(Done) Chapter 2 HC
(Done) Chapter 2 HC
(Done) Chapter 2 HC
This chapter of the paper presents the review of related literature, the review of related
studies, the conceptual framework, the research hypothesis and the definition of terms.
Related Literature
If the circuit is overload, a circuit breaker should trip or a fuse should blow. If GFCI
receptacle or circuit breaker is part of the non-working circuit (typhically in a kitchen, bath or
outdoors) you can often solve the problem by simply pushing the reset button on the GFCI
The abovementioned literature has a significant relationship with the present study since it
tackles about on what we can do if this situation happened on us which can help us to solve the
Electrical problems can be dangerous for you, your house and your electrical equipment.
The first step to trouble shooting one, whether it's an ask the neighbors if they are having the
same problem if they are, you probably call power company if only you are having the problem.
It may take some detective work to discover the source. (Deziel, 2018)
The foregoing literature bears a connection with the researcher's study since it explains on
When a PC's constant power is interrupted, its components lose the power to continue
running. This usually occurs when there's a problem at a power station or within the network in
the home, like a tripped fuse. This cause the entire computer to be shut off, regardless of where it
was in its processes. The actual act of a shutdown is mostly harmless after all, we do it to PC's on
a daily basis! That's not to say its entirely free of risk, however. The most likely issue caused
with a power outage is data corruption. If a power outage occurs just as you're saving changes to
file, it will be permanently stuck in mid-save. This may corrupt some of the data in the file or
make it unopenable. This isn't too bad when you're editing a shopping list but if you're doing
work on an important work document or saving changes to an important system file this can
cause a loss of work or even render the operating system unusable until it's fixed. (Batt, 2018)
The discussed statements and facts above have significant relationship to the present study
because it bears the possible things that will happened on the computer if power has been
an off switches hence the binary system of 1/0 translated 1/10 representing the two possible
condition of not transistor in a CPU. As this are electric based a computer needs energy
(electricity) to be able to make switches between this conditions. While, (Johnson, 2017) state
that most modern conputers manipulate electricity with transistorized circuits to take input data
and convert it to output data, but computers don't necessarily require electricity.
form "logic gates". The electricity is what flows through these logic gates. It might help in an
abstract sort of way to think of the logical gates as pipes and the electricity as water. The pipes
serve a specific purpose and without the water following through them that purpose is not being
serve. When we're talking about the calculation in the context of a CPU, the result of a
calculation is determined by the flow of electricity through the logic gates. (Christenson, 2017)
The literature overhead place a vital applicability with the researcher's study since it
evidently describes the relationship of CPU and computers to the electricity. And it describe how
Frequent power outages can reduce a hard drive's physical lifespan. The read-and-write
head, which hovers over the spinning platters during operation, snaps back into its orginal
position upon power loss. This sudden movement can cause tiny imperfection that occumulate
over time, increasing the likehood of a "head crash": a malfuction that occurs when the head
touches and scrapes the platter surfce, effectively destroying the hard drives. And, Solid-state
drives can also suffer catastrophic damage from sudden power cuts. Issues can range anywhere
from data corruption to total malfunction. It should be noted that although power outage will not
cause direct harm to computer hardware other than data drives, it's possible for power outages to
be accompanied by power surges, which can cause severe damage to hardware. (Lee, 2014)
The aforesaid literature is suitable with the existing study of researchers because it
disscussed the effect of frequent power outage or interruption on the hard drive which is one
The Ohm's law is absolutely the most common and most powerful single relationship in the
study of electricity or electronics today. This law will be used repeated throughout the circuits
course because it explains the basic interrelationship of voltage, current and resistance. These
relationship were originally, formulated by George Simon Ohm, an early scientist who
discovered that the basic relationship between, voltage current and resistance is especially
The foregoing literature has a significant relationship with the researcher's study because it
shows the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance which is part of power supply
Stanby Power Generation System include alternate power system for application such as
product in manufacturing but where life and safety do not depend on the system. Several method
of removing heat from a transformer involved forced cooling-cooling is achieve by using pumps
to force the circulation of air past the oil-filled radiators or by immersing water containing coils
removes the heat stored in the oil. Shows internal construction of an oil filled transformer.
Forced air movement by the use of fans is a common practice Fans are generally controlled by
The above mentioned literature bears a connection with the researcher's study since it
illustrates the power generation system or electricity , how it cause human discomfort or damage
to a product in manufacturing. And it indicate on how to remove heat from a transformers that
Energy is the ability to do work. When work is accomplished during a period of time power
is created. Electrical power is similar to mechanical power. When a light bulb indicates 60 watts
it means that it takes 60 watts of power to make it up-1 horse power is equal to 746 watts of
elecrical power . When we buy energy from power company, the unit of energy. We pay for it in
watt hours. That is we pay for the period of time (watt times hours). The power company sells
The foregoing literature has a significant relationship with the researcher's study because it
tackles about on how we going to pay power company , which is important in the business of
computer shops.
Failure Spark Plugs. The first sign of failing plug is when the engine misfires faulty plugs
are not the only causes of engine misfire. But check the condition of plugs. There are two main
failure of spark plugs. First, fouled plugs around the electrodes and tip can result from lack of
heat to burn of the deposits of the timing point. Secondly, eroded plugs are caused by too much
The above literature discussed has a essential relationship with the present study because it
describe the one sources of frequent power interruption which is the failure of spark plugs.
Related Studies
A power outage can have many different causes extreme whether, human error, equipment
failure, supply/demand issues etc., hope owners and business need to prepare continuity planning
which should include a reliable power back up solution, data back up and recovery as well as
plan how to resume operation. Common technology applications for personal (eg. Computer
gaming consoles, etc.) And proffesional use (eg. Office it solutions), require a high level of
power quality to work properly-surge protection or an Uninterruptible Power Supply, can shield
this electronics and their data from these common event. (Schneider Electric, 2019)
The above mentioned study bears relativeness with the researcher's study for the reason that
it also deals with the effect of power outage or power interruption to everything that exist with
electricity and it is telling what we need to do to lessen the problems from it. Nevertheless, the
latter study is quite different with the current study since in the researcher's study it is only
focusing on the computers and business of the owners of computer shops. Extreme whether,
human error, equipment failure, supply/demand issues etc. is not involve in present study unlike
A power outage can do devastating damage to your computer if it is not protected properly.
The reason for the damage is usually not the fact that the computer does not receive any power
during an outage but rather the suddenness of the power outage and the potential power surges
associated with it. A schedule power outage for line maintenance for instance does not pose any
risk to your computer if you shut it down before the outage. (Botton, 2019)
The foregoing study speaks suitability with the present study since the latter study also
shows about the damage of power outage/interruption to a computer. However, the above study
is a bit different to the present study because it something stated that this problem doesn't pose
any risk to your computer if you shut it down before the outage while, researcher's study
illustrate the frequent power interruption that anyone can't be aware of.
Brownouts, whether intentional or unintentional, always have undesirable effect on various
electric appliances that are connected to the supply grid. These effects also vary from one device
to another some problems. Brownouts are insentences where in the voltage supply to our homes
takes a temporary dip whether intensional or unintensional, it always brings with it certain
undesirable and even harmful effects. However, now that you know what it is and what are its
sign you are in a much better position to handle a brownout situation and protect your valuable
The above indicated study holds a similarities with the current study for the reason that it
explicates the undesirable effect of brownouts that we must be prepared of. Yet, the above study
explains about the affected electric appliances even, present study only look on the effect of
Power outages frequently occur in the johannesburg area and can be of such a long duration
that a whole business day is lost. This has a significant impact on small businesses and can be
considered as a regular occurrence that needs to be dealt with in the running of a business.
Dealing with power outages adds to the running cost of a business. In shopping centers that
provide back-up power measures, the small business must pay more per month for this service. If
such as service is not provided, the business must spend money on buying a back-up power
source and also spend money on running and maintaining such back-up measure. Further cost to
a business may result from equipment damaged due to power surges and stock that needs to be
replaced. Not only does power outages increase the running cost of businesses but 42.6 per cent
recorded a reduction in income on days with power outages.(Schoeman & Saunders, 2018)
The article above demonstrate a comparison with the current study since it clarify the effect
of power outage/interruption. Someway, the above article has a little exception because it ,
defines a very broad area even researcher study has a narrow area.
A computer's core, it's central processing unit (CPU), naturally generates heat as it carries
out algorithms, as does the graphics processing unit (GPU), which typically handles 3D imaging
for display. Gaming can result on higher temperatures, especially as they often require GPUs to
carry out complicated calculation (in many instances the CPU) hard disk driver can also
contribute to heat generation, especially when copying large files. Similarly the optical disc
drive can generate large amount of heat when playing DVDs or CDs, both as if forces discs to
The above study conducted a similarity with the researcher's study because it describe a
parts of computers that using much of electricity and produce more heats. But, the above study
still have a difference with the present study forasmuch as it didn't professed about a power
and convert it into something that the computer can use. In principle this is a simple task, but in
practice it's rarely simple. The problem is that the coming electricity is in a constant state of flux.
It filled with power problems such a spikes, surges, sags, brown outs, and complete outages.
Digital electronics in contrast, must have a very clean and undisrupted even slightly the results
are usually a locked up computer or one that reboots at random. (Bogue, 2003)
The told study have a significant similarities with the present study because it explains a
problems that may encountered of power supply which is very important parts of computer
because it is the reason why the computer is working. However, the above study is differ from
current study in the way of it didn't tackles how can it affects in person's business instead it
A complete desktop uses an average of 200 watt hours (wh). This is the some of the average
consumption per hour of the computer itself (171 W) the internet modem (low), the printer (5W)
and the loudspeakers (20W). Assuming that a computer is on for eight hours a day, the annual
consumption comes to 600 KWh that corresponds to CO² emmisions of about 175 kg per year.
i.e. 1.75% of the average annual emission of a Belgian. A laptop uses considerably less between
50 and 100 Wh that it is on, depending on the model. If it is used for eight hours a day,
consumption therefore varies between 150 and 300 KWh/year that corresponds to CO² emissions
of between 44 and 88 kg per year (or between 0.44 and 0.88% of the average annual emission of
a Belgian). On stand-by the power consumption of both a desktop and a laptop computer falls to
about a third. Putting the monitor on stand-by reduces its consumption by 15%. If the monitor is
switched off completely then of course it does not use any power. Although the internet is a
virtual space, using it still requires power and results in CO² emissions.
(https://www.energuide.be/en/questions-answers/how-much-power-does-a-computer-use-and-
how-much-co2-does-that-represent/54/)
The said study has a similarity with the researcher's study because it says that computer and
laptop is using electricity and it describes how is the flow of electricity that used by the computer
and laptops per hour. Nevertheless, the latter study is different with the current study since it
didn't specified about power interruption instead, it only shows about the consumed electricity of
in Computer Shops
Frequent power interruption It may cause harmful effects or It can cause low income but
can distruct and ruin the good damage in the computers and higher charge of electricity
process of computers, it is not its parts in terms of it should be that's not healthy in one
good when doing important destroyed and will never work business.
computers.
The figure introduced described the effects of frequent power interruption in computer shop,
in the appliances inside it and in the process of business of the computer shop. (a.) The problem
has a software damage in computers. It can distruct and ruin the good process of computers, it is
not good when doing important documents. (b.) Frequent power interruption has a physical
damage in computers/appliances inside the computer shops. This may cause harmful effects or
damage in the computers and its parts, in terms of it should be destroyed and will never work
properly that can cause severe problems in processing of the computers. (c.) Researcher's
problem contain a difficulty in business owners of computer shops. Frequent power interruption
may cause low income but higher charge of electricity that's not healthy in one business.
Research Hypothesis
Specific problem:
Null hypothesis:
Operational definitions
Electricity - Electricity is a natural phenomenon that occurs throughout nature and takes many
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Computer - a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on
instructions provided.
Lightning - the flashing of light produced by a discharge of atmospheric electricity; also: the
Coals - a black or brownish-black solid combustible substance within the earth that is used as a
Conseptual definition
Electricity - refers the researcher as the important needs of computer shops in order to work all
Computer - used by the researcher as the one of the most affected appliances inside the
Lightning - specify by the researcher as the one of too many causes of frequent power
Interruption - used by the researcher as the problem on electricity that affects the operation of