A Detailed Lesson Plan

in
Science 8

I. Content Standard
 The one-way flow of energy and the cycling of materials in an ecosystem
II. Performance Standard
 Make a poster comparing food choices based on the trophic levels
III. Learning Competency
 Describe the transfer of energy through the trophic levels (S8LT-IVi- 22)
IV. Objectives:
Given the appropriate materials and information, the students are expected to:
A. define food chain;
B. describe the importance of the flow of energy in an ecosystem; and
C. appreciate the importance of energy among animals in an ecosystem.
V. Subject Matter:
A. Topic: Flow of Energy in an Ecosystem – Food Chain
B. Reference:
1. Science and Technology II, Biology textbook pp. 75
2. Zonia. M., et. al, Science and Technology, Biology pp. 66-67
3. John, R., et. al, Biology – Exploring Life Through Science pp. 415-417.
C. Methodologies:
1. Lecture
2. Discussion
3. Cooperative Learning
D. Skills to be developed:
1. Defining
2. Describing
3. Observing
4. Performing
5. Inferring
E. Valuing:
1. Explain the importance of acquiring energy by organisms.
2. Value the importance of food chain.
F. Materials:
1. Pictures
2. Illustrations
3. Power point (LCD)
G. Integration- T. V. E. (Crops and Animal Science): Examples of plants and animals found in the
farm)

VI. Learning Strategies:

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Daily Routine:
a. Customary Greetings

Good Morning Class! Good Morning Ma’am!

Before anything else, let us first stand

up and start our class with a prayer.

b. Checking of attendance

Who are absent today?

None Ma’am!
Very Good!
c. Classroom Rules/standards
Before we start our lesson for today,
what are the classroom rules and 1. Sit Properly
regulations? 2. Listen to teacher
3. Raise your right hand if you want to talk
in the class
4. Respect each other

B. Elicit:

Before we proceed to our new lesson let’s

have a simple review of our previous topic.

But first I will group you into two,

at my right side will be group one and at my left
will be group number two.

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 We will have the review in a form of a
game titled “Name that Animal and Plant”

What you are going to do is to identify

the following pictures of animal and plant found
in the farm that I will be showing you.

You must choose one representative from

each group to answer the question, each
representative is given 5 seconds to answer by
pressing the buzzer. Whoever is the first person
to press, he or she can already answer the
question.

The best group will be receiving a reward

later.

Is it clear class?

Now, choose another representative.

Congratulations to the winner!

Did you enjoy the game?

C. Explore: Yes sir!

To formally start our lesson we will have ( Student will perform)

another activity, I will give each group an
envelope, inside this envelope are cut out figures
of plants and animals found in the farm.

What you are going to do is to arrange these Yes sir!

figures as to eater and being eaten.

You are only given 30 seconds to do the

activity and then call for a representative to
present it in front and explain. Group leaders
please get your envelopes here.

You may now start

Let’s call for the representative of group

one to present their output and to be followed by
group two.

Nice presentation, let’s clap for

ourselves.

D. Explain:
Based from your activity, what
observations can you give in the eating process?

(Student will perform)

(Student will perform)

What do you think is the reason why

organisms need to feed on other organism?
Claire.

Precisely!

Organisms use energy and acquire this energy The eating process starts from the
from the food they eat. smallest and ends up to the biggest organism.
It starts with the plants and ends with a
Do you know this process in the ecosystem? decomposer.
Each organism feeds on other organism.
Very good! our topic for today is all about
FOOD CHAIN
Because organisms need food to acquire
E. Elaborate: energy.

What you did in your activity is an example

of a food chain,

I have here the common

definition for food chain.
Class will you read the definition.

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 Yes sir! It is called “FOOD CHAIN”!

Thank You!

For us to have a better understanding about

food chain in an ecosystem, today we will be having
an educational fieldtrip in the Animalandia, but
since we cannot have an actual field trip we will
just use our imagination.

Now, I want you to close your eyes. Slowly

close your eyes.
Food Chain is the transfer of food energy
Imagine that you are riding in a bus, from one organism to another organism with its
and you see different kinds of plants and animals sequence of eating and being eaten.
as we pass by, and suddenly we stop.

Ok this time, open your eyes slowly.

Welcome to “Animalandia”

What do you call the plants here in

Animalandia in relation to food chain?

That’s right! (Students will close their eyes)

What makes the plants as the producers?

Precisely!

Class will you read its definition. (Students will open their eyes)

Thank You!

All food chain begins with producers such as

plants that are commonly known as producers. They are called Producers sir.

How about the animals here in Animalandia,

what do we call them in the food chain?

That’s right!

Why do we call animals as consumers? Because they are capable of producing food
and energy for other organisms.

Very good!
Organisms that are capable of producing
food from simple inorganic materials.
HERBIVORES CARNIVORES OMNIVORES

Can they produce their own food?

Your right, animals cannot produce their own

food.
Consumers sir.
Class will you read the definition.

Thank you!

Consumers in the food chain are classified Because they are mainly dependent on
into three (3). plants and other organisms by consuming or
eating them.
(Teacher will post 3 words)

What description can you give to herbivores? No sir.

Very good!, or simply they are called the

primary consumer
Organisms that are dependent on eating
How about the carnivores? plants or by eating other animals to gain
energy.

Precisely! And the omnivore?

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 Prince.

That’s right! omnivores and carnivores are

also being referred to as secondary consumers Animals that eat plants only sir.
Then what do you call the tertiary
consumers, they are considered as the?

Precisely!

What did we form? Animals that eat meat or other animals

Yes! it is a pyramid. What do we call Animals that eat both plants and other
this pyramid? animals or meat of animals.

What did you notice in the different

levels in terms of their sizes?

Exactly! This shows the amount of energy

gained by each level. Predator sir.

Which level gets the highest energy and

the lowest energy?
A pyramid sir.
When an organism dies, its body will return
in nature through the help of minute organisms.

We call this organism as?

Precisely! The energy pyramid sir.

When do these organisms start to work?

The bottom is bigger than the others sir.

Class will you read its definition.

Which will use this nutrient?

The primary gets more energy and the tertiary
Precisely! It will serve as fertilizer for gets the lower energy.
the plants.

Can you now give an example of decomposers?

Very good!
Decomposers sir.
Based from our lesson, will you now define
Food chain?

The decomposers work on dead animals

Very good! and/or waste materials.

Organisms that breaks down dead body of

animals and waste materials into chemical parts
What about the producers, what do you call called nutrients
these organisms again?

The plants sir.

Using the figures here in Animalandia can

you show where the producers are?

These are the bacteria, fungi and some

Who will come here in front and show the worms sir.
producers.
That’s right

It is the transfer of energy from

How about the consumers, how will you producers to consumers and ends up with
describe them? decomposers.

That’s right

Will you name again the three

classifications of consumer?
These are organisms such as plants which
can make their own food through the process of
Again using the animals in our photosynthesis.
Animalandia, who will point out the first
consumer. (Student will perform)

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 How about the secondary consumer?

And the third consumer. These are organisms that are dependent on
plants or other animals by eating or consuming
And when these animals die what will them.
happen?
The first consumer, secondary consumer and
Precisely! the tertiary consumer.

So do we come up with a chain?

F. Valuing: (Student will perform)

Will you now give the importance of

acquiring energy by organisms?
(Student will perform)
That’s right!

We are now done discussing the food chain,

now do you have any question?

Now let us have another activity. Each

group will be given a task that shows the flow of
energy in an ecosystem.
Their body will decay through the help of
Group I- Role Play organisms called decomposers.
Group II- Poster
Group III- Puppet Show
Group IV- Dance Presentation Yes sir!

Rubrics:
1. Accuracy- 10
2. Completeness- 10
3. Creativity- 10 (Students answer may vary)

I will call each group to perform the

activity.

To test whether you really understand the None sir!

topic, let us have another activity.

IV. Evaluation: (The students will do the activity)

(Teacher will use power point)

Bring out ¼ sheet of paper and answer the

following. (Students will perform)
You are given 30 seconds to answer
each question and we will check immediately and we
proceed to the next.
Is it clear class?

Will you read the direction?

Kristine.

1. What do you call the process wherein

plants absorbed energy coming from the Direction:
sun? Read and analyze the given questions
a. Transpiration below. Choose the letter that corresponds to
b. Respiration your answer.
c. Photosynthesis
2. Which process illustrates the transfer
of energy from one organism to other
organism?
a. Respiration
b. Food chain
c. Transpiration
3. What do you call the organisms that can
manufacture their own food?
a. Producers
b. Consumers
c. Decomposers
4. Which of the following organisms feeds
on producers?
a. Decomposers
b. Consumers
c. Bacteria
5. Which of the following trophic levels
gets the least amount of energy?

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 a. Primary Consumers
b. Secondary Consumers
c. Tertiary Consumers

Count the total number of correct

answers of your seatmate.

Pass your papers towards the aisle then pass

it forward.

V. Agreement:

Bring out your assignment notebook and copy

the following.

Class will you read.

1. Read about the relationships

among organisms.
2. Give the five major relationships
between species.

Prepared by:

APPLE S. ARELLANO Reviewed by:

Teacher I
MARITESS D. CABUNGCAL
Master Teacher I Checked by:

JULIET V. RODAVIA
HEAD-Math-Sci Dept.