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    Bacterial Growth

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    Husnain Rajpoot
    This document discusses the growth cycle and metabolism of bacteria. It notes that bacteria undergo four phases of growth: lag phase, log or exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. It also describes aerobic and anaerobic growth, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Fermentation and iron metabolism in bacteria are also summarized.

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    Bacterial Growth

    Uploaded by

    Husnain Rajpoot
    29 views15 pages
    This document discusses the growth cycle and metabolism of bacteria. It notes that bacteria undergo four phases of growth: lag phase, log or exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. It also describes aerobic and anaerobic growth, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Fermentation and iron metabolism in bacteria are also summarized.

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    This document discusses the growth cycle and metabolism of bacteria. It notes that bacteria undergo four phases of growth: lag phase, log or exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. It also describes aerobic and anaerobic growth, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Fermentation and iron metabolism in bacteria are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views15 pages

    Bacterial Growth

    Uploaded by

    Husnain Rajpoot
    This document discusses the growth cycle and metabolism of bacteria. It notes that bacteria undergo four phases of growth: lag phase, log or exponential phase, stationary phase, and death phase. It also describes aerobic and anaerobic growth, including obligate aerobes, facultative anaerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Fermentation and iron metabolism in bacteria are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 15

    BACTERIAL GROWTH

    Dr Farida
    Binary Fission – parent cell divides to form two
    progeny cells
    PHASES OF GROWTH CYCLE
    LAG PHASE
    LOG PHASE
    STATIONERY PHASE
    DEATH PHASE
    LAG PHASE
    During which vigorous metabolic activity occurs but
    cells do not divide.
    Can last for few minutes upto many hours.
    LOG PHASE
    Rapid cell division occurs.
    ß-Lactam drugs, such as penicillin, act during this
    phase because the drugs are effective when cells are
    making Peptidoglycan (i.e., when they are dividing).
    Also known as the exponential phase.
    STATIONERY PHASE
    Nutrient depletion or toxic products cause growth to
    slow until the number of new cells produced
    balances the number of cells that die, resulting in a
    steady state.
    Cells grown in a special apparatus called “chemostat,”
    into which fresh nutrients are added and from which
    waste products are removed continuously, can
    remain in the log phase and do not enter the
    stationary phase.
    DEATH PHASE
    Decline in the number of viable bacteria.
    AEROBIC GROWTH
    Requirement of Oxygen to survive
    Bacteria require two enzymes to utilize oxygen.
    Superoxide dismutase, which catalyzes the reaction

    2O₂ + 2H+ → H₂O₂ + O₂


    catalase, which catalyzes the reaction

    2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂
    Obligate Aerobes
    They require oxygen to grow because their ATP-
    generating system is dependent on oxygen as the
    hydrogen acceptor.
    E.g Mycobaterium Tuberculosis

    Facultative Anaerobes
    They utilize oxygen, if it is present, to generate energy
    by respiration, but they can use the fermentation
    pathway to synthesize ATP in the absence of
    sufficient oxygen.
    E.Coli
    Obligate Anaerobes
    Which cannot grow in the presence of oxygen
    because they lack either superoxide dismutase or
    catalase, or both.
    Obligate anaerobes vary in their response to oxygen
    exposure; some can survive but are not able to grow,
    whereas others are killed rapidly.
    Clostridium Tetani
    FERMENTATION
    Breakdown of a sugar (such as glucose or maltose)
    to pyruvic acid and then, usually, to lactic acid.
    Also called as Glycolytic Cycle, and this is the
    process by which facultative bacteria generate ATP
    in the absence of oxygen.
    For example, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria
    meningitidis can be distinguished from each other on
    the basis of fermentation of either glucose or
    maltose
    IRON METABOLISM
    In the form of ferric ion, is required for the growth of
    bacteria because it is an essential component of
    cytochromes and other enzymes.
    The amount of iron available for pathogenic bacteria
    in the human body is very low because the iron is
    sequestered in iron-binding proteins such as
    transferrin.
    To obtain iron for their growth, bacteria produce iron
    binding compounds called siderophores.
    E.Coli (Enterobactin)

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