Kabaddi

Kabaddi is a contact team sport, played

between two teams of seven players. The
objective of the game is for a single player
on offence, referred to as a "raider", to run
into the opposing team's half of a court,
tag out as many of their defenders as
possible, and return to their own half of the
court, all without being tackled by the
defenders, and in a single breath. Points
are scored tagged by the raider, while the
opposing team earns a point for stopping
the raider. Players are taken out of the
game if they are tagged or tackled, but are
brought back in for each point scored by
their team from a tag or tackle.
 Kabaddi

A kabaddi match during the 2018 Asian Games.

Highest International Kabaddi
governing body Federation
Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Ha-du-
du, Bhavatik,
Saadukuda, Hu-Tu-Tu,
Himoshika
Characteristics
Contact Permitted
Team members 7 (per side)
Mixed gender No, there are separate
competitions for male
and female
Type Team sport, Contact
sport
Equipment N
Equipment None
Venue Kabaddi court
Presence
Country or region Indian Subcontinent,
Asia
Olympic Demonstration sport:
1936 Olympics

It is popular in South Asia and other

surrounding Asian countries. Although
accounts of kabaddi appear in the
histories of ancient India, the game was
popularized as a competitive sport in the
20th century. It is the national sport of
Bangladesh.[1][2] It is the state game of the
Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar,
Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra,
Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Uttar
Pradesh.

There are two major disciplines of

Kabaddi: so-called Punjabi kabaddi, also
referred to as "circle style," comprises
traditional forms of the sport that are
played on a circular field outdoors, while
the "standard style," played on a
rectangular court indoors, is a discipline
played in major professional leagues and
international competitions such as the
Asian Games.

The game known by numerous names in

different parts of the South Asia, such as
kabaddi or chedugudu in Andhra Pradesh,
kabaddi in Maharashtra and Karnataka,
Kerala and Telangana, kabadi or ha-du-du
in Bangladesh, bhavatik in Maldives, kauddi
or kabaddi in the Punjab region, hu-tu-tu in
Western India, hu-do-do in Eastern India,
chadakudu in South India, kapardi in Nepal
and kabadi or sadugudu in Tamil Nadu.

History
Kabaddi (Tamil: கப ) originated in the
modern Tamil region of the Indian
subcontinent, which is predominantly
present day Tamil Nadu and parts of other
South Indian states of India. Tamil empire
spread this game to South East Asia
during their sea trade. The word kabaddi
has been derived from the Tamil word "kai-
pidi" (ைக ) which means "to hold
hands".

This is also equal to jallikattu where the

raiders are the bulls.

The exact origins of Kabaddi are disputed,

although there is no solid proof, theories
from religious believers states that
Kabaddi originated from either the Vedic
period of ancient India, or the Sistan region
of present-day Iran. The game was said to
have been popular among the Yadava
people; an abhang by Tukaram stated that
the god Krishna played the game in his
youth, while the Mahabharata contains an
account of Arjuna being able to sneak into
hostile areas also take out enemies
unscathed, which they are claiming that
parallels the gameplay of kabaddi.

There are also accounts of Gautama

Buddha having played the game
recreationally.

Despite these conflicting claims, India has

been credited with having helped to
popularize kabaddi as a competitive sport,
with the first organized competitions
occurring in the 1920s, their introduction
to the programme of the Indian Olympic
Games in 1938, the establishment of the
All-India Kabaddi Federation in 1950, and it
being played as a demonstration sport at
the inaugural 1951 Asian Games in New
Delhi. These developments helped to
formalize the sport, which had traditionally
been played in villages, for legitimate
international competition.[3][4][5]

After being demonstrated again at the

1982 Asian Games in Delhi, Kabaddi was
added to the Asian Games' programme
beginning in 1990.[6]
Variations of Kabaddi
Standard style

A kabaddi court at the 2006 Asian Games.

In the international team version of

kabaddi, two teams of seven members
each occupy opposite halves of a court of
10 by 13 metres (33 ft × 43 ft) in case of
men and 8 by 12 metres (26 ft × 39 ft) in
case of women. Each has five
supplementary players held in reserve, i.e.
for substitution. The game is played with
20-minute halves with a 5-minute half
break in which the teams exchange sides.
During each play, known as a "raid", a
player from the attacking side, known as
the "raider", runs into the opposing team's
side of the court and attempts to tag as
many of the seven defending players as
far as possible for a raider. For a raid to be
eligible for points, the raider must cross
the baulk line in the defending team's
territory, and return to their half of the field
without being tackled (note that if an
attacker touches a defender and hasn't yet
reached the baulk line, they don't need to
reach the baulk line to score points and
may return to their half of the court[7]).
While doing so, the raider must also loudly
chant the word "kabaddi", confirming to
referees that their raid is done on a single
breath without inhaling. A 30-second shot
clock is also enforced on each
raid.[8][9][10][11]

A point is scored for each defender

tagged. If the raider steps beyond the
bonus line marked in the defending team's
territory, they earn an additional point
known as a bonus point. If the raider is
successfully stopped, the opposing team
earns a point instead. All players tagged
are taken out of the game, but one is
"revived" for each point a team scores
from a subsequent tag or tackle (bonus
points do not revive players). Players who
step out of the boundary or lobbies are
also out. A raid where no points are scored
by the raider is referred to as an "empty
raid". By contrast, a play where the raider
scores three or more points is referred to
as a "super raid". If a team gets all seven
players on the opposing team out at once
("All Out"), they earn two additional points
and the players are placed back in the
game.[8][9][10][11]
Additional rules are used in the Pro
Kabaddi League: if a team has two empty
raids in a row, the next raider must score a
point on their next raid, because the next
raid is a "do-or-die" raid. In this raid, the
player must either get a point or be out. If
the raider does not get a point then the
opposite team will get a point and the
raider will be declared out. Additionally
when fewer than four players left on the
field, tackles are worth 2 points ("super
tackle").[8][9][10][11]

Circle style
A circle kabaddi match being played in Bhimber.

There are four major forms of Indian

kabaddi recognised by the amateur
federation. In Sanjeevani kabaddi, one
player is revived against one player of the
opposite team who is out. The game is
played over 40 minutes with a five minute
break between halves. There are seven
players on each side and the team that
outs all the players on the opponent’s side
scores four extra points. In Gaminee style,
seven players play on each side and a
player put out has to remain out until all
his team members are out. The team that
is successful in outing all the players of
the opponent’s side secures a point. The
game continues until five or seven such
points are secured and has no fixed time
duration. Amar style resembles the
Sanjeevani form in the time frame rule, but
a player who is declared out stays inside
the court while play continues. For every
player of the opposition touched "out", a
team earns a point.[12] Punjabi kabaddi is a
variation that is played on a circular pitch
of a diameter of 22 metres (72 ft).[13]

International competitions
The following competitions are played in
standard format, for that of circle style
kabaddi, see Punjabi kabaddi.

Kabaddi World Cup

The standard style Kabaddi World Cup is

an outdoor international kabaddi
competition conducted by the
International Kabaddi Federation (IKF),
contested by men's and women's national
teams. The competition has been
previously contested in 2004, 2007 and
2016. All the tournaments have been won
by India. India defeated Iran by 38-29 in
the final of the championship game to
clinch the title of 2016.

After the establishment of a new kabaddi

organization named World Kabaddi
Federation, a world cup in 2019 at
Malacca, Malaysia will be organized. It will
be the largest world cup in kabaddi history,
consisting of 32 men teams.

Asian Games
Pictogram of kabaddi

Play media
(video) Kabaddi being played in Japan, 2015

Kabaddi has been played at the Asian

Games since 1990. The Indian national
team had won every men's and women's
kabaddi competition in the Asian Games
from 1990 through 2014. At the 2018
Asian Games, Iran became the first
country outside of India to win gold
medals in Kabaddi, with India's men's team
winning bronze, and India's women's team
being beaten by Iran to win silver.

Pro Kabaddi League

The Pro Kabaddi League was established

in 2014. The league modeled its business
upon that of the Indian Premier League of
Twenty20 cricket, with a large focus on
marketing, the backing of local
broadcaster Star Sports, and changes to
the sport’s rules and its presentation to
make it more suitable for a television
audience.[14] The Pro Kabaddi League
quickly became a ratings success on
Indian television; the 2014 season was
watched by at least 435 million viewers
over the course of the season, and the
inaugural championship match was seen
by 98.6 million viewers.[15][16]

Indo International Premier Kabaddi

League

The Inaugural edition of the IIPKL was on

13 May at the Pune, India[17]. The title for
the inaugural season was won by the
Bangalore Rhinos [18]
Super Kabaddi League

In May 2018, the Super Kabaddi League

was first held in Pakistan, as part of a
larger push to promote renewed interest in
the sport in Pakistan.[19][20][21]

Women's Kabaddi Challenge

Women’s Kabaddi Challenge is a women's

kabaddi league. The first season was
played from 28 June to 31 July 2016 and
was broadcast by Star Sports in India.
Three teams took part and the league
played across seven cities in India. The
final was played alongside the men’s
version on 31 July. The Storm Queens
produced a last-second turnaround to
defeat the Fire Birds 24-23.

Asian Kabaddi Championship

AKC's tenth season was played in Gorgan,

Iran in 2017 in which India won 10th gold
by defeating Pakistan in the finals.

Kabaddi Masters

The inaugural edition of the Kabaddi

Masters was held in Dubai from 22 to 30
June 2018. It was the first Kabaddi
tournament to be held in the UAE. It
featured 6 teams. India won the
tournament by defeating Iran in the final
with a scoreline of 44-26, with the Indian
Defense out performing the Iran
Defense[22].

Popularity
Kabaddi is a popular sport in the
subcontinent. The Kabaddi Federation of
India (KFI) was founded in 1950, and it
compiled a standard set of rules. The
governing body for Kabaddi in Pakistan is
Pakistan Kabaddi Federation.

In Bangladesh, there is a variation of

Kabaddi called Ha-du-du, going back to
ancient times. Ha-du-du has no definite
rules and is played with different rules in
different areas. Kabaddi is the national
sport of Bangladesh, given official status
in 1972.[2] The Amateur Kabaddi
Federation of Bangladesh was formed in
1973.

In Iran, the Community of Kabaddi was

formed in 1996, in the same year they
joined the Asian Kabaddi Federation and in
2001 they joined the International Kabaddi
Federation. The Iran Amateur Kabaddi
Federation was formed in 2004.
Kabaddi is one of the national sports of
Nepal. Kabaddi is played and taught at a
very early age in most primary schools
beginning in the third grade or so in most
Nepali schools. Kabaddi was also played
by the British Army for fun, to keep fit and
as an enticement to recruit soldiers from
the British Asian community. Kabaddi was
brought to the United Kingdom by Indian,
Bangladeshi and Pakistani immigrants.
The governing body for Kabaddi in the
United Kingdom is the England Kabaddi
Federation UK.

In popular culture
Films depicting kabaddi
Gunga Jumna (1961)
Kudumba Thalaivan (1962)
Ganga Ki Saugandh (1978)
Naseeb (1981)
Little Buddha (1993)
Pardes (1997)
Hu Tu Tu (1999)
Kabaddi Kabaddi (2003)
Okkadu (2003)
Ghilli (2004)
Ajay (2006)
Kabaddi (2009)
Vennila Kabadi Kuzhu (2009)
Bheemli Kabadi Jattu (2010)
Chal Dhar Pakad (2010)
Kabaddi Ik Mohabbat (2010)
Kabaddi Once Again (2012)
Badlapur Boys (2014)
Tevar (2015)
Thoppil Joppan (2016)
Georgettan's Pooram (2017)
"bathhi kabaddi league "(2017)
Anime and manga depicting kabaddi
Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu (2003)
Gintama (2006)
Teekyu (2013)
Durarara!!×2 Shō (2015)
 Chio's School Road (2016, manga; 2018,
anime)
Uwagaki (2009)
Student of the Year 2 (2019)
Dramas depicting kabaddi
Bitter Sweet (2015)
Azhagiya Tamil Magal (2017)
"Varanasi kabbadi league "(2017)
Super Kabaddi League Pakistan (2017)

See also
Punjabi Kabaddi
Kabaddi in India
Boli Khela
References
1. "A tale of kabaddi, Bangladesh's
national sport" . Dhaka Tribune.
Retrieved 31 July 2017.
2. Faroqi, Gofran. "Kabadi" . Banglapedia:
National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh.
Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
3. "The kabaddi question - whose game
is it anyway?" . ESPN.com. Retrieved
20 August 2018.
4. Sen, Ronojoy (27 October 2015).
Nation at Play: A History of Sport in
India . Columbia University Press.
ISBN 9780231539937.
5. "A tale of kabaddi, Bangladesh's
national sport" . Dhaka Tribune.
Retrieved 31 July 2017.
6. Pioneer. "Kabaddi goes international" .
Retrieved 23 August 2018.
7. https://www.prokabaddi.com/prokaba
ddi-rules
8. "Rules of Kabaddi" . International
Kabaddi Federation (IKF). Archived
from the original on 4 March 2016.
Retrieved 26 August 2014.
9. "Kabaddi World Cup 2016: A handy
guide to the format, rules and how the
sport works" . Firstpost. 5 October
2016. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
10. "Kabaddi 101: Raid, defend, revive,
repeat" . ESPN.com. Retrieved
29 October 2017.
11. "Everything you need to know about
Kabaddi" . The Indian Express. 30
January 2016. Retrieved 29 October
2017.
12. "Kabaddi In India: Origins, success and
current pitiable state" .
Sportskeeda.com. 7 March 2014.
Retrieved 17 March 2015.
13. Kissa 2 Kabaddi da. Sarwan Singh
Sangam Publications. ISBN 93-83654-
65-1.
14. "Kabaddi gets the IPL treatment" . BBC
News. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
15. "Pro Kabaddi league viewership
second only to IPL" . The Hindu.
Retrieved 22 October 2016.
16. "Simple, visceral, fun: why the ancient
sport of kabaddi is enjoying a
resurgence" . The Guardian. Retrieved
21 October 2016.
17. "Indo International Premier Kabaddi
League Grand Opening" . IIPKL.
Retrieved 8 August 2019.
18. "Bangalore Rhinos become
Champions in the Indo International
Premier Kabaddi League" . Kabaddi
Adda. Retrieved 8 August 2019.
19. "The importance of professional
leagues" . The News on Sunday. 25
November 2018. Retrieved
19 December 2018.
20. "Beleaguered no more: Kabaddi gains
popularity in Pakistan" . The New
Indian Express. Retrieved
19 December 2018.
21. "Kabaddi league: Pakistanis axed from
roster" . The Express Tribune. 21 July
2015. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
22. "Kabaddi Masters Dubai 2018 - Match
15 - INDIA vs IRAN" . Kabaddi Adda.
Retrieved 8 August 2019.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media

related to Kabaddi.

World Kabaddi
International Kabaddi Federation official
website
Asian Amateur Kabaddi Federation
official website
Amateur Kabaddi Federation of India
(AKFI) official website
 A Game Called Kabbadi – slideshow by
The New York Times

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