Namma Kalvi

www.nammakalvi.org
MULTIMEDIA AND DESKTOP
CHAPTER 1
PUBLISHING

BOOK BACK QUESTIONS: 7. ___ is the process displaying still images

they give continuous movement
a) Text formats b) Sound
PART II
c) MP3 d) Animation

Choose the Correct Answers 8. The live telecasting of real time program
through Internet is known as ____
1. ________ refers to any type of application a) Web casting b) web hosting
that involves more than one type of media c) data manipulation d) none of the above
such as text, graphics video animation and
9. GIF use _______ color look up table
sound
a) 8 bit b) 8 KB
a) An executable files b) desktop publishing
c) 8 MB d) 8 GB e) 13bit
c) multimedia d) hypertext
10. RTF file format was introduced by ______
2. One of the disadvantages of the multimedia
a) TCS b) Microsoft
is its __
c) Apple d) IBM
a) Cost b) adaptability
c) usability d) relativity
ANSWERS FOR OBJECTIVES
3. Expand JPEG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
a) Joint photo experts gross c a b c B c d a e b
b) Joint photographic experts group
c) Joint processor experts group
d) Joint photographic expression group PART III
4. You need hardware, software and __ to Short Answers
make multimedia
a) Network b) compact disk drive
1. Define Multimedia and their features.
c) good idea d) programming knowledge
  Multimedia is an integration of many types of ­media
5. Match the following by choosing the right like text, graphics, images, audio, animation, video
one etc on a single medium in the same information unit.
1. Text – TGA Features:
2. Image – MIDI ™™ Latest enriching experience in the field of informa-
3. Sound – MPEG tion sector.
4. Video – RTF ™™ Multimedia plays vital role in terms of presenting
a. 1, 2, 3, 4 b. 2, 3, 4, 1 information to the users.
c. 4, 1, 2, 3 d. 3, 4, 1, 2
2. List out Multimedia Components
6. Find the odd one on the following which is   Multimedia has five major components
not an image format They are
a) TIFF b) BMP 1. Text
c) RTF d) JPEG 2. Images
MKS TAMIL FRIENDS
3. Sound

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Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing XII Std - Computer Application
4. Video 10. List out Multimedia Production team
5. Animation. ­members
™™ Production Manager
3. Classify the TEXT component in multimedia
™™ Content Specialist
™™ Static Text
™™ Script Writer
™™ Hypertext
™™ Text Editor
4. Classify the IMAGE component in ™™ Multimedia Architect
­multimedia ™™ Computer Graphic Artist
™™ Raster or Bitmap Images ™™ Audio and Video Specialist
™™ Vector Images ™™ Computer Programmer
™™ Web Master
5. Define Animation and their features
  Animation is the process displaying still imag-
es so quickly so that they give the impression of PART IIII
­continuous movement.
Features: Explain in Brief Answer
™™ Using numerical transformations the movement
of that image along its paths is calculated for 1. Briefly explain about Multimedia
their defining coordinates. ­Components
™™ Animations may be in two or three dimensional.   Multimedia has five major components like text,
™™ Animation tools are very powerful and effective. images, sound, video and animation.
1) Text:
6. List out image file formats
   Text is the basic components of multimedia
™™ TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
and most common ways of communicating infor-
™™ BMP (Bitmap)
mation to other person.
™™ DIB (Device Independent Bitmap)
2) Image
™™ GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)
   Images acts as a vital component in ­multimedia.
™™ JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
These images are generated by the computer in
™™ TGA (Tagra)
two ways, as bitmap or raster images and as vector
™™ PNG (Portable Network Graphics)
images.
7. List out audio file formats 3) Animation
™™ WAV (Waveform Audio File Format)    Animation is the process displaying still ­images
™™ MP3 (MPEG Layer-3 Format) so quickly so that they give the impression of
™™ OGG ­continuous movement.
™™ AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format) 4) Sound
™™ WMA (Windows Media Audio)    Sound is a meaningful speech in any language
™™ RA (Real Audio Format) and is the most serious element in multimedia,
­providing the pleasure of music, special effects and
8. List out video file formats so on.
™™ AVI (Audio/Video Interleave)
5) Video
™™ MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group)
   Video is defined as the display of recorded
™™ WMV (Windows Media Video)
event, scene etc.
™™ FLV (Flash Video)
™™ MKV (Matroska Video) 2. Describe the features and techniques of
animation
9. Define Multimedia Production
™™ Using numerical transformations the movement
In basic terms, multimedia production is any sort of
MKS TAMIL of that image along its paths is calculated for
FRIENDS
production that uses imagery and a combination of
their defining coordinates.
text, audio, and graphics to tell a story.
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XII Std - Computer Application Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing
™™ Animations may be in two or three dimensional. feel satisfied at the end of your day and get
™™ Animation tools are very powerful and effective. praise from your clients as well.
™™ The two basic types of animations are Path
­animation and Frame animation.
PART IVI
™™ Path animation involves moving an object on a
screen that has a constant background
Explain in detail
™™ In frame animations, multiple objects are ­allowed
to travel simultaneously
1. Explain in detail Process of Multimedia
3. Write roles and responsibilities of 1. Conceptual Analysis and Planning
­Production team members   Conceptual analysis identifies an appropriate
™™ Production team comprises of members play- theme, budget and content availability on that se-
ing various roles and responsibilities like Script lected theme. Copyright issues also are considered
writer, Production manager, Editor, Graphics in this phase.
Architect, Multimedia Architect and Web Master.
™™ It is for a high end multimedia project requires 2. Project design
team efforts.   Goals, Objectives are contribute to the Project
design phase.
4. Describe the various file formats in
­multimedia
3. Pre-production
1) Text Formats
  Based on the planning and design, it is necessary
•• RTF : Rich Text Format is introduced by
to develop the project.
Microsoft
2) Image Formats
4. Budgeting
•• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): It is a
  Budgeting for each phases like consultants, hard-
compressed image format.
ware, software, travel, communication and publish-
•• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group):
ing is estimated for all the multimedia projects.
It was designed to attain maximum image
compression.
5. Multimedia Production Team
3) Audio File Formats
  Script writer, Production manager, Editor, Graph-
•• WAV (Waveform Audio File Format): It is the
ics Architect, Multimedia Architect and Web Master
audio file format in windows
are there in Multimedia Production Team
•• MP3 (MPEG Layer-3 Format): MPEG Layer-3
format for storing and downloading music.
6. Hardware/Software Selection
4) Video File Formats:
  Hardware includes the selection of fastest CPU,
•• AVI (Audio/Video Interleave): It is the video
RAM and huge monitors, sufficient disc for storing
file format for Windows.
the records.
•• MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group): It is a
standard for generating digital video and au-
7. Defining the Content
dio compression.
  Content is the “stuff ” provided by content spe-
5. Explain animation industry and their scope cialist to the multimedia architect
™™ The animation industry encompasses traditional
2D animation, 3D animation and visual effects 8. Preparing the structure
for feature films.   This structure defines the activities, responsible
™™ The animation industry is expected to grow at a person for each activity and the start/end time
pace faster than the IT industry’s! for each activity.
MKS TAMIL
™™ Animation as a career option is a field where you FRIENDS
can fulfill your dream of “enjoy-as-you-work”,
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Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing XII Std - Computer Application
9. Production Frame Animation
  In the multimedia application, after the    In frame animations, multiple objects are
­pre-­production activities, the production phase ­allowed to travel simultaneously and the ­background
starts. This phase includes the activities like or the objects also changes.
­background music selection, sound recording and
so on.
3. Explore the opportunities Animation filed
movie industry.
10. Testing
™™ As such, anyone completes a 3D animation
  The complete testing of the pilot product is
course can hope to build a rewarding and satis-
done before the mass production to ensure that
fying career in the Media and Entertainment field
­everything is in place, thereby avoiding the failure
these days.
after launch.
™™ A number of job opportunities are opening up on
a daily basis.
11. Documentation
™™ Animation and visual effects requirements for
  The documentation has all the valuable
massive international projects such as HBO’s top
­information’s starting from the system requirement
TV series and Marvel’s hits Infinity War and Black
till the completion of testing.
Panther was outsourced to Indian companies in
Mumbai and Pune.
12. Delivering the Multimedia Product
™™ The surge in demand for animation and visual
  Multimedia applications are best delivered on CD/
effects experts has led to a significant increase
DVD or in the website.
in the number of students enrolling for a VFX
2. Explain in detail Techniques of Animation course.
™™ Animation is the process displaying still ­images
4. Explain in detail about production team
so quickly so that they give the impression of
Roles and Responsibilities
­continuous movement.
1. Production Manager
™™ In animation the screen object is a vector image
   The production manager should be an exper-
in animation. Using numerical transformations
tise in the technology expert, good at proposal
the movement of that image along its paths is
writing, good communication skills, budget man-
calculated for their defining coordinates.
agement skills, human resource management and
™™ The least frame rate of at least 16 frames per
act as an efficient team leader.
second gives the impression of smoothness and
for natural looking it should be at least 25 frames
2. Content Specialist
per second.
   Content specialist is responsible for performing
™™ Animations may be in two or three dimensional.
all research activities concerned with the proposed
The two dimensional animation, bring an image
application’s content.
alive, that occur on the flat X and Y axis of the
screen.
3. Script Writer
™™ While in three dimensional animation it occurs
   The script writer visualizes the concepts in
along the three axis X, Y and Z. The two ­basic
three dimensional environments and if needed uses
types of animations are Path animation and
the virtual reality integration into the program.
Frame animation.

4. Text Editor
Path Animation
   The content of a multimedia production always
   Path animation involves moving an object on a
must flow logically and the text should always be
screen that has a constant background
MKS TAMIL structured and correct grammatically.
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XII Std - Computer Application Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing
5. Multimedia Architect ™™ MP3 (MPEG Layer-3 Format): MPEG Layer-3
   The multimedia architect integrates all the format is the most popular format for storing
multimedia building blocks like graphics, text, au- and downloading music.
dio, music, video, photos and animation by using
authoring software. d) Digital Video File Formats
™™ AVI (Audio/Video Interleave) :AVI is the
6. Computer Graphic Artist ­video file format for Windows. Here sound
   The role of Computer Graphic Artist is to deal and picture elements are stored in alternate
with the graphic elements of the programs like interleaved chunks in the file.
backgrounds, bullets, buttons, pictures editing, 3-D ™™ MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group) : MPEG
objects, animation, and logos etc. is a standard for generating digital video and
audio compression under the International
7. Audio and Video Specialist Standards Organization (ISO) by the group
   The roles of these specialists are needed of people.
for dealing with narration and digitized videos to
be added in a multimedia presentation. They are ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS:
­responsible for recording, editing sound effects and
digitizing. PART AI

8. Computer Programmer Choose the correct answers:

   The computer programmer writes the lines of
code or scripts in the appropriate language. 1. _____has become the latest enriching
­experience in the field of information
9. Web Master ­sector.
   The responsibility of the web master is to a) Multimedia b) Web Casting
­create and maintain an Internet web page. They c) Web Hosting d) All of the above
convert a multimedia presentation into a web page.
2. Multimedia has ____major components
5. Explain about different file formats in a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5
­multimedia files
a) Text Formats 3. ___ is the basic components of multimedia
™™ RTF: Rich Text Format is the primary file a) Text b) Animation
­format introduced in 1987 by Microsoft c) Audio d) Video

4. Classifications of text are ___ and ____.

b) Image Formats
a) Static and Hypertext
™™ GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): GIF is a
b) Static and Text
compressed image format. Most of the com-
c) Hyper and Text
puter color images and backgrounds are GIF
d) All of the above
files.
™™ JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) 5. A ______is a system which consists of
:JPEG was designed to attain maximum im- nodes
age compression. It uses lossy compression a) Static Text b) Hypertext
technique, c) Both a and b d) None of these
c) Audio File Formats 6. Images are generated by the computer in
™™ WAV (Waveform Audio File Format) : It is the ___ways.
most popular audio file format in windows for a) 2 b)3 c) 4 d) 5
MKS TAMIL
storing uncompressed sound files. FRIENDS

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Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing XII Std - Computer Application
7. Each pixel consists of _____colours. 16. Match the following
a) two b) two or more Notepad - 1) Unix, Linux
c) one d) None of these Gedit or nano - 2) Mac OSX
TextEdit - 3) Windows
8. Vector Images are used to create___
Choose the correct order
­Objects.
a) 3 1 2 b)1 2 3
a) Lines b) Rectangle
c) 2 3 1 d)3 2 1
c) Circle d) All of the above
17. ___ image format is used for the
9. The powerful wayto convey information in
­high-resolution or large images.
multimediaapplications are ____
a) TIFF b) GIF
a) Compression of video
c) BMP d) JPEG
b) Embedding of video
c) Displaying video 18. Most of the computer color images and
d) None of these backgrounds are____ files.
a) TIFF b) GIF
10.
_______isthe process of conducting
c) BMP d) JPEG
conference between more than two
­
­participants at different sites by using 19. ____ is a free, open source container
computer networks ­format
a) Video conferencing b) Web casting a) WAV b) RA
c)Web hosting d)All of the above c) OGG d) AIFF

11.
______is a free-standing furnished 20. Which of the following audio file format
equipped multimedia computer that allow used by apple?
users to retrieve information via a touch a) WAV b) RA
screen. c) OGG d) AIFF
a) Kiosk b) Maya
21. _____ format is designed for streaming
c) PHP d) Phython
audio over the Internet.
12. Kiosk is usually located near the ­entrance a) WAV b) RA
of the_____, used for displaying c) OGG d) AIFF
­announcements,
22. AVI is the video file format for _____OS
a) Library b) Railway Station
a) Windows b) MacOS
c) Airport d) colleges
c) Linux d) Android
13. Which of the following is not a role of
23. The process of multimedia making begins
­Multimedia production team?
with
a) Text Editor b) Script Writer
a) Conceptual Analysis and Planning
c) Production Manager d) None of these
b) Project design
14. Rich Text Format is the primary file format c) Pre-production
­introduced in___ d) Budgeting
a)1989 b)1999
24. Copyright issues also are considered in
c)1997 d)1987
a) Conceptual Analysis and Planning
15. Rich Text Format introduced by ____ b) Project design
a) Microsoft b) Oracle c) Pre-production
c) Apple d) None of these d) Budgeting
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XII Std - Computer Application Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing
25. ________is estimated for all the ­multimedia 34.
Research on MPEG-21 “Multimedia
projects. ­Framework” has started in____.
a) Conceptual Analysis and Planning a) 2000 b) 2001
b) Project design c) 2002 d) 2003
c) Pre-production
35. Which of the following is not an element of
d) Budgeting
multimedia?
26. Which of the following role is not in a) Text b) Image
­Multimedia Production team? c) Audio d) Database
a) Script writer b) Production manager
c) Editor d) Database Administrator
ANSWERS FOR OBJECTIVES
27. ___ phase includes the activities like
background
­ music selection, sound 1. a 2. d 3. a 4. a 5. b
­recording 6. a 7. b 8. d 9. b 10. a
a) Testing 11. a 12. a 13. d 14. d 15. a
b) Production 16. a 17. c 18. b 19. c 20. d
c) Delivering the Multimedia Product 21. b 22. a 23. a 24. a 25. d
d) Documentation 26. d 27. b 28. d 29. d 30. a
28. Which of the following is related to 31. b 32. d 33. d 34. a 35. d
­documentation?
a) Contact details b) e-mail address Fill in the blanks:
c) Phone numbers d) All of the above
1. The Word Multimedia means ____ Ans: Multiple
29. ______is responsible for performing all
forms of media
­research activities
a) Script writer b) Production manager 2. Raster images are also called as ____ Ans:
c) Editor d) Content specialist ­Bitmap Images

30. The _____visualizes the concepts in three 3. Bitmap is a simple matrix of the tiny dots
dimensional environments and if needed called____ Ans: Pixel
uses the virtual reality integration into the
program. 4. _________techniques are used to reduce the file
a) Script writer b) Production manager size of images Ans: Compression
c) Editor d) Content specialist 5. Video can be categorized in ___ types Ans:2
31. The ___integrates all the multimedia 6. _____ and ____ are the categories of video
­building blocks        Ans:Analog video and D ­ igital video.
a) Script writer b) Multimedia Architect
c) Editor d) Web Master 7. _________is the measurement of volume.
Ans: Decibels
32. The responsibility of the _____is to create
and maintain an Internet web page. 8. A sample of ____is taken and stored every nth
a) Script writer b) Multimedia Architect ­fraction of a second as digital information in bits
c) Editor d) Web Master and bytes. Ans: Sound

33. Which of the following is not an image 9. _____is defined as the display of recorded event,
­format? scene etc. Ans: Video
a) HDR b) PICT MKS TAMIL FRIENDS
c) PCX d) RTF
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Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing XII Std - Computer Application
10. The powerful way to convey information in 13. RA -Real Audio Format
­multimedia applications are ___ 14. AVI -Audio Video Interleave
Ans: embedding of video.
15. MPEG -Moving Pictures Experts Group
11. In____, the video data’s are stored in any 16. ISO -International Standard Organization
non-computer media. Ans: Analog video 17. LAN -Local Area Network
12. Analog video is divided into ___ types. Ans:2 18. EDUSAT -Education Satellite
19. DIB -Device Independent Bitmap
13. ___ and ____ are the types of analog video
20. DRM -Digital Right Management
        Ans: Composite and Component

14. The File extension of WAV files is ____ Ans: wav

PART BI
15. The File extension of MPEG Layer-3 files files is
____ Ans: MP3 Short Answers
16. The specific statements in the project is known 1. What is meant by the term Multimedia?
as the___ Ans:Objectives.   The word multimedia consists of twowords
“multi” and “media” which means that multiple
17. Multimedia based teaching and learning system
forms of media are combined to gather and provide
named as____at GMU. Ans:MODULO
services like storage, communication, presentation
18. Banks uses ___in the form of ATM machines. and Input/output interactions of text, video, image,
Ans: Kiosks graphics and audio.

19. Initially Bitmap format is in use with ___ OS 2. What is the purpose of Digital Multimedia
Ans:Windows 3.1. Library?
  Information’s are available in digital formats that
20. Text is incorporated using ___software
include digital books, scanned images, graphics
Ans: OCR
and digitized audio-visual clips etc stored inDigital
21. ____tool is flexible and easy for composing the ­Multimedia Library.
projects in multimedia. Ans: MIDI
3. Write a short note on Static Text
™™ Static text, the text or the words will remain
­static as a heading or in a line, or in a paragraph.
Abbreviation The words are given along with the images to
explain about the images.
1. TIFF -Tagged Image File Format
™™ In static text the words will either give ­information
2. JPEG -Joint Photographic Experts Group or support an image or video.
3. MIDI -Musical Instrument Digital Identifier
4. Write a short note on Vector Images.
4. RTF -Rich Text Format
  Drawing elements or objects such as lines,
5. BMP -Bitmap ­rectangles, circles and so on to create animages
6. GIF -Graphics Interchange Format are based on Vector images.
7. TGA -Tagra 5.
What are the advantages of Vector ­Images?
8. PNG -Portable Network Graphics ™™ Relatively small amount of data is required
9. WAV -Waveform Audio File Format ­torepresent the image and thereby only
10. MP3 -MPEG Layer-3 Format ­lessmemory is needed to store.
™™ Compressiontechniques are used to reduce the
11. AIFF -Audio Interchange File Format
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filesize of images that is useful for storinglarge
12. WMA -Windows Media Audio
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XII Std - Computer Application Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing
number of images and speedingtransmission for ™™ Movies are stored in a centralserver and
networked application. ­transmitted througha communication network.
6. Compare Path Animation and Frame 4. How Multimedia is used inMedical S
­ ervices?
­Animation. ™™ Medical services are grown drasticallywith the
Path Animation ­development of multimedia.
  Path animation involves moving an objecton a ™™ Medical Students practices surgerymethods via
screen that has a constant background simulation prior toactual surgery.
Frame Animation ™™ Tiny digital camerasare inserted in human body
  In frame animations, multiple objects areallowed and itdisplays the inner scene of the body.
to travel simultaneously and thebackground or the ™™ In this way the medical practitionerswere able to
objects also changes. see the inner part withoutdissecting it.

PART CI 5. How Multimedia is used in Public Places

™™ Multimedia is available in manypublic ­places
Explain in Brief Answer like trade shows,libraries, railway stations,
­museums,malls, airports, banks, hotels
1. Write a short note on Hypertext. ­andexhibitions in the form of kiosks.
™™ A hypertext is a system which consists of nodes, ™™ It provides information to thecustomers and
the text and the links between the nodes, which helps them.
defines the paths the user; need to follow for the ™™ The information presented in kiosk areenriched
text access innon-sequential ways. with animation, video, stillpictures, graphics,
™™ The author of the working system created this ­diagrams, maps,audio and text.
structure. The user is permitted to define their ™™ Banks uses kiosks inthe form of ATM machines.
own paths in more sophisticated hypertext
systems. 6. How Multimedia is used in Multimedia
™™ The user is provided with the flexibility and ­Conferencing
choice to navigate in hypertext.   Multimedia conferencing or videoconferencingis
a system thatperforms face-to-face interaction
2. How Multimedia is used in Education? samong participating users, locatedfar from each
™™ Multimedia plays a vital role inoffering an other, as if they weresitting and discussing in a
­excellent alternativemethod to traditional ­singleroom.
­teaching by ­allowing the students to exploreand
learn various concepts throughanimation.
™™ Students, teachers andthe parents enjoy this mul- PART DI
timediamode of learning and ­multimedialearning
materials. Explain in detail
™™ Many educatorsaccept multimedia introduces
newways of thinking in the classroom. 1. How Multimedia is used in Business
3. How Multimedia is used in Entertainment? ­systems?
™™ The remarkable advancement in the ™™ Business applications for multimedia include
­entertainment industry is due to the Multimedia ­presentations, training, and internet protocols
Technology mainly. and soon.
™™ Thistechnology is needed in all mode of ™™ The marketing and advertising agencies are
­entertainment like radio, TV, onlinegaming, video ­using animation techniques for sales promotion.
on demand etc. ™™ Multimedia is used very commonly for building
™™ Video on demand or movieson demand is a employee ID.
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­service thatprovides movies to television sets on ™™ High resolution projectors are common for multi-
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Chapter - 1  Multimedia and Desktop Publishing XII Std - Computer Application
™™ Cell phones and personal digital assistants with two ­participantsat different sites by using
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi communication technology ­computernetworks to transmit audio and
makes multimedia communication for business videodata.
more efficiently.
3. User Orientation Program
2. How Multimedia used in Libraries,
•• The role of multimedia plays anvital role in
­Information centers and Archives? Explain
training the librariansin schools, colleges and
  Multimedia technologyis adopted by the
universitiesdue to its interactivity. Hence,
­libraries in variousfunctions like multimedia kiosks,
it ­isused in depth subject training totheir
­userorientation programs etc. Following is the brief
faculties.
account of multimedia technologyapplications in
­libraries.
4. 
In-house Production of Multimedia
­Resources and E-publishing
1. Multimedia Kiosk
•• Many libraries produce multimediaresources
•• Kiosk is a free-standing furnished equipped
in-house, to serve theparent organization.
multimedia computer that allows users
Introductionof CD/DVD and their writershas
to retrieve informationvia a touch screen.
solved few of the problems oflibraries in
It is commonlyused in airports and other
­storing or achievingthe materials.
­publiclocations to provide directions and few
•• Multimedia toolsalong with CD-writers is
mandatory information’s.
­madepossible to publish informationfrom
•• In anlibrary, Kiosk is usually located nearthe
­different sources in a mosteasy to use and
entrance of the library, used fordisplaying
­acceptable form tolibrary users.
announcements, readinglists, comments
and suggestionsfrom library users and other
5. Digital Multimedia Libraries
­information’s about operations andprograms
•• Information’s are available indigital formats
of the library.
that include digitalbooks, scanned images,
graphicsand digitized audio-visual clips etc.
2. Webcasting and VideoConferencing
•• Initially digital library projects werebased
•• The live telecast of real time programsthrough
only on textual data, later itwas on all other
internet is known asWebcasting.
media elements likeimages, audio and ­video
•• Video conferencing isthe process of
­recordingswere also integrated under the
­conducting conferencebetween more than
­collection of digital library.

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