4th Quarter Reviewer Philosophy

Senior High School Department
FOURTH QUARTERLY ASSESSMENT (Reviewer)

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON
Inclusive topics/lessons:
Knowledge and Truth
The Human Person in His Environment and Society
The Embodied Spirit and Inter-subjectivity
The Human Person and His Impending Death
 Martin Heidegger claims that “Being-toward-death is an essentially anxiety”.

 According to Jean-Paul Sartre, there is the need for social interactions and transcendence through others.
 Aristotle considered democracy and oligarchy as perverted forms of government.
 Aristotle once said that "Man is the whole of his body and soul".
 Body and Mind have a necessary interplay when it comes to an individual's personal growth as a being.
 Cognitive science perceives “Embodiment” as an important role of the body in shaping the mind.
 Consumerism is the belief that well-being is achieved through abundance and consumption.
 Dualism is a philosophical belief about the separation between the body and the mind.
 Edmund Husserl emphasized the meanings and essences but not the elements of the mind.
 Environmental crisis is a concrete problem that threatens the existence of various species, including our
own, currently inhabiting this world.
 Euthanatos is a Greek word which means easy death.
 Existentialism focuses on what death can offer to life.
 For Aristotle, the good form of government is constitutional government or polity (rule by the many) while the
bad form is democracy
 For Gabriel Marcel, "Man's embodiment is not simply a datum but is the starting point and basis of any
philosophical reflection."
 Friedrich Nietzsche pointed out that the otherworld strongly influences the lowly and the weak to give up and hope for the better life
in the other world.
 In physiology, death is defined as the irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions.
 In the Republic, Plato stated that aspirants to high position may quarrel with one another or may first form
factions and then devise strategies to grab the position.
 Intellect corresponds to the mind.
 Jean Jacques Rousseau argues that people in the state of nature are not only motivated by the desire for
self-preservation but by pity or compassion for one’s fellow humans as well.
 Sᴓren Kierkegaard is more concerned about how people treat the elements in the other world as if everything is
a matter of knowing.
 Killing is rationally justified if there is no valued future ahead.
 Mind and Brain Identity Theory is a philosophical theory that teaches that mind animates the body.
 Misfortune of killings is the loss of valued future, and not just any kind of future, especially a miserable future.
 Our existence is a question of “to be, or not to be.”
 Paul Tillich claims that, “anxiety is an existential awareness of non-being.”
 Peter Singer claimed that the realm of being morally considerable must be extended to higher forms of
animals or intelligent animals.
 Plato stated that the soul has a direct relationship with the human body.
 Progressivism is the belief that human condition will gradually improve through abundance.
 Protagoras claims that man is the measure of all things.
 Rene Descartes created his own version of the Allegory of the Cave but in less creative ways through
doubting, mathematics, experiences, and authority.
 Self-preservation is a protection of oneself from destruction or harm.
 Sense of skills is the combination of all the skills we have learned in life.
 Socio-economic causes include over-population, which naturally results in the competition over limited
resources.
 Suicide is a generally impermissible act.
 The Disembodied Spirit View states that the soul is immortal and had existed prior to its union to the body.
 The Rational Soul animates the human beings and provides nourishment, reproduction, and sensation,
intelligence, rational thinking, freedom and will.
 To see and understand the world as a standing-reserve drives us to treat everything in nature as potential for
human use.
 Transcendence tells me that "I am my body but at the same time I am more than my body."
 We cannot empirically validate the existence of heaven or hell.
All the best! 
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Senior High School Department

FOURTH QUARTERLY ASSESSMENT (Reviewer)

 Martin Heidegger claims that “Being-toward-death is an essentially anxiety”.

All the best! 

UPHMO-SHS-ACAD-403/rev0 Quarterly Assessment Reviewer | Page 1 of 1

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