Journal

Journalof
ofPsychology
Psychologyand
andInstruction
Instruction Undiksha
UndikshaPress
Press
Volume 1(1)June
Volume1(2) 2017.
February pp. 106-114
2017. pp. 1-10 ISSN:
ISSN:2549-4589
2549-4589
http://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JoPaI/
http://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JoPaI/

Developing Balinese Local Culture Based English E-Media to

Support the Implementation of Curriculum 2013 for the First
Semester of Grade VII Junior High School
Apsari, Ni Luh Putu Maya
Ganesha University of Education
[email protected]

Abstract
This design and development research aimed at designing and developing a culture-based English e-media to support the
implementation of curriculum 2013 for the first semester of grade VII of junior high schools in Buleleng sub-district. This
research focused on developing e-media that is integrated with Balinese culture. The object of this research was culture-
based English e-media that was developed by using Adobe Flash CS6 program. The source of data was taken from the need
analysis conducted by Dewi and Batan (2015), related literatures on developing the e-media, and the result of expert
judgement. The data were analysed descriptively both qualitatively and quantitatively. This research was designed based on
the adaptation of puffers et al.’s model (2007) that consisted of six phases namely: (1) identifying the problem, (2) describing
the objective, (3) designing and developing the product, (4) testing the product by using expert judgement, (5) evaluating the
testing result, and (6) communicating the testing result. The result of experts’ judgement score showed that the total mean
score 3.8 which means the e-media had a good quality and it can be used in teaching and learning English for the first
semester of grade VII of junior high schools in Buleleng.

Keywords: e-media, culture-based, balinese culture

Introduction
Character education of a nation is the school effort which is done by the teacher and
school principal. They do in the lesson and activities outside the lesson in developing
character, behavior, moral, and personality of the learners through internalization some virtue
that is believed and used by the learners as the basic on the way of view, thinking, behaving,
and acting reflecting culture and character. Those are explained in Balitbang National
Ministry of Education. It is also stated that character education has function as potential
development of the learners become a good behavior for the learners. Character education
also has a function in repairing and supporting the national education to be responsible in
potential development of better learners. Other significant of that is as filter of cultures of
other nation which inappropriate with the nation values and character. Character education is
really important in the development of curriculum 2013. It becomes the focus as the goal of
curriculum 2013. Curriculum 2013 deserves curriculum which improve the students character
to behave well.
Based on the interview, students especially junior high school students are more
interested with video rather than picture. Arsyad (2011) states that one function of media is to
make the students interested in the material. So, the students would give attention on the
material. Animation is can be formed as video that is made based on the material Animation
in multimedia is said to be beneficial to learning especially when the learning material
demands visual movements (Rias et al. 2011).
Utilizing technology should be the best way of teaching English as Foreign language.
Based on the interview with Tina Resdiana, S.Pd, one of the teachers SMP Negeri 2
Singaraja, the use of media in teaching and learning process is very important. It encourages
and helps students in understanding the materials. It also creates fun learning environment in
the classroom. Thus, technology should be form as teaching and learning media. There are
two kinds of media such as electronic media and conventional media. Technology is included
in electronic media (e-media). Mclanahan et. al. (2008) in their book entitled “Children and
Journal of Psychology and Instruction 1
Electronic Media” state that media technology is an integral part of children’s lives in the
twenty-first century. From their result of research, it is important to get students attention
through electronic media (e-media).
Visual learning can be easier to understand and deal with their learning (Baharul et.al.
2014). Visual images of animation video can help to convey meaning (Devi, 2014). She also
stated that visual images of animation can help the students to understand and tell the
meaning of the visual images of animation. The students get the meaning easily because of
the animation. In a video there are some actions which help the learner to construct their
understanding of the message of the expression that is shown. The learner easily get the
meaning of the language used by shown picture and heard the right pronunciations with good
tone.
From the explanation about the importance of e-media in teaching and learning
process, this study would design and develop suitable culture based English e-media to
promote character education of curriculum 2013. The e-media is integrated with Balinese
local culture.

Methods
This study was conducted in junior high schools in Buleleng Sub district. There were
9 junior high schools. Those schools were SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja, SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja,
SMP Negeri 3 Singaraja, SMP Negeri 4 Singaraja, SMP Negeri 5 Singaraja, SMP Negeri 6
Singaraja, SMP Negeri 7 Singaraja, SMP Laboratorium UNDIKSHA, and SMP Mutiara
Singaraja.
The subjects of this study were the English teachers and the first semester of seventh
grade students in Buleleng Sub district. The object of this study was English learning media
for the first semester of seventh grade students of junior high school which were based on
local culture in order to support the development of the character education.
This research was classified as a research and development research in which could
be defined as research method used to establish a certain product and test the quality of its
effectiveness. Research and development research is the systematic study of design,
development and evaluation process with the goal to establish an empirical basis for the
creation of instructional and non-instructional products (Sugiyono, 2013). This research was
developed by using the design based on a model proposed by Peffers et al. (2007). This
design consist of six phase.
Identify the problem
Define the specific research problem and determine the value of a solution (Peffers,
2007). Because the problem definition was used to develop an artifact that can provide a
solution, it may be beneficial to atomize the problem conceptually so that the solution can
capture its complexity. Identifying the problem was conducted by collecting document and
interview. Based on the interview from teachers of grade VII of junior high school in
Buleleng, media was very important to support the teaching and learning process. Since this
was for young learner, e-media was better. E-media contains visual animation that can attract
students’ attention. But the problem was the school did not provide tools to support the
implementation of e-media. The teachers’ knowledge about implementing e-media was also
limited. They also believed that integrating culture in the media was beneficial for the
students. It could be the form of culture heritage to build better character on the students
because culture contains many good moral values. One way to integrate culture in the
teaching and learning process is by using e-media. That is why it is needed to develop a
culture-based e-media for the second semester of grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng.

Journal of Psychology and Instruction 2

Describe the objectives
Describe the objective was conducted after identifying the problem. The objective of
this research is to develop culture-based English e-media to support the implementation of
curriculum 2013 for the second semester of grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng.
Design and develop the artifact
Create the artifact based on the objectives. The artifact of this study was culture-based
English e-media for the second semester of grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng. The
e-media was developed by using adobe flash program. The design and development of the
artifact was based on the need analysis. In designing phase, need analysis is used to get the
information of what kind of media is expected to support the implementation of curriculum
2013 and character building. The analysis of learning sources is also conducted in order to
know the appropriate and the relevance of the design and development of culture-based
English e-media to support the implementation of curriculum 2013 for the second semester of
grade VII of juior high school in Buleleng.
Test the artifact
After design and develop the artifact, the researcher tested the e-media through expert
judgement. The e-media was tested by experts in order to get their opinion, assessment,
correction, advice and input regarding to the content and the quality of the e-media.
Evaluate the testing result
Evaluation was conducted after testing the artifact. Evaluating the e-media by the
experts was to improve the quality of the e-media.
Communicate the testing result
The last step was communicate the testing result in the form of written and
presentation. The communication was conducted at the time the research was defended in
front of judges.
There were several instruments in collecting the data for this research such as
document, field note, and expert judgment form. There were several steps in procedure of
data collection in this study for need analysis and the validation of the product from expert of
ELT, ICT and the expert on social and culture studies.
Creating the product
After conducting FGD with the teachers in 11 junior high schools in Buleleng Sub
district, data was analyzed by researcher. In creating the product, researcher used the result of
need analysis as the guideline. The result of need analysis helped researcher to create
appropriate product.
Validating the product of the research by experts of learning media.
Developed culture-based learning media was validated by expert on English
Language Teaching, expert on multimedia design, and expert on socio-cultural studies in
order to make the product more reliable and valid. The researcher evaluated the product by
using field note as the instrument. The evaluation were processed in qualitative analysis.

Findings and Discussions

Findings
The purpose of this study was to support the development of Balinese local culture
based e-media of English language instruction to support the implementation of Curriculum
2013 for the first semester grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng Sub district. The
finding of this research will be discussed below.
Identifying the problem
The researcher identified the problem of English learning media that existed in junior
high school especially in Buleleng sub-district. In identifying the problem, English teachers
Journal of Psychology and Instruction 3
in 9 junior high schools in Buleleng sub-district had been interviewed though the distribution
of teachers questionnaire and students’ questionnaire, and got relevancy validation from the
socio cultural experts. Those were used by the researcher to design and develop the product.
Designing and Developing the Product
Syllabus Analysis
The researcher needed to know the basic requirement that should be achieved by the
junior high school students. The government has design and publishes the Syllabus of
Curriculum 2013 for the Junior High School in Indonesia. The researcher used syllabus as the
instrument to design and develop the product. Syllabus was the basic requirement of teaching
and learning process. So, syllabus of curriculum 2013 takes a role as the basic requirements
to lead the teacher design lesson plan, create appropriate learning media, and time allotment
or duration in learning. Those were conducted in order to produce appropriate electronic
media which meet the character education that was involved in the Syllabus of Curriculum
2013.
Based on the syllabus curriculum 2013 and relevancy validation by the socio cultural
experts, the researcher designed content of the product. All of components in syllabus,
character education, and local culture aspect were combined in a form of blue print. Based on
the blue print the researcher could design the media which consisted of listening, speaking,
reading, writing skills, and vocabulary that the students needed to learn.
The researcher analyzed basic competencies, character educations, and local cultures
into 4 themes. The researcher analyzed which basic competencies and character education
were match and followed by the local culture aspect based on those character educations.
Character education and local culture used were based on the relevancy validation which was
validated by the socio cultural expert. There were 4 themes that were designed, such as:
Balinese Wedding Ceremony, Ngayah, Melasti, and Balinese Carving. The researcher
constructed the content of the product in a form of blue prints in order to help the researcher
developed the product.
Beside the basic requirements of the syllabus that should be included, the researcher
also designed the product based on the criteria of good media. Aspects of good media such as
educational, technical, and aesthetic were included. The construction of the media was based
on educational aspect such as educational curriculum and syllabus of Curriculum 2013. The
product also helped in increasing students’ motivation, the media also pushed students’
activity and creativity, and also based on the stage of students’ development.
The term of physical aspect could be seen from the purpose and function of e-media.
There were 11 criterion which take a role in developing media. The media designed had been
developed in accordance with the purpose and function of media, the media designed had
been developed to be able to develop all aspects of children development (emotional,
cognitive, and psychosocial), the material of the media designed had been gotten easily in
surrounding. The media were also safe for the children. This media were easy to use by
students and teachers, the media designed had helped to improve students’ interest and
motivation.
From the aesthetic aspect, the media designed had met all three criteria of good media.
The media had been developed in an appropriate size to be used as media. The media were
attractive form, and had been developed with combination of colour which were matching
and attempting.
After constructed blue print of the product, the researcher collected resources,
references, and texts. The researcher also made conversations and any features which related
with the product. Based on the blue print as plan and draft of the product the researcher began
to develop the product. Here the following procedures of making the product.

Journal of Psychology and Instruction 4

 Developing the lay out
The design of the e-media was developed based on the blue print made by the
researcher. It was designed by using adobe photo shop, freemake video converter, and Adobe
Flash CS6. All those software had different function in the development of e-media. From the
blue print, the researcher began to design the layout based on the topic selected. The
background design, character and button were made first. After the layout was constructed,
the researcher prepared the material that would be inserted in the e-media.
Developing the materials
The researcher collected the materials used in the e-media from English book of grade
VII of junior high school and from the internet. Some of the videos were made by the
researcher in the form of custom animation.
The details of the development of the material are described bellow.
1. Working with images.
The images were created by using Adobe Photoshop and some were downloaded from the
internet. The image was created based on the Balinese local culture. All the buttons were
made by using Adobe photo shop program.
2. Working with audios.
The audios in the e-media was used as conversation, material pronunciation, music, and
sound effect. Hand phone was used to record the audios for those function. The recording
was in the form of Mp3. The music background was taken from the internet.
3. Working with videos and animation.
The custom animation videos were made by mixing several images and audios. The
images and audios were combined by using Adobe Flash CS6 program. The character in
the animation was made by using Adobe Photoshop.
The researcher analysed the result of expert judgement form by using SPSS 16.0
version. The score given by the experts were analysed in order to find out the reliability of the
culture-based English e-media. The researcher analysed the scores of each item of the criteria
by inputting those scores to the SPSS 16.0 program and used the reliability analysis
Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient to measure the reliability of the result of expert judgement
data. The result of the data was analysed by using SPSS 16.0 program.
The measurement instrument can be judged reliable if the Cronbach Alpha is or above
0.70. The reliability of the data in this study was 0.735. It can be concluded that the data has
high consistency or is reliable. After finding out the reliability of the data, the researcher
would compute the mean score of each aspect and total mean score for all aspects. The
researcher used Microsoft Excel 2013 to analyse the mean score of each aspect.
As the result of the analysis of mean score from both of the experts, the total score
was 3.8. According to the score categories which had been formulated in the research design
in this study, the final score could be categorized as good. From the mean score, it could be
concluded that the quality of the product of culture-based English e-media for grade VII of
junior high school students was good. It has been convinced by the experts.
The mean score of each criterion showed different result. From first aspect of the
criteria overall impression about the media, this e-media was categorized as having good
quality with total mean score of 4.0. It meant that the e-media was appealing and inviting
enough to be used in presenting English lesson for grade VII of junior high school students in
Buleleng.
For the audience and purpose aspect, this culture-based e-media showed the mean
score of 4.3. It can be categorized as excellent quality. The culture based English e-media is
Journal of Psychology and Instruction 5
convinced by both experts could meet the needs of specific audience in this study. Moreover,
the experts believed that the culture based English e-media has addresed the Balinese local
culture and the materials are appropriate for the first semester of grade VII of junior high
school students because the e-media covers core competency and basic competency of the
syllabus. So the studentscould achieve the learning objectives.
Futhermore, the mean score in the content aspect, this e-media obtained 3.8 as the
mean score which means that the culture-based English e-media has a good quality of content
in terms of authentic resources, relevant materials that integrated with Balinese local culture.
the materials are designed based on basic competency and indicator and also additional
exercises.
In term of language, the culture-based English e-media has good quality. The mean
score is 3.5. Eventhough the e-media is categorized having a good quality of language, there
were some grammatical and spelling errors. Those errors has been revised by the researcher.
From the aspect of organization, the mean score of this e-media is 3.75. the e-media
can be classified as a good e-media which has a clear introduction, organized elements and
presented in logical sequence. It would ease the students and also teachers in using this e-
media.
The design of the culture-based English e-media can be categorized as good quality.
The mean score in terms of design is 3.9. The e-media has good visual appealing that could
attract the students’ attention. The e-media was provided by the experts having creative and
imaginative design that can be seen from the background colors, interesting pictures, and also
visible fonts. The e-media also effective to facilitate the students in learning by giving the
information and exercises.
For the navigation aspect, the culture-based English e-media has mean score 3.8. It
means that the direction and help are effectively useable. Although it can be categorized
having a good navigation, it still need to be revised in some parts of button to improve the
effectiveness of the e-media. The technical overall aspect in the e-media has the mean score
3.6 which means that the e-media have already showed smoothness to run this e-media from
start to finish.
From the aspect of technical animation, the e-media obtained mean score 4.0. It means
that the e-media having a good quality in terms of animation. the animation could make the
students interested in learning rather than distract their attention. The last aspect in the criteria
is technical interaction. This criteria obtain mean score 3.2. It means that the culture-based
English e-media having sufficient quality in terms of interaction and feedback. The e-media
had poor feedback and it had been revised by the researcher.
Based on the description of data analysis, this culture based English e-media can be
categorized as a good e-media for the first semester of grade VII of junior high school in
Buleleng. The product of culture-based English e-media developed by the researcher has met
the objective of this study to design and develop a culture-based English e-media for the first
semester of grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng. The e-media could give contribution
in supporting the implementation of curriculum 2013 of the first semester of grade VII of
junior high school in Buleleng.
The culture-based English e-media is ready to be used by the teacher of the junior
high shcools in Buleleng as the effective instruction tool to facilitate the students in learning
the language as well as Balinese local culture. This e-media also could facilitate students in
learning English in innovative way. As conclusion, culture-based English e-media for the first
semester of grade VII of junior high school in Buleleng is a good e-media to support the
implementation of curriculum 2013.

Journal of Psychology and Instruction 6

Discussions
The culture-based English e-media was developed by the researcher to support the
implementation of curriculum 2013 for the first semester of grade VII of junior high schools
in Buleleng. The culture-based English e-media could facilitate students in learning English
as well as Balinese local culture. It is needed by the teacher and students in order to support
the implementation of curriculum 2013 which is emphasizing on character education.
Mclanahan et. al. (2008) said that inserting local culture to the materials also promote
character building because the moral value in the local culture can build better character on
the students.
The development of culture-based English e-media in this study was focused on
seventh grade students in the first semester of junior high schools in Buleleng. The researcher
designed and developed the culture-based English e-media based on need analisys. The need
analisys was conducted in order to know what kind of media is expected to be developed to
support the implementation of curriculum 2013 which is emphasizing on character education.
Since the e-media was used to support character education, the researcher choose the
appropriate local culture to be integrated on the e-media.
Based on the English book of the grade VII for junior high schools curriculum 2013,
there are five chapters. In the e-media, there are four main topic. There in one topic that
consist of two chapters. The four main topics are Wedding Ceremony, Melasti, Ngayah, and
Balinese Carving. The culture-based English e-media provided some exercise to help
students achieve all indicators in each basic competency. The researcher also provided some
pictures that is related to the topic and materials as the introduction. Each topic has main
menu that consist of skills, materials, vocabulary and let’s sing a song (video).
In the skills menu, there are four sub menu. They are listening, reading, speaking, and
writing. In the listening activity, there is a video animation of two people talking to each
other. The students would listen to the audio of language expression that is related to the
topic. The audio is in the form of short dialogue. In the speaking section, the e-media provide
conversation that is related to the topic. The students were asked to perform the dialogue with
their friend after the teacher give example. It is good for the students to have model first
before they have such activities. There are also pronunciation practices in the speaking
section in order to make the students know the correct pronunciation of certain words. The
students only need to click the words and they could listen the correct pronunciation. In the
reading section, students are provided some text that is related to the topic. In the writing
section, students are provided some exercise that required the students to write something.
There are also some pictures that is related to the material to help the students in constructing
what they are going to write.
The e-media also provide the materials to be learnt further by the students. The
materials consist of some language expression that is related to the topic. Some interesting
pictures also provided to help the students in understanding materials. The pictures also could
make the students more attracted in learning. The materials also provide some question to be
answered. The students could check whether their answer is correct or not. The culture-based
English e-media provided vocabulary spot that could help the students know the meaning of
certain Balinese terms that related to the topic such as: penjor, pelinggih, ogoh-ogoh, etc.
Video also provided in the e-media as an entertainment also related to the materials. The
video contains songs and language expression that is used in the materials. Therefore, the
menu in the e-media was developed for specific purposes which was designed to help the
teaching and learning process and build better character on the students.
This e-media had been judged by two experts. One is lecturer in English education
department, and the other expert was a teacher in SMP Negeri 1 Singaraja. The two experts
Journal of Psychology and Instruction 7
were I Putu Ngurah Wage Myartawan, S.Pd., M.Pd. and Drs. Andang Kinaryo Adji, S.Pd.
Both of them have expertise in terms of English and e-media. The experts assessed the
culture-based English e-media in the form of summative assessment. The result of the expert’
judgement were varied. According to the reliability analysis in the table 4.4 showed that this
culture based e-media has highly consistency or can be categorized as reliable. It is showed
from the Cronbach’s Alpha Coeficient that the reliability of the data was 0.735. The
measurement instrument can be judged reliable if the Cronbach Alpha is or above 0.70.
Futhermore, the result of the total mean score ao all the aspects of the criteria in this study is
3.8. According to classification of mean score in this study, culture-based English e-media
can be categorized as a good quality e-media.
According to the analisys, the two experts pointed out there were one aspects
categorized as sufficient. It is the technical interaction aspect. Both of the experts said that it
is needed to add some exercise and feedback for the students to check their understanding.
This aspect had been revised by the researcher to make improvement in term of the quality of
the e-media. based on those data analisys, it can be summarized that the culture-based
English e-media is appropriate for the first semester of Garde VII students of junior high
school in Buleleng.
There sre some theories about the fucntion of the media that supported the result of
the data analisys conducted by the researcher. Levie & Lentz in Arsyad (2011) propose four
function of leraning media, especially visual media such as: attention function, affective
fucntion, cognitive function, and compensatory function. The culture based English e-media
have already fullfiled those criteria. Moreover, according to (Rias, 2011), Animation in
multimedia is said to be beneficial to learning especially when the learning material demands
visual movements. This Culture-based English e-media have already contain some custom
animation that is believed beneficial in teaching and learning process. This e-media could be
used by the students and teachers in the classroom and some of the activities can be done
outside the classroom as computer assisted learning. By using this e-media, teachers could
save the time because thay do not need to explain about the materials too much. Moreover,
this e-media was developed based on the students’ need in seventh grade of the first semester
of junior high schools in Buleleng. The culture-based English e-media also fulfilled the
instrcutional appropriateness in which it could facilitate students in learning English as well
as Balinese local culture.
The culture-based English e-media was developed in order to support the
implementation of curriculum 2013 which is emphasized on character education. The culture
was integrated in the e-media to build a better character on the students. Devi (2014) also
conducted research on inserting local culture in English language teaching to promote
character education. She stated that by integrating local cultural values in the practices of
English language teaching to promote character education, it is commonly believed plays
important roles in encouraging, improving, and maintaining the spirit of nationalism of the
next generation. So, the culture-based English e-media is very beneficial to support character
education, cultural heritage and English learning activities.

Conclusion
The culture-based English e-media was developed by using the Peffers et al. research
and development design. There were six steps which is needed to be conducted by the
researcher, they are: (1) identify the problem motivating the research, (2) describe the
objectives, (3) design and develop the product, (4) subject the product to testing, (5) evaluate
the result of testing, and (6) communicate those results in the form of thesis report. The
quality of culture-based English e-media for the first semester of grade VII of junior high
school in Buleleng was categorized as a good e-media. It is according to data analysis by
Journal of Psychology and Instruction 8
using Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient which showed significant reliability result 0.737. This e-
media was categorized reliable because the result of reliability analysis was above 0.70.
Futhermore, it is proved the result of mean score analysis using Microsoft excel 2013 which
showed that the total mean score of all the aspect of the criteria in this study was 3.8. Based
on the classification of mean score in the research design in this study, culture-based English
e-media can be categorized as having a good quality of e-media for the first semester of grade
VII of junior high schools.
There are some suggestion to the further researcher who wants to conduct similar
research:
1. Further research need to be conducted in order to investigate the effectiveness
and the implementation of this culture-based English e-media towards the
development of students’ ability in English especially for the seventh grade of junior
high school in Buleleng.
2. This research focused on developing culture-based English e-media to
facilitate the teachers and students in the classroom or outside classroom. Even
though this media could facilitate the students in learning, this e-media still lack in
providing independency for students because it is not purely IMM (Interactive
Multimedia) that could provide independent learning for students. For further
research, it is better to develop e-media but give emphasize on developing the IMM to
facilitate students with independent learning effectively.
The product evaluation is also important. There were some problems during the
revision of the e-media. The product have been revised based on the experts’ suggestion. The
revision needs a long time. Therefore, it is suggested for the further researcher to conduct the
expert judgement as early as possible.

References
Arsyad, Azhar. 2011. Media Pembelajaran. Jakarta. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Baharul Islam Md et. al. 2014. Child Education Through Animation: An Experimental Study.
International Journal of Computer Graphics & Animation (IJCGA), 4 (4)
Devi, Ika (2014). Animation Video to Improve Students' Vocabulary Mastery. Retrieved on
March 17th 2014.
McLanahan et. al. 2008. The Future of Children. Children and Electronic Media Princeton-
Brookings, 18 (1).
Peffers et al. 2007. A Design Science Research Methodology for Information Systems
Research. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24 (3).
Rias et al. 2011. The Effects of Varied Animation in Multimedia Learning: Is the extra effort
worthy? International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications
(IJDIWC), 1 (3).
Sugiyono, 2013. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan: Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan
R&D. Bandung, Penerbit Alfabeta.

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Journal of Psychology and Instruction 10