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    Violence Muslim Texts

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    Abdul Mu'id
    The document discusses passages from the Quran related to jihad and fighting. It provides context around when certain passages were revealed and their intended meanings. The key points are: 1) References to killing in the Quran are generally accepted to refer to the period after Muhammad migrated to Medina, while in Mecca the Quran exhorts spiritual striving. 2) Fighting is only permitted in self-defense or when places of worship are destroyed, with strict limits to not harm non-combatants. 3) While Islam promotes peace, it does not tolerate oppression, and defending against aggressors through limited combat is allowed according to some passages.

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    Violence Muslim Texts

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    Abdul Mu'id
    41 views4 pages
    The document discusses passages from the Quran related to jihad and fighting. It provides context around when certain passages were revealed and their intended meanings. The key points are: 1) References to killing in the Quran are generally accepted to refer to the period after Muhammad migrated to Medina, while in Mecca the Quran exhorts spiritual striving. 2) Fighting is only permitted in self-defense or when places of worship are destroyed, with strict limits to not harm non-combatants. 3) While Islam promotes peace, it does not tolerate oppression, and defending against aggressors through limited combat is allowed according to some passages.

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    The document discusses passages from the Quran related to jihad and fighting. It provides context around when certain passages were revealed and their intended meanings. The key points are: 1) References to killing in the Quran are generally accepted to refer to the period after Muhammad migrated to Medina, while in Mecca the Quran exhorts spiritual striving. 2) Fighting is only permitted in self-defense or when places of worship are destroyed, with strict limits to not harm non-combatants. 3) While Islam promotes peace, it does not tolerate oppression, and defending against aggressors through limited combat is allowed according to some passages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views4 pages

    Violence Muslim Texts

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Mu'id
    The document discusses passages from the Quran related to jihad and fighting. It provides context around when certain passages were revealed and their intended meanings. The key points are: 1) References to killing in the Quran are generally accepted to refer to the period after Muhammad migrated to Medina, while in Mecca the Quran exhorts spiritual striving. 2) Fighting is only permitted in self-defense or when places of worship are destroyed, with strict limits to not harm non-combatants. 3) While Islam promotes peace, it does not tolerate oppression, and defending against aggressors through limited combat is allowed according to some passages.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Texts for Abrahamic Group

    References to killing are generally accepted to be Medinan ie. Those


    revealed in Medina after the hijra, the migration. Almost all Quranic
    verses of jihad exhort spiritual striving or the struggle to establish
    justice, when the Quran discusses fighting it uses a different word.
    The Prophet called armed jihad as the lesser jihad and the greater
    jihad is peaceful and is the struggle against the self.

    Chapter The Criterion verse 52


    Therefore listen not to the Unbelievers but strive against them
    with the utmost strenuousness with the (Qur'an).

    “Strive (Jihad) against the unbelievers” with God’s word implies


    using beauty, power and persuasive eloquence of the Quran to
    win people to the faith.

    After many years of persecution in Mecca and after the migration to Median
    permission to fight was given:

    Chapter Al Hajj 22 verse 39

    “To those against whom war is made, permission is given (to


    fight), because they are wronged; … and verily, God is most
    powerful for their aid. “(Al-Hajj 22:39)
    Verse 39 of Surah Haj shifts from pilgrimage to defence when oppressed,
    permitting this for the first time. When you are unjustly expelled from your
    homes merely because you believe in God, when places of worship are
    destroyed, permission is given to fight (qital). Here places of worship include
    churches and synagogues as well as mosques. Ibn Abbas one of the earliest
    commentators on the Quran calls this the first verse of jihad, which was revealed
    now because it “would have been disastrous” for him to have fought while at
    Mecca. Having been “expelled from their homes unjustly” permission was now
    given “at an appropriate time”.
    Chapter Al-Baqarah 2 verse 190

    “Fight in the cause of God those who fight you, but do not transgress
    limits; for God loveth not transgressors.”

    Violating a truce the Meccans came to attack the Muslims after they
    had migrated to Medina and this verse makes war permissible only for
    self defence.

    Chapter 3 Ale Imran verse 146


    “In the past many Prophets have fought, in the way of Allah, with
    a large number of godly people. They did not loose heart during
    the adversities that befell them in the path of Allah; they neither
    showed weakness nor submitted to falsehood. Allah loves the
    steadfast.”

    The commentator Yusuf Ali states that war is only permissible in self-defence
    and under well defined limits. When undertaken strict limits must not be
    transgresses, women,children,old and infirm men should not be molested, nor
    trees and crops cut down, nor peace withheld when the enemy comes to terms.
    In general Islam is a religion of peace but it will not acquiesce in wrong doing
    and sacrifice their lives in defence of honour and justice.

    Chapter 4 verse 91
    “You will find other hypocrites who wish to be safe from you
    as well as from their own people; but who would plunge into
    mischief whenever they get an opportunity. Therefore if they
    do not keep distance from you and neither offer you peace,
    nor cease their hostilities against you, you may seize them
    and kill them wherever you find them, against such people
    We give you absolute authority."

    The only possible justification of war has been maintained


    throughout the Quran is evident from the concluding
    sentence of 4:91. This verse also commands Muslims to fight
    those who practice oppression or persecution. These verses
    were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad(SAW) at the time
    when Muslims were attacked by the non-Muslims of Mecca
    on a regular basis. Using contemporary jargon there were
    constant terrorist attacks on Medina and in this situation
    Muslims were given permission to fight back the “terrorist”
    and are not a permission for terrorism but they are a
    warning against the ‘terrorists” and even in these warnings
    restraint and acre are emphasized. The Quran clearly
    condemns murder, for example in chapter 5 verse 32:
    “On account of that incident, We ordained for the Children
    of Israel that whoever kills a person, except as a punishment
    for murder or mischief in the land, it will be written in his
    book of deeds as if he had killed all the human beings on the
    surface of the Earth and whoever will save a life shall be
    regarded as if he gave life to all the human beings on the
    surface of the Earth. Yet, even though Our Apostles came to
    them one after the other with clear revelations, it was not
    long before, many of them committed excesses in the land.”

    Chapter 9 verse 5
    “Kill the disbelievers wherever you find them”
    Chapter 9 verse 6
    “And if anyone of the idolaters seeketh thy protection (O
    Muhammad), then protect him so that he may hear the word
    of Allah; and afterward convey him to his place of safety.
    That is because they are a folk who know not.”

    Verse 5 was revealed towards the end of the revelation


    period and relates to a limited context. Hostilities were frozen
    for a three month period when the Arabs pledged not to
    wage war. The Prophet was inspired to use this period to
    encourage the combatants to join the Muslim ranks or to
    leave the area under Muslim rule, however they were to
    resume hostilities, then the Muslims would fight back.
    Surah 9 verse 12

    But if they break their solemn pledges after having


    concluded a covenant, and revile your religion, then fight
    against these archetypes of faithlessness who, behold,
    have no [regard for their own] pledges, so that they might
    desist [from aggression].

    Surah 9 verse 13
    Will you not fight against those people who have broken
    their oaths, conspired to expel the Rasool and were the first
    to attack you? Do you fear them? Nay, it is Allah Who is
    more deserving of your fear, if you are true believers.

    Surah 9 verse 14
    Fight them; Allah will punish them by your hands and
    humiliate them. He will grant you victory over them and
    soothe the hearts of a believing people.

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