Vocable BREXIT

4 pages centrales de quiz pour progresser en anglais
PRATIC’ABLE Comment utiliser still, yet et already ? / Vocabulaire : à l'infirmerie
N° 437 / All English. Les mots difficiles expliqués en anglais Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 / 3,50 €
La presse internationale en V.O. pour progresser en anglais
THE BREXIT
DEADLOCK IS IT ALL ABOUT THE MONEY?
SOCIETY CULTURE POLITICS

WHY ARE UNICORNS DONALD TRUMP'S MEET TRUDEAU’S
SO POPULAR? FAKE RENOIR NEW RIVAL
THE GUARDIAN CHICAGO TRIBUNE THE ECONOMIST
DOSSIER DÉCOUVERTE :
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LES DOCKS
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34, QUAI D’AUSTERLITZ - PARIS
édito sommaire N° 437 / Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017
NIVEAU DE DIFFICULTÉ ET ÉQUIVALENCE CECRL
(Cadre Européen Commun de Référence pour les langues) :
À facile A2-B1 ÀÀ moyen B2-C1 ÀÀÀ difficile C1-C2
Pour faciliter le repérage et la compréhension, les mots traduits sont surlignés dans tous les
articles du magazine.
ÉMILIE COCHAUD Grand angle ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

RÉDACTRICE EN CHEF On parle d'eux ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5
A la une
Man versus machine ÀÀ B2-C1 The UK wants Brexit trade talks.
The EU wants more money THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ............................... 6
In this issue of Vocable, we invite you to take a Is it all about the money?
technological voyage into the world of artificial
intelligence. Self-driving cars, robot companions, ÀÀ B2-C1 Leaving “The City” THE GUARDIAN (UK) ......................................................................................... 8
champion Go playing machines… AI is a fasci- From London to Frankfurt and beyond.
nating subject; it both scares us and feeds our
imagination. Not a day goes by without more Société
advances being made. ÀÀ B2-C1 American rap, local whiskey:
Welcome to Bhutan LOS ANGELES TIMES (US) .................................................................................. 10
This summer, the two giants of Silicon Valley, Tiny kingdom opens up to the world.
Elon Musk, owner of Tesla, and Mark Zuck-
erberg, founder of Facebook, had a very public ÀÀ B2-C1 Why are unicorns so popular? THE GUARDIAN (UK) ...................................................... 12
disagreement about the merits of this technol- The emblem for our times.
ogy. Musk sees it as, “the greatest risk we face
as a civilization” whereas Zuckerberg is very Enjeux
optimistic, believing that AI will improve our ÀÀ B2-C1 Meet Jagmeet THE ECONOMIST (UK) ................................................................................................................... 14
daily existence. Canada’s newest political star.
Whether it poses a threat or promises progress, À A2-B1 A 360° ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16

there is no stopping the research into artificial
intelligence and Canada has positioned itself
as a leader in the field. In this issue, we go to PRATIC’ABLE ................................................................................................................................. 17
Toronto to meet one of the pioneers in this area Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler
of research, Geoffrey Hinton, a scientist and comme un anglophone
fascinating character. We also explore how this À l’infirmerie / Point de grammaire : Still, yet, already / L’expression
technology can make significant changes to idiomatique
healthcare with more effective diagnostics and
treatments.
ÀÀ B2-C1 Lord, make me free – but not yet THE ECONOMIST (UK) .................................... 21
Happy reading and happy discovery!
Independence for Scotland will have to wait.
Culture
À A2-B1 Trump’s fake Renoir CHICAGO TRIBUNE (US) ..................................................................................... 23
Fake news or fake art?
ÀÀ B2-C1 “Wonderstruck” USA TODAY (US) ............................................................................................................................. 24

Making room for deaf performers.
Rejoignez-nous sur et suivez-nous sur et sur ÀÀÀ C1-C2 Two Decades of Placebo THE INDEPENDENT (UK) ................................................................ 26
Brian Molko reflects on his rock band’s career.
À A2-B1 Echos ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28

BONUS
L’article est repris sur le CD ou les MP3 Découverte

de conversation : Des interviews en V.O. ÀÀ B2-C1 The “godfather” of artificial intelligence
pour améliorer votre compréhension THE NEW YORK TIMES (US) ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Tous les articles du magazine sont lus par des The man who revolutionized AI.
anglophones sur le CD (ou les MP3) de lecture
ÀÀ B2-C1 Doctors of the future THE GUARDIAN (UK) ......................................................................................... 30
Retrouvez le reportage vidéo
Dr Robot at your service.
lié à l’ article sur vocable.fr
Les sorties .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34

Photo de couverture : ISTOCK Le dessin ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Grand L’actualité en images
angle
(Wakaskar/PACIFIC P/SIPA)
ETATS-UNIS
THEY DID IT!

Over 3,000 people dressed as Rosie The Riveter set a new world record in the
United States last month. Flexing their biceps and wearing the famous polka
dot bandana, women (and men!) of all generations gathered in the city of
Ypsilanti, Michigan, to celebrate the cultural icon from World War II. Rosie
represented women moving into the workforce and filling factory jobs
traditionally held by men, who were away at war. “She has inspired generations
of women to break down barriers,” said Congresswoman Debbie Dingell,
The We can do it! poster is easily one of the most co-chair of the event. “Like the Rosies who came before us, Michigan women
recognizable images from US history. This
American propaganda picture was created in 1943 embody the ‘We Can Do It’ spirit.”
by the graphic artist J. Howard Miller. It was used in
a campaign to deter strikes and absenteeism, but over more than / to dress to put clothes on, wear (here a costume, disguise) / Rosie the Riveter Rosie the worker
the poster was actually little seen during the war. who inserts and hammers rivets (rivet stud, metal fastener) / to set, set, set a record to achieve a new limit for an
The image was rediscovered later, in the early
activity / to flex to show off (muscle) / to wear, wore, worn to put on, dress in / polka-dot spotted / to gather to
1980s, and became a symbol of feminism and
women empowerment. congregate, assemble / to move into to integrate into / workforce force of workers available / to fill to occupy (a
post) / to hold, held, held to occupy (a position) / to break, broke, broken down here, to reduce, destroy / barrier
recognizable well known, easily identified, famous / obstacle / co-chair co person in charge / to come, came, come here, to live, exist / to embody to incarnate,
to deter to discourage, prevent / strike cessation of illustrate / spirit attitude, here, enthusiasm, dynamism.
work by employees in protest / actually in fact, in
reality / female empowerment women’s
emancipation.
4 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017

On parle d'eux… Retrouvez le fil d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
Ceux qui font l'actu
JACINDA ARDERN
Jacinda Ardern has become the new prime
minister of New Zealand. At 37 years old, she
is the third woman to lead the country and the
youngest prime minister in 150 years. Since
becoming leader of the Labour party three
months ago, Jacinda Ardern had energized a
rapid surge in the party’s popularity that sup-
porters began referring to as “Jacindamania.”
As prime minister, she promised to tackle cli-
mate change, eradicate child poverty and im-
prove the lives of the country’s most vulnera-
(Nick Perry/AP/SIPA)
ble people.
(the) Labour party left of centre party / surge rapid rise, sudden
increase / supporter sympathiser, follower, party faithful / as while /
to tackle to deal with, try to resolve / to improve to make better.
(White House/NEWSCOM/SIPA)
(Richard Shotwell/AP/SIPA)
(Joel Ryan/AP/SIPA)
MARK HALPERIN STEPHEN HAWKING JFK
Mark Halperin, a prominent American Stephen Hawking broke the internet! His PhD On 26 October, the US government released
journalist, has apologized after several thesis crashed Cambridge University’s website nearly 3,000 previously classified files on the
women accused him of sexual harassment. after being made available to the public for assassination of President John F. Kennedy in
“The world is now publicly acknowledging the first time. Demand to see the British 1963 in Dallas, Texas. President Donald Trump
what so many women have long known: men scientist’s work was so great – it got over two delayed the release of hundreds of other
harm women in the workplace… For a long million hits– that the site went down. documents, saying he had “no choice” but to
time I was part of the problem,” Halperin Professor Hawking is regarded as the most consider “national security, law enforcement
wrote on Twitter. He is one of many powerful famous astrophysicist on the planet. He is and foreign affairs concerns” at the request of
men who have been accused of sexual known for his work on black holes and his government agencies. Many commentators say
misconduct following the Harvey Weinstein best-seller book A Brief History Of Our Time. the so-called “JFK files” are unlikely to contain
scandal. Halperin was suspended by TV His 1966 thesis considers the implications and any bombshell revelations or put to rest the
channels MSNBC and NBC. consequences of the expansion of the conspiracy theories about the assassination.
universe.
prominent eminent / to apologize to excuse oneself, to release here, to make public / nearly near to,
say sorry / harassment persistent torment / to PhD = Doctor of Philosophy, doctorate / to crash to stop practically / previously formerly, until now / classified
acknowledge to admit, recognize / long for a long time working suddenly / to make, made, made to render / confidential, top secret / file collection of information /
/ to harm to cause damage or injury to (here, to harass) available accessible, at one’s disposal / over more than to delay to put off until later / law enforcement
/ workplace place where one works / misconduct / hit here, connection, person visiting a website / to go, application of the law and security matters / concern
reprehensible behaviour, inappropriate actions / went, gone down here, to stop working / to regard to worry, preoccupation / request demand / so-called
channel TV station. consider / black hole region in space from which no named, known as / unlikely improbable / bombshell
matter or radiation can escape / A Brief History Of Our bomb, here extraordinary news / to put, put, put to
Time Une brève histoire du temps / to consider to reflect rest to silence / conspiracy plot, secret plan.
upon, envisage.
VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 •5

À la une Brexit timeline
I Economie I ROYAUME-UNI I ÀÀ B2-C1
July 13: Theresa May becomes Prime Minister following
David Cameron’s resignation.
2016
June 23: The UK holds a referendum on whether to leave or 2017
remain in the EU. “Leave” wins by 52 percent. March 29: The UK triggers Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty.
The two-year countdown to Brexit begins.
Theresa May waits for the arrival of

European Council President Donald
Tusk during an EU summit in Brussels
on Oct. 20, 2017. (Wijngaert/AP/SIPA)
THE NEW YORK TIMES (US)

STEVEN ERLANGER AND JAMES KANTER
THE U.K. WANTS BREXIT

TRADE TALKS.
THE E.U. WANTS MORE MONEY.
Brussels vs Britain: the Brexit battle continues
There are less than eighteen months left before the final Brexit leaving date at the end of March 2019. Yet discussion between
the United Kingdom and the European Union are at a standstill. Each side is blaming the other for the lack of progress. According
to the New York Times, it is the invoice for the divorce that has blocked negotiations.
B RUSSELS — Last month, Prime Min-

ister Theresa May of Britain came to
Brussels to urge faster movement on Brexit talks.
She was politely heard, and was told to go away
their own deliberations on the next stage of the
talks, which will concern Britain’s trading re-
lationship with the bloc after it ceases to be a
member in 2019, even before the money issue
partner. A constant drumbeat of negative news
serves only to further undermine her, which
they see as counterproductive. But that slight
change in emphasis was mostly a matter of
and come up with more money before the rest is settled. atmosphere. For real progress to be made, the
of the European Union would agree to negotiate other 27 members of the European Union must
the elements of a post-divorce relationship. 3.With negotiations stalled on this critical first determine that “sufficient progress” has
matter, and with reports of deep fissures in been made on the divorce
2. All this had been expected for weeks. But the Mrs. May’s cabinet, European Union leaders
other leaders did throw a lifeline of sorts to the have grown increasingly concerned about the 4.The next judgment will come at a European
beleaguered Mrs. May by agreeing to begin prime minister’s reliability as a negotiating Council meeting in mid-December, and the
second stage might then get underway, but only
stage here phase / bloc here, European Union / to settle if Britain comes up with more cash and a
to resolve.
1. to urge to exhort, call for (to urge faster movement 3. to be stalled to be at an impasse / reports of...
on to plead for an acceleration of). information indicating / fissure division, disagreement /
2. to throw, threw, thrown a lifeline to to come to the cabinet committee of senior ministers, the government / drumbeat here, series, daily reports / to undermine to
rescue of / of sorts in a way / beleaguered here, having reliability dependability, ability to be trusted or relied on weaken / emphasis focus, priority.
difficulties/problems, criticised / to do sth correctly / 4. to get, got, got underway to start, commence /
6 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 À facile A2-B1 / ÀÀ moyen B2-C1 / ÀÀÀ difficile C1-C2
June 8 : The Conservatives lose their September 22: May calls for a two-year
parliamentary majority in a snap general transition period after March 2019. 2019
election. 2018 March 29: Brexit Day - the UK is out of the
June 19: Negotiations begin between the UK October: According to EU's top negotiator EU. Any extension of the deadline would need
and the EU. Michel Barnier, there must be a Brexit deal to be agreed unanimously.
by October 2018.
clearer commitment to clearing up financial leave, and they have voters of their own. Brex-
obligations stretching into the future — things it is significant — it disrupts trade with a major SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
like pension payments and regional projects economy, and means the bloc loses a nuclear
already approved. power — but for them it is marginal in shaping On peut utiliser le mot
Europe’s future beside issues like relations with bureau en anglais,
5.Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany ex- Turkey, migration, Greek debt, collective de- mais uniquement
pressed confidence that there would be a deal fense, border controls and the digital market,
to move ahead in December. But the constraints to name the most pressing.
pour désigner :
Mrs. May faces at home make meeting that - en Angleterre, un meuble (style
secrétaire) avec tiroirs et table à
deadline no sure thing. 10.“I am ambitious and positive for Britain’s
écrire avec panneau rabattable
future and these negotiations,” Mrs. May said.
- aux Etats Unis, un meuble avec
MORE MONEY “But I know we still have some way to go.”
tiroirs (style commode)
6.Mrs. May made much of her speech in Flor- Mrs. May reportedly suggested to her col-
- une institution telle que the
ence in September, where she pledged at least leagues that Britain was prepared to pay an-
Intelligence Bureau, Bureau of
20 billion euros to cover Britain’s budget contri- other €20 billion or so, which is leading to Investigation, Census Bureau
butions for 2019 and 2020, while promising in more optimism about December, even if the
Sinon, on traduit le mot bureau par :
vague terms to “honor commitments we have European Commission estimates that Britain desk s’il s’agit du meuble sur lequel
made during the period of our membership.” owes around €60 billion, not €40 billion. on travaille (cf. § 7)
office s’il s’agit d’une pièce dans une
7.But as a senior diplomat of a country friend- TIME IS RUNNING OUT entreprise
ly to Britain put it: The European Union “won’t 11.For her part, Ms. Merkel said that she was study s’il s’agit d’une pièce dans une
move an inch” until Britain gets serious about optimistic that the December summit would maison
the financial part of the settlement in talks allow the talks to proceed to the second phase,
with the bloc’s negotiator, Michel Barnier. How and said that the European Union also had
payments are made and over what period of work to do to reach consensus on guidelines stage one,” another tepid response to Britain’s
time can be discussed, the diplomat said. But for that stage. desire to expand the scope of the talks.
“there’s only one desk” on which a clear British
proposal must be placed, “and that is in Mr. 12.But time is an issue. Britain is out by March 14.The president of the European Council,
Barnier’s office.” 29, 2019, and there is a general understanding Donald Tusk, put a warmer spin on the situa-
that a deal must be done by the end of October tion, saying that he thought reports of “dead-
8. According to British officials, Mrs. May next year in order to give the European Parlia- lock” had been exaggerated, another indication
implored the other leaders for “a new dynamic” ment and the 28 member states — including of anxiety about Mrs. May’s future at home.
in the talks and cooperation “to get to an out- Britain — time to ratify it. Jean-Claude Juncker, the president of the Euro-
come that we can stand behind and defend to pean Commission, was more acidic, saying that
our people” — in other words, the British voters. 13.In her concluding news conference, Ms. “no one had explained to the British” what
Merkel said that “we’ve been quite clear that Brexit really means, and that he favored the
9.But in general the other leaders consider all insufficient progress has been made in terms word “deadlock.”
that to be Britain’s problem, since it chose to of financial commitments.” She said that the
idea of a two-year transition period after 2019, 15.The traditionally blunt Lithuanian president,
while a full trade agreement might be negoti- Dalia Grybauskaite, said that Mrs. May’s din-
ated, “is an interesting idea, but we’re still in ner speech appeared to be made up of extracts
from the one she had made in Florence, and
commitment agreement, promise (here financial) / to that it was now time to move “from words to
clear up here, to meet, honour / stretching into the real deeds.” O
future here, in the years to come.
5. confidence assurance, belief / to move ahead to 9. significant important, here, with heavy consequences
advance, progress / constraint restriction, limit, difficulty / to disrupt to disturb, destabilise / to shape to
/ deadline time limit, final date. determine, influence / beside with regard to / border
6. to make, made, made much of to emphasise the control control over frontiers / digital market market in
importance of / to pledge to commit, engage (to pay) / electronics, computing etc / pressing urgent. 13. tepid lukewarm, not very enthusiastic / scope
membership belonging to, being a member of. 10. positive here, optimistic / we still have some way breadth, range.
7. senior high-ranking, top level / to put, put, put it to to go we have more work to do / reportedly according to 14. to put, put, put a warmer spin on to offer a more
express sth / to move an inch to concede on any aspect / certain sources. positive interpretation of / deadlock impasse / acidic
settlement agreement, accord, deal / desk work table. 11. to run, ran, run out to come to an end / to proceed to here, sharp, harsh / to favor (US) = to favour (GB) to
8. outcome result / to stand, stood, stood behind to begin, to start / guideline directive. prefer.
here, to defend. 12. to be out here, not to be a member of the E.U. any more. 15. blunt direct, frank / deed act, action.

À la une I Economie I ROYAUME-UNI I ÀÀ B2-C1
Did you know?
According to a recent poll, 52 per cent of British people now believe
the UK should stay in the EU, while 48 per cent support leaving.
(source: BMG poll involving 1,400 individuals surveyed between 12-15 September)
THE GUARDIAN
JILL TREANOR
LEAVING "THE CITY"

Brexit: banks and other financial institutions are
deciding if (when) to leave "the City" (financial district of London)
As negotiations for Brexit continue to stagnate, businesses in the financial district of
London are becoming more concerned and signalling their alarm: if no agreement is
reached soon, the ‘City’ will lose its access to the European Banking market. Faced with
this uncertainty, some banks are preparing to leave London for Frankfurt, Paris or Dublin.
U rgent progress is needed on a

Brexit transition period to prevent
City firms implementing contingency plans
that could put up to 75,000 UK financial
rey tower under construction in Frankfurt,
and was reserving school places in anticipa-
tion of moving staff to the German city.
services sector jobs at risk, a leading industry 3. As it issued its warning about the need for
lobby group has warned. In a plea to nego- a transition deal, TheCityUK cited a report
tiators ahead of a key negotiating meeting, last year from management consultants
TheCityUK also said that the stakes are high Oliver Wyman showing 75,000 jobs and up
for the remaining 27 EU nations, where jobs to £10bn in tax revenue could be lost if the
and inward investment will be at risk if a UK was left to rely on World Trade Organi-
two-year transition period sation rules and no transi-
cannot be agreed quickly. tion period after March
Firms are 2019 when the country
MOVING TO getting ready leaves the EU.
FRANKFURT?
2.The intervention comes as to move 4. Miles
Celic, chief execu-
City firms start to lease of- operations to tive of TheCityUK, said ready to press go on their contingency plans
fice space in Frankfurt,
Paris, Dublin and other EU
avoid the firms are getting ready to
move operations to avoid
in the new year. They can still take their foot
off the accelerator if a transitional deal is
financial centres to conduct impact of a the impact of a hard Brexit, agreed, but without progress soon, it may be
business that they will not hard Brexit. where the UK is left with- too late,” said Celic. “Once businesses start
be able to do from London out a deal for the services moving, there is no reverse gear. It is simply
after Brexit. Earlier this sector. Clarity about a tran- not efficient or economically viable to move
month, it emerged Goldman Sachs had sition will be needed in the first quarter of operations twice.”
booked eight floors in Marienturm, a 37-sto- 2018 at the latest – and significant progress
needed before the end of this year. 6.Celic said there was a risk that the business
that left London would not move to a single
5.“Firms are beyond the planning stage now. alternative location but fragment across a
If they haven’t done so already, most will be number of cities, pushing up costs and even
1. to implement to put into action, apply / contingency
plan plan for an emergency situation / up to here, as
leaving Europe entirely. New York has previ-
many as / at risk in danger / leading principal, eminent, staff employees, personnel.
ously been regarded as a potential beneficiary
top / lobby group pressure group / plea appeal / ahead of Brexit.
of before / TheCityUK private-sector membership body 3. to issue to deliver, pronounce / warning caution / deal
and industry advocacy group promoting the financial agreement / bn = billion (one thousand million) / tax
industry of the UK based in the ‘City’ of London / high revenue fiscal earnings / to rely on to depend on / rule
stakes substantial risks / inward investment foreign code of regulations.
investment. 4. chief executive general director / operation company, to press go on to put the plan into action / reverse gear
2. to lease to rent / office space business premises / to enterprise / hard Brexit arrangement where the UK gives here, going back.
conduct business to do business / it emerged that... it up full access to the EU’s single market to have complete
6. location place, site / to fragment across to divide up
has been understood that... / to book to reserve / floor control over its borders / quarter three-month period.
between / to push up costs to increase costs / to regard
level / storey level / 5. planning stage period of planning / to consider.
Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO
« Hard Brexit » ou « Soft Brexit » ?
La BBC vous explique la différence en vidéo.
Testez votre compréhension sur
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
The "City", London's

financial district. (IStock)
SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
The Bank of England

est la banque centrale
d’Angleterre. cf. § 9
Elle est également connue sous le
nom de The old lady of
Threadneedle street (La vieille dame
de Threadneedle Street),
Threadneedle Street étant le nom de
la rue où elle se situe.
The Mansion House est la résidence
officielle du Lord Mayor of London.
Elle est utilisée pour les réunions
officielles, ainsi que pour le dîner
annuel tenu par le Lord Mayor, et au
cours duquel le Chancellor of the
Exchequer fait généralement un
discours sur l’état de l’économie
britannique.
they inform the Bank of England of their

plans for Brexit, including if there is a hard
exit without any trade deals or access to the
single market.
75,000 JOBS AT RISK 9.Celic’s message echoes that of Bank of 10.TheCityUK said that even if there was
7.“This isn’t just about business leaving the England deputy governor Sam Woods, who an agreement that gave the UK similar
UK. It is about the very high risk of jobs, told financiers in the Mansion House ear- trading opportunities in financial services
capital and inward investment leaving Eu- lier this month that the longer a transition as before Brexit, transitional agreements
rope entirely. The resulting fragmented deal took to agree the less useful it would needed to be urgently clarified. “Once
markets will be of benefit to no one, with be in preventing an exodus from the City. contigency plans have been implemented,
costs likely to increase for customers right “If we get to Christmas and the negotiations they are unlikely to be unwound: the ad-
across the continent,” said Celic. have not reached any agreement on this ditional costs of moving business and jobs
topic, diminishing marginal returns will back to the UK would simply be too high,”
8.The research by Oliver Wyman estimated kick in. Firms would start discounting the the lobby group said.
that reliance on WTO rules and no transition likelihood of a transition in the central case
deal could affect between 40% and 50% of of their planning,” Woods had said. In April, 11.TheCityUK is calling for a transition
EU-related financial services activity – the Woods wrote to 400 City firms to demand period to cover the period the UK exits
equivalent of up to £20bn in revenue, 35,000 the EU and a new bespoke deal agreed,
jobs and £5bn of annual taxes. That figure and then an implementation period to
rises to 75,000 jobs when the knock-on effect allow firms more time to adapt to their
is taken into account. trading arrangements. O
9. deputy vice- / Mansion House official residence of the
Mayor of London / exodus mass emigration /
diminishing marginal returns economic law that if one
input is increased while other inputs are held fixed, a point
7. right across the continent throughout Europe. will be reached where additions of the input yield
8. research (inv.) study, investigation / WTO World progressively smaller increases / to kick in intervene, 10. trading commercial / to unwind, -wound, -wound
Trade Organization reliance dependence / figure amount, come into action / to discount to reject, to put aside / reversed, cancelled.
estimate / knock-on effect repercussion(s). likelihood probability / demand to ask for, insist on. 11. bespoke made to one’s specifications, personalised.

Société I Voyage I BHOUTAN I ÀÀ B2-C1
Thimphu
Buddhist monks stand atop Buddha Point overlooking
the valley into Thimphu. (Shashank Bengali)
LOS ANGELES TIMES SHASHANK BENGALI
AMERICAN RAP, LOCAL

WHISKEY: WELCOME
TO BHUTAN
Way of life in the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan
It is a tiny kingdom, where few tourists have ventured. Tucked away in the Himalayan mountains, Bhutan has long been one of
the most isolated countries in the world. Television was not even allowed there until 1999! Today, the kingdom is opening up
little by little to the outside world: mobile phones, American rap music, and social networks... How are its young people dealing
with the culture shock?
T he fresh-faced singer clutched the mic

and looked conspiratorially at his audi-
ence, a few dozen young people several drinks
down. “This next one has some explicit lyrics,”
3. “Yeah, that song is pretty racist,” Jamtsho
would acknowledge later. “But people don’t mind.
They’re young — they just want to have a good
time.”
5. Inside the bar, young women danced in a
corner while smoking cigarettes and bartenders
doled out generous pours of K5, the danger-
ously drinkable local whiskey named for Bhu-
he said. tan’s five kings.
4. It was just after midnight in a bar along the
2. As a cheer went up from the front row, Yount- compact main drag of Thimphu, capital of the A REMOTE KINGDOM
en Jamtsho, 20, and his five-man band, Yellow Himalayan kingdom of Bhutan. Almost every 6. After a couple of glasses — and with Jamtsho
Pencils, launched into a jaunty pop rendition of other establishment had long since closed. In the belting out hits by Bruno Mars and Coldplay
“Crazy Rap” by the American artist Afroman. chilly darkness, the howls of stray dogs echoed — it was possible to forget this was once among
off the steep hills ringing the city. the most isolated countries in the world, one that
didn’t even get television until 1999.
1. fresh-faced young / to clutch to grip, hold firmly / mic =
microphone / conspiratorially sounding like a conspirator,
in a way that suggests a plot or secret / audience viewers,
spectators / dozen twelve / several drinks down having 3. pretty fairly, quite / to acknowledge to admit, 5. bartender person serving behind a bar / to dole out to
already had several glasses (of an alcoholic drink). recognise / to mind to be bothered by, be upset by. serve, distribute / pour glass, serving, shot.
2. cheer applause, hooray, expression of approval / to go, 4. drag (US) street / almost nearly, just about / chilly 6. remote far, isolated, distant / a couple of two, here,
went, gone up to happen, occur, emanate / front here, first / cold / darkness dark, obscurity / howl plaintiff cry / stray several / to belt out to sing very loudly / once at one time,
row line (of seats) / to launch into to start / jaunty having dog homeless dog / steep sheer, abrupt / hill small in the past / to be among(st) to be one of, an example of
an airy or sprightly manner / rendition interpretation. mountain / to ring, rang, rung to encircle. / even here, actually.
Téléchargez l’appli Vocable offerte à nos abonnés ! www.vocable.fr/applimobile
7. Bhutan was never going to be an early adopter. number those selling traditional Bhutanese 17. At Renew, a women’s rights organization,
It is a small and remote place — a little more than wear. Cafes advertise Italian espresso and free community outreach officer Meenakshi Rai said
twice the size of Los Angeles and Orange coun- Wi-Fi. many young Bhutanese were flocking to Thim-
ties combined, perched at the eastern edge of the phu in search of scarce jobs. Most of the com-
world’s highest mountain range. The Buddhist 13. Much of the income derives from tourism, plaints her organization receives concerned
constitutional monarchy, however, is steadily and Bhutan has retained its reputation as a domestic violence and sexual abuse, often stem-
moving into the modern era, even as its 800,000 quiet Shangri-La in part by charging foreign ming from high rates of alcohol use. “Everything
people struggle with how much of it to embrace. visitors a daily fee of up to $250 in the high is happening fast for us,” she said.
season. Bhutan wanted to avoid the fate of
8. “Our generation has been exposed to the neighboring Nepal, another popular Himalayan 18. But modernity had brought positive changes,
world,” Jamtsho said the next destination, where droves of she said. In the recent past, especially in the east-
afternoon on the patio of a Western backpackers fill up ern hinterlands, Bhutanese men observed a local
coffee shop, sipping tea with cheap hostels and live on noo- custom known as bomena, in which they would
honey before another gig. “It’s “Our dles for weeks at a time. scale the walls of houses in the middle of the night
a part of development — you and climb through windows in search of women.
have to move with time.” generation has 14. Bhutan is by some lengths
9. Sometimes, the Yellow Pen-

been exposed the most relaxed place in
South Asia, a region known
19. A traditional courtship ritual, bomena some-
times allowed men to force themselves on
cils swap out the electric gui- to the world” for pell-mell cities and toxic women, leading to cases of rape, Rai said. But
tar for the dramyin, a long- pollution. cellphones now reach into the mountains, al-
necked lute used in Bhutanese lowing young men and women to chat and ar-
folk songs, to achieve a more 15. Indian drivers ignore traf- range dates on social media, eliminating the
bluesy sound. Those are the band’s only nods to fic lights; Bhutan, with a fraction of the popula- need for surprise late-night visits. “This is the
tradition in a country that holds tightly to its tion, has decided it doesn’t even need them. One key to our society: taking the good traditions
heritage. traffic signal installed in Thimphu several years and forgetting the harmful ones,” Rai said. “This
ago was promptly taken down. In the middle of is part of gross national happiness.” O
10. Thimphu can sometimes feel like an open-air the city’s main intersection, a white-gloved police
museum, with its rows of low-slung buildings officer directs lines of slow-moving cars with
topped with gently sloping roofs in the local an almost hypnotic series of waves. There are 17. community outreach initiative in the local
community to improve the quality of life and prospects /
style, and sidewalks filled with men clad in the no accidents. to flock to to go to in large numbers / scarce rare,
knee-length robe known as the gho and women insufficient in number / complaint here call expressing
in the kira, a slim-fitting, ankle-length dress. GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS concern / to stem from to arise from, result from / rate
percentage, proportion / to happen here, to evolve.
16. But many wonder how long Bhutan can re-
18. especially particularly / hinterland remote
11. Those outfits are required in government tain its worry-free reputation and adherence to countryside / custom tradition, habit, practice / to scale
offices and in most businesses and schools. “gross national happiness” — the country’s to climb up, ascend / to climb to pass through, enter.
Western clothing is seen as decidedly casual. guiding philosophy, introduced by the current 19. courtship the art or period of courting, wooing
monarch’s father, that environmental preserva- someone / to force oneself on to force a woman to have
sex / rape crime of forcing sb to have sex / to reach into
12. But along the narrow sidewalks in the center tion and equitable growth should take prece- to have access, coverage in / to arrange to organise / date
of Thimphu, Western-style apparel stores out- dence over material wealth. romantic meeting / harmful damaging.
to outnumber to be greater in number than, to exceed /

7. county administrative division of a state in the US / edge wear clothes / to advertise to publicise, promote.
outer limit, side / mountain range series of connected SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
mountains / steadily progressively / era epoch, period / 13. income revenue / to retain to keep, preserve / to charge
even as while at the same time / to struggle with to have to ask as a price / foreign from another country, international
difficulties with / to embrace to adopt. / fee price, tariff / to avoid to prevent, protect from / fate Le saviez-vous ?
destiny / neighboring (US)= neighbouring (GB) adjacent,
8. to sip to drink (slowly) / honey sweet yellowish nearby / droves of hordes of, large numbers of / backpacker
Wear peut être un verbe ou un nom :
substance made by bees / gig concert. world traveller with a rucksack and very often with a small - to wear (porter), exemple : She’s
9. to swap (out) to exchange / neck part of an budget / cheap inexpensive / hostel communal wearing a beautiful hat.
instrument that projects from the main body and is the accommodation, auberge / noodle thin, long strip of pasta or Synonymes : to be dressed in, to be
base of the fingerboard / to achieve to obtain / nod a similar flour or rice paste, eaten with a sauce or in a soup / at clad in, to be wearing
reference to / tightly closely. a time consecutively, here, in one trip, stay. - wear (vêtements) (cf. § 12),
10. open-air outdoor, outside / low-slung low-rise, not 14. by some lengths far and away, by a great distance / exemples : menswear, sportswear
many levels / to top here to be covered with / gently place area / pell-mell busy, confused, rushed, disorderly. etc...
sloping in a slight incline / roof structure that forms the top 15. traffic lights traffic signals / promptly immediately, Synonymes : clothing, apparel,
of a building / sidewalk = pavement (GB) raised surface at simply / to take, took, taken down to remove / glove outfits, garments.
the side of a road where pedestrians walk / to be clad in to be garment worn on the hand / wave movement of the hand.
dressed in/ wearing / robe traditional loose fitting robe tied at Notez les expressions suivantes :
the waist with a cloth belt / slim-fitting tight fitting, body 16. gross national happiness overall happiness of to get dressed up bien s’habiller
shaped / ankle-length maxi length, covering the ankles. residents / to wonder to ask oneself, question / worry-free to dress up se déguiser
without concerns, free of anxiety / current present, here in
11. outfit a set of clothes / to see, saw, seen to perceive, power / preservation protection / growth development / to dress up to the nines se mettre sur
consider / decidedly definitely / casual informal. to take, took, taken precedence over to be more son 31.
12. narrow limited in space, not wide / apparel clothing / important than / wealth prosperity.
VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 11

Société I Tendance I ÀÀ B2-C1
THE GUARDIAN ALICE FISHER
WHY ARE UNICORNS

SO POPULAR?
The magic of unicorns (unicorn mythical white horse with a horn at the centre of its forehead)
Unicorns have taken over these days, on Instagram, in fashion, in films, decorating beach toys… with its spangly white coat, and
rainbow mane, it is impossible to avoid the most kitsch fantasy animal ever. Why is it such a powerful symbol and the subject of
so much fascination? One journalist has conducted a study into this mysterious invasion.
T he unicorn started as a fierce creature

found in the furthest corners of the
known world. It had the head of a stag, the feet
of an elephant and the tail of a boar. So how did
one end up on my daughter Robin’s fourth
birthday cake – all pink and covered in glitter?
2.I didn’t realise then how much time I’d spend

looking at unicorns over the coming years. If
you have a girl under 18 in your family, you’ll
know what I mean. Robin is six now and her
room’s a paddock of mystical one-horned beasts.
There are cuddly toys, fluffy earmuffs, neck-
laces, glittery stickers, emoji cushions, sparkly
pencil cases. TV and films are also overrun by
1. fierce ferocious / stag male deer / tail elongated posterior

part of some animals / boar wild pig / to end up to find
oneself / daughter female child / glitter sparkly decoration.
2. then at that time / to spend, spent, spent to pass (time)
/ over in the course of, during / to mean, meant, meant to
want to say / horn hard bone-like protuberance on the head
of some animals / beast wild animal, creature / cuddly toy
soft toy (to cuddle to affectionately hold in one’s arms) /
fluffy soft / earmuffs headband with ear coverings to
protect the ears against the cold / cushion pillow / sparkly
glittery / pencil case case with a zip for holding pencils and
pens at school / to overrun, overran, overrun to invade /
Pourquoi appelle-t-on
les peluches des
“cuddly toys” ? (cf. § 2)
“Cuddly” décrit quelque chose qui
est doux à caresser ou à prendre
dans ses bras.
Comparez les expressions “to
cuddle someone” or “to give
(iStock)
someone a cuddle” (faire un câlin).
unicorns. The My Little Pony franchise had been from there they have been incorporated into of faith in life to bond with a magical creature,
through various makeovers since it launched in Western art and culture.” is alluring. And it feels especially important now.
1982, but the current incarnation – My Little Pony: Each era we create or revive myths to help make
Friendship is Magic – made 6.The creature had an interest- sense of the world. In recent times there have
more than $1bn in 2015. My ing time in the 16th and 17th been vogues for aliens, zombies and vampires.
Little Pony: The Movie came century, says natural history But in a time of Trump and Brexit and terror,
out last month. The writer Natalie Lawrence. “There we’ve aligned ourselves with the unicorn – a
main star is Pegasus/ was a raging trade in powder symbol of hope and purity and strangeness.
unicorn cross Princess and tableware made of unicorn
(iStock)
Twilight Sparkle. horn because it was seen as an 9.Robin obviously doesn’t understand the
antidote to poison. It was impact of Trump but she realises the impor-
3.Topshop has unicorn also seen as an aphro- tance of believing that things will get better
headbands, pyjamas and disiac. The horns were and the positive power of imagination. Robin
nail polish. Asos’s top actually narwhal horns is ill. She’s often in hospital hooked up to canu-
sellers are unicorn or elephant tusks, but las, drips and oxygen. When she is, the best
slippers. At H&M you this gave them their way to distract her is films and books. This
can buy a T-shirt for reputation of being elusive: sense of magic, a belief that the extraordinary
the Unicorn Fan Club. Aisling McKeefry, head things you could never quite see and never catch.” can happen in bad times is important to her
of womenswear design at Asos, says that social and it’s important to us all.
media is a huge factor in the spread of this THE RAINBOW FLAG
mythical beast. “I think Instagram is the biggest 7.The unicorn has also done its bit for the LGBT 10.It’s a shame that modern unicorns are so
contributor – like avocado in the food world, community in the last century. The rainbow sparkly and pink, but these qualities aren’t
unicorns are perhaps the most ‘Instagrammable’ flag was created by American artist Gilbert inherently bad. Just like princesses and
of all creatures.” With #unicorn at 7m posts and Baker in 1978 as a joyous symbol of the diver- make-up and kitchens they’re great things
counting, she’s not wrong. sity of the gay community. It became prom- when enjoyed in moderation. And these
inent during the gay rights protests of the qualities don’t define the unicorn either.
RARE AND MAGICAL 1970s and 1980s. Rainbows and unicorns As Juliette Wood says, it’s a complicated
4.The values of a unicorn – as rare and magical are so intrinsically linked (the association beast. “It can represent sacred and ro-
– have seen the word used in various connota- is a Victorian invention) that the magic mantic love, it looks gentle but it’s fierce,
tions. Now a unicorn can be a start-up business creature started to appear on T-shirts and yet the horn protects against poison. I
valued at more than $1bn. A unicorn is also an banners at Gay Pride around the world, think the unicorn has endured in cul-
elusive or unobtainable woman – or a bisexual with slogans such as “Gender is Im- ture because it’s just too lovely and
woman depending on your source. aginary” or “Totally Straight”. rare to abandon, isn’t it?” She’s right.
There aren’t many creatures that
5.“The unicorn has been popular at various 8.One of the unicorn’s first appear- have been a representation of
points for at least 3,000 years,” says Dr Miles ances in fantasy literature was in Christ, a panacea, a gay rights cam-
(iStock)
Leeson, director of the Iris Murdoch Research Lewis Carroll’s Through The Looking- paigner and a fashion accessory. By
Centre. “They were considered as real in the Glass. “Well, now that we have seen each picking it as the creature that represents
ancient world by the Greeks... The Old Testament other,” said the unicorn, “if you’ll believe our messed-up age, we’ve actually got
contains possible mentions of unicorns, and in me, I’ll believe in you.” That idea of something right. O
openness to ideas, that you have to make a leap
to go, went, gone through to do, to carry out, to to bond with to form a close relationship with / alluring
experience / makeover image transformation / to launch attractive / especially particularly, even more / era period
to start / current present / My Little Pony: Friendship is Western relating to regions of the world of the West (the of time / to revive to bring back to life / to make, made,
Magic My Little Pony: Les amies, c’est magique / bn = USA, Canada and Europe). made sense of to understand / vogue trend, popularity /
billion (one thousand million) / Pegasus mythological 6. raging very active, hostile and fierce / trade exchange / time period / to align oneself with to form an alliance
winged horse / cross combination / twilight evening, powder fine particles of a substance / tableware articles with, to share the same values as / strangeness
sunset. for use at the table during a meal / to see, saw, seen to singularity, different to the norm.
3. Topshop British multinational fashion store / consider / actually in fact / narwhal Arctic whale with a 9. obviously clearly / to get, got, got better to improve
headband hair accessory worn on the head / nail polish long, sharp «tusk» projection coming out of the head / tusk / ill sick / to be hooked up to to be connected to / canula
coloured varnish for fingernails/toenails / Asos online long projecting tooth extending from the mouth of some tube / drip intravenous administration of a therapeutic
British fashion and beauty store for young adults / top animals (elephants) / quite completely / to catch, caught, solution / way method / sense feeling / to happen to
seller best seller / slipper comfortable shoe worn inside caught to obtain. take place, to occur.
the home / womenswear clothing for women / huge 7. rainbow flag multicoloured flag which represents Gay 10. it’s a shame it’s a pity / just like similar to / make-up
enormous, massive / spread development in popularity / pride / to do, did, done one’s bit to contribute to / LGBT = cosmetics / either also, here, in any case / to look to seem
post message, upload of a photo onto social media / and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender / prominent well-known / gentle kind, docile / yet moreover / to endure to
counting and the number is still increasing / to be wrong / to be linked to be connected / banner long flag / around continue to exist, to survive / to be right to be correct /
to be mistaken/incorrect. all over / such as like... / gender sex (identity as either male panacea remedy for all diseases / to pick to choose /
4. connotation meaning / elusive very attractive and or female) / straight heterosexual. messed-up disarrayed, confused / age era / to get, got,
perfect (and so difficult to «catch»/obtain) / depending 8. Through The Looking-Glass De l’autre côté du miroir / got sth right to do sth correctly.
on according to. openness readiness to be open to sth / leap of faith act
5. point moment, time / at least a minimum of / of believing in sth which cannot be proved /

Enjeux I Politique I CANADA I ÀÀ B2-C1
Jagmeet Singh celebrates with his supporters after winning the NDP leadership (Toronto, Oct. 1, 2017)
THE ECONOMIST
MEET JAGMEET
Jagmeet Singh, a new face in Canadian politics
Shimmering turbans, imposing beard and trendy clothes, Jagmeet Singh, is the latest politician to represent the left in Canada.
At 38 this young and charismatic Sikh has just been elected to lead one of the largest Canadian political parties, the NDP. Could
he pose a threat to Justin Trudeau in 2019?
J agmeet Singh could have done many

things when a heckler accused him at a
rally of plotting to subject Canada to sharia law.
the first member of a “visible minority” to lead
a party at federal level. Canada’s Liberal prime
minister, Justin Trudeau, congratulated his new
A HIPSTER SIKH
4. His background could help. A “hipster Sikh”,
with a penchant for striking turbans, Mr Singh
The turbaned politician could have pointed out rival on his “barrier-breaking win”. embodies the diversity that Mr Trudeau con-
that he is a Sikh, not a Muslim. He could have stantly celebrates. Like the prime minister, he
skewered her with lawyerly wit (he is a criminal 3. Mr Singh faces a difficult task. The NDP lost is adept at social media and single-combat
lawyer) or asked security guards to remove her. the election in 2015 in humiliating fashion after sports. (He practises Brazilian ju-jitsu; Mr
Instead he told the heckler that everyone loved throwing away an early lead in the opinion polls. Trudeau is a boxer.)
her and led a chant of “Love and courage”. She Although it was the main opposition party before
eventually walked out. that vote, it has fallen to third in the House of 5. Sikhs have made more headway in politics
Commons, with just 44 of the 338 seats. The than most minority groups. Mr Trudeau’s cabi-
2. A video of the encounter went viral and helped Conservatives, now the official opposition, have net includes four. Erin Tolley, a scholar at the
Mr Singh, a member of the Ontario legislature, more than twice as many. Mr Singh must pull University of Toronto, offers several explana-
win the leadership of Canada’s left-leaning New his party back from the brink of irrelevance. tions for that. Sikhism emphasises the value of
Democratic Party (NDP) on October 1st. He is public service. Sikhs have a tradition, born in
India, of mobilising to defend their rights. Most
1. heckler troublemaker in an audience who contests what a to congratulate to felicitate / barrier-breaking here,
public speaker is saying / rally large political meeting, unprecedented.
gathering / to plot to conspire / to subject to force / 3. fashion way, manner / to throw, threw, thrown 4. hipster bohemian person who likes new fashions /
turbaned wearing a turban / to point out to remark / to away to waste / early lead an advance early in the background social origins, personal history / striking
skewer here, to humiliate / lawyerly characteristic of a legal campaign / opinion poll study of public opinion / to fall, noticeable, attracting attention, vivid / to embody to
representative / wit clever humour / chant slogan spoken or fell, fallen to third to be downgraded to third place / incarnate, personify / to be adept at to be good at, excel at.
sung in a repetitious, rhythmic manner / eventually finally. House of Commons elected chamber in the Canadian 5. to make, made, made headway to make progress,
2. to go, went, gone viral to spread very quickly thanks Parliament / Mr Singh must pull his party back from advance / cabinet committee of senior ministers, the
to the internet and social media / legislature legislative the brink of irrelevance Mr Singh needs to rejuvenate his government / scholar academic, university professor / to
body / left-leaning left-wing / party so that it does not become insignificant. emphasise to insist upon, treat as important /
SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO NIVEAU BASIQUE DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE
Jagmeet Singh défend son droit Listen to the Prime Minister Justin Trudeau speaking before
à porter le turban.
Découvrez la vidéo et testez members of the UN about the rights of an almost invisible
votre compréhension sur minority in Canada: the indigenous peoples.
www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais CD audio ou téléchargement MP3
Sikhs come from well-educated immigrant 7. Mr Singh hopes to win over Canadians with
families. There are currently 17 Sikh MPs. a political programme that includes reducing SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
inequality, improving pay and working condi-
6. Yet Mr Singh’s biography could also hurt him. tions for people in insecure jobs and reforming Canada has a first-
A poll published in April showed that only 38% the first-past-the-post electoral system (a prom- past-the-post electoral
of Canadians have a favourable impression of ise that Mr Trudeau made but then forgot about). system. cf. § 7
Sikhism (33% view Islam favourably). Small but He will begin his quest for power by giving up Autrement dit, c’est celui qui
troubling anti-immigrant rallies have taken his provincial seat and trying to win one in the recueille le plus de voix qui remporte
place over the past year, the latest in Ottawa on House of Commons. The odds that he will one les élections dès le premier tour.
September 30th. Mr Singh’s religion may prove day become prime minister are slim. The NDP L’expression fait référence au terme
utilisé dans les courses de chevaux,
a disadvantage for the NDP in Quebec, which has governed provinces (it holds power in Al- le premier cheval à passer la ligne
elected 16 of the party’s MPs. The French-speak- berta and British Columbia) but never the coun- d’arrivée étant le gagnant.
ing province is hostile to overt religious symbols try. To wrest Mr Trudeau’s job from him at the
like the turban and the kirpan, a dagger worn
by Sikh men. next election in 2019, Mr Singh will have to break
7. to win, won, won over to convince, to gain the trust of
/ insecure here, unguaranteed, without (financial) more than one barrier. O
security / first-past-the-post electoral system
(system of) majority of votes is the winner in one round /
MP = Member of Parliament, political representative. seat position (elected office) / the odds [...] are... the
6. to hurt, hurt, hurt to damage, have a negative effect / probabilities that...(are) / slim small / to wrest to take
overt visible, clear, obvious / dagger small knife. possession of / to break, broke, broken barriers to overcome obstacles.
ORGANISÉ PAR DANS LE CADRE DE

AVEC LE SOUTIEN DES
PARTENAIRE MÉDIA

À 360°
Le tour du monde en V.O.
Une suggestion ? écrivez-nous sur [email protected]
(SIPA)
GENDER FREEDOM
Last month, California’s governor Jerry
Brown signed a bill which recognizes a third
gender option for people who do not identify
as male or female. The law will now allow
Californians to identify as “nonbinary” on
state-issued identity documents, including
driver’s licenses and birth certificates. The
bill’s co-author, Senator Toni Atkins says this
measure “will eliminate unnecessary stress
and anxiety for many Californians, and it
exemplifies the leadership role that our state
continues to take in LGBTQ civil rights.”
(Snohetta)
gender sex (identity as either male or female) /
freedom liberty, choice / to sign a bill to introduce
UNDERWATER and vote in legislation / to recognize to acknowledge,

accept / law legislation / to allow to permit / to issue
to distribute and publish / driver’s license (US)=
Europe is getting its first underwater restaurant. Called Under, it will be built in licence (GB) driving permit.
Norway, on the country’s southern coast, and will have space for 100 diners. De-
signed by architectural firm Snøhetta, known for its work on the 9/11 memorial
museum in New York and the Norwegian National Opera, the restaurant will
stand five meters deep below sea level. "One of the benefits of this building is how
(Ken McKay/ITV/Shutterst/SIPA)
it links nature and land", lead architect Rune Grasdal told CNN. Construction is
due to start next year with an expected opening in 2019.
space room / diner restaurant client, customer / to design to plan out archictecturally / to stand, stood, stood to be
located / deep down / below under / benefit advantage, good effect / to link to connect, associate / lead chief,
principal / to be due to to be scheduled to / expected planned, hoped for.
MEET AZUKI ROBOT CITIZEN

Meet Azuki, the tiny Japanese hedgehog who has Saudi Arabia has become the first country to
captured the hearts and eyes of tens of grant a robot citizenship. Built by the
thousands of fans worldwide. The little spiky American firm, Hanson Robotics, you may
fellow has become the cutest Internet sensation remember Sophia the humanoid from a
thanks to his owner’s adventurous photoshoots, recent Vocable issue. Since then, she has
in which you can see the pygmy hedgehogs been recognized as a Saudi citizen. This took
engaging in various exciting outdoor activities: place during a business event held in the
boarding a canoe, grilling some snacks or testing kingdom’s capital city of Riyadh on 25
(@hedgehog_azuki)
mini camping gear... These adorable images have October. The announcement sparked much
earned Azuki a massive following of over criticism, with many online comments
200,000 fans on Instagram. In Japan, hedgehogs pointing out the fact that the machine has
are beloved animals: a hedgehog-themed cafe more rights than women and migrant
even opened in Tokyo last year! workers in Saudi Arabia.
tiny very small / hedgehog (U.S) porcupine, Erinaceus europeaeus, relatively large rodent with sharp erectile bristles mingled to grant to give, accord / citizenship status of being
with fur / to capture to conquer, win / worldwide all over the world / spiky with sharp points / fellow guy, (adorable) animal, a member of a country, nationality / issue edition / to
creature / cute sweet, adorable / sensation star, celebrity / thanks to due to, because of / owner proprietor / photoshoot take, took, taken place to happen / to hold, held,
photo session / pygmy dwarf, small version / to engage in to take part in, participate in / outdoor outside, in the open air / to held to organise / kingdom realm / to spark to
board to get on, embark / to grill to cook on a barbecue / snack bite to eat, light food / gear equipment / to earn to gain / cause, provoke / netizen internet user / to highlight
following group of fans / over more than / beloved dear, much loved / even as well, here, actually. to draw attention to, remark.

www.vocable.fr
PRATIC’ABLE
Vocabulaire, expressions et astuces pour parler comme un Anglais…
AUGUSTIN HABRAN
À l'infirmerie
Afin d’éviter d’expliquer ce qui vous arrive avec des
gestes, voici quelques mots et expressions qui
devraient vous permettre de décrire vos petits bobos
à l’infirmière…
NIVEAU BASIQUE DE VOTRE SUPPLEMENT SONORE

Une grippe carabinée ? Une jambe cassée ? Etre
malade à l’étranger, c’est toujours un peu
angoissant… Mais pas de panique ! Shelly est là pour
vous donner ses conseils.
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3
(ISTOCK)
Retrouvez cette fiche de vocabulaire lue sur le CD Lecture
Vocabulaire clé Expressions à retenir

advice conseils medicine médicament I really don’t feel well. Je ne me sens vraiment pas bien.
anxiety attack crise migraine migraine I feel dizzy. J’ai la tête qui tourne.
d’angoisse nausea nausée Have you eaten something today? As-tu mangé quelque
asthma asthme nose bleed saignement chose aujourd’hui ?
bite morsure de nez I’ve been feeling really low lately. Je n’ai pas du tout le
bleed saigner numb engourdi, moral ces derniers temps.
bruise contusion insensible He fainted a while ago. Il est tombé dans les pommes il y a
burn, scald brûlure nurse infirmier, infirmière un moment.
child abuse maltraitance nursery infirmerie I fell in the stairs. Je suis tombé dans les escaliers.
sur enfant pain douleur I need some advice. J’ai besoin de conseils.
condom préservatif painkiller calmant, I can’t stop the bleeding. Je n’arrive pas à arrêter le
contraception antalgique saignement.
contraception rash éruption cutanée
It hurts a lot. Ça fait très mal.
cut coupure rest se reposer
Call an ambulance! Appelez une ambulance !
depression dépression shiver trembler
diarrhoea (GB), diarrhea sick malade (type
(US) diarrhée nausée)
Testez-vous
dizzy spell, fainting fit sprain entorse
malaise sting piqûre d’insecte Trouvez l’intrus dans chacune des listes :
dressing pansement stitch point de côté 1) a- rash b- itchy c- red d- cut
emergency urgence stomachache mal de
faint s’évanouir ventre 2) a- dizzy b- bleed c- faint d- spin
graze écorchure swollen enflé 3) a- breakdown b- bullying c- sprain d- suicidal
headache mal de tête the pill la pilule 4) a- scratch b- heart burn c- nausea d- diarrhoea
HIV test test de throw up, vomit vomir 5) a- pill b- contraception advice c- condom d- stitch
dépistage du VIH toothache mal de dent
ill malade (type rhume) wound blessure SOLUTIONS : 1-d ; 2-b ; 3-c ; 4-a ; 5-d.

PRATIC’ABLE / Grammaire
JOAN GREENWOOD
Still, yet, already

Piqûre de rappel 1
1
Still indique que l’action Complétez ces phrases avec still, yet ou already.
est toujours en cours. 1. It’s ………………….. raining. I don’t think we will be able to go for a
picnic.
Yet (négatif ou interrogatif)
2. Have you ………………….. been to Rome or is it your first visit?
indique que l’action n’a pas
3. I haven’t applied for my visa ………………….. I’ll do it tomorrow.
encore eu lieu au moment
4. What time will Pete be arriving? He’s ………………….. here.
où l’on parle.
He’s waiting for you in the lobby.
Already indique que 5. Have you heard from John …………………..? It’s over 3 weeks since
l’action a déjà eu lieu. he left.
6. Are you ………………….. here ? I thought you had ………………….. left.
7. Don’t send those boxes ………………….. . I haven’t finished packing
them.
8. Sally is ………………….. unemployed. She hasn’t found another job
………………….. .
SOLUTIONS : 1.still, 2.already, 3.yet, 4.already 5.yet 6.still/already 7.yet 8. still/yet
Piqûre de rappel 2
2
Yet peut également avoir le Dans ces phrases issues de ce numéro de Vocable, indiquez si
yet a le sens expliqué en Piqûre de rappel 1 ou en Piqûre de
sens de pourtant, rappel 2.
néanmoins, toutefois. (a) Lord, make me free – but not yet. ___________
(b) Yet Mr Singh’s biography could also hurt him. ___________
(c) It’s fierce, yet the horn protects against poison. ___________
(d) The band’s as yet untitled 8th album. ___________
(e) Yet some Scottish nationalists are banking on Brexit being
such a disaster. ___________
sur www.vocable.fr
Retrouvez beaucoup plus d'exercices de
grammaire, d'orthographe et de culture
générale sur notre site internet ! SOLUTIONS : (a)1 - (b)2 - (c)2 - (d)1 - (e)2

/ Prononciation & Orthographe Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
JOAN GREENWOOD
Soignez votre orthographe !

Le saviez-vous ?
“Into the limelight” (article Two Decades of Placebo)
1
Dans ce texte il manque 23 majuscules.
En 1823, Goldsworthy Gurney démontre la possibilité Sauriez-vous les placer au bon endroit ?
de produire de la lumière (light) en exposant un
I remember the opening ceremony of the 2012
cylindre de chaux (lime) à la flamme d’un mélange
oxygène-hydrogène. On appelle cela la lumière
olympic games in london. It was on friday 27 july. I
oxhydrique. Cette source lumineuse fut ensuite watched it on tv with my friends harry and betty. mr
utilisée par un officier de la marine britannique Bean was really funny playing a tune with the london
Thomas Drummond pour produire une lumière vive symphony orchestra directed by sir simon rattle. It
lors d’une mission topographique, puis dans les
was the soundtrack of the film chariots of fire. If you
théâtres et autres lieux de spectacle à partir des
années 1830. Aujourd’hui, l’expression to be in the haven’t already seen it, check it out on youtube! It’s
limelight signifie être sous les feux de la rampe ! hilarious.
YouTube.
Betty, Mr Bean, London Symphony Orchestra, Sir Simon Rattle, Chariots of Fire,
SOLUTIONS : Opening Ceremony, Olympic Games, London, Friday, July, TV, Harry,
Le dessin d'Yves Cotten
2
Tendez l’oreille
Trouvez l’intrus.
1. bread steak send spread
said head
2. honey lover hope sun come
rough
3. know rose coat lose low
Retrouvez Yves Cotten sur et-compagnie.blogspot.fr
dough
4. allow proud sound clown
show mouse
5. were work shirt hurt wore
journal
6. shoe cool chew cruise route
true
6.cool
SOLUTIONS : 1.steak 2.hope 3.lose 4.show 5.wore
sur www.vocable.fr
générale sur notre site internet !

PRATIC’ABLE / Vocabulaire www.vocable.fr
Jeux de mots
Feelings and emotions
A retenir
1 Dans ces mots croisés, indiquez la traduction des mots 5 mots à mémoriser
ci-dessous Tous proviennent de l’article “Two decades of dans ce numéro
Placebo”.
1 to hold in contempt
2
mépriser
to goad
6 3
aiguillonner, piquer
7
4 to be in the limelight
8 5 être sous les feux des
projecteurs
9 to expect
s’attendre à
1. éloges
to hope
2. trop sûr de soi 10
espérer
3. fier
4. joie E G D E N O 11 11
5. mépris I
6. détester E S A E T A 10
7. pudibond
D
S E E
L'expression idiomatique
8. mépris F E I L E B S I D 9 R
9. incrédulité D L U U Voici deux expressions, tirées

10. à l’aise (2 mots)
5 G N R O C S 8 E
4 R K S de l’article “Two decades of
11. tendu (2 mots) H S I D U R P
3
7
R
C
O H B
I
A 6
Placebo”, pour dire que l’on
C R n’est pas tout à fait à l’aise :
2 P
1
SOLUTIONS :
to stick out like a sore
thumb, faire tache [thumb =
pouce, sore = enflammé]
2 like a square peg in a round
A l’aide des mots ci-dessous, complétez ces expressions et
traduisez-les. hole, ne pas être dans son
Beetroot - Bark/bite - Horse - Hair - Deep élément [square peg = une
1. to get on one’s high ......................... _______________________ cheville carrée, round hole =
2. to go off at the ......................... end _______________________ un trou rond]
3. his ........................ was worse than his ........................ _______________________
4. to go as red as a ........................ _______________________
5. he didn’t turn a ........................ _______________________
sur www.vocable.fr
3. bark / bite – il fait plus de bruit que de mal 4. beetroot – rouge comme une tomate 5. hair – il n’a pas bronché
SOLUTIONS : 1. horse – monter sur ses grands chevaux 2. deep – se mettre dans tous ses états générale sur notre site internet !
Ne manquez pas dans le prochain numéro la nouvelle page PRATIC’ABLE : Le vocabulaire des « séries »

Enjeux I Politique I ECOSSE I ÀÀ B2-C1
(Andrew MacColl/Shutters/SIPA )
THE ECONOMIST
LORD, MAKE ME FREE -

BUT NOT YET
"Yes" to second independence referendum... just not right now
On 23 June, 2016, Scots voted by a massive majority to remain in the European Union in the referendum. The vote in favour of
Brexit overall left the Scottish National Party (SNP) hoping for a new attempt at independence. But, faced with a public with
little enthusiasm for another referendum and votes down from the recent general election in June this year, the SNP is obliged
to put its dream of a separate country on hold…for the moment.
W hat kind of country do we

want to be?” asked Nicola
Sturgeon, Scotland’s first minister and the
leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP),
2. The shout was a painful reminder that
the party’s ultimate aim of independence
is some way off. After an aborted push for
a second referendum earlier this year (the
that, details are thin. The newfound reti-
cence is simple: 52% of Scots oppose hold-
ing an independence referendum within
the next five years, according to polls by
in her closing speech at the SNP’s annual first such plebiscite was lost by 45% to 55% YouGov. But not many of this number were
conference in Glasgow last month. A heck- in 2014), Scotland’s nationalist party now in Glasgow. Any mention of a second vote
ler provided an answer: “An independent hesitates on the topic. Independence will on independence was met with wild en-
one!” The crowd cheered. But Ms Sturgeon come “as soon as we can”, said Angus Rob- thusiasm by SNP supporters that belied
winced. ertson, the SNP’s deputy leader. Beyond the project’s indefinite timeline. >>>
1. kind sort / heckler troublemaker in an audience who 2. shout loud cry / painful causing physical/emotional thin limited, minimal / newfound new / Scot person
contests what a public speaker is saying / to provide to suffering, here, difficult / reminder sth that makes one from Scotland / to hold, held, held to organise / within
give, to offer / to cheer to applaud, to shout out words of remember sth / aim goal / some way off not in the near in / according to as stated/reported by... / poll survey,
approval / to wince to move one’s face slightly with future, a long distance away / to abort to terminate / study of public opinion / to meet, met, met to receive /
sudden pain/distress/discomfort. push campaign / such ...of this kind / plebiscite wild exuberant / to belie to give a false impression of sth,
referendum / deputy vice- / beyond apart from / to conceal / timeline timetable, calendar.

Enjeux I Politique I ECOSSE I ÀÀ B2-C1 Une suggestion ? Ecrivez-nous sur [email protected]
Edinburgh
Scotland's population: 5.4 million Status: semi-autonomous part of the UK
Area: 77,933 km² First Minister: Nicola Sturgeon (SNP)
Languages: English, Scots, Gaelic Emblem: the thistle
>>> CATALAN FLAGS pollster. Voters would have less money in remain in the EU, in line with the vote of
3. Their zeal clashed with a leadership their pockets and not much in the way of 62% of Scots last year, has been full-throat-
desperate to use the three-day gathering higher public spending to show for it. ed. But that sits uneasily with polls show-
to portray the SNP as a party of governing that about a third of SNP supporters
ment, rather than just independence. Cat- A MORE DISTANT DREAM voted to leave. An independent Scotland
alan-flag-wielding delegates were treated 5. After ten years in power in Scotland, the would face barriers to trade with England,
to a buffet of new policies to compensate SNP’s support is waning. It lost 21 of its 56 its main trading partner, if one country
for the absence of the one they really want. MPs in the general election in June, after were inside the EU and the other outside
Scottish parents will benefit from 30 hours half a million voters deserted the party. Its it. Yet some Scottish nationalists are bank-
of free child-care per week, thanks to an remaining 35 MPs have small majorities: ing on Brexit being such a disaster that
extra £420m (€468m) in funding by 2021. the SNP’s safest seat has a clamour for separation
Bursaries worth £20,000 (€22 284) will be cushion of fewer than grows. Independence, say
handed to those thinking of becoming 7,000 votes, whereas 22 several MSPs, is a “life-
teachers. A publicly-owned energy com- have majorities of under Independence boat” from the soon-to-be-
pany will sell gas and electricity at close 3 , 0 0 0. In June it was is still the aim, shipwrecked Britain. “The
to cost price. Some carers will be exempt squeezed by both the re- strategy as such is simply:
from council tax. “We can do all these surgent Scottish Conserv- but an stay in power, and then
things because we are in government,” atives, who picked up increasingly hope that someone makes
pleaded Ms Sturgeon. As far as the SNP’s much of the unionist vote, some awful screw-up,”
leadership is concerned, the route to inde- and by Labour, which out-
distant one. says Alex Bell, a former
pendence lies through good governance. flanked the SNP on its left. SNP staffer.
Labour’s revival in Eng-
4. This path to freedom will not be easy. land also weakens the SNP’s argument that 8. Independence is still the aim, but an
The above policies are pricey. Ms Sturgeon independence is the only way that Scots increasingly distant one. Ms Sturgeon
has made tentative noises about increasing can avoid being governed by Tories in closed her speech with a plea for patience.
taxes. Despite having the power to do so, Westminster. For now, governing comes first. O
the SNP has been reluctant. Tax rises are
always tricky, but especially so for a party 6. In the Scottish Parliament, where the
in line with in accordance with / full-throated very loud
that has built its success on popular givea- party has 63 out of 129 members, it is on and vocal / to not sit well with to not be accepted well
ways such as free university tuition. Any track to lose seats in 2021. Though it is considering... / uneasily badly / trading partner
increase would probably not come until likely to remain comfortably the largest commercial partner (trade commerce, business) / yet
however / to bank on to count on, to depend on / MSP =
next year. By the time any benefit trickled party, it may lose the narrow parliamen- Member of the Scottish Parliament / lifeboat boat
into the public finances, the Scottish par- tary majority in favour of independence. used for saving people in danger at sea / soon-to-be-
liamentary election of 2021 would be nigh, shipwrecked which is sailing in the direction of imminent
disaster (shipwreck destruction of a ship at sea) / as
points out Mark Diffley, an independent 7.Brexit adds more confusion, providing such here, understood in this way / awful terrible /
the SNP with both a rallying cry and a screw-up mess, failure, mistake / former former, ex /
3. flag piece of cloth with a symbol/design representing a schism. The party’s desire for Scotland to staffer member (of staff).
country/region / zeal ardour, enthusiasm / to clash with to 8. increasingly more and more / plea appeal.
come into conflict with, to be in opposition to / gathering in the way of in terms of / public spending expenditure
large meeting of people, rally / to portray to present / rather by central government and local authorities / to show for
than as opposed to / to wield to brandish / to be treated it as a result of this.
to to be offered sth nice / policy political measure / child
care supervision of children in a crèche / thanks to due to, 5. to wane to decline, to become weaker / MP = Member of
because of / funding financial support / by before / bursary Parliament political representative elected in Parliament /
grant, money given for sb to study / worth with a value of... / general election national election / to remain to stay, to
to hand to give / to own to possess / cost price cost spent continue / safe without danger/risk / seat parliamentary SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
to produce goods before any profit margin is added / council position / cushion pillow, here, safety margin / whereas
tax local tax / to plead to present as an argument / as far while, in contrast / to squeeze here, to be put in a difficult
as... is concerned with regards to... / route path, way / to lie, situation, to put pressure on / both each of two things / Notez le sens différent
lay, lain through... to be based on, to depend on. resurgent renascent / to pick up to obtain / Labour
socialist party in the UK / to outflank to gain an advantage
de yet dans ces deux
4. path route, track / freedom independence / above over sb / revival comeback / to weaken to make less strong phrases :
things mentioned just before / pricey expensive, costly / to / way means, manner / to avoid to prevent / (the) Tories
make, made, made noises about to indirectly speak Lord, make me free - but not yet.
(the) Conservatives / Westminster the British Parliament.
about, to allude to / to increase to augment, to raise / (mais pas encore)
despite in spite of / so that / reluctant hesitant, reticent / 6. to be on track for to be on course to... / though even if
/ likely probable / comfortably without any problems, Yet (cependant) some Scottish
rise increase / tricky difficult / especially particularly /
giveaway free gift / tuition university course / to trickle with a distinct advantage / narrow not wide, thin. nationalists are banking on Brexit
into to filter down in very small quantities / nigh imminent, 7. to provide to give / rallying call cry which incites being a disaster. (cf. § 7)
near in time / to point out to highlight, to explain / people to take action /
Culture I Art I ETATS-UNIS I À A2-B1
Donald Trump in his Trump Tower office. (SIPA)
Two Sisters, Renoir, 1881 (DR)

CHICAGO TRIBUNE KIM JANSSEN
TRUMP’S FAKE RENOIR

From fake news... to a fake Renoir?
Donald Trump is convinced he possesses a painting by Renoir. The problem is that a museum in Chicago can confirm they have
had the original for the last 80 years! It is not an easy task to convince the American president that what he has is only a copy.
C HICAGO — There are two versions

of French impressionist Pierre-
Auguste Renoir’s Two Sisters (On The
Terrace). One has hung in
the authenticity of Trump’s “Renoir” years
ago on the real estate mogul’s private jet,
where it once hung.
4. “I’m sure he’s still telling people who
come into the apartment, ‘It’s an original,
it’s an original,’” O’Brien said on the pod-
cast. “He believes his own lies in a way
the Art Institute of Chi- Even a f ter O’ Br ien
3. that lasts for decades,” O’Brien added.
cago since 1933. The other The Renoir was pointed out that the real “He’ll tell the same stories time and time
is in President Donald Renoir hangs in Chicago, again, regardless of whether or not facts
Trump’s New York apart- gifted to the Trump continued to insist are right in front of his face.”
ment. But one of them is a Art Institute in his was real, telling him,
fake — and the Art Insti- “You know, that’s an orig- 5. Art Institute spokeswoman Amanda Hicks
tute says it isn’t the one in 1933. inal Renoir,” O’Brien said. said the institute is “satisfied that our version
Chicago. And after Trump sold the is real.” The Renoir was gifted to the Art In-
jet, the “Renoir” appar- stitute in 1933 by Annie Swan Coburn, who
2. Trump, apparently, disagrees. Trump ently made its way to Trump Tower in New purchased it for $100,000 from the art dealer
biographer Tim O’Brien — who was raised York, where it was visible in the back- Paul Durand-Ruel, who purchased it from
in Chicago and knew the painting well ground during an interview he gave “60 the artist in 1881, Hicks said. The White
— told Vanity Fair’s “Inside the Hive” pod- Minutes” after his 2016 election victory. House did not respond to questions about
cast that he first challenged Trump over the provenance of Trump’s “Renoir.” O
1. to hang, hanged or hung, hanged or hung here, to be

on display / fake copy, forgery. real estate property / mogul very rich and powerful 4. to last to endure, to continue / time and time again
person, magnate. repeatedly, again and again / regardless irrespective,
2. to raise to bring up / painting picture / Vanity Fair US despite.
popular culture and current affairs magazine / hive home for a 3. to point out to highlight, to draw attention (to the fact
bee colony, also, place where there is much activity / podcast that...) / to make, made, made one’s way (to) to go to a 5. spokeswoman woman who speaks on behalf of an
audio file that can be downloaded from the internet / particular destination / background part of a picture organisation / to be gifted to be donated / art dealer
behind a main object. person who buys and sells works of art.

Culture I Cinéma I ETATS-UNIS I ÀÀ B2-C1
NIVEAU AVANCÉ DU SUPPLÉMENT SONORE SUPPLÉMENT VIDÉO

On the Advanced recording, listen to Irma's insight into Découvrez l'interview de Julianne
deaf culture, and be ready for a surprise or two! Moore et testez votre compréhension
CD audio ou téléchargement MP3 (sur abonnement) sur www.vocable.fr/videos-anglais
USA TODAY PATRICK RYAN
(Metropolitan FilmExport)
WONDESTRUCK
New film by Todd Haynes featuring deaf characters and actors
The film Le Musée des merveilles (in cinemas from 15 November) tells the story of the adventures of Rose
and Ben, two deaf children following a dream that takes them all the way to New York. American director,
Todd Haynes, presents a tale that is moving and nostalgic. Interview with Julianne Moore and the
wonderful Millicent Simmonds, the young actress in the film who is deaf in real life.
J ulianne Moore is one of Hollywood's most

recognizable actresses, thanks in part to
her fiery red hair. But that wasn't always the case
interpreter. "I just went and sat down (in the
makeup room), and my mom was so shocked.
She was like, 'It's Julianne!'
idol, silent-movie actress Lillian Mayhew
(Moore). Moore plays the dual roles of Lillian and
adult Rose, who helps a runaway deaf boy (Oakes
on the set of children's adventure Wonderstruck, Fegley) uncover secrets about his family in 1977.
where her locks were mostly tucked away inside 3.Millicent Simmonds may soon garner simi-
white and gray wigs. larly starstruck reactions after her critically ac- LEARNING SIGN LANGUAGE
claimed film debut in Wonderstruck, which 4."That's hard to resist, getting to play two parts,"
2."I didn't recognize you at first. I was like, 'Who's premiered at Cannes Film Festival in May. In the says Moore, 56, reuniting with Far From Heav-
that lady?' " says Moore's 14-year-old co-star Mil- drama, adapted from Brian Selznick's 2011 book, en director Todd Haynes after three previous
licent Simmonds, who is deaf and signs with an the Utah native plays a deaf girl named Rose, films together. Plus, "the book is pretty extraor-
who runs away to New York in 1927 to find her
1. thanks to due to, because of / fiery flaming, here, silent movie film with no speech or sound recording,
bright / red ginger / set here, place where a film is made / makeup cosmetics. captions only / to uncover to reveal, discover.
lock curl, piece of hair, here, hair / to be tucked away to 3. to garner to attract / starstruck admiring (for a star, 4. hard to resist very tempting / to get, got, got to here,
be hidden, covered / gray (US) = grey (GB) / wig hairpiece famous person) / critically acclaimed hailed as a success by to have the opportunity to / part role / to reunite with to
covering the head and made of real or synthetic hair. critics / debut here, first film / to premiere to be presented, work with again / Far From Heaven Loin du paradis /
2. at first initially / I was like... I said / lady woman, here, shown at a special event before official release / to run, ran, director filmmaker / previous preceding, earlier / pretty
actress / to sign to use sign language / run away to flee, escape, leave without permission / quite, rather /
dinary. It's about these kids who are trying to

find their parents, but what they end up finding SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
is their culture and community. There's some-
thing beautiful and very meaningful about that." Haynes used
unconventional methods
5.The Oscar winner spent two months learning to yell “Action!” (cf. § 9)
American Sign Language for her scenes as Rose.
to yell (crier)
She even got pointers from Simmonds. Expressions similaires : to shout, to
scream.
6."She was so nice about my signing, which Attention, le verbe to cry est un
is bad. It's like talking to a baby, I'm not kid- faux-ami qui signifie “pleurer”.
ding," Moore jests, occasionally signing as she
talks. On the set, Simmonds "was very en-
couraging. She'd always go, 'You got it — keep heavy objects on the ground so she could feel
going, keep practicing.' " the vibrations.
CASTING CALL 10. In one blooper

7.Simmonds started act- that made it into the
ing in plays when she film, "I'm at my desk
was 6, after abandoning asleep, but you can
her early ambitions of see the table moving
being a police officer or because they were
firefighter when she pounding on the floor
grew up. Her drama to get my attention,"
teacher sent her the Simmonds says.
casting call for Won-
derstruck and her mom 11.She hopes to contin-
Création graphique : Floc’h
filmed her audition on ue acting and is already
her smartphone. shooting her next mov-
ie, A Quiet Place (2018).
8.On video, "her whole She plays a deaf heroine
body and face and ges- who "hates herself be-
So
tures just came alive," cause she needed the
Haynes says. "It was ability to hear to prevent
extremely moving. something bad from
The more we saw, the happening," Simmonds
more we were com- Millicent Simmonds in 'Wonderstruck says. "It's very depress-
'.
pelled by what she did ing, but also interesting."
without language."
12.The film is directed by John Krasinski, who
9.Haynes used unconventional methods to
yell "Action!": having Simmonds' mom dress
co-stars with wife Emily Blunt.
in costume and walk ahead of her daughter 13."Do you like them more than me?" Moore
to discreetly sign the word, and dropping asks playfully. "I am an actor, after all. I have
British !
an ego." "It's you, Julianne," Millicent Sim-
monds responds, smiling. "You are my favorite
meaningful significant, important. of all time." O
5. to spend, spent, spent to pass (time), devote / even
as well / pointer indication, advice, tip.
6. I’m not kidding I am not joking, here exaggerating / to
jest to joke / as she talks while talking / to go, went, gone heavy weighty / so in order that.
here, to say / you got it that’s it, you are doing it correctly / 10. blooper blunder, funny mistake / to make, made,
keep going continue in the same way, carry on like that. made it into here, to find itself in, to be included as part of /
7. play drama performed on stage at a theatre / early first, desk work table / asleep in the state of sleep, at rest, not
initial, previous / firefighter person whose job it is to put out awake / to pound here, to stamp, stomp, to hit hard and
fires / drama dramatic arts, theatre / casting call audition. repeatedly with the feet / to get, got, got here, to attract.
8. whole entire / to come, came, come alive to become 11. to shoot, shot, shot to film, here to act in a film / ability 110 FILMS · 40 DÉBATS
animated / moving touching, emotional / to compel to capability, capacity / to prevent to stop (from happening) / 25 AVANT-PREMIÈRES
persuade, convince forcefully, here, enthrall. to happen to take place, occur / depressing sad. www.cinema-histoire-pessac.com
9. to yell to shout / ahead of in front of / daughter 12. wife spouse.
female child / to drop to release, let sth fall / 13. playfully humorously.

Culture I Musique I ROYAUME-UNI I ÀÀÀ C2
THE INDEPENDENT REMFRY DEDMAN
TWO DECADES
OF PLACEBO
Placebo: a retrospective (decade period of ten years)
The legendary 1990s rock group, Placebo, just completed a world tour celebrating that familiar, nasal tone that gives Placebo
twenty years in the music business. Its lead singer, the provocative and one of the distinct characteristics that people
androgynous, Brian Molko, takes the opportunity to look over the history of this either adore or abhor.
British trio and talk about the next album. Does Placebo still have the same effect
on audiences as before? 4.“We got thrust into the limelight very
B
quickly and we embraced our early success
with a lot of glee’ he says between drags on
rian Molko reflects on the alterna- their reputation for garnering praise and a cigarette and with a glint in his eye. ‘We
tive rock band’s career as they wrap scorn in almost equal measure. As is made had this feeling of utter disbelief, as if we
up a retrospective 20 Years of Placebo tour. obvious from the quote above, he is per- were naughty schoolchildren that had fooled
“I'd rather we were considered a Marmite fectly at ease with such a perception, even everyone and were about to be found out any
band than for us to be seen as inoffensive historically going so far as to positively en- minute. So we embraced the rock n' roll life-
and easily forgettable, so I don't have a prob- courage disdain from those who he himself style with enormous enthusiasm, as I think
lem with generating love or disgust for our holds in contempt. every young band should, you know? It's a
band; that's not an issue for me at all!” rite of passage and it comes with the terri-
LOVE THEM OR HATE THEM tory. We were surprised by how well the first
2.It’s fair to say that Brian Molko, lead sing- 3.It’sexactly this desire to goad, challenge album did… Our motivation was simply to
er and songwriter for Placebo, the band he’s and confront that has made Placebo one of never get a job in an office; we expected to
fronted now for 23 years, is well aware of the most interesting and remarkable bands
of the past 30 years. Molko speaks slowly in
tone intonation of the voice / distinct marked, specific.
4. to get, got, got thrust to be pushed / limelight
1. to wrap up to finish, to complete / tour series of spotlight, focus of media attention / to embrace to
concerts in different places / Marmite band band which to garner to gather, to receive / praise expression of welcome and accept (with enthusiasm) / glee delight,
provokes either a positive or negative reaction but never approval/admiration / scorn contempt, disdain / quote happiness / to drag on to inhale / glint sparkle, gleam,
indifference / disgust strong feeling of dislike or citation, declaration, statement / historically in the past / twinkle / utter complete, absolute / disbelief incredulity
disapproval. disdain rejection, dislike / to hold, held, held in / to fool to deceive, to trick / to be found out to be
2. lead main / songwriter person who writes songs / to contempt to have little respect for. discovered, to be caught after doing sth dishonest / any
front to be the lead singer (of a band) / 3. to goad to provoke / minute any moment /
Améliorez votre prononciation en écoutant tous les articles sur le supplément audio de lecture
ingly into a musical landscape that, broadly

speaking, had little time to confront the SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
prudish attitudes of the bourgeois.
A marmite band (cf. §1)
6.“I wanted to challenge the homophobia that
I was witnessing in the music scene” says
(un groupe que l’on
Molko. “I wanted anybody who was slightly
adore ou que l’on
homophobic to show up at our gigs and think déteste)
'Oh, I really fancy the singer. She's hot!' only Créée en 1902, la
to find out later that the singer was called Marmite est une
marque britannique
Brian. Of course the cross-dressing was an de pâte à tartiner à
aesthetic choice but for us, it was also a po- base de levure de
litical act; that was a very big part of what bière, riche en vitamine
we were trying to achieve at that time.” B1 et source d’acide
folique. Elle est célèbre car adorée
7.“The message that we bring when we go ou détestée en raison de son goût
anywhere and play a concert is a message of très prononcé. Certains professeurs
tolerance, understanding and acceptance and d’anglais prétendent que l’on ne
connaît pas bien l’Angleterre tant
it’s quite a wonderful thing, because what que l’on n’y a pas goûté ! A vous
Placebo became very early on, was a band for d’essayer !
the outcasts, the misfits, the square pegs in
the round holes.”
8.With this tour seemingly as good a time NEW RECORD IN THE WORKS
to reflect on their career as any, I take the 9.But what of the future of Placebo? Molko
opportunity to ask Molko if there is a par- reveals that he is currently writing songs for
ticular song that he is most proud of over the band’s as yet untitled 8th album, a project
the 100+ he’s written for the band. “Every that will no doubt become the main focus of
single band wants to do two things; 1) they their 2018. “I'd like the next record to reflect
want to write that one song that is such a the pain, frustration and violence that we're
hopefully be able to pay the rent and put food big hit that they never have to work again. seeing on the news on a daily basis” he says.
on the table and we would have been very And 2) they want to write a song which
satisfied with that but the universe had dif- transcends the identity of the band itself. I 10.“I'dlike it to be a record of the times be-
ferent plans for us. We stuck out like a sore think we finally managed that ourselves cause I've lived in London for 27 years and I
thumb in a music scene where Britpop was with the last track on Loud Like Love which honestly have never seen anything quite like
king; the timing was accidental but it also is a song called ‘Bosco’. You don't need to the political climate we’re living in today,
proved to be rather fortuitous for us.” know anything about Placebo for that song both in the UK and in the US. We’re going
to grasp you emotionally or to connect with backwards rather than forwards; everyone’s
A BAND FOR THE OUTCASTS the story in that song because it is so vulner- on edge and a sense of fear pervades with
5.Placebo pranced cocksure and panda-eyed able. It transcends the band's identity, it can terrorist attacks and world leaders threaten-
into a musical landscape awash with macho exist without needing any context from the ing to wipe other countries of the face of the
posturing and male bravado. Their heroes, band in order for it to have the desired emo- planet. And alongside that, I also believe that
Lou Reed, Marc Bolan and David Bowie tional impact.” we’ve entered the most narcissistic age that
among them, had all pushed the boundaries I've ever experienced in my lifetime thanks
of androgyny and sexuality in the 70s but to the way that technology has developed. I
Placebo found themselves thrust unwill- don't necessarily think that level of self-en-
titlement is healthy for us as a society. These
unwillingly unintentionally / prudish excessively proper are very inspiring times for artists and crea-
hopefully with a bit of luck / rent regular (usually monthly) and prude.
tive types.” O
payment to live in a property / to stick, stuck, stuck out 6. to witness to observe / to show, showed, showed or
like a sore thumb to be obviously very different to shown up to come / gig concert / to fancy to be
everyone else / Britpop UK pop music produced by British attracted to / hot sexy / cross-dressing act of wearing
bands in the 1990s / timing time when sth happens. clothes associated with the opposite sex.
5. outcast person who is excluded from society, pariah / to 7. misfit nonconformist / square peg in a round hole
prance to proudly dance and jump around to impress others 9. to be in the works to be in preparation / focus centre
person who does not fit into the norms of society.
/ cocksure (over)confident, self-assured, arrogant / panda- of interest, activity.
8. seemingly apparently / hit success / track song / to
eyed ref. to the dark eye make-up of Brian Molko / awash 10. to go, went, gone backwards to regress / to be on
grasp to grab, to seize, here, to move, to touch / to
full of, submerged with / posturing affected attitude / edge to be tense/nervous / to pervade to be present
connect with to identify with.
bravado ostentatious show of self-confidence / Marc everywhere all the time / to wipe of the face of the
Bolan lead singer of rock band T. Rex (1947-1977) / planet to annihilate / self-entitlement belief that one
boundary frontier / automatically has a right to everything.

Échos
Brèves de culture
Retrouvez plus d’infos dans la newsletter Vocable www.vocable.fr/newsletter
(Crédit photo (c))

"I know everything
now"
Kit Harrington revealed he cried while reading
the final Game Of Thrones script. A year at least
before the rest of us, the cast of the show got
their hands on the last ever episodes and the
(Ann Borden/AP/SIPA)
actor, who plays Jon Snow, got emotional. "We
had the read-through last week in fact, so I
know everything now,” he told the BBC, in
reference to the famous "You know nothing,
Jon Snow" line. “I cried at the end," he said.
"You have to remember that eight years of it,
no one really cares about it more than us."
Love, Barack to cry to weep, shed tears / script screenplay / at
least as a minimum / cast actors and actresses /
show here, TV series / to get, got, got one’s hands
Barack Obama’s letters to a former college girlfriend have been unveiled. Excerpts on sth to obtain, here, gain access to / to get, got,
were released by the Emory University Library last month, showing a young man got to become / read-through first reading / line
struggling with his place in the world. "They are quite beautifully composed and re- sentence of dialogue, quotation / to care about to be
interested in, concerned about, treat as important.
veal the search of a young man for meaning and identity," library director Rosemary
Magee said. In one of the earliest letters, the former president wrote: "I trust you know
that I miss you, that my concern for you is as wide as the air, my confidence in you as deep as the
sea, my love rich and plentiful." It was signed: "Love, Barack."
former ex / college university / to unveil to reveal, make public / excerpt extract, passage / to release here, to make
public / library place where books are kept and made available for public reference / to struggle to have a problem with,
have difficulty with / quite rather, here, very / early first / to trust to have faith and confidence in, believe / concern
preoccupation / wide vast / confidence assurance, belief / deep profound / plentiful abundant.
(Disney Channel)
Terry Richardson
blacklisted Disney Channel’s
Celebrity photographer Terry Richardson has coming out
been banned from major fashion magazines
amid resurfacing sexual harassment claims. Disney Channel made history by having one of its
Leading magazines such as Vogue, Glamour, key characters come out as gay, in a teen show
GQ and Vanity Fair said they would no longer called Andi Mack. The TV series revolves around
work with the 52-year-old artist. Richardson 13-year-old girl Andi and her friends. The storyline
is known for incorporating soft-porn shows Andi and her friend Cyrus (a boy) both
aesthetic into his shoots (he also directed admitting they are attracted to the same boy. The
Miley Cyrus’s Wrecking Ball video). He has move has been praised by equal rights
been dogged for years by allegations of campaigners in the US and the UK. "For young
sexual exploitation of models, something he lesbian, gay and bi people it sends a powerful
has always denied. message, demonstrating that they are not alone,"
said Kim Sanders from LGBT group Stonewall.
(Neil Rasmus/BFA/Shutter/SIPA)
to blacklist to put on a blacklist, list of people considered

to make, made, made history to be the first to
unacceptable by an organization or government / to
participate in an event that becomes history / to come,
ban to prohibit / amid during, here, in the context of /
came, come out to reveal that one is homosexual /
to resurface to re-emerge / harassment persistent
teen = teenager, adolescent / to revolve around
torment / claim here, accusation / leading eminent /
here, to involve / storyline scenario, plot, story / move
such as like (for example) / no longer not any more /
initiative / to praise to applaud (fig.) / equal rights
soft-porn erotic / shoot photo session / to direct to
equality of one’s human rights / campaigner active
make a film / to dog to follow persistently / allegation
supporter of a cause or candidate in an election.
accusation / to deny to refute.

Découverte I Intelligence artificielle I CANADA I ÀÀ B2-C1
THE NEW YORK TIMES CRAIG S. SMITH
THE “GODFATHER” OF
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Profile of Geoffrey Everest Hinton
and his contribution to AI
Research into Artificial Intelligence is
skyrocketing and Canada is putting itself
at the forefront. It is the chosen the
location for numerous laboratories
(notably Facebook) and many of its
leading figures, such as Geoffrey Hinton,
one of the founding fathers of AI.
Friendly and engaging, resolutely
anti-conformist, and especially a
visionary, he has revolutionised the
research in this field.
Ride in a self-driving car and you will be using technology based on Hinton's ideas.
A
(Aaron Elkaim/The New York Times)
s an undergraduate at Cambridge physiology and psychology to physics and not too distant future, ride in a self-driving
University, Geoffrey Everest Hin- chemistry — offered real answers. So he set car, and you will be using technology based
ton thought a lot about the brain. He wanted about building his own computer models to partly on Hinton’s ideas. His impact on arti-
to better understand how it worked but was mimic the brain’s process. “People just ficial intelligence research has been so deep
frustrated that no field of study — from thought I was crazy,” said Hinton, now 69, a that some people in the field talk about the
Google fellow who is also a professor emer- “six degrees of Geoffrey Hinton” the way
itus of computer science at the University of college students once referred to Kevin Ba-
1. undergraduate student in the first three years of a
university course / brain nerve centre in the skull / field of Toronto. con’s uncanny connections to so many Hol-
study academic subject area / lywood movies.
2.He wasn’t. He became one of the world’s
foremost authorities on artificial intelli- GOOGLE BRAIN
gence, designing software that imitates how 4. Hinton’s students and associates are now
the brain is believed to work. At the same leading lights of artificial intelligence re-
time, Hinton, who left academia in the Unit- search at Apple, Facebook, Google and Uber,
ed States in part as a personal protest against and run artificial intelligence programs at
military funding of research, has helped the University of Montreal and OpenAI, a
make Canada a high-tech hotbed. nonprofit research company. “Geoff, at a
time when AI was in the wilderness, toiled
3. Dictate a text on your away at building the field and because of
smartphone, search his personality, attracted people who then
for a photo on dispersed,” said Ilse Treurnicht, chief ex-
Google or, ecutive of Toronto’s MaRS Discovery Dis-
in the trict, an innovation center that will soon >>>
chemistry scientific study of the 3. self-driving driver-less, without a driver / college (US)
structure of substances / to set, university / Six degrees of Kevin Bacon game where the
set, set about to undertake, start / objective is to link any actor to Kevin Bacon via six
computer science information maximum connections of film partners (based on the «six
technology / to mimic to imitate, degrees of separation» concept, that any two people on
reproduce / (Google) fellow highest status Earth are six or fewer acquaintance links apart) / uncanny
or rank of engineer at Google. strange, mysterious, worrying, here, unlikely but seemingly
true nonetheless.
2. foremost most important, principal / software
(inv.) computer programme(s) / academia world of 4. leading light beacon, person who is prominent or
universities and scholars / funding financing / hotbed influential in a particular field or organisation / to run, ran,
place favouring rapid growth and development. run to direct, manage / nonprofit not aimed at making
money / wilderness desert, void / to toil away to work
continuously /

(iStock)
Découverte I Intelligence artificielle I CANADA I ÀÀ B2-C1
>>> house the Vector Institute, Toronto’s new ficial intelligence research project. His tiny the time he finished his undergraduate de-
public-private artificial intelligence research office there is not the grand space filled with gree, he realized that no one had a clue how
institute where Hinton will be chief scien- gadgets and awards that one might expect people think. “I got fed up with academia and
tific adviser. for a man at the leading edge of the most decided I would rather be a carpenter,” he
transformative field of science today. There recalled with evident delight, standing at a
5.Hinton also recently set up a Toronto isn’t even a chair. Be- high table in Google’s
branch of Google Brain, the company’s arti- cause of damaged ver- white-on-white cafe
tebrae, he stands up to “I got fed up with here. He was 22 and
work and lies down to lasted a year in the
to house to accommodate, to provide premises for /
ride in a car, stretched academia and decided trade, although carpen-
adviser consultant.
5. branch division, local office / out on the back I would rather be a try remains his hobby
seat. carpenter” today.
8. As he was having sec-

SCIENTIFIC STAR ond thoughts about his carpentry skills,
6. Hinton started out Hinton heard about an artificial intelligence
under a constellation of program at the University of Edinburgh and
brilliant scientific moved there in 1972 to pursue a Ph.D. Hinton
stars. He was born in focused on artificial neural networks, which
the United King- he thought were a better model to simulate
dom and grew up human thought.
in Bristol, where
his father was a 9. His study didn’t make him very employ-
professor of able in Britain, though. So, Ph.D. in hand, he
entomology turned to the United States to work as a
and an au- postdoctoral researcher in San Diego with a
thority on group of cognitive psychologists who were
beetles. also interested in neural networks.They were
His mid- soon making significant headway.
dle name
comes 10. They began working with a formula called
from an- the back propagation algorithm, originally
other il- described in a 1974 Harvard Ph.D. thesis by
lustrious relative, Paul J. Werbos. That algorithm allowed neu-
George Everest, ral networks to learn over time and has since
who surveyed become the workhorse of deep learning, the
India and made term now used to describe artificial intelli-
it possible to cal- gence based on those networks.
culate the
height of t he 11. Hinton moved in 1982 to Carnegie Mellon
world’s tallest University in Pittsburgh as a professor, where
mountain that his work with the algorithm and neural
now bears his networks allowed computers to produce
name.
7. no one had a clue not anyone had the least idea / to
Hinton followed the
7. get, got, got fed up to be tired of, have enough of /
family tradition by going to Cam- carpenter person who makes objects with wood /
bridge in the late 1960s. But by delight pleasure / white-on-white white decor and
furnishings / trade profession.
8. to have second thoughts about to have doubts
about, to reconsider / skill aptitude, capacity, competence
tiny minuscule / grand sumptuous, / to pursue to follow a course of study / Ph.D. Doctor of
impressive / award prize, honour / at the Philosophy / artificial neural network (ANN) processing
leading edge of at the forefront of / to devices (algorithms of software or hardware) modeled on
stretch out here, to lie in a flat or the neuronal structure of the human brain.
extended position.
9. researcher scientist who investigates a subject / to
6. beetle large black insect with a hard make, made, made headway to make progress.
case on its back that covers its wings /
10. workhorse durable and dependable person or
relative member of the family / to
machine / deep learning new area of research in the field
survey to measure and describe the
of Machine Learning inspired by the structure and function
details of an area of land.
of the brain referred to as Artificial Neuron Network.
some “interesting internal representations,” Toronto and eventually set up a program at lesions for cancer. The combination of the
as he put it. the institute that is now called Learning in Vector Institute, a surrounding cluster of
Machines & Brains. He also joined the hospitals and government support, he added,
12. Here’s an example of how the brain pro- University of Toronto as a professor of makes Toronto “one of the best places in the
duces an internal representation. When you computer science, though he confesses that world to do it.” O
look at a cat — for some reason cats are a he has never taken a computer science
favorite subject of artificial intelligence re- course himself.
surrounding around and nearby / cluster ensemble,
search — light waves bouncing off it hit your group, hub.
retina, which converts the light into electri- 15. By 2012, computers had become fast
cal impulses that travel along the optic nerve enough to allow him and his researchers
to the brain. Those impulses, of course, look in Toronto to create those internal rep-
nothing like a cat. The brain, however, recon- resentations as well as reproduce
stitutes those impulses into an internal speech patterns that are part of the
representation of the cat, and if you close translation applications we all
your eyes, you can see it in your mind. “In use today.
AI, the holy grail was how do you generate
internal representations,” Hinton explained. 16.He formed a company
specializing in speech and
13. Interesting as those internal representa- photo recognition with
tions were from an academic point of view, two of his students at the
computers were still too slow to re-create University of Toronto.
them in a way that mimicked the brain. Google bought the
business, so Hin-
MOVING TO TORONTO ton joined Google
14. At that point, Hinton was becoming half time and
disillusioned with the politics of the United cont i nue s t o
States in the Reagan era. He also didn’t like work there on
that most artificial intelligence research was creating arti-
funded by the U.S. military. He moved to ficial neural
net work s.
The deal
11. as he put it according to his way of describing it.
made Hin-
12. light wave electromagnetic wave (movement,
undulation) by which light travels through a medium or
t o n a
vacuum / to bounce off to hit and rebound / impulse wealthy man.
transmission, here, integral of force / to travel along sth
to transmit, move along sth / holy grail sacred vessel,
17. Now he is turn-
holiest of treasures.
14. at that point at that period, moment (in his life) /
ing his attention to
disillusioned disenchanted / era period / health care, think-
ing that artificial
intelligence tech-
nology could be
harnessed to scan
eventually in time.
G.E. Hinton did a Ph.D.
15. speech pattern
at Edinburgh structure of speech, verbal language
University (cf. § 8) pattern.
Ph.D. (qui s’écrit également PhD) 16. deal business agreement, transaction /
wealthy rich.
est une abréviation du latin
17. to harness to make use of, exploit / to
Philosophiæ doctor qui veut dire scan to scrutinise, examine /
Doctor of Philosophy (docteur en
philosophie). Dans le système
universitaire anglo-saxon ou
franco-canadien il est l’équivalent
d’un diplôme de doctorat en France.
Il n’est pas limité aux études de
philosophie mais s’applique à toutes
(iStock)
les disciplines.

Découverte I Intelligence artificielle I ROYAUME-UNI I ÀÀ B2-C1
THE GUARDIAN DENIS CAMPBELL
DOCTORS OF
THE FUTURE
Doctors 2.0
Mainly considered a subject for science fiction until recently,
artificial intelligence is about to take the medical world by storm
with its ability to conduct early diagnoses, propose treatments, and
understand medical conditions. The United Kingdom is investing
massively in this technological revolution. Could your doctor
become a computer program in the near future?
C omputers could start diagnosing

patients’ illnesses within the next
few years as artificial intelligence increas-
ingly ousts doctors from their traditional
speed up its application to medicine and the
health service, especially the task of analys-
ing “huge swaths” of the information col-
lected from patients about their symptoms.
read X-rays. I’ve been told by people who are
developing this sort of stuff that’s within a
four-year timeframe. We also know that this
kind of approach can be used for reading his-
roles, NHS leaders believe. Machines may “We know from a number of studies that topathology slides," said Keogh. Histopathology
soon be able to read X-rays and analyse sam- have been done that in, certain circum- involves the examination of breast lumps or
ples of diseased tissue, such as lumps that stances, AI is better than doctors at diagnos- specimens of someone’s bowel, removed be-
can indicate the presence of breast cancer, ing certain conditions,” said Professor Sir cause they have suspected cancer. “All of this
the NHS’s top doctor said. Bruce Keogh, the organisation’s national takes us into very new territory and it’s not a
medical director. long way over there, it’s actually here now,” he
2.The British National Health Service plans told delegates at NHS England’s Health and
to invest more of its £120bn budget in AI to FROM DOCTORS TO MACHINES Care Innovation Expo in Manchester.
3.“It’s possible that certain types – and there
are many different types of AI – will be able to
1. illness medical condition, disease / within in the course
of / increasingly more and more / to oust to push out, to
force out / NHS = National Health Service publicly- 3. to develop to create, to design / stuff thing, here,
funded health and medical care system in the UK / X-ray artificial intelligence / timeframe period of time / kind
radiography / sample small amount of sth taken to be sort / to involve to necessitate, to require / bowel
tested / diseased sick / lump tumour / breast part of a to speed up to accelerate / especially particularly / task intestine / to remove to take away / territory domain,
woman’s body where the mammary gland is situated. job, mission / huge massive, very big / swath here, subject area of study / a long way over there here, far into
2. to plan to to intend to / bn = billion (one thousand quantity / condition illness, disease, pathology. the future / actually in fact, in reality / care medical
million) / AI = artificial intelligence / treatment.
Retrouvez plus d’infos sur www.vocable.fr
(Jason Henry/The New York Times)

Spotting autism and Alzheimer’s
Scientists say that artificial intelligence is able to catch signs of Alzheimer’s disease almost 10
years before doctors can diagnose the disease from symptoms alone. Using MRI scans, some
researchers have found that AI could detect early signs with more than 80 percent accuracy
by identifying changes in how regions of the brain are connected. Although there is no cure at
present, early diagnosis means patients can get treatment sooner and have longer to make
care arrangements.
Researchers also report that AI can identify autistic infants long before they present
behavioral symptoms, based on brain scans. The earliest that children tend to be diagnosed
at present is at the age of two, although it is often later. A study, published in the journal
Nature this year, showed the origins of autism are much earlier than that - in the first year of
life. Artificial intelligence could help scientists understand how the disorder develops and find
early interventions for autism. For example, behavioural therapies such as those that train
parents in new ways of interacting with an autistic child could be introduced earlier when
they should be more effective.
to spot to detect / almost nearly / MRI= magnetic resonance imaging use of magnetic resonance imaging
to produce images of the interior of the body / brain encephalon organ in the head / although even if / cure
remedy, treatment / to report to explain / infant very young child, baby / behavioral (US)= behavioural
(GB) relating to human conduct / journal specialised scientific publication / disorder illness, pathology / to
train to instruct/teach specific skills for a task / way method / effective efficient, producing a desired result.
EARLY DIAGNOSIS 7.The revolution in genomics is central to eas-

5.There is already emerging evidence from ier, potentially more accurate diagnosis, Hunt
around the world that machines can help added. “When we do go to a doctor, he or she
identify patients who have autism or Alzhei- may be comparing your medical record with
mer’s disease. Jeremy Hunt, the health sec- our fully sequenced genome and giving us
retary, said computers could be routinely much more accurate predictive information.
diagnosing health conditions – even before We may be in a world where if we show any
they display symptoms – by the time the symptoms of a disease we consider that a sign
NHS turns 80 in 2028. “The changes in of failure – because the name of the game will
medical innovation are likely to transform be to catch diseases when we are asympto-
humanity by as much in the next 25 years as matic and we have a much better chance of
the internet has in the last 25 years,” he told being able to nip illness in the bud.” O
4. Simon Stevens, NHS chief executive, quot- the 5,000 delegates.
ed a recent Lancet editorial on how greater use
of AI could lead to “big shifts” in radiology and 6.“So what might medicine look like when
7. central crucial, essential / accurate precise / medical
pathology from doctors to machines. “The the NHS is 80? Well the first thing is we may record medical history / failure here, defect, fault / the
Lancet pointed out that over the course of a well not be going to doctors for a diagnosis, name of the game the key, the essential part / to catch,
career a radiologist would probably read over we might be going to computers instead, who caught, caught here, to identify, to diagnose / to nip sth
in the bud to stop sth early before it develops into sth
10m images, a dermatologist might analyse will be looking at the 300,000 biomarkers in more serious.
over 200,000 skin lesions and a pathologist every single drop of blood, mashing that with
will review nearly 100,000 specimens – big data information about everyone else’s
whereas there is great potential to actually biomarkers,” he said.
automate huge swaths of what is actually SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE
happening in radiology and to some extent
pathology and dermatology,” Stevens added.
5. early at the beginning of sth / diagnosis identification to nip something in the
of a disease / evidence (inv.) proof / around all over / bud (cf. § 7) (tuer quelque
4. chief executive director general / to quote to cite / health secretary minister responsible for the National
Health Service / even here, as well as, including / to
chose dans l’oeuf)
The Lancet weekly British medical journal / shift change /
to point out to explain / over the course of during, display to show / by the time when / to turn to Explication :
throughout / skin epidermis, epidermal / to review to celebrate a birthday / likely probable. to nip = pincer
analyse, to examine / nearly almost / whereas while / to 6. to look like to resemble / well... in fact... / instead in
automate to make automatic and able to be controlled its place, as an alternative / every single... each and a bud = un bourgeon, un bouton
by a robot/machine/computer / to happen to take place / every... / drop small amount of liquid that forms a round
to some extent to a certain degree. shape / to mash to mix, to combine.

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Des entrées pour des films et des expositions, des CD et des DVD, des romans, des voyages…
LIVRE CINÉMA
LA BELLE SAUVAGE FESTIVAL

De Philip Pullman INTERNATIONAL DU
Malcolm a 11 ans. A l’auberge de la Truite tenue par FILM D’HISTOIRE -
ses parents à Oxford, il voit défiler un grand nombre “SO BRITISH!”
de visiteurs. Certains sont étrangement intéressés
par Lyra, un bébé élevé par les nonnes du prieuré
voisin. Qui est Lyra ? Et quels secrets menacent son
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dessin
I Décryptage I ETATS-UNIS
AMERICA’S OPIOID CRISIS THE ARTIST

US President Donald Trump has called America’s addiction to Walt Handelsman is
opioids a “national shame” and has declared it a public health an American edito-
emergency. “We are currently dealing with the worst drug crisis rial cartoonist for The
in American history,” he said in a speech at the White House on Advocate, Louisiana’s
largest daily newspa-
October 26. In the United States, the abuse of opioids kills per. He has twice
more than 140 Americans a day. Opioids are a class of drugs won the Pulitzer
that include painkillers available legally by prescription Prize for Editorial
Cartooning, in 1997
(codeine, morphine…), the illegal drug heroin and synthetic and in 2007. One of the most widely reprinted
opioids such as fentanyl. Today, over two million Americans are cartoonists in America, Handelsman’s work
estimated to be hooked on opioids. has been seen in Newsweek, Time The New York
Times, USA Today, The Washington Post and The
shame humiliation / health medical and social care / emergency urgent situation / currently at present, at Chicago Tribune.
the moment / to deal, dealt, dealt with to be concerned with, confronted by / worst in the most extreme
degree / class category / painkiller analgesic, drug that eases pain and discomfort / available accessible, cartoonist person who draws cartoons (funny or satirical
obtainable / prescription piece of paper given by a doctor to obtain medication / such as like (for example) / drawing) / most widely most extensively.
to be hooked on to be addicted to.
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4 pages centrales de quiz pour progresser en anglais

PRATIC’ABLE Comment utiliser still, yet et already ? / Vocabulaire : à l'inﬁrmerie

La presse internationale en V.O. pour progresser en anglais

SOCIETY CULTURE POLITICS

2 & 3 DÉCEMBRE 2017

INFOS & INSCRIPTIONS : LE-START.COM

ÉMILIE COCHAUD Grand angle ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Whether it poses a threat or promises progress, À A2-B1 A 360° ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16

ÀÀ B2-C1 “Wonderstruck” USA TODAY (US) ............................................................................................................................. 24

À A2-B1 Echos ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28

L’article est repris sur le CD ou les MP3 Découverte

Les sorties .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34

THEY DID IT!

4 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017

Ceux qui font l'actu

MARK HALPERIN STEPHEN HAWKING JFK

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 •5

Theresa May waits for the arrival of

THE NEW YORK TIMES (US)

THE U.K. WANTS BREXIT

B RUSSELS — Last month, Prime Min-

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 •7

LEAVING "THE CITY"

U rgent progress is needed on a

The "City", London's

SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE

The Bank of England

they inform the Bank of England of their

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 •9

LOS ANGELES TIMES SHASHANK BENGALI

AMERICAN RAP, LOCAL

T he fresh-faced singer clutched the mic

9. Sometimes, the Yellow Pen-

to outnumber to be greater in number than, to exceed /

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 11

THE GUARDIAN ALICE FISHER

WHY ARE UNICORNS

T he unicorn started as a ﬁerce creature

2.I didn’t realise then how much time I’d spend

1. ﬁerce ferocious / stag male deer / tail elongated posterior

SUR LE BOUT DE LA LANGUE

someone a cuddle” (faire un câlin).

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 13

J agmeet Singh could have done many

ORGANISÉ PAR DANS LE CADRE DE

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 15

UNDERWATER and vote in legislation / to recognize to acknowledge,

MEET AZUKI ROBOT CITIZEN

16 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017

NIVEAU BASIQUE DE VOTRE SUPPLEMENT SONORE

Vocabulaire clé Expressions à retenir

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 17

Still, yet, already

SOLUTIONS : 1.still, 2.already, 3.yet, 4.already 5.yet 6.still/already 7.yet 8. still/yet

18 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017

Soignez votre orthographe !

Le dessin d'Yves Cotten

VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017 • 19

9. incrédulité D L U U Voici deux expressions, tirées

20 • VOCABLE Du 16 au 29 novembre 2017