PD 1096

BP 344

RA 9514

BP 220

PD 957

PD 856

RA 7279

RA 9266
RA 7160

RA 386

RA 544

RA 545

RA 8534

PD 1067
RULE I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
■

■
– It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State to safeguard life,
health, property, and public welfare, consistent with the principles
of sound environmental management and control; and to this end,
make it the purpose of the Code to provide for all buildings and
structures, a to
regulate and control their location, site, design, quality of materials,
construction, use, occupancy, and maintenance.

■
–
■

–
■
RULE I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
■
❑ in the site preparation,
excavation, foundation, assembly of all the components and
installation of utilities, machineries and equipment of
buildings/structures

❑ the height and/or

floor area of existing buildings/structures

❑ Works in buildings/structures involving

in the materials used, partitioning, location/size of openings,
structural parts, existing utilities and equipment but does not
increase the building height and/or floor area.
❑ made on
buildings/structures to increase the value, quality, and/or to
improve the aesthetic.
❑ done on any damaged or
deteriorated portion/s of building/structure to restore to its
original condition.
RULE I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
■

❑ of
buildings/structures or any portion/s thereof, which has
different requirements.

❑ or portion/s
thereof from original location or position to another, either
within the same lot or to a different one

❑
to support the Main Building.
RULE II - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
■ General Powers and Functions of the Secretary
– Annotation: Many Building Officials appointed by the DPWH Secretary
simultaneously hold the office of City/Municipal Engineer, a position
created under R.A. No. 7160. This situation has resulted in only one (1)
individual overseeing both the horizontal and vertical developments
for local government units (LGUs).
– R.A. No. 9266, The Architecture Act of 2004 provides that positions in
government requiring the expertise of architects shall only be filled by
registered and licensed architects (RLAs). R.A. No. 9266 also expressly
provides that all national and local government officials, such as
Building Officials and Municipal/City Engineers shall implement the said
law

■ FEES
■
■
– Building Official shall retain not more than 20% of the
income/collection derived from permit fees and other charges for the
operating expenses.
– The remainder of 100% shall accrue to the general fund of the
respective city/municipality.
RULE II - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
■
– The Secretary/authorized representative may
impose fines not exceeding P10, 000.00 in the
following cases
▪ Proceeding with work without a Permit
▪ Unauthorized Deviations from Drawings during
Construction
▪ Non-Compliance with Work Stoppage Order
▪ Non-Compliance with Order of Demolish
▪ Using Bldg. without corresponding Certification of
Change of Use.
▪ Failure to Post Certificate of Occupancy
▪ Change in Type to Construction without Permit
RULE II - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
■
– Determination of Amount of Fines:
■ Light Violations
– P 5,000.00

■ Less Grave Violations

– P 8,000.00

■ Grave Violations
– P 10,000.00
RULE II - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
■
– Any building or structure is found or declared to be
dangerous or ruinous, the Building Official shall
order its:
– Repair
– Vacation
– Demolition
– depending upon the degree of danger to life

– This is without prejudice to further action that may be taken

under the provisions of Articles 482 and 694 to 707 of the Civil
Code of the Philippines (RA. 386).
RA 386: CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

■
▪ If a building, wall, column, or any other
construction is in danger of falling, the owner shall
be obliged to demolish it or to execute the
necessary work in order to prevent it from falling.

▪ If the proprietor does not comply with this

obligation, the administrative authorities may order
the demolition of the structure at the expense of
the owner, or take measures to insure public
safety.
RA 386: CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

■
– A nuisance is any act, omission, establishment, business,
condition of property, or anything else which:
– (1) Injures or endangers the health or safety of others; or
– (2) Annoys or offends the senses; or
– (3) Shocks, defies or disregards decency or morality; or
– (4) Obstructs or interferes with the free passage of any public
highway or street, or any body of water; or
– (5) Hinders or impairs the use of property.

■
– A private person or a public official extrajudicially abating a
nuisance shall be liable for damages:
■ If he causes unnecessary injury; or
■ If an alleged nuisance is later declared by the courts to be not
a real nuisance.
RULE II - ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT
■
RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION
■
– Written Authorization allowing to Proceed in Construction.
▪
– The Ancillary Permits duly signed and sealed by the corresponding
professionals and the plans and specifications shall be submitted
together with the duly notarized application for Building Permit.
– The
. The prescribed Ancillary and other Accessory
Permits/forms shall likewise be used whenever applicable. The
Ancillary Permits are the following:
❑
❑
❑
❑
❑
❑
❑
RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION
■
▪
❑
❑
❑
❑

❑
RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION
■
▪
❑
❑
❑

▪
❑

▪
❑
❑
RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION
■
▪
❑

▪
❑
❑
▪
 RA 386: CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

■
▪ The Engineer or Architect who drew up the plans and specifications for
a building is liable for damages if within 15 years from the completion of
the structure, the same should collapse by reason of a defect in those
plans and specifications, or due to the defects in the ground. The
contractor is likewise responsible for the damages if the edifice falls,
within the same period, on account of defects in the construction or
the use of materials of inferior quality furnished by him, or due to any
violation of the terms of the contract. If the Engineer or Architect
supervises the construction, he shall be solidarily liable with the
contractor.
▪ Acceptance of the building, after completion, does not imply waiver of
any of the cause of action by reason of any defect mentioned in the
preceding paragraph.
▪ The action must be brought within 10 years following the collapse of the
building.
▪
▪ The contractor who undertakes to build a structure or any other work for
a stipulated price, in conformity with plans and specifications agreed
upon with the land-owner, can neither withdraw from the contract nor
demand an increase in the price on account of the higher cost of labor
or materials, save when there has been a change in the plans and
specifications, provided:
▪ (1) Such change has been authorized by the proprietor in writing; and
▪ (2) The additional price to be paid to the contractor has been determined
in writing by both parties.
RULE III - PERMITS AND INSPECTION

■
▪
❑
❑
❑

▪
❑
RULE IV – TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

■
■

■
■

■
RULE V - REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE ZONES

■
❑
■ All types are Allowed

❑
■ Type I is not Allowed

❑
■ Types I, II & III is not allowed
RULE VI - FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION
RULE VII - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL
BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY
■
▪
❑

▪
❑
RULE VII - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL
BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY

■
■
–
–
■
–
–
■
■
RULE VII - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL
BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY

■
■
■

■
–
RULE IX - SANITATION
■
❑ Portable Water shall be sourced from existing Mun.
Waterworks System whenever possible.

■
❑ Conform to Criteria of Nat’l. Std for Drinking Water
❑ →
■
❑ Discharged directly into nearest street Sanitary Sewer main.
❑ If no sanitary sewer, Septic Tank may be used.

■
❑ Rainwater shall not discharge into Sanitary Sewer.
RULE IX - SANITATION
■
❑ The quality of drinking water from or
sources shall conform to the criteria set in the
latest approved National Standards for Drinking Water*.

■
❑ All buildings shall be provided with .
❑ without artificial ventilation shall
be , e.g. Carinderia

■
❑ Noise as an unwanted sound both in quality and intensity
and excessive vibration whose sources in building/structure
construction shall conform to acceptable limits the required
emission standards of DENR.
RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS
■ of any structure or its appendage shall project into any
alley, street, road or public highway except:
❑ along
national roads or public highway may project

❑ may be permitted to encroach into public

sidewalk areas to a width
❑
RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS
■ of any structure or its appendage shall project into any
alley, street, road or public highway except:
❑ along
national roads or public highway may project

❑ may be permitted to encroach into public

sidewalk areas to a width
❑
RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS
■ The width of the arcade and its height shall be
uniform throughout the street
❑ Arcade shall not be less than 3.00 meters above the
established sidewalk grade.
❑ Arcaded pedestrian walkways shall have a clear height of
3.00 meters

■ permanent roofed structure above a

door attached to and supported by the building and projecting
over a wall or sidewalk
❑ Horizontal clearance shall not less than 300 millimeters.
❑ Constructed of incombustible material or materials of not less
than 2 hours fire-resistive.
RULE X – BUILDING PROJECTION OVER PUBLIC STREETS
■ less than 2.40 meters above the
pavement or groundline shall not, when fully opened/opening,
project beyond the property line except fire exit doors

■
RULE XI - PROTECTION OF PEDESTRIANS DURING CONSTRUCTION
■
– in case sidewalk will be use in construction/demolition, a
of shall
be provided.
■
– Always required,

■
– clear unobstructed height
of above
the walkway
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
– Subject to the provisions of Articles 684 to 686 of the Civil
Code of the Philippines on lateral and subjacent support, the
design and quality of materials used structurally in excavation,
footings, and in foundations shall conform to accepted engineering
practice.
RA 386: CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

■
▪ No proprietor shall make such upon his land as to
.

■
▪ Any stipulation or testamentary provision allowing
to an adjacent land or building .

■
▪ The of lateral and subjacent support is not only for buildings
standing at the time the excavations are made but also for constructions
that may be erected.
■
▪ Any intending to make contemplated in the three
preceding articles .
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Mezzanine floor (for other than storage purposes) greater in
area than or more than in any
dimension, shall have at least to an
adjacent floor.

❑ Changes in floor elevations of

along any exit serving a tributary occupant load of
shall be by .
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ In all occupancies, floors having an
occupant load of shall not have less
than .
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Occupant Load of 500~999 → at least three (3) exits.
❑ Occupant Load of 1000+ → at least four (4) exits.
■
❑ total width of exits in meters shall not be less than:

❑ Occupant load of that Storey plus the percentage of the

occupant loads of floors which exits through the level under
consideration as follows:
❑ 50% of the occupant load in the first adjacent storey above
(and the first adjacent storey below when a storey below exits through
the level under consideration)
❑ 25% of the occupant load in the storey immediately beyond
the first adjacent Storey.
❑ The maximum exit width from any storey of a building shall be
maintained.
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ 2 Exits → apart by 1/5 of Perimeter.
❑ 3+ Exits → arranged a reasonable distance.

■
❑ Without Sprinkler System → 45.00 m Max. distance
❑ With Sprinkler System → 60.00 m Max. distance

■
❑ Min. Width of Doorway → 0.90m
❑ Min. Height of Doorway → 2.00m
❑ Shall be capable to open → up to 90°

■
❑ Revolving Doors
❑ Sliding Doors
❑ Overhead Doors
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Occupant load of (50) & more → not less than 1.10 meters.
❑ Occupant load of (50) or Less → not less than 0.90 meters.
❑ Private stairway less than ten (10) occupants
→ not less than 750 millimeters.
❑ Trim and handrails shall not reduce the required width:
→ by more than 100 millimeters.

■
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■

■
❑

1.20 meters
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Min. 3.60m Vertical
Clearance between
landings

❑ The locking device

must be of a type
that will readily be
distinguishable as
locked.
❑ Flush bolts or
surface bolts are
prohibited
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Shall be at least 0.80m wide if serving 1 side
❑ Shall be at least 1.00m wide if serving 2 sides
❑ Min. width measured at the point farthest from an exit, cross
aisle, or foyer
→ Shall be increase by 30mm every
additional meter (both single & double loaded)

■
❑ Line of Travel to Exit Door → 45.00m Distance
❑ (for Group H & I occupancies)
❑ Max. 7 Seats between Wall & Aisle
❑ Max. 14 Seats between Two Aisle
❑ Max. Slope: 1 is to 8
❑ Seats between aisles may be increased to 30 if:
❑ One (1) pair of exit doors for every five (5) rows of seats
❑ Distance bet. seats back to back is at least 1.00 meter
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
Spacing of rows of seats from back-to-back shall
not less than 840 millimeters
❑ 450mm clear → rows of 18 seats or less
❑ 500mm clear → rows of 35 seats or less
❑ 525mm clear → rows of 45 seats or less
❑ 550mm clear → rows of 46 seats or more ‘\

Minimum spacing of rows of seats back-to-back:

❑ 600mm for seats without backrests in open air stands
❑ 750mm for seats with backrests
❑ 850mm for chair seating
❑ There shall be a space of not less than 300 millimeters
between the back of each seat and the front of the seat
immediately behind it.
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ Dry Standpipes - requirement for every building
four (4) or more storeys in height.
❑ Number Required – Every building four (4) or more
storeys in height where the area of any floor
above the third (3rd) floor is 950 sq.m.or less
→ shall be equipped with at least one (1) dry
standpipe and an additional standpipe
→ shall be installed for each additional 950 sq.m.
❑ Dry standpipes shall capable of delivering 900 liters
of water per minute from each of any three (3)
outlets simultaneously under pressure created by
one (1) fire engine or pumper.
RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
■
❑ All Portion of Building with 6.00m of Nozzle Attached to
Hose 23.00m in Length.

❑ Tanks shall have a capacity enough to furnish at least

1,500 liters per minute for a period of not less than 10
minutes.

❑ In Group B, C, D, E, F and G Occupancies, the location

of all interior wet standpipes shall be in accordance
with the requirement for dry standpipes; Provided, that
at least one (1) standpipe is installed to cover not more
than 650 sq. meters.
RULE XIII - ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS
■
❑ RA 7920 – “Electrical Engineering Law”
❑ Where building/s exceed 15.00 meters in height,
overhead lines shall be arranged where
practicable so that clear space or zone at least
1.80 meters (horizontal) will be left adjacent to the
building or beginning not over 2.45 meters
(horizontal) from the building, to facilitate the
raising of ladders where necessary for fire fighting.

❑ Conductors shall have a clearance of not less than

2.50 meters from the highest point of roofs.
RULE XIII - ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS
■
❑ RA 8495 – “Mechanical Engineering Law”
❑ Elevators → In apartments or residential condominiums
of five (5) storeys or more, at least one (1) passenger
elevator shall be kept on twenty-four (24) hour constant
service
❑ Elevator Pit → Min. of 600mm (From Car to Bottom)

❑ Escalators → The width between balustrades:

❑ not be less than 560 millimeters nor more than 1.20
meters.
❑ This width shall not exceed the width of the steps by more
than 330 millimeters.
❑ Rated speed → not more than 38 meters/minute.

❑ Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

→ comfortable cooling shall be maintained
at 20° to 24°Celsius
RULE XIII - ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL REGULATIONS
■
❑ Piping 100 millimeters in diameter and above shall be
flanged. Smaller sized pipes may be screwed.
❑ Identification of piping by color and tag shall be as follows:
RULE XIV - PHOTOGRAPHIC AND X-RAY FILMS
RULE XV – PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
RULE XVI - PLASTICS
❑ Plastic skylights shall be separated from each
other by at least 2.50 meters laterally and 3.00
meters along the slope of the roof
❑ The area of individual plastic skylights shall not
exceed 10.00 square meters
RULE XVII - SHEET METAL PAINT SPRAY BOOTHS
❑ The area of a paint spray booth shall not exceed
150 sq. meters nor 10% of the basic area
permitted for the major use of the building
RULE XVIII – GLASS AND GLAZING
❑
❑ More than 600mm width and 180mm or more in height
adjacent to wall opening shall be safety glass unless a
bulkhead of opaque materials not less than 450mm high is
provided.
❑ for use in large area along shopping malls, commercial
buildings, theaters, offices, institutional public buildings and
factories other than Group A, B and J Occupancies.
RULE XVIII – GLASS AND GLAZING

❑ Frameless glass doors, etc., and similar glazed openings

which may be subject to accidental human impact
excepts:
❑ 1. Bathtub and shower enclosures constructed from
approved shatter-resistant materials such as:
❑ wire-reinforced glass not less than 5.6 millimeters thick
❑ fully tempered glass not less than 4.8 millimeters thick
❑ laminated safety glass not less than 6.4 millimeters thick.

❑ 2. Glass lights not less than 450mm above the adjacent

finished floor or walking surface.

❑ 3. Glass lights least dimension is not greater than 450mm

wide.

❑ 4. Glass lights 1.50 sq. meters or less in area.

RULE XIX – THE USE OF COMPUTERS
RULE XX - SIGNS
❑ Roof Signs → Bawal sa RROW
❑ Ground Signs → Bawal sa Road Right-of-Way
❑ Projecting Signs on Non-Arcaded RROW: shall not project 1.20m
❑ Projecting Signs on Arcaded RROW: shall not project than 0.60m
RULE XX - SIGNS
❑ Bldgs. abutting RROW without Sidewalks
→ Signs shall not project more than 0.30m
❑ Min. Vertical Clearance → 3.00m (Non-Arcaded RROW)
→ 5.00m (Arcaded RROW)