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    Surat Session PDF

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    Baljeet Singh
    The Surat session of the Indian National Congress in 1907 resulted in a major split between the moderate and extremist factions. The moderates, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, favored conciliation and gradual reform, while the extremists, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, advocated for more active resistance. Tensions rose and a confrontation occurred over the election of the Congress president. This led to an open split, with the extremists leaving the party. The British government then took action to suppress the extremists, arresting their leaders, including Tilak, and passing new laws to curb political demonstrations and critical press. As a result, the nationalist movement declined greatly until the moderates

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    Surat Session PDF

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    Baljeet Singh
    131 views2 pages
    The Surat session of the Indian National Congress in 1907 resulted in a major split between the moderate and extremist factions. The moderates, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, favored conciliation and gradual reform, while the extremists, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, advocated for more active resistance. Tensions rose and a confrontation occurred over the election of the Congress president. This led to an open split, with the extremists leaving the party. The British government then took action to suppress the extremists, arresting their leaders, including Tilak, and passing new laws to curb political demonstrations and critical press. As a result, the nationalist movement declined greatly until the moderates

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    The Surat session of the Indian National Congress in 1907 resulted in a major split between the moderate and extremist factions. The moderates, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, favored conciliation and gradual reform, while the extremists, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, advocated for more active resistance. Tensions rose and a confrontation occurred over the election of the Congress president. This led to an open split, with the extremists leaving the party. The British government then took action to suppress the extremists, arresting their leaders, including Tilak, and passing new laws to curb political demonstrations and critical press. As a result, the nationalist movement declined greatly until the moderates

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    131 views2 pages

    Surat Session PDF

    Uploaded by

    Baljeet Singh
    The Surat session of the Indian National Congress in 1907 resulted in a major split between the moderate and extremist factions. The moderates, led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, favored conciliation and gradual reform, while the extremists, led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, advocated for more active resistance. Tensions rose and a confrontation occurred over the election of the Congress president. This led to an open split, with the extremists leaving the party. The British government then took action to suppress the extremists, arresting their leaders, including Tilak, and passing new laws to curb political demonstrations and critical press. As a result, the nationalist movement declined greatly until the moderates

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Surat Session

    Study Materials

    SURAT SESSION: SPLIT IN CONGRESS Suppression of the Extremists


    (1907)
    The suddenness of the Surat flasco took the
    Confrontation at the Session extremists leaders by surprise and they offered their
    cooperation to the working committee of the Congress
    The Indian National Congress split into two
    by accepting the presidentship of Ras Behari Bose.
    groups-the extremists and the moderates-at the Surat
    However, the moderates would not relent as they
    session in 1907, held on the banks of the Tapti River.
    found themselves on firm ground. The government
    The extremists were led by lokmanya Tilak, Lajpat Rai
    used this opportunity to launch a massive attack on the
    and Bipin Chandra Pal and the moderates were led by
    extremists by suppressing their newspaper and
    Gopal Krishna Gokhale. At the Surat session, the
    arresting their main leader, Tilak, and sending him to
    moderate and the extremists’ delegates of the Congress
    Mandalay jail for 6 years. It passed the Seditious
    met in an atmosphere surcharged with excitement and
    Meeting Act (1907), to control demonstrations and
    anger.
    public meetings, and also enacted the Newspaper
    The moderates were deeply hurt by the ridicule and Incitement to Officences Act (1908) to curb the critical
    venorn poured on them by the extremists in the mass press. Later, it passed the Criminal Law Amendment
    meetings held at Surat a few days before the session Act (1908) to bring to trial the agitating politicians
    and the extremists were excited by the rumour that the under the charges of terrorist’s offences. The
    moderates wanted to scuttle their Kolkata resolutions. extremists were not able to organise an effective
    The Congress session started with the objection made alternate party, or to sustain the movement. Aurobindo
    by the extremists to the duly elected president for the Ghosh gave up politics and left for Puducherry. Bipin
    year, Ras Behari Bose. As both sides came to the Chandra Pal also left politics temporarily and Lala
    session prepared for the confrontation, the split was Lajpat Rai left for Britain. After 1908, the national
    inevitable. movement as a whole declined.

    Gopal Krishna Gokhale (1866-1915) Bal Gangadar Tilak(1856-1920)

    A Brahmin from Maharastra, he was educated in India Tilak was a journalist in poona, and in his newspapers,
    and became involved in the nationalist movement kesari [lion] in Marathi and Mahratta in English, he set
    when he was quitter young. A moderate, he stressed fourth his nationalist ideals. He sought a Hindu revival
    negotiation and conciliation rather than non- based on Maratha traditions and independence
    cooperation or violence. He was elected to the Mumbai [Swaraj] from the Britain. After the Indian National
    Legislative Council in 1902. The conflict of Gokhale’s Congress was founded (1885), Tilak became the
    moderate views with the more militant ideas of Bal acknowledged leader of the extreme wing. He fought
    Gangadhar Tilak led to a breach in the Indian National the moderate measures of Gopal Krishna Gokhale and
    Congress that nearly immobilised it from 1907 to advocated resistance to the British rule. He was
    1916. Gokhale was instrumental in forming the arrested (1897) by the British and imprisoned for 18
    Servants of India Society, a nationalist orgainsation months. In 1907, a split took place in the Congress,
    whose members, sworn to poverty and obedience, and Tilak led his extremist’s wing out of the party. The
    were enlisted to serve as volunteers for the social, next year he was again imprisoned this time for 6
    political and economic welfare of India. In the course years. Unlike Gandhi, he welcomed the Mantague-
    of the Indian freedom, he rejected the little of Chelmstord Repot (1918), which conceded a
    ‘knighthood’ and refused to accept a position in the substantial measure of self-rule.
    council of the Secretary of State for India.

    examsdaily.in Page 1
    Surat Session
    Study Materials

    Influence of the Extremists on the National


    Movement Before 1916
    Despite an able leadership, the extremists
    could not influence the course of the national GK Study Materials PDF Download
    movement in the direction of active political agitation,
    as the moderates, who were still a stronger group,
    would not allow them. The moderates still firmly All subject Study Materials PDF Download
    belived in the policy of social reforms, gradual
    political development and the remaking of India
    largely in the image of the west. Soon ater the Surat 2018 Current Affairs Download – PDF Download
    split, the moderates called a conventiuon in 1908, and
    framed a party constitution to debar the extremist’s
    leaders from the Indian National Congress. It was only
    Whatsapp Group Click Here
    in 1916, that the moderates and the extremists again
    joined hands for the national cause.
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    The achievements of the extremists were:

    1. They instilled courage and self-confidence


    among the masses; Join Us on FB : English – Examsdaily
    2. They made the concept of the Indian nation
    more precise and force-ful; Follow US on Twitter - Examsdaily
    3. They made patriotism a major factor in Indian
    politics;
    4. Their sacrifices helped the cause of freedom
    and democracy in the country;
    5. They championed the boycott of foreign
    goods, which helped in the development of
    Indian industries.

    examsdaily.in Page 2

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