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    Seminar Supercunductivity

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    Abhishek Pathak
    Superconductivity is a phenomenon where materials lose all electrical resistance at low temperatures, allowing current to flow without energy loss. In 1986, a metal oxide was discovered that exhibited superconductivity at 30 K, leading to discoveries of ceramic oxides with even higher transition temperatures such as 125 K in 1988. Organic compounds have also shown potential as superconductors. Ultraconductors are being developed that conduct electricity over 100,000 times better than copper or silver without cryogenic cooling, achieved through a non-reversible transition in thin polymer films over 300 K induced by ROOTS Inc. after over 16 years of research.

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    Seminar Supercunductivity

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Pathak
    22 views2 pages
    Superconductivity is a phenomenon where materials lose all electrical resistance at low temperatures, allowing current to flow without energy loss. In 1986, a metal oxide was discovered that exhibited superconductivity at 30 K, leading to discoveries of ceramic oxides with even higher transition temperatures such as 125 K in 1988. Organic compounds have also shown potential as superconductors. Ultraconductors are being developed that conduct electricity over 100,000 times better than copper or silver without cryogenic cooling, achieved through a non-reversible transition in thin polymer films over 300 K induced by ROOTS Inc. after over 16 years of research.

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    basic description about superconductivity and step towards ultraconductor

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    Seminar supercunductivity

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    Superconductivity is a phenomenon where materials lose all electrical resistance at low temperatures, allowing current to flow without energy loss. In 1986, a metal oxide was discovered that exhibited superconductivity at 30 K, leading to discoveries of ceramic oxides with even higher transition temperatures such as 125 K in 1988. Organic compounds have also shown potential as superconductors. Ultraconductors are being developed that conduct electricity over 100,000 times better than copper or silver without cryogenic cooling, achieved through a non-reversible transition in thin polymer films over 300 K induced by ROOTS Inc. after over 16 years of research.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    22 views2 pages

    Seminar Supercunductivity

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Pathak
    Superconductivity is a phenomenon where materials lose all electrical resistance at low temperatures, allowing current to flow without energy loss. In 1986, a metal oxide was discovered that exhibited superconductivity at 30 K, leading to discoveries of ceramic oxides with even higher transition temperatures such as 125 K in 1988. Organic compounds have also shown potential as superconductors. Ultraconductors are being developed that conduct electricity over 100,000 times better than copper or silver without cryogenic cooling, achieved through a non-reversible transition in thin polymer films over 300 K induced by ROOTS Inc. after over 16 years of research.

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    of 2

    ULTRACONDUCTOR

    SUPERCONDUCTIVITY:
    superconductivity is a phenomenon in which a material losses all its electrical
    resistances and allowing electric current to flow without loss of energy.
    An ordinary conductor’s electrical resistance is caused by the atomic vibrations
    due to thermal energy contained in material. The higher the temperature, higher will be
    vibrations and hence high loss of energy will occur.
    If an ordinary conductor is cooled to absolute zero, atomic vibrations are
    ceased, so electrons will flow without any restriction hence electrical resistance falls to zero.
    But a temperature of absolute zero can’t be achieved in practice.
    In 1911, the Dutch physicist H.K.Onnes (Heike Kamerlingh Onnes) discovered
    superconductivity in mercury at a temperature of approximate 4 K(-269 ⁰C). After that,
    many other superconducting metals and alloys were discovered but until 1986,the
    temperature at which superconducting properties were achieved was around 23 K(-250 ⁰C)
    with the Niobium-Germanium alloy(Nb₃Ge).
    In 1986 George Bednorz and Allex Muller discovered a metal oxide that exibit
    superconductivity at relatively high temperature 30 K(-243⁰C). This led to the discovery of
    ceramic oxides that superconducts at even higher tempratures. In 1988, an oxide of
    Thallium, Calcium, Barium and Copper (Ti₂Ca₂Ba₂Cu₃O₁₀) displayed superconductivity at
    125K(-148⁰C), and in 1993 , a family based on copper oxide and mercury attained
    superconductivity at 160K(-113⁰C). These ‘high temperature’ superconductors are more
    noteworthy because ceramics are usually good insulators.

    STEP TOWARDS ULTRACONDUCTORS:


    Like Ceramics, most organic compounds are strong insulators, however, some
    organic materials known as organic synthetic metals do display both conductivity and
    superconductivity. In early 1990’s, one such compound was shown to superconduct at
    around 33K(-240⁰C). Although this is well below the temperatures achieved for ceramic
    oxides but it was clear that organic superconductors have great potential for the future.
    New superconducting materials are being discovered on a regular basis and the
    search is on for room temperature superconductors, which if discovered, are expected to
    make a revolution in the field of electronics.

    ULTRACONDUCTORS:
    Ultraconductors(room temperature superconductors) are being developed for
    commercial applications by ROOM TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS Inc(ROOTS).
    Ultraconductors are result of more than 16 years of scientific research , independent
    laboratory testing and eight years of engineering development. From an engineering
    perspective, Ultraconductors are a fundamentally new and enabling technology. These
    materials are claimed to conduct electricity at least 1,00,000 times better than gold, silver
    and copper without having any cryogenic support.

    TECHNICAL INTRODUCTION:
    The Ultraconductor properties appear in thin(5-100 micron) films of certain dielectric
    polymers following an induced , non-reversible transition at zero field and at temperature
    greater than 300 K. The transition resembles a formal insulator to conductor (I-C) transition.
    The base polymers used are certain viscous polar elastomers, obtained by
    polymerization in the laboratory or as purchased from industrial suppliers. Seven chemically
    distinct polymers have been demonstrated till date.

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