DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. A-50-year-old man has a history of (a) Acetylcholine (b) Citruline

frequent episodes of renal colic with high- (c) Isoproterenol (d) Nitroglycerin
calcium renal stones. The most useful
(e) Nitroprusside
agent in the treatment of recurrent
calcium stones is 6. The primary endogenous substrate for
(a) Mannitol (b) Furosemide nitric oxide synthase is
(c) Spironolactone (d) Hydrochlorothiazide (a) Acetylcholine (b) Angiotensinogen
(e) Acetazolamide (c) Arginine (d) Citruline
2. Which of the following drugs is correctly (e) Heme
associated with its site of action and
7. Which of the following is a recognized
maximal diuretic efficacy?
effect of nitric oxide?
(a) Thiazides–distal convoluted tubute–10% of
filtered Na+ (a) Arrhythmia
(b) Spironolactone–proximal convoluted tubule (b) Bronchoconstriction
–40% (c) Constipation
(c) Bumetanide–thick ascending limb–15% (d) Inhibition of acute graft rejection
(d) Metolazone–collecting tubule–2% (e) Pulmonary vasodilation
(e) All of the above
8. cAMP is an example of
3. Substance secreted into the blood by a
neuron is (a) Neurohormone (b) Neuromodulator
(a) Neurohormone (b) Neuromodulator (c) Neuromediator (d) Neurotransmitter
(c) Neuromediator (d) Neurotransmitter 9. One effect that theophylline, nitroglycerin,
4. Which of the following is a leukotriene isoproterenol, and histamine have in
receptor blocker? common is
(a) Alprostadil (b) Aspirin (a) Direct stimulation of cardiac contractile force
(c) Ibuprofen (d) LTC4 (b) Tachycardia
(e) Zafirlukast (c) Increased gastric acid secretion
5. A molecule that stimulates nitric oxide (d) Postural hypotension
synthase, especially the eNOS isoform, is (e) Throbbing headache
30 MCQs IN PHARMACOLOGY

10. Which one of the following chemicals 16. Suramin is an antagonists of ________
does not satisfy the criteria for a receptors
neurotransmitter role in the CNS? (a) Purine (b) Somatostanin
(a) Acetylcholine (b) Dopamine (c) Neuropeptide Y (d) Neurotensin
(c) Glycine (d) Nitric Oxide
17. Which one of the following statements
(e) Substance P
best describes the mechanism of action
11. Neurotransmitters may of benzodiazepines?
(a) Increase chloride conductance to cause (a) Benzodiazepines activate GABAB receptors
inhibition in the spinal cord
(b) Increase potassium conductance to cause (b) Their inhibition of GABA transminase leads
excitation to increased levels of GABA
(c) Increse sodium conductance to cause (c) Benzodiazepines block glutamate receptors
inhibition in hierarchical neuronal pathways in the
(d) Increase calcium conductance to cause brain
inhibition (d) They increase the frequency of opening of
(e) Exert all of the above actions chloride ion channels that are coupled to
GABAA receptors
12. Which of the following chemicals is most (e) They are direct-acting GABA receptor
likely to function as a neurotransmitter agonists in the CNS
in hierarchical systems?
18. Which one of the following statements
(a) Dopamine (b) Glutamate
about the use of triazolam in this elderly
(c) Metenkephalin (d) Norepinephrine patient is accurate?
(e) Serotonin
(a) Ambulatory dysfunction does not occur in
13. Activation of metabotropic receptors elderly patients taking one-half of the
located presynaptically causes inhibition conventional adult dose
by decreasing the inward flux of (b) Hypertension is a common adverse effects
(a) Calcium (b) Chloride of benzodiazepines in patients over 70 years
of age
(c) Potassium (d) Sodium
(c) Over-the-counter cold medications may
(e) None of the above
antagonize the hypnotic effects of the drug
14. This compound decrease the functional
activities of several CNS neurotransmit- (d) She may experience amnesia, especially if
ters, including dopamine, norepineph- she also drinks alcoholic beverages
rine, and serotonin. At high doses it may (e) Triazolam is distinctive in that it does not
cause parkinsonism-like extrapyramidal cause rebound insomnia on abrupt
system dysfunction. discontinuance
(a) Amphetamine (b) Baclofen
19. The most likely explanation for the
(c) Diazepam (d) Ketamine increased sensitivity of elderly patients
(e) Reserpine to a single dose of triazolam and other
15. This amine neurotransmitter is found in sedative-hypnotic drugs is
high concentration in cell bodies in the (a) Changes in brain function that accompany
pons and brain stem; at some sites, the aging process
release of transmitter is autoregulated via (b) Decreased renal function
presynaptic inhibition. (c) Increased cerebral blood flow
(a) Acetylcholine (b) Dopamine (d) Decreased hepatic metabolism of lipid-
(c) Glutamate (d) Norepinephrine soluble drugs
(e) Substance P (e) Changes in plasma protein binding
DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 31

20. Induction of various forms of synaptic (a) Additive CNS depression

plasticity is more closely associated with (b) Antagonism of sedative or hypnotic actions
______ receptors (c) Competition for plasma protein binding
(a) AMPA (b) Kainate (d) Induction of liver drug-metabolizing enzymes
(c) NMDA (d) All of the above (e) Inhibition of liver drug-metabolizing enzymes
21. Which one of the following drugs may 26. A 42-year-old man with a history of
increase anticoagulant effects by alcoholism is brought to the emergency
displacement of warfarin from plasma
room in a confused and delirious state. He
protein binding sites and is inactive until
has truncal ataxia and ophthalmoplegia.
converted in the body to an active
The most appropriate immediate course of
metabolite?
action is to administer.
(a) Buspirone (b) Chloral hydrate
(a) Chlordiazepoxide (b) Disulfiram
(c) Clorazepate (d) Secobarbital
(c) Folic acid (d) Lorazepam
(e) Zaleplon
(e) Thiamine
22. Which one of the following drugs has
27. Which one of the following statements
been used in the management of alcohol
withdrawal states and in maintenance about the bio-disposition of ethanol is
treatment of patient with tonic-clonic or accurate?
partial seizure states? Its chronic use may (a) Ethanol is absorbed at all levels of the
lead to an increased metabolism of gastrointestinal tract
warfarin and phenytoin. (b) Acetic acid is the initial product of ethanol
(a) Chlordiazepoxide (b) Meprobamate metabolism
(c) Phenobarbital (d) Triazolam (c) After an intravenous dose, plasma levels of
(e) Zolpidem ethanol are lower in women than in men
(d) The elimination of ethanol follows first-order
23. A 40-year-old patient with liver
kinetics
dysfunction is scheduled for a surgical
procedure. Lorazepam can be used for (e) Alcohol dehydrogenase exhibits genetic
preanesthetic sedation in this patient variability
without concern for excessive CNS
28. Following is GABAA agonist
depression because the drug is
(a) Muscimol (b) Baclofen
(a) A selective anxiolytic like buspirone
(c) Bicuculline (d) None of the above
(b) Actively secreted in the renal proximal tubule
(c) Conjugated extrahepatically 29. Chronic use of ethanol is reported to
(d) Eliminated via the lungs increase
(e) Reversible by administration of naloxone (a) Alcohol dehydrogenase
24. This hypnotic drug facilitates the (b) Aldehyde dehydrogenase
inhibitory actions of GABA, but it lacks (c) Microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system activity
anticonvulsant or muscle relaxing (d) Monoamine oxidase
properties and has minimal effect on (e) NADH dehydrogenase
sleep architecture.
(a) Buspirone (b) Diazepam 30. The chronic abuse of alcohol predisposes
to hepatic damage following overdose of
(c) Flurazepam (d) Phenobarbital
acetaminophen because ethanol
(e) Zaleplon
(a) Blocks acetaminophen metabolism
25. The most frequent type of drug interaction (b) Causes thiamine deficiency
that occurs in patients using drugs of the
(c) Displaces acetaminophen from plasma
sedative hypnotic class is
proteins
32 MCQs IN PHARMACOLOGY

(d) Induces liver drug-metabolizing enzymes 36. Withdrawal of antiseizure drugs can
(e) Inhibits renal clearance of acetaminophen cause increased seizure frequency and
severity. Withdrawal is least likely to be
31. The activity of this enzyme is specifically
a problem with
decreased in the Wernicke-Korsakoff
syndrome (a) Clonazepam (b) Diazepam

(a) Alcohol dehydrogenase (c) Ethosuximide (d) Phenobarbital

(e) Phenytoin
(b) Cytochrome P450
(c) L-Aromatic amino acid decarboxylase 37. A young femal patient who suffers from
(d) NADH dehydrogenase bipolar affective disorder (BAD) has been
(e) Pyruvate dehydrogenase managed with lithium. If she becomes
pregnant, which one of the following
32. Following is glycine antagonists drugs is likely to be effective in bipolar
(a) Quisqualate (b) Taurine affective disorder with minimal risk of
(c) Strychnine (d) â-alanine teratogenicity?
(a) Carbamazepine (b) Clonazepam
33. Which one of the following statements
concerning the pharmacokinetics of (c) Phenytoin (d) Valproic acid
antiseizure drugs is accurate? (e) None of the above
(a) At high doses, phenytoin elimination follows 38. The most likely mechanism involved in
first-order kinetics the antiseizure activity of carbamazepine
(b) Valporic acid may increase the activity of is
hepatic ALA synthase and the synthesis of (a) Block of sodium ion channels
porphyrins
(b) Block of calcium ion channels
(c) The administration of phenytoin to patients
(c) Facilitation of GABA actions on chloride ion
in methadone maintenance programs has led
to symptoms of opioid overdose, including channels
respiratory depression (d) Glutamate receptor antagonism
(d) Although ethosuximide has a half-life of (e) Inhibition of GABA transaminase
approximately 40 hours, the drug is usually 39. Which one of the following statements
taken twice a day
about phenytoin is accurate?
(e) Treatment with vigabatrin may reduce the
effectiveness of oral contraceptives (a) Displaces sulfonamides from plasma proteins
(b) Drug of choice in myoclonic seizures
34. With chronic use in seizure states, the
(c) Half-life is increased if used with pheno-
adverse effects of this drug include
barbital
coarsening of facial features, hirsutism,
gingival hyperplasia, and osteomalacia. (d) Isoniazid (INH) decreases steady state blood
levels of phenytoin
(a) Carbamazepine (b) Ethosuximide
(e) Toxicity may occur with only small increments
(c) Gabapentin (d) Phenytoin
in dose
(e) Valproic acid
40. Which one of the following statements
35. Which one of the following statements concerning nitrous oxide is accurate?
about vigabatrin is accurate?
(a) It continues to be a useful component of
(a) Blocks neuronal reuptake of GABA anesthesia protocols because of its lack of
(b) Drug of choice in absence seizures cardiovascular depression
(c) Is established to be teratogenic in humans (b) Megaloblastic anemia is a common adverse
(d) Life-threatening skin disorders may occur effect in patients exposed to nitrous oxide
(e) Visual field defects occur in up to one-third for periods longer than 2 hours
of patients (c) It is the most potent of the inhaled
DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 33

anaesthetics receive other anaesthetics

(d) There is a direct association between the use (a) Enflurane (b) Ketamine
of nitrous oxide and malignant hyperthermia (c) Morphine (d) Propofol
(e) More than 30% of nitrous oxide is eliminated (e) Remifentanil
via hepatic metabolism
48. The pKa of lidocaine is 7.9. In infected
41. Following is GABAB agonist tissue at pH 6.9, the fraction in the ionized
(a) Muscimol (b) Baclofen form will be
(c) Picrotoxin (d) Bicuculline (a) 1% (b) 10%
42. Following is GABAA antagonist (c) 50% (d) 90%
(e) 99%
(a) Muscimol (b) Bicuculline
(c) Strychnine (d) Baclofen 49. Which of the following statements about
nerve blockade with local anaesthetics
43. The inhalation anesthetic with the fastest
is most correct?
onset of action is
(a) Block is faster in onset in infected tissues
(a) Enflurane (b) Isoflurane
(b) Block is faster in onset in unmyelinated fibers
(c) Nitric oxide (d) Nitrogen dioxide
(c) Block is slower in onset in hypocalcemia
(e) Nitrous oxide
(d) Block is faster in onset in hyperkalemia
44. An intravenous bolus dose of thiopental (e) Block is slower in onset in the periphery of a
usually leads to loss of onsciousness nerve bundle than in the center of a bundle
within 10–15 seconds. If no further drugs
are administered, the patient will regain 50. Which of the following was the first com-
consciousness in just a few minutes. The pound to be identified Pharmacologically
reason for this, that thiopental is as a transmitter in the CNS ?
(a) A good substrate for renal tubular secretion (a) Glycine (b) Glutamate
(b) Exhaled rapidly (c) Acetulcholine (d) Norepinephrine
(c) Rapidly metabolized by hepatic enzymes 51. You have a vial containing 4 mL of a 2%
(d) Redistributed from brain to other body tissues solution of lidocaine. How much lidocaine
(e) Secreted in the bile is present in 1 mL?

45. Respiratory depression following use of (a) 2 mg (b) 8 mg

this agent may be reversed by adminis- (c) 20 mg (d) 80 mg
tration of flumazenil (e) 200 mg
(a) Desflurane (b) Fentanyl 52. Which one of the following statements
(c) Ketamine (d) Midazolam about the toxicity of local anaesthetics is
(e) Propofol most correct?

46. Use of this agent is associated with a high (a) Serious cardiovascular reactions are more likely
incidence of disorientation, sensory and to occur with tetracaine than with bupivacaine
perceptual illusions, and vivid dreams (b) Cyanosis may occur following injection of
during recovery from anesthesia large doses of lidocaine, especially in
patients with pulmonary disease
(a) Diazepam (b) Fentanyl
(c) Intravenous injection of local anaesthetics may
(c) Ketamine (d) Midazolam
stimulate ectopic cardiac pacemaker activity
(e) Thiopental
(d) In overdosage, hyper ventilation (with
47. Postoperative vomiting is uncommon oxygen) is helpful to correct acidosis and
with this intravenous agent; patients are lower extracellular potassium
able to ambulate sooner than those who (e) Most local anaesthetics cause vasoconstriction
34 MCQs IN PHARMACOLOGY

53. Epinephrine added to a solution of (a) Diazepam (b) Pancuronium

lidocaine for a peripheral nerve block will (c) Tizanidine (d) Tubocurarine
(a) Increase the risk of convulsions (e) Vecuronium
(b) Increase the duration of anesthetic action of 60. Which one of the following drugs has
the local anesthetic caused hyperkalemia leading to cardiac
(c) Both (A) and (B) arrest in patients with neurologic
(d) Neither (A) nor (B) disorders?
(e) None of the above (a) Baclofen (b) Dantrolene
54. A child requires multiple minor surgical (c) Succinylcholine (d) Tubocurarine
procedures in the nasopharynx. Which (e) Vecuronium
of the following drugs has high surface 61. Following is an excitatory amino acid
activity and vasoconstrictor actions that receptor antagonist?
reduce bleeding in mucous membrane?
(a) Phencyclidine (b) Quisqualate
(a) Benzocaine (b) Bupivacaine
(c) Homocysteate (d) Kainate
(c) Cocaine (d) Lidocaine
62. Which one of the following drugs has
(e) Procaine
spasmolytic activity and could also be
55. Characteristics of nondepolarizing used in the management of seizures
neuromuscular blockade include which caused by overdose of a local anesthetic?
one of the following? (a) Baclofen (b) Cyclobenzaprine
(a) Block of posttetanic potentiation (c) Dantrolene (d) Diazepam
(b) Histamine blocking action (e) Tizanidine
(c) Poorly sustained titanic tension 63. Which one of the following drugs given
(d) Significant muscle fasciculations during onset preoperatively will prevent postoperative
of block pain caused by succinylcholine?
(e) Stimulation of autonomic ganglia (a) Baclofen (b) Dantrolene
56. Which of the following does not cause (c) Diazepam (d) Lidocaine
skeletal muscle contactions or twitching? (e) Tubocurarine
(a) Acetylcholine (b) Nicotine 64. As the physician, you could tell the patient
(c) Strychnine (d) Succinylcholine (and close family members) all of the
(e) Vecuronium following things about levodopa except?
57. Which one of the following is most (a) Taking the drug in divided doses will
effective in the management of malignant decrease nausea and vomiting
hyperthermia? (b) He should be careful when he stands up
because he may get dizzy
(a) Baclofen (b) Dantrolene
(c) Uncontrollable muscle jerks may occur
(c) Haloperidol (d) Succinylcholine
(d) A net-like reddish to blue discoloration of
(e) Vecuronium
the skin is a likely side effect of the medication
58. Following is a G-protein coupled receptor (e) The drug will probably improve his symptoms
(a) AMPA (b) Kainate for a period of time but not indefinitely
(c) NMDA (d) Metabotropic 65. As the physician who is prescribing
levodopa, you will note that the drug
59. Which one of the following drugs is most
often associated with hypotension caused (a) Causes less severe behavioral side effects if
by histamine release? given with carbidopa
DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 35

(b) Fluctuates in its effectiveness with increasing (c) The primar y therapeutic benefit of
frequency as treatment continues antimuscarinic drugs in parkinsonism is their
(c) Prevents extrapyramidal adverse effects of ability to reliever bradykinesia
antipsychotic drugs (d) Dopamine receptor against should not be
(d) Protects against cancer in patients with used in Parkinson’s disease prior to a trial of
melanoma levodopa
(e) Has toxic effects that include pulmonary (e) The concomitant use of selegiline may
infiltrates increase the peripheral adverse effects of
levodopa
66. The major reason why carbidopa is of
value in parkinsonism is that the 70. A previously healthy 50-year-old woman
compound begins to suffer from slowed mentation
(a) Crosses the blood-brain barrier and develops writhing movement of her
tongue and hands. In addition, she has
(b) Inhibits monoamine oxidase type A
delusions of being persecuted. The
(c) Inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase woman has no past history of psychiatric
(d) Is converted to the false neurotransmitter or neurologic disorders. The most
carbidopamine appropriate drug for treatment is
(e) Inhibits monoamine oxidase type B (a) Amantadine (b) Bromocriptine
67. Which one of the following statements (c) Haloperidol (d) Levodopa
about bromocriptine is accurate? (e) Trihexyphenidyl
(a) It should not be administered to patients
71. Great caution must be exercised in the
taking antimuscarinic drugs
use of this drug (or drugs from the same
(b) Effectiveness in Parkinson’s disease requires class) in parkinsonian patients who have
its metabolic conversion to an active prostatic hypertrophy or obstructive
metabolite gastrointestinal disease
(c) The drug is contraindicated in patients with
(a) Benztropine (b) Carbidopa
a history of psychosis
(c) Levodopa (d) Ropinirole
(d) The drug should not be administered to
patients already taking levodopa (e) Selegiline
(e) Mental disturbances occur more commonly 72. Which of the following statements about
with levodopa than with bromocriptine pramipexole is accurate?
68. A 72-year-old patient with parkinsonism (a) Activates dopamine D2 receptors
presents with swollen feet. They are red, (b) Commonly a first-line therapy for Parkinson’s
tender, and very painful. You could clear disease
up these symptoms within a few days if (c) May cause postural hypotension
you told the patient to stop taking
(d) Not an ergot derivative
(a) Amantadine (b) Benztropine
(e) All of the above
(c) Bromocriptine (d) Levodopa
73. Tolcapone may be of value in patient
(e) Selegiline
being treated with levodopa–carbidopa
69. Concerning the drugs used in because it
parkinsonism, which of the following (a) Activates catechol – O – methyltransferease
statements is accurate?
(b) Decreases formation of 3 – O – methyldopa
(a) Levodopa causes mydriasis and can
(c) Inhibits monoamine oxidase type B
precipitate an attack of acute glaucoma
(d) Inhibits dopamine reuptake
(b) Useful therapeutic effects of amantadine
continue for several years (e) Releases dopamine from nerve endings
36 MCQs IN PHARMACOLOGY

74. Concerning hypotheses for the patho- (c) Give oral diphenydramine
physiologic basis of schizophrenia, which (d) Switch the patient to fluphenazine
one of the following statements is accu- (e) Inject benztropine
rate?
(a) Positron emission tomography has shown 78. Which one of the following statements
decreased dopamine receptors in the brains about the action of phenothiazines is
of both untreated and drug-treated accurate?
schizophrenics (a) They activate muscarinic receptors
(b) Drugs that block dopamine receptors are (b) They are antiemetic
useful for alleviating psychotic symptoms in (c) They decrease serum prolactin levels
parkinsoniam patients
(d) They elevate the seizure threshold
(c) The clinical potency of many antipsychotic
(e) They raise blood pressure
drugs correlates well with their beta
adrenoceptor-blocking actions 79. Within days of starting haloperidol treat-
(d) Drug-induced psychosis can occur without ment for a psychatric disorder, a young
activation of brain dopamine receptors male patient developed severe general-
(e) All effective antipsychotic drugs have high ized muscle rigidity and a high fever. In
affinity for dopamine D2 receptors the emergency room he was incoherent,
with increased heart rate, hypotension,
75. Choose the correct statement from the
and diaphoresis, Laboratory studies in-
following? dicated acidosis, leukocytosis, and in-
(a) Muscimol is GABAB selective creased creatine kinase. The most likely
(b) Bicuculline is GABAA agonist reason for these symptoms is that the pa-
(c) Picrotoxin blocks chloride channels tient was suffering from
associated with GABAA receptors (a) Agranulocytosis
(d) Baclofen is GABAA agonist (b) A severe bacterial infection
76. A 30-year-old male patient is on drug (c) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
therapy for a psychiatric problem. He (d) Spastic retrocollis
complains that he feels “flat” and that (e) Tardive dyskinesia
he gets confused at times. He has been
gaining weight and has lost his sex drive. 80. Following is the main inhibitor y
As he moves his had, you notice a slight transmitter in the brain
tremor. He tells you that since he has been (a) Dopamine (b) Norepinephrine
on medication he is always thirsty and (c) Glycine (d) GABA
frequently has to urinate. The drug he is
most likely to be taking is 81. Concerning the proposed mechanisms of
(a) Clonazepam (b) Clozapine action of antidepressant drugs, which one
of the following statements is accurate?
(c) Haloperidol (d) Lithium
(e) Trifluoperazine (a) Bupropion is an effective inhibitor of NE and
5-HT transporters
77. A young male patient diagnosed as (b) Chronic treatment with an antidepressant often
schizophrenic develops severe muscle leads to the up-regulation of adrenoceptors
cramps with torticollis a short time after
(c) Elevation in amine metabolites in cere-
drug therapy is intiated with haloperidol.
brospinal fluid is characteristic of most
The best course of action would be to
depressed patients prior to drug therapy
(a) Add clozapine to the drug regimen
(d) MAO inhibitors used as antidepressants
(b) Discontinue haloperidol and observe the selectively decrease the metabolism of
patient norepinephrine
DRUGS ACTING ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 37

(e) The acute effect of most tricyclics is to block 87. Established clinical uses of this drug
the neuronal reuptake of both norepinephrine include enuresis and chronic pain
and serotonin in the CNS (a) Bupropion (b) Fluvoxamine
82. Which one of the following effects is (c) Imipramine (d) Phenelzine
unlikely to occur during treatment with (e) Selegiline
amitriptyline?
88. Which one of the following drugs is most
(a) Alpha adrenoceptor blockade likely to increase plasma levels of
(b) Elevation of the seizure threshold alprazolam, the ophyline, and warfarin
(c) Mydriasis (a) Desipramine (b) Fluvoxamine
(d) Sedation (c) Imipramine (d) Nefazodone
(e) Urinary retention (e) Venlafaxine
83. A 54-year-old male patient was using 89. Which one of the following actions of
fluoxetine for depression but decided to opioid analgesics is mediated via
stop taking the drug. When questioned, activation of kappa receptors?
he said that it affected his sexual (a) Cerebral Vascular dilation
performance and that “he wasn’t getting
(b) Decreased uterine tone
any younger.” You notice that he is a used
of tobacco products. If you decide to (c) Euphoria
reinstitute drug therapy in this patient, (d) Sedation
the best choice would be (e) Psychologic dependence
(a) Amoxapine (b) Bupropion 90. ______ antagonists are known to
(c) Imipramine (d) Sertraline attenuate some of the actions of alcohol.
(e) Venlafaxine (a) GABAA (b) GABAB
84. Regarding maprotiline, which one of the (c) NMDA (d) Glycine
following statements is accurate? 91. Which one of the following statements
(a) Blocks serotonin reuptake selectively about propoxyphene is accurate?
(b) Cause hypertension (a) Analgesia equivalent to oxycodone
(c) Raises the seizure threshold (b) Antagonist at mu receptors
(d) Sedation occurs commonly (c) Causes dose-limiting diarrhea
(e) Has a tricyclic structure (d) Highly effective cough suppressant
85. Which one of the following drugs is most (e) Seizures have occurred in overdose
likely to be of value in obsessive 92. A young male patient is brought to the
compulsive disorders (OCD)? emergency room of a hospital suffering
(a) Amitriptyline (b) Bupropion from an overdose of cocaine following
(c) Clomipramine (d) Desipramine intravenous administration. His symp-
toms are unlikely to include
(e) Mirtazapine
(a) Agitation (b) Bradycardia
86. Compared with other antidepressant
(c) Hyperthermia (d) Myocardial infarct
drugs, mirtazapine has the distinctive
(e) Seizures
ability to act as an antagonist of
(a) Alpha2 adrenoceptors 93. Which one of the following statements
(b) Beta adrenoceptors about hallucinogens is accurate?
(c) D2 receptors (a) Mescaline and related hallucinogens are
(d) NE transporters thought to exert their CNS actions through
dopaminergic systems in the brain
(e) 5-HT transporters
38 MCQs IN PHARMACOLOGY

(b) Teratogenic effects are known to occur with (c) Hyperuricemia

the use of LSD during pregnancy (d) Liver damage
(c) Scopolamine is unique among hallucinogens (e) Severe cardiac arrhythmia
in that animals will self-administer it
98. Alcohol drinking is associated with which
(d) Dilated pupils, tachycardia, tremor and
of the following changes in serum lipid
increased alertness are characteristic effects
concentrations?
of psilocybin
(e) Phencyclidine can be anticipated to cause (a) Decreased HDL cholesterol
dry mouth and urinary retention (b) Decreased IDL cholesterol
94. Which one of the following signs or symp- (c) Decreased VLDL cholesterol
toms is likely to occur with marijuana? (d) Increased LDL cholesterol
(e) Increased triglyceride
(a) Bradycardia
(b) Conjunctival reddening 99. A patient suffering from a depressive
(c) Hypertension disorder is being treted with imipramine.
(d) Increased psychomotor performance If he uses diphenhydramine for allergic
rhinitis, a drug interaction is likely to
(e) Mydriasis
occur because
95. This agent has sedative and amnestic (a) Diphehydramine inhibits imipramine
properties. Small doses added to metabolism
alcoholic beverages are not readily (b) Both drugs block reuptake of norepinephrine
detected by taste and have been used in released from sympathetic nerve endings
“date rape ” attacks. The drug is
(c) Imipramine inhibits the metabolism of
chemically related to a brain inhibitory
diphenydramine
neurotransmitter. Which one of the
following most closely resembles the (d) Both drugs block muscarinic receptors
description given? (e) The drugs compete with each other for renal
elimination
(a) Amyl nitrite
(b) Flunitrazepam 100. If phenelzine is administered to a patient
(c) Gamma-hydroxybutyrate taking fluoxetine, the most likely result
is
(d) Hashish
(e) Metcathinone (a) Antagonism of the antidepressant action of
fluoxetine
96. The patient is started on gemfibrozil. The
(b) A decrease in the plasma levels of fluoxetine
major mechanism of action of gemfibrozil
(c) Hypertensive crisis
is
(d) Priapism
(a) Increased excretion of bile acid salts
(e) Agitation, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia,
(b) Increased expression of high-affinity LDL seizures
receptors
(c) Increased lipid hydrolysis by lipoprotein
lipase
(d) Inhibition of secretion of VLDL by the liver
(e) Reduction of secretion of HDL by the liver
97. When used as monotherapy, a major
toxicity of gemfibrozil is increased risk of
(a) Bloating and constipation
(b) Cholelithiasis