catastrophic Failure, thus
resulting in a long life service for transformers. This system is based on embedded system as we are using microcontroller as

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discussed before. Embedded systems are self-contained programs that are embedded within a piece of hardware. embedded
systems are usually set to a specific task Another way to think of an embedded system is as a computer system that is created
with optimal efficiency, thereby allowing it to complete specific functions as quickly as possible. It is also has the advantages
of significant cost savings, power consumption and greater reliability.

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Transformer Monitoring and Control Using IOT Author:- Deepraj Duttachowdhury1 , Vivek Patil2 , Arya Parab3 , Raj
Patel4 Karuna Nikum Distribution Transformers Is One Of The Most Important Element Of Electrical Power System.
Transformer Is A Device Which Is Continuously Working kn Order to Improve the Efficiency of The Transmission System.
The Present Paper Proposes Continuous Online Monitoring Of Distribution Transformer Using IOT(Internet Of Things). The
Internet Of Things Connects The Unconnected Things. Previously the Things That Weren’t Accessible Have Been Made
Accessible Because Of It. The Transformer Is Subjected to Various Faults Such As Over-Voltage, Over-Current, Increase In
Temperature, Oil-Level, Humidity Etc. All These Faults Are Persistently Monitored Throughout by The Arduino Which
Regularly Sends the Health Information of The Transformer Via The Wifi Module. This Data Can Be Accessed from
Anywhere in The World By a Android Application. So The Maintenance Of The Distribution Transformer Can Be
Successfully Implemented By The Use Of This Project Ideology.

IOT Based Distribution Transformer Monitoring System Author:- Mrs. S. Sivaranjani, M. E., S.Lokesh, M. Vignesh,
N.Vijayaragavan4 , S.Goutham5 Distribution transformers are one of the most important equipment in power network.
Because of, the large number of transformers distributed over a wide area in power electric systems, the data acquisition and
condition monitoring are important issue. The main aim of this system is distribution transformer monitoring and controlling
through IOT. Also, it sends SMS to a central database via the GSM modem for further processing. The idea of on-line
monitoring system mixes a global service mobile (GSM) Modem, with chip micro controller and different sensors. It is
installed at the distribution transformer site and the above parameters are recorded using the analog to digital converter
(ADC) of the embedded system. The obtained parameters are processed and recorded in the system memory. If any deviation
or an emergency situation occurs the system sends SMS (short message service) messages to the mobile phones containing
information about the deviation according to some predefined instructions programmed in the micro controller

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT

Fault location should be precisely known to reduce the time of repairing
Quick fault detection and repair can increase the production of industries

IV. METHODOLOGY

Temperature Rise Fault Can Be Detected Using LM35 Same Can Be Sent Tto The Microcontroller. Thus, Can Be
Determined Using the Microcontroller And it will be updated over IOT.
IOT MODULE:- it is used to update data through WiFi module in which we can represent graphically in thinks peak online
web server.
LCD Display:- all information will be displayed on LCD.
RF MODULE:- there are two section transmitter and receiver section if temp of the transformer increases then we can control
wirelessly using rf module.

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V. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW

Fig.1 Block Diagram

VI. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig.2 Circuit Diagram Rx,

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Fig.3 Tx section
Here we are using ARM 7 as a controller. RF wireless module is used here. Arm 7 as a main controller which controls all the
operations. We are transformer health like temp if any problem occurs then data will be updated over IOT.

VII. HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

 ARM 7
 LCD DISPLAY (16*2)
 IOT MODULE
 TEMP SENSOR
 POWER SUPPLY
 TRANSFORMER
 IOT MODULE
 RF MODULE

ARM 7(LPC 2148)

Fig.3 Arm 7 Board

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LCD DISPLAY

Fig. 16*2 LCD Display

TEMP SENSOR

FIG. LM35 Temp Sensor

VIII. RESULT

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Here all information will be displayed on LCD screen.

Here voltage and temp also displayed. If value goes beyond threshold level data updated over ThingSpeak using esp8266.

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IX. CONCLUSION
This system would be eliminating the requirement of human power and thus providing efficiency and accuracy. The IOT
based monitoring of distribution transformer is quite useful as compared to manual monitoring and also it is reliable as it is
not possible to monitor always the, ambient temperature rise, load current manually. After receiving of message of any
abnormality we can take action immediately to prevent any catastrophic failures of distribution transformers.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Authors want to acknowledge Principal, Head of department and guide of their project for all the support and help
rendered. To express profound feeling of appreciation to their regarded guardians for giving the motivation required to the
finishing of paper.

REFERENCES

[1] Abdul-Rahman AI-Ali, Abdul Khaliq & Muhammad Arshad,” GSM-Based Distribution Transformer Monitoring
System”, IEEE MELECON 2004, May 12-15,2004, Vol 3 Pages999-1002, Croatia.
[2] Thiyagarajan & Palanivel. Efficient Monitoring of Substations IJRRAS 4 (1) July 2010.
[3] Abdollahi, A. Dehghani, M. Zamanzadeh, “SMS-Based Reconfigurable Automatic Meter Reading System” In Control
Applications, 2007.
[4] Chan, W. L, So, A.T.P. And Lai, L., L.; “Interment Based Transmission Substation Monitoring”, IEEE Transaction on
Power Systems, Vol. 14, No. 1, February 2014, Pp. 293-298.
[5] Wadhwa, C. L. (2005). “Electrical Power Systems”. New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers: New Delhi. Pp. 656-657
[6] Https://Create.Arduino.Cc/Projecthub
[7] Https://Www.Leafecodes.Com/B4a-Tutorial/

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