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    Tutorial1 Solution

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    Anonymous C5daqjUIQY
    This document contains solutions to 5 tutorial questions on fluid mechanics topics: 1) Calculating density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity of an unknown fluid. 2) Converting between dynamic viscosity units (cP to Pa∙s) and calculating kinematic viscosity (cSt) of oil. 3) Calculating mass and specific volume/density of gas in a cylindrical vessel after adding more gas. 4) Calculating tube diameter needed to maintain meniscus height of less than 0.1 mm for glycerin. 5) Calculating contact angle of meniscus for impure water in a tube using surface tension and meniscus height.

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    © All Rights Reserved

    Tutorial1 Solution

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous C5daqjUIQY
    88 views6 pages
    This document contains solutions to 5 tutorial questions on fluid mechanics topics: 1) Calculating density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity of an unknown fluid. 2) Converting between dynamic viscosity units (cP to Pa∙s) and calculating kinematic viscosity (cSt) of oil. 3) Calculating mass and specific volume/density of gas in a cylindrical vessel after adding more gas. 4) Calculating tube diameter needed to maintain meniscus height of less than 0.1 mm for glycerin. 5) Calculating contact angle of meniscus for impure water in a tube using surface tension and meniscus height.

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    Fluid Mechanic

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    This document contains solutions to 5 tutorial questions on fluid mechanics topics: 1) Calculating density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity of an unknown fluid. 2) Converting between dynamic viscosity units (cP to Pa∙s) and calculating kinematic viscosity (cSt) of oil. 3) Calculating mass and specific volume/density of gas in a cylindrical vessel after adding more gas. 4) Calculating tube diameter needed to maintain meniscus height of less than 0.1 mm for glycerin. 5) Calculating contact angle of meniscus for impure water in a tube using surface tension and meniscus height.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    88 views6 pages

    Tutorial1 Solution

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous C5daqjUIQY
    This document contains solutions to 5 tutorial questions on fluid mechanics topics: 1) Calculating density, specific weight, specific volume, and specific gravity of an unknown fluid. 2) Converting between dynamic viscosity units (cP to Pa∙s) and calculating kinematic viscosity (cSt) of oil. 3) Calculating mass and specific volume/density of gas in a cylindrical vessel after adding more gas. 4) Calculating tube diameter needed to maintain meniscus height of less than 0.1 mm for glycerin. 5) Calculating contact angle of meniscus for impure water in a tube using surface tension and meniscus height.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    of 6

    EGB323 Tutorial 1 Solutions

    1
    Question 1

    Some unknown fluid is occupying a space of 4 m3 and weighs 6500 kg. Determine the
    fluids:

    • Specific weight

    • Density

    • Specific volume

    • Specific gravity

    First find the density

    mass 6500
    ρ= = = 1625 kg/m3
    volume 4
    Then the specific weight is

    γ = ρg = 1625 ∗ 9.8 = 15925 N/m3

    The specific volume is the inverse of density

    1 1
    v= = = 6.15 ∗ 10−4 m3 /kg
    ρ 1625
    The specific gravity is relative to the density of water

    ρf luid 1625
    SG = = = 1.625
    ρwater 1000

    2
    Question 2

    An SAE 30 oil has a relative density of 0.897 and a dynamic viscosity of 380 centiPoise
    at 16◦ C. At this temperature determine:

    • the dynamic viscosity in SI units

    • the kinematic viscosity in SI units

    The SI units for dynamic viscosity are Pa s — 10 P = 1 Pa s. Therefore, 1 cP = 10−2 P =


    10−3 Pa s.

    µ = 380 cP = 380 ∗ 10−3 = 0.38 P a s

    The kinematic viscosity is the dynamic viscosity divided by the density, in SI units this is
    measured in m2 /s but is often given in terms of the unit Stoke (St)

    µ 0.38
    ν= = = 4.24 ∗ 10−4 m2 /s = 424 cSt
    ρ 0.897 ∗ 1000

    3
    Question 3

    Gas of specific volume 0.6 m3 /kg is in a cylindrical vessel of diameter 400 mm and length
    1600 mm.

    • Determine the mass of gas in the vessel.

    • If a further 0.5 kg of the same gas is added to the vessel what will now be the specific
    volume and density?

    First we need to find the volume of the cylinder,

    d 400 ∗ 10−3
    V = 2πr ∗ h = 2π ∗ h = 2π ∗ 1600 ∗ 10−3 = 0.20 m3
    2 2
    Then the mass of the gas can be find by dividing the volume by the specific volume,
    V 0.20
    m= = = 0.33 kg
    v 0.6
    Adding 0.5 kg, m = 0.33 + 0.5 = 0.83 kg. The volume has not changed; hence,
    V 0.20
    v= = = 0.24 m3 /kg
    m 0.83
    The density is therefore,
    1 1
    ρ= = = 4.15 kg/m3
    v 0.24

    4
    Question 4

    Glycerin has a surface tension, σs , of 0.063 N/m and a density of 1261 kg/m3 . In order
    to have a meniscus of less than 0.1 mm in a perfectly round tube, what should the diameter
    of the tube be? (assuming that φ = 0)

    Force balance, the weight of the liquid is opposed by the surface tension force.

    W = FST
    2
    ρg(πr h) = 2πrσs cos φ
    2πrσs cos φ
    r2 =
    ρgπh
    2σs cos φ
    r =
    ρgh
    2 ∗ 0.063
    r =
    1261 ∗ 9.8 ∗ 0.0001
    r = 0.1 m

    Therefore, the diameter of the tube must be at least 0.2 m, 20 cm.

    5
    Question 5

    Impure water at 20◦ C has a meniscus of height 4.5 mm in a 5 mm diameter tube. If the
    surface tension is 0.073 N/m, what is the contact angle?

    Force balance, the weight of the liquid is opposed by the surface tension force.

    W = FST
    2
    ρg(πr h) = 2πrσs cos φ
    ρg(πrh)
    cos φ =
    2πσs
    !
    −1 ρg(πrh)
    φ = cos
    2πσs
    1000 ∗ 9.8 ∗ 0.0025 ∗ 0.0045
     
    φ = cos−1
    2 ∗ 0.073
    ◦
    φ = 41

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