Shaikh Zeeshan; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology

ISSN: 2454-132X
Impact factor: 4.295
(Volume 5, Issue 3)
Available online at: www.ijariit.com

Alternative approach to women safety using IoT

Zeeshan Shaikh
[email protected]
SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

ABSTRACT
The raising questions on the security of women and children in our country is an obstacle that we need to overcome towards a
safer India for its citizens. In such scenarios, women and children feel very helpless. In reference to the unfortunate set of events
which opened the eyes of the nation towards the lack an immediate need for the safety of women in the country, there have been
multiple efforts to implement different techniques to protect and thereby, assist the victims in such situations. Hence, there must
be a system which can protect them with the least amount of complexity and involvement of the individual. The following project
aims at improving the existing system by implementing automatic responses instead of the conventional manual method as, in
such situations, the victim hardly has any time to provide a manual pre-designed operation. The device requires the following
elements; Arduino UNO, GSM, Heart Beat Sensor, Temperature and Humidity sensor along with IOT. In critical situations, the
victims have an increased heart rate along with an abrupt increase in body temperature and humidity (body sweat). Hence, the
sensors can be used to monitor the following factors until it breaches a predefined value. Upon breaking the set limits, the GSM
module will send a pre-defined message to the police and/or family member along with the GPS location which can be coupled
with third-party apps like Google Maps. However, for improved functionality, the criteria for emergency contact can be a complex
combination of body temperature, humidity and heartbeat of the user. Such method is very helpful for women and children as
the device does not require manual operation.

Keywords— Security, IoT, GPS, GSM, Heartbeat, Temperature, Humidity

1. INTRODUCTION
In recent times, women don’t feel safe while going out at late hours because of the increasing complaints and incidents of abuse,
harassment or eve-teasing. The working class women, or considering any profession which requires women to invest late night work
hours, face problems as they feel unsafe, both in the work environment as well as of the work environment.

The prototype developed is a system to provide aid in times of emergency. The device can either be developed as an individual
device to be used as a watch or can be integrated within current smart watches. The aim for the device is to keep it mobile and in-
touch with the user at all times with more features and functions. Considering its implementations in current systems, only a
button/manual response mechanism can be provided, in case the user wishes to cancel the emergency message. The primary function
of the tech is to provide the family and the police with the live location feature to track the user. The live location of the victim can
be implemented with the help of a GPS system and the GSM module has the function of sending the alert text to the predefined
contacts saved on it. Thus, by overcoming the drawback of the existing systems, the new proposed system is developed in this paper.

2. DESIGN CONCEPT
The aim of the current prototype was to develop a device that uses manual response only as a measure to stop the service instead of
relying on the manual operation as input. Thus, it can be combined with the optional push to enable the option. The Arduino Board
will monitor the values for a breach of values and initiate a self-protocol which can then be cancelled by manual input. The
architecture of the proposed system can be defined as:
• GSM Module: The function of the GSM Module is to send the alert text when the sensor values breach a certain amount. This is
regulated by the Arduino board which keeps a check on the values and upon crossing it, it sends a message to the module to
initiate the process. Thus, the module sends an alert text to all the emergency contacts.
• The message includes the coordinates of the user so that the respected authorities can take steps to avoid the situation. This can
be opened in third-party apps like Google Maps. Alternatively, it can also be used to provide live tracking.
• Since no manual operation is required, this system is more effective and also, faster.
• The device is a GSM-based-model which overcomes the problem of loss of internet connectivity, hence, providing an alternative,
faster response.

© 2019, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page | 938

 Shaikh Zeeshan; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology
3. FUTURE SCOPE AND IMPLEMENTATION
The aim of this project was to develop a prototype for a device which can be easily integrated into the existing technologies. As the
current smart watches like the Apple Watch, FitBit, etc already include the sensors used in our project, with comparatively fewer
changes, it can be used as an added feature for the safety of the user. However, this project also has the possibility of being a
standalone device.

4. CONSTRUCTION
4.1 Overview
The prototype of the device, we have included an Arduino UNO Board which is responsible for processing the information from
the multiple sensors. The other sensors so included are a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and heartbeat sensor. The parameters
of all these sensors have a set limit. As soon as the values breach the set limit, the Arduino UNO signals the GSM to send a message
to the predefined emergency contacts with the location coordinates using GPS.

Fig. 1: Prototype
4.1.1 Arduino UNO: Pin Connections:
Pin 1: IoT Module
Pin 2: GPS Module
Pin 3: GSM Module
Pin A0, A1 (Analog Input): Heartbeat sensor, Temperature and Humidity sensor
Two added connections for 5V supply and GND
4.1.2 HR202 Humidity Sensor: The HR202 sensor has an operating zone of 3.3V-5V. It consists of 4 line panel interface namely
for:
(a) Voltage Supply (3.3V-5V)
(b) GND
(c) Output Interface (Digital)
(d) Output Interface (Analog)
4.1.3 M590E is a wireless industrial module with a single chip GPRS which can send SMS, provide data services, etc.
4.1.4 Heartbeat sensor: The Heartbeat sensor has an operational frequency of 50-60 Hz with a voltage requirement of 12 V. It uses
bright infrared (IR) LED and a phototransistor to detect the heartbeat.
4.1.5 GPS Internal Antenna: IT provides location and time information in all types of weather conditions. It operates without the
need for any telephonic connection or internet requirement and thus, is best suited for our purpose in this device.
4.1.6 Step-Down Transformer and Power Relay: These are used to convert the normal voltage supply to 12V supply and then
redistribute it into 5V and 12V for the different sensors.
4.1.7 IoT Module: The IoT module saves all the data which can be accessed at iotclouddata.com. This data can be very useful for
the safety of women.

5. TESTING

© 2019, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page | 939

 Shaikh Zeeshan; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology

Fig. 2: Implementation code

Fig. 3: Simulation in serial monitor

© 2019, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page | 940

 Shaikh Zeeshan; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology

Fig. 5: Text Message with details

6. REFERENCES
[1] Akash Moodbiri, Hamid Shahnasser,” Child Safety Wearable Device”, 2017 International Conference on Information
Networking (ICOIN). Sangoon Yang, Taehyun Jung ,” Co-Evolution of Markets for Technology and Markets for Products
in Mobile Telecommunication Standards: Examination of Essential Patents for GSM, WCDMA, and LTE Standards”,
2014 Proceedings of PICMET '14: Infrastructure and Service Integration.
[2] Pierre E Hertzog and Arthur J Swart,” Arduino – Enabling engineering students to obtain academic success in a design-
based module.”,2016 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON). Yusuf Abdullahi Badamasi,” The
Working Principle Of An Arduino”,Eletronics, Computer and Computation(ICECCO), 2014 11 International Conference on
Abuja, 2014 pp 1-4. https://core-electronics.com.au/tutorials/arduino-ide-tutorial.html.
[3] Bharavi U, Sukesh Rao M,” Design and Development of GSM and GPS Tracking Module”, 2017 2nd IEEE International
Conference On Recent Trends in Electronics Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT), May 19-20, 2017, India.
[4] Dmitry Rychkov, Ruy Alberto Pisani Altafim and Reimund Gerhard,” Unipolar ferroelectrets – Following the example of
the electret microphone more closely”, 2014 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena

© 2019, www.IJARIIT.com All Rights Reserved Page | 941