Abel's Flash Point Apparatus.
Abel's Flash Point Apparatus.
Abel's Flash Point Apparatus.
AIM: To determine the flash point of diesel by Abel’s flash point apparatus.
THEORY:
The flash point can be used to determine the transportation and storage
temperature requirements for lubricants. Lubricant producers can also
use the flash point to detect potential product contamination. A
lubricant exhibiting a flash point significantly lower than normal will be
suspected of contamination with a volatile product. Products with a
flash point less than 38o C (100oF) will usually require special
precautions for safe handling. The fire point for a lubricant is usually 8
to 10 percent above the flash point. The flash point and fire point should
not be confused with the auto-ignition temperature of a lubricant, which
is the temperature at which a lubricant will ignite spontaneously without
an external ignition source.
Outline of the methods: The sample is placed in the cup of the Abel
apparatus and heated at a prescribed rate. A small test flame is directed
into the cup at regular intervals and the flash point is taken as the lowest
temperature at which application of the test flame will cause the vapor
above the sample to ignite with a distinct flash inside the cup.
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:
DESCRIPTION:
The Abel’s flash point apparatus is mainly used to determine the flash
point of fuel oils flashing between 22 0C to 49 0C. It consists of a sealed
water bath with a provision of an air chamber to hold the oil cup and
circulate cold water for below ambient determination and an external
heater for above ambient determinations. The oil cup is provided with a
lid and sliding ports for the introduction of test flame. Within the oil cup
a circular marking to indicate the level of oil to be taken for the test.
The whole arrangement is mounted on a cylindrical enclosed stand.
PROCEDURE:
1) Clean the oil cup with any solvent and wipe it dry.
2) Fill water into the water jacket to its full level and insert into the cylindrical
stand.
3) Pour water into the air chamber, which surrounds the oil cup to a depth of
38 mm.
4) Pour fuel oil to be tested into the oil cup up to the circular mark and
place the oil cup into the air chamber of the water bath.
o
The fire point of given oil is = C