THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ

MINISTRY OF ELECTRICITY

SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION (SAPI)

FOR
ELECTRICITY SECTOR RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT
IN
THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ

FINAL REPORT
(SUMMARY)

DECEMBER 2017

Japan International Cooperation Agency

7R
NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. JR
17-027
THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ
MINISTRY OF ELECTRICITY

SPECIAL ASSISTANCE FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION (SAPI)

FOR
ELECTRICITY SECTOR RECONSTRUCTION PROJECT
IN
THE REPUBLIC OF IRAQ

FINAL REPORT
(SUMMARY)

DECEMBER 2017

Japan International Cooperation Agency

NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD.

 FINAL REPORT (SUMMARY)
for
Special Assistance for Project Implementation (SAPI)
for
Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project
in
the Republic of Iraq

CONTENTS

1. Background and Objective ........................................................................................................... 1

2. Electric Power Sector in Iraq ........................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Ministry of Electricity ......................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Electricity Power Demand and Supply .............................................................................. 3
2.3 Electric Power Facilities .................................................................................................... 6
2.4 Development Plans ........................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Cooperation from Other Donners ....................................................................................... 10

3. Power System Analysis ................................................................................................................ 13

3.1 Power Network System in 2020 ........................................................................................ 13
3.2 Power System Analysis ...................................................................................................... 15
3.3 Fault Current Analysis ....................................................................................................... 17
3.4 N-1 Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 17

4. Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (IQ-P8) ........................................................................ 18

5. Reconstruction Needs for Power Sector ...................................................................................... 20

6. Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................................................ 26

6.1 Lessons Learned from IQ-P8 ............................................................................................. 26
6.2 Possibility of Japan's Support for Electricity Sector in Iraq ................................................. 28

i
 Tables

Table 2-1 Calculated Peak Demand in 2015 ................................................................................... 4

Table 2-2 Existing Power Plants in April 2016 ................................................................................. 6
Table 2-3 Peak Demand Forecast by Governorates ....................................................................... 8

Table 3-1 Result of Fault Current Analysis for 400 kV System ...................................................... 17
Table 3-2 Result of Fault Current Analysis for 132 kV System ...................................................... 17

Table 5-1 Reconstruction Needs for Liberated Area and Conflict Affected Area (1) ...................... 20
Table 5-2 Reconstruction Needs for Liberated Area and Conflict Affected Area (2) ...................... 21
Table 5-3 Planned 400 kV Substations ......................................................................................... 22
Table 5-4 Planned 132 kV Substations ......................................................................................... 22
Table 5-5 Planned Procurement of 400 kV Auto-Transformers ..................................................... 25
Table 5-6 Planned Procurement of 132 kV Mobile Substations .................................................... 25

Figures

Figure 2-1 Daily Load Curves ........................................................................................................... 4

Figure 2-2 Power Supply Rates in 2015 ........................................................................................... 5
Figure 2-3 Energy Production in 2014 .............................................................................................. 6
Figure 2-4 Demand Forecast 2015 – 2030 ....................................................................................... 7
Figure 2-4 Planned 400 kV Network in 2020 .................................................................................... 9

Figure 3-1 Planned Power Network System in 2020 ...................................................................... 13

Figure 3-2 Planned 400 kV Transmission Line Length and Capacity in 2020 ................................. 14
Figure 3-3 Substation Busbar Voltage Profile in 400 kV Network in 2020 ...................................... 15
Figure 3-4 Power Flow on 400 kV Network in 2020 ........................................................................ 16

Figure 4 -1 Location of the Project Sites .......................................................................................... 19

ii
 Abbreviations

AIS : Air Insulated Switchgear

CB : Circuit Breaker

EN : Exchange of Notes

GEF : Global Environment Facility

GIS : Gas Insulated Switchgear

IBRD : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

IDA : International Development Association
IPP : Independent Power Producer
ISIL : Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant

JICA : Japan International Cooperation Agency

JPY : Japanese Yen
IQD : Iraqi Dinar

KfW : Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau

L/C : Letter of Credit

MOE : Ministry of Electricity

MOF : Ministry of Finance
MOP : Ministry of Planning
MS : Mobile Substation

ODA : Official Development Assistance

PMT : Project Management Team

PQ : Pre-qualification
PSS/E : Power System Simulator for Engineering
PV : Photo-Voltaic

SAPI : Special Assistance for Project Implementation

SCS : Substation Control System
SS : Substation

TEPSCO : Tokyo Electric Power Services Co., Ltd.

TL : Transmission Line
TOAC : Taking Over Acceptance Certificate

UNDP : United Nations Development Programme

USAID : United States Agency for International Development
USD : United States Dollar

WB : World Bank

Exchange Rate (as of December 2017)

1 US dollar = 112.91 Japanese Yen

1 US dollar = 1,196.43 Iraqi Dinar

1 Iraqi Dinar = 0.0963 Japanese Yen

iii
 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

SUMMARY

1. Background and Objective

Since the electric power facilities in the Republic of Iraq (Iraq) such as power plants,
transmission lines, substations, and distribution lines were devastated and deteriorated
because of repeated conflicts and economic sanctions, their functions have been
significantly decreased. Although reconstruction of the facilities has been gradually
progressed since the end of the Iraq War, power supply capacity against the demand is still
about 67-75% and long power outages are frequent. Since the electric power demand is
projected to be increased along with the instauration progress and population increase,
restoration and improvement of the electricity sector has become one of the most vital issues
for the Iraqi reconstruction.

The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has been assisting the Iraqi electricity
sector through many grant-aid and loan projects. Rehabilitation and expansion works of
substation facilities has commenced under the “Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project
(Phase 1)” of which the loan agreement was signed between the Government of Iraq and the
Government of Japan in January 2008. JICA also conducted the Preparatory Survey on
Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project II (Phase 2 Study) in 2013 to formulate further
assistance projects that aims to improve the power transmission and distribution networks.
The loan agreement of the Phase 2 project was signed in June 2015 based on the result of
the survey.

However, because the construction sites under the Phase 1 project are spread all over the
country, it is difficult to say that the appropriate construction supervision by experienced
electrical experts has been made. To carry forward the next phase of the project hereafter,
it is necessary to strengthen the project implementation structure. In addition, the electric
power facilities have been destroyed by the invasion of the Islamic State in Iraq and the
Levant (ISIL). This forces to change some construction sites under the Phase 1 project and
creates new reconstruction needs. Upon the site change, it is necessary to consider
security situation, reconstruction needs, and current situation of the electric power facilities.

Under such circumstances, JICA decided to conduct this study on Special Assistance for
Project Implementation (SAPI) on Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project. The main
objectives of the study are to:

1) Collect and identify issues and lessons learned based on the actual implementation

1
Summary

status of construction sites under the Phase 1 project,

2) Collect and analyze information on current power supply and demand situation and the
reconstruction needs in Iraq, and

3) Seek out possibilities for further cooperation of Japan for reconstruction and new
development of electric power facilities in the future.

This study covers the area throughout Iraq, especially in the Middle and Southern Regions,
except the Kurdistan Region.

The scope of this study is as follows:

1) Confirmation of current situation of the electric power facilities including power flow
calculations;

2) Confirmation of damage situation and reconstruction needs of the facilities including the
reconstruction plan prepared by the Ministry of Electricity (MOE), priority, etc.;

3) Confirmation of implementation structure of the electric power development projects

including organization, staff assignment, measures for safety, etc.;

4) Collection of information on assistance to power sector by other international donors;

5) Confirmation of status of each construction site under the Phase 1 project and
identification of issues and lessons learned for the next phase of the project;

6) Collection of information on possibility of cooperation for the power sector in the future;
and

7) Preparation of several reports.

2
 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

2. Electric Power Sector in Iraq

Prior to the Gulf War, electricity system in Iraq was in proper condition with generation
capacity exceeded the demand. The total installed generating capacity was 9,295 MW with
a peak demand of about 5,100 MW. Approximately 87% of the population had access to
electricity1.

During the Gulf War in 1991, the electricity system in Iraq suffered severe damage. Several
generating plants and substations were damaged and the transmission lines were put out of
service. After the war, although about 50% of the generation capacity was restored by the
end of 2002, electric power supply remained insufficient and unreliable, and programmed
load shedding and unplanned power outages were frequent.

In this chapter, current situation and development plans of electric power sector in Iraq are
described.

2.1 Ministry of Electricity

The Ministry of Electricity (MOE) in Iraq is an electric power utility in Iraq and is responsible
for both the policymaking and electricity supply throughout the country including electric
power generation, transmission, and distribution.

Under the Minister of MOE, there are three deputy ministers, such as Deputy Minister for
Generation, Deputy Minister for Distribution, and Deputy Minister for Projects, and there are
Minister’s Office, Internal Control Section, General Inspector Office, and Information Center.
There are ten offices as headquarter functions and four Director Generals for 1) Electric
Power Generation, 2) Electric Power Transmission, 3) Electric Power Distribution, and 4)
Other (Projects).

2.2 Electricity Power Demand and Supply

(1) Daily Load Curves

Figure 2-1 shows the daily load curves of the whole Iraq in four months: January, March, July,
and October in 2015.

1 Source: “United Nations/World Bank Joint Iraq Needs Assessment: Electricity,” p. 1, October 2003.

3
Summary

20,000

(MW)
18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
2015/10/1 2015/3/1 2015/7/1 2015/1/1 (hours)

Figure 2-1 Daily Load Curves (Source: MOE)

The daily load curves show that there are two daily peaks: one in the early afternoon and the
other in nighttime. The difference between night and day loads is not as large as expected
for hot-climate countries where night peak is about 60-70% of day peak. It is considered
that the non-residential load, especially the industrial load, is contributing to the high demand
at night.

Table 2-1 shows the calculated peak demand for each governorate in Iraq in 2015.

Table 2-1 Calculated Peak Demand in 2015

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Governorates (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW) (MW)

Baghdad 4,112 3,930 3,253 3,080 3,961 4,439 4,778 4,704 4,451 3,956 3,156 3,738
Ninewa 1,515 1,423 1,175 1,119 1,439 1,831 1,984 1,995 1,881 1,616 1,341 1,978
Kirkuk 775 703 647 597 695 771 834 838 790 679 694 944
Salahaddin 688 646 533 511 719 883 956 961 907 779 627 982
Anbar 813 764 631 582 717 915 992 997 940 808 643 983
Diyala 582 548 459 467 629 705 764 768 724 622 514 660
Babylon 666 625 522 543 702 732 794 803 757 647 545 664
Karbala 529 486 410 445 587 604 641 662 623 526 470 632
Najaf 604 567 470 467 593 623 675 680 644 552 460 639
Qadisiyah 454 425 354 365 452 450 486 490 462 397 328 408
Wasit 523 477 391 385 518 623 673 704 634 518 427 546
Muthanna 359 338 280 321 395 379 410 417 394 335 266 298
DhiQar 631 589 485 524 775 934 1,012 1,018 961 828 655 641
Maysan 462 432 359 369 513 580 623 635 613 507 395 435
Basra 1,434 1,326 1,101 1,236 2,115 2,554 2,766 2,854 2,663 2,212 1,706 1,448
Aux.+ Loss 1,485 1,403 1,106 820 1,038 1,293 1,451 1,419 1,364 1,179 875 1,132

Total 15,632 14,683 12,177 11,829 15,849 18,317 19,838 19,946 18,808 16,162 13,103 16,129
(Source: Prepared by the Study Team based on the MOE data)

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

The maximum total peak demand required in August was 19,946 MW in 2015. The largest
demand was Baghdad, which accounted for 24% of the total peak demand. Next was
Basra, which accounted for 14%. Ninewa accounted for 10%. Hence, total peak demand
of Baghdad, Basra, and Ninewa accounted for about 50% of the total demand in Iraq.

As shown in the above table, peak loads are recorded in summer, July and August, because
of the demand for air-conditioning facilities in the hottest season in Iraq, and bottom loads
are recorded in March and April, in calm climate season.

According to the MOE’s Annual Report 2014, electric power plants of MOE were able to
meet only 38% of the actual electricity demand. Although some independent power
producer (IPP) plants and power import from neighboring countries, Iran and Turkey tried to
fill the gap; however, scheduled load shedding for the whole country was unavoidable.

(2) Power Supply in Iraq

Power supply rates calculated from required energy, supplied energy, and power supply hour
rates of each governorate in 2015 are shown in Figure 2-2.

100%
Baghdad
Power Supply Rate

90% Ninewa

Kirkuk
80%
Salah Al-Din

70% Anbar

Diyala
60%
Babylon
50% Karbala

Najaf
40%
Qadisiyah
30% Wassit

Muthanna
20%
Thi-Qar
10% Maysan

Basra
0%
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Month

Figure 2-2 Power Supply Rates in 2015 (Source: MOE)

As shown in Figure 2-2, the power supply rates in the governorates in the northern area
were less than 50%, and it is found that overall power supply situation in Iraq was insufficient.

5
Summary

2.3 Electric Power Facilities

(1) Power Plants

Total installed capacity of MOE’s electric power generating plants as of April 2016 was
22,667 MW of which, steam thermal plants: 3,305 MW, gas thermal plants: 15,000 MW,
diesel plants: 1,864 MW, and hydropower plants: 1,864 MW as shown in Table 2-2.

Table 2-2 Existing Power Plants in April 2016 (Source: MOE)

Power Plant Types Nos. of Installed Capacity Participation

Plants (MW) (%)
Thermal Power Plants Steam Turbine 8 3,305 14.6%
Gas Turbine 36 15,000 66.2%
Diesel 20 2,498 11.0%
Hydro Power Plants 8 1,864 8.2%
Total 72 22,667 100.0%

As shown in the above table, about 92% of the total generating facilities of MOE are of
thermal power. The total firm capacity is about 40% (about 9,100 MW) in accordance with
the MOE.

To make up for the electric power shortage, MOE imports electric power from neighboring
countries such as Turkey and Iran, IPP power plants, and Kurdistan network.

The energy production situation in Iraq in 2014 is shown in Figure 2-3.

Import Steam 
15% turbine
26%
Diesel
9%

Hydroelectric
4% Generation Type Energy (GWh)
Steam turbine 20,840
Gas turbine 37,046
Portable generator 0
Portable  Hydroelectric 2,935
generator Diesel 6,947
Gas turbine
0%
46%
Import 12,251
Total 80,018

Figure 2-3 Energy Production in 2014 (Source: MOE Annual Report 2014)

The produced energy in 2014 was 80,018 GWh in total and higher energy production rates
were gas turbine generation (46%) and steam turbine generation (26%).

(2) High Voltage Transmission Lines

Main transmission system voltages in Iraq are 400 kV and 132 kV of which, total

6
 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

transmission line length is 5,262 km and 13,223 km, respectively as of April 2016.
Transmission losses was approximately 3.5% in accordance with the MOE, and this is
comparable to the neighboring countries.

(3) High Voltage Substations

There are 36 existing 400 kV substations with 93 units of 250 MVA auto-transformers, 23,250
MVA capacity in total.

There are 234 existing 132 kV substations with 593 units of several capacities of
transformers, 34,509.4 MVA capacity in total.

2.4 Development Plans

(1) Peak Demand Forecast

Electric power demand forecast is essential for preparing national power system
development plan. Power demand forecast in Iraq prepared by MOE is shown in Figure 2-4.
The figure shows that the peak power demand in 2015 was forecasted at 20,993 MW and
peak power demand is expected to increase at 54,094 MW in 2030, which is more than
double that of 2015. For this reason, there will be a need for the development of the same
size of power plants and power facilities.

Figure 2-4 Demand Forecast 2015 – 2030 (Source: MOE)

Table 2-3 shows the peak demand forecast by governorates in 2015 and 2030. The
average growth rate of peak demand in the whole country is 6.51% per year. The highest
growth rates among the governorates than the average growth rate are Thi-Qar (7.03% per

7
Summary

year) and Kirkuk (6.91% per year).

Table 2-3 Peak Demand Forecast by Governorates

Governorates 2015 Contribution 2030 Contribution Growth Rate

Ninawa 2,172 MW 10.3% 5,662 MW 10.5% 6.60%
Kirkuk 766 MW 3.6% 2,087 MW 3.9% 6.91%
Diyala 584 MW 2.8% 1,574 MW 2.9% 6.83%
Al-Anbar 1,431 MW 6.8% 2,742 MW 5.1% 4.43%
Baghdad 6,520 MW 31.1% 17,292 MW 32.0% 6.72%
Babil 1,103 MW 5.3% 2,632 MW 4.9% 5.97%
Kerbala 776 MW 3.7% 1,873 MW 3.5% 6.05%
Wasit 675 MW 3.2% 1,575 MW 2.9% 5.81%
Salah Al-Deen 935 MW 4.5% 2,513 MW 4.6% 6.81%
Al-Najaf 865 MW 4.1% 2,316 MW 4.3% 6.79%
Al-Qadisiya 753 MW 3.6% 1,974 MW 3.6% 6.64%
Al-Muthanna 508 MW 2.4% 1,260 MW 2.3% 6.24%
Thi-Qar 958 MW 4.6% 2,653 MW 4.9% 7.03%
Missan 672 MW 3.2% 1,802 MW 3.3% 6.80%
Basra 2,275 MW 10.8% 6,139 MW 11.3% 6.84%
Total 20,993 MW 100.0% 54,094 MW 100.0% 6.51%
(Source: MOE)

The higher peak demands by governorates in 2015 are Baghdad: 6,520 MW (31.1%), Basra:
2,275 MW (10.8%), and Ninawa: 2,172 MW (10.3%). The same situation is also expected
in 2030.

(2) Planned Power System Network in 2020

The 400 kV network plays the role of the bulk power transmission system among areas and
the 132 kV network plays the role of the local supply.

Figure 2-4 shows the planned 400 kV bulk power network as of 2020. The 400 kV
transmission lines are particularly enhanced in the north-south direction. Mosul, Baghdad,
and Basra cities are located on this transmission line.

8
 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

NINEWA
Mosul MainDam
Kesek Khormala

Mosul
Pump storage
Mosul Mosul KIRKUK Legend
East
400kV Transmission line
Nenava Substation
Dibis
Al-Shamal
Power plant

Baiji Gas Kirkuk

Mansuriya
SALAH-AL-DIN

Baiji
Thermal DIYALA
Haditha
Salah al-dean
Qa’im Baiji
New Gas Sadr
Qudis

Dyala

BGNW
ANBAR Ameen BAGHDAD
BGW BGE
BGN Bismaya

Al-Anbar BGC
Yusfiya
Thermal Rusafa
Yusfiya BGS Dora
IPP Musayab
Thermal

Wasit
BABIL
WASSIT
Babil Musayab Kut
Gas NBA
Khairat
Dhifaf
MISSAN
QADISSIYA Amara
KERBALA Khairat
IPP Kadisiya Maysan
Najaf Dewaniya IPP
Qurna
Nasiriyah
Shatra Thermal Rumaila Hartha
Muthanna Shat
IPP
alarab
NAJAF

MUTHANNA Samawa
Shat
Basra al Basra
Nasiriyah Gas
THI-QAR

Rumaila Najibia
FAO

Khor al BASRAH
Zuber

Figure 2-4 Planned 400 kV Network in 2020 (Source: MOE)

(3) Power Plants Development Plan

Total installed capacity of the planned additional generating plants up to 2020 is

approximately 19,400 MW, and the total firm capacity as of 2015 is about 9,100 MW. Thus,
total generating capacity expected in 2020 in Iraq is to be about 28,500 MW. It will almost
be able to cover the forecast demand in 2020, which is about 28,531 MW, however, there is

9
Summary

no surplus margin, and if some development plans are to be delayed or some generating
plants in maintenance, power shortage might happen.

2.5 Cooperation from Other Donners

(1) World Bank Group

The main assistance projects undertaken / underway by the World Bank Group on the
electricity sector in Iraq in the past ten years are as follows:

1) Emergency Electricity Reconstruction Project (March 2007 – June 2015)

The objectives of this project were to: (i) alleviate the current power supply shortfall by
restoring the generation capacity of the Hartha Power Station Units 2 and 3 to 400 MW
(200 MW × 2 units), and (ii) lay the groundwork for improved power system planning
and fuel supply by providing the tools and other support necessary to enhance in-house
capability to prepare, implement, and operate current and future projects.

The project had the following two main components:

i) Rehabilitation of Hartha Power Station (USD 144 million at appraisal including

contingencies; USD 183.02 million actual)
This component included the rehabilitation of units 2 and 3 of the Hartha Power
Station, engineering services, support in bid evaluation, supply of equipment
and installation services, construction supervision, partial implementation of
environmental mitigation measures, and support to the Project Management
Team (PMT) as well as to the MOE up to the end of the defects liability period.

ii) Support Services (USD 6 million at appraisal; USD 4.6 million actual)
This component intended to provide the PMT and MOE with support services
for the preparation and supervision of the rehabilitation contract and other
capacity-building activities, including: preparation of least-cost reconstruction
and expansion plans, feasibility studies, advisory services for future projects,
office equipment, independent audits, and regional and overseas training in
such areas as operations, maintenance, environmental quality, financial
management, and project management.

However, despite the rehabilitation work for about eight years including the interruption
period, the project components i) mentioned above, due to contractual problems with
contractors and project fund shortage, about 76% at the time of equipment delivery and
30% installation work were carried out. It was terminated in June 2015 and the
renovation work is incomplete.

2) Integrated National Energy Strategy Technical Assistance Project (October 2010 – June
2013)

10
 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

The objective of this project was to improve the ability of the government to develop an
energy strategy that was designed to increase the contribution of the sector to
sustainable development. The final project cost was about USD 8.5 million, but the
allocation by sector was 60% for the oil and gas sector, 30% for the electricity sector,
and 10% for the other energy sectors.

The project had the following two main components:

i) Development of an Integrated National Energy Strategy (USD 4.5 million at

appraisal; USD 7.9 million actual): Provision of technical assistance for the
development of an integrated national energy strategy for Iraq’s oil, gas, and
power sectors.

ii) Project Management (USD 1.75 million at appraisal; USD 0.6 million actual):
Supporting the PMT in project management, monitoring, and evaluation through
provision of training, consultant services, including project audit and financing of
operating costs.

3) Emergency Operation for Development Project (July 2015 – June 2020 (planned))
The objective of this project is to support the Republic of Iraq in the reconstruction of
damaged infrastructure attached by ISIL and the restoration of public services delivery
in targeted municipal areas including Tikrit, Dour, Al Daloeya and Al-Alam in Salah Al-
Din Province; and Jalula, As-Sadiya and Al-Azeem in Diyala Province.

The project consists of six components, with a total project cost of USD 350 million,
each allocated budget is as follows:

i) Restoring Electricity Infrastructure and Connectivity (USD 75 million)

ii) Restoring Municipal Waste, Water, and Sanitation Services (USD 60 million)
iii) Restoring Transport Infrastructure and Developing a Housing Reconstruction
Subsidy Scheme (USD 140 million)
iv) Restoring Health Services (USD 42 million)
v) Technical Assistance (USD 25 million)
vi) Project Management, Sensitization, and Monitoring and Evaluation (USD 8 million)

(2) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

The UNDP currently contributes USD 215,200 through the Global Environment Facility
(GEF) fund and supports the following projects:

1) Catalyzing the Use of Solar Photovoltaic Energy (October 2014 – October 2018)
The purpose of this project is to suppress the use of power generation facilities in Iraq,
especially private diesel generators with poor efficiency, which depends heavily on
fossil fuels by introducing small and large-scale solar photovoltaic generation facilities,

11
Summary

and the following effects are expected:

i) Reduce dependence on fossil fuel;

ii) Result in direct GHG reductions of approximately 741,622 tones CO2; and
iii) Provide reliable power to the Iraqi people to support development and a better
standard of living.

(3) KfW Development Bank (KfW)

According to the press release from KfW dated on 13 February 2017, KfW and the
Government of Iraq signed a framework agreement for an untied financial credit EUR 500
million in total emphasizing on restoring the foundations for basic public services in order to
enable internally displaced persons to return to areas liberated from ISIL.

The funds will be used for maintaining public infrastructure, particularly in regions that could
be liberated from ISIL. The measures being supported will include supplying basic services
such as water, sanitation, and electricity, as well as transport infrastructure.

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

3. Power System Analysis

3.1 Power Network System in 2020

Figures 3-1 and 3-2 show the planned 400 kV transmission line network in 2020 based on
the PSS/E data provided by the MOE. The total length of the 400 kV transmission line is
approximately 9,100 km, which is about two times that of in 2015.

Mosul MainDam
Kesek Khormala

Mosul
Pump storage
Mosul Mosul Legend
East < Transmission line >
Existing as of 2014
Nenava Planned 2016 - 2020
Dibis
< Substation >
Al-Shamal
Existing as of 2014
Baiji Gas Kirkuk
Planned 2016 - 2020
Mansuriya
< Power plant >
Existing as of 2014
Baiji
Thermal
Haditha Planned 2016 - 2020
Salah al-dean
Baiji
Qa’im New Gas Sadr
Qudis

Dyala

BGNW
Ameen
BGW BGE
BGN Bismaya

Al-Anbar BGC
Yusfiya
Thermal Rusafa

Yusfiya IPP Musayab BGS Dora

Thermal

Wasit

Babil Musayab Kut

Gas NBA
Khairat
Dhifaf

Amara
Khairat IPP
Kadisiya Maysan
Najaf IPP
Dewaniya
Qurna
Nasiriyah
Shatra Thermal Rumaila Hartha
Muthanna
IPP
Shat alarab

Samawa
Shat
Basra al Basra
Nasiriyah Gas

Rumaila Najibia
FAO

(Source: PSS/E data in 2020 provided by MOE) Khor al Zuber

Figure 3-1 Planned Power Network System in 2020

13
Summary

Mosul MainDam
Kesek Khormala
3 30 65

Mosul 63
Pump storage
Mosul 50 Mosul Legend
East

70
100 82
400kV Transmission line

70
Nenava Current carrying capacity 970 – 1,000MVA/1cct
Dibis Current carrying capacity 2,774MVA/1cct
Al-Shamal 55 20
Transmission line length [Unit : km ]
Kirkuk 20
Baiji Gas
176
92 165 Mansuriya
137

Substation

23
1

0
Power plant
Baiji
Thermal
Haditha

110
Salah al-dean
Baiji
Qa’im New Gas Sadr

90
128 151 Qudis
223

Dyala
242

22
12

0 90
0

15
BGNW 15
18
9

35 Ameen
20
BGW 30 BGE 0
3Bismaya
120 BGN
37
Al-Anbar BGC
30
Yusfiya
50

34 Thermal Rusafa
30
Yusfiya IPP Musayab BGS Dora
63
Thermal
85

54
68

Wasit
100

6
78

Babil Musayab Kut

Gas NBA
Khairat
40

Dhifaf
20
0

229
91

40
12 Amara
Khairat IPP 40
Kadisiya
70

Maysan
Najaf 50
65

Dewaniya IPP
185
160

17
0 110 Qurna
Nasiriyah
140 Shatra Thermal Rumaila Hartha
Muthanna 80 100 IPP
Shat alarab
10
1

Samawa
54

Shat
14

26

Basra al Basra
5

Nasiriyah Gas
13
110

Rumaila 67 Najibia
105
26

FAO

Khor al Zuber
(Source: PSS/E data in 2020 provided by MOE)

Figure 3-2 Planned 400 kV Transmission Line Length and Capacity in 2020

Two types of current carrying capacities are applied for the 400 kV transmission lines (i.e.
970-1,000 MVA and 2,774 MVA per one circuit). The later transmission lines are
constructed from Maysan IPP Power Station to Baghdad North West Substation to transport
generated power by the power plants in the southern area to central Baghdad area.

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3.2 Power System Analysis

PSS/E data provided by the MOE contains the planned 400 kV and 132 kV power system in
2020. The Study Team corrected some parts of the data which apparently contained
incorrect data regarding the 132 kV network. Some transformer tap values in the same
substation were also modified in its proper range. Figures 3-3 and 3-4 show the results of
the power flow analysis for the 2020 network, and the busbar voltage profile and power flow
on the 400 kV network during the peak demand, respectively.

Mosul MainDam
Kesek Khormala
403 403 397 409

Mosul
Pump storage
Mosul 397
400 Mosul Legend
East
400kV Transmission line
Nenava 401 Substation
407 414 Dibis
Al-Shamal
Power plant

Baiji Gas 413 Kirkuk

Mansuriya
414
414
Unit [kV]
414 Baiji
Thermal
Haditha
Baiji Salah al- dean 410
Qa’im New Gas
416 Sadr
419 417 Qudis

407 408 Dyala

408
BGNW
407 406 Ameen
407 407
BGW BGE
BGN Bismaya
409 408
402
Al-Anbar BGC
409 Yusfiya
Thermal 401 Rusafa
410 BGS Dora
Yusfiya IPP 407 Musayab
Thermal 405 399

Wasit
409 406
410
Babil Musayab 404 Kut
407 Gas 402 NBA
Khairat
Dhifaf 407
406
405 400 Amara
Khairat IPP 407
Kadisiya 401 Maysan 406
Najaf IPP
404 Dewaniya
406 Qurna
Nasiriyah 399
Shatra Thermal Rumaila Hartha
Muthanna 404 403 IPP
401 Shat alarab
399 403 403
Samawa 401
Shat
Basra al Basra
416
Nasiriyah Gas 400
399 401

Rumaila Najibia
407
FAO
399
(Source: Prepared by the Study Team) Khor al Zuber

Figure 3-3 Substation Busbar Voltage Profile in 400 kV Network in 2020

15
Summary

As shown in Figure 3-3, the busbar voltage profile of the 400 kV and 132 kV systems were
prescribed value by adjusting the generator terminal voltages, transformer tap values, and
the amount of the static capacitors.

Mosul MainDam
98 278 Kesek 555 Khormala
98 187 582
306
Mosul 8
Pump storage 233 389
Mosul 728
760 Mosul Legend
East
424 400kV Transmission line
229 217
Nenava 250
376 308 594 Substation
‐160 Dibis
540 266
Al-Shamal
21 455 Power plant
311
Baiji Gas 697 Kirkuk
Mansuriya
383
226 374 149 64 185 516
Unit [MW]
9
420 Baiji
540
Thermal 1100 267
Haditha 138
Baiji Salah al-dean 515 231
Qa’im 214 New Gas
6 346 Iran
631 174 Sadr 347
197 109 Qudis
75
198
200 921
9 23 184 524 Dyala
777
297 308 322 4
100
BGNW 525 397
508 198 Ameen
22 709 628 272
BGW BGE 281
376 BGN Bismaya
598 809
434 111 758 2000
1000 Al-Anbar 47 BGC
606 Yusfiya 236 726
719 336 Thermal Rusafa
710
BGS 401
Yusfiya IPP 1116 420 Musayab 352 Dora
Thermal 132 17 347 400
388 210
660 17
187 255 Wasit
35 514 65 353
82
211 214 920 287
Babil Musayab 503 Kut
622 417 Gas 250 NBA
Khairat
Dhifaf 520 398 86 109
5 141 317 343
250 535
250 883 Amara
270Khairat IPP 600
11 Kadisiya 535 244 569 600
Maysan 286
Najaf IPP
203 360 448 Dewaniya 610 542 68
77
384 151 236 Qurna
690 Nasiriyah
Shatra931 Thermal Rumaila
430
Muthanna 250 151 Hartha
643 348 464 IPP
523 120 497 Shat alarab
600 805 380 119 80
Samawa 412 46 64
80
600 195 114 Shat
498 Basra al Basra
1494
Nasiriyah Gas 815
952
570 18 419 400
1524 95
Rumaila Najibia
234
271 707 FAO
474
(Source: Prepared by the Study Team) Khor al Zuber 160

Figure 3-4 Power Flow on 400 kV Network in 2020

As shown in Figure 3-4, no overload is observed on all the 400 kV substations and
transmission lines.

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3.3 Fault Current Analysis

The fault currents on the 400 kV and 132 kV systems up to the fifth level are shown in Tables
3-1 and 3-2, respectively.

Table 3-1 Result of Fault Current Analysis for 400 kV System

No. Station Name Fault Current [kA]

1 Bagdad South 42
2 Bismaya 41
3 Ameen 36
4 Baghdad North West 36
5 Baghdad North 35
(Source: Prepared by the Study Team)

Table 3-2 Result of Fault Current Analysis for 132 kV System

No. Station Name Fault Current [kA]

1 Jamilah 52
2 New Jamilah 52
3 Sadr city 51
4 Baghdad North 50
5 Thawra 50
(Source: Prepared by the Study Team)

As shown in the tables, although all fault currents in the 400 kV substation are within the
allowable range, in some of the 132 kV substations, they exceeded 40 kA. It is considered
that the reason for the increment of fault currents in the 132 kV substations are as follows;

1) Development of many 400 kV transmission lines, substations, and power plants, and
2) Complex 132 kV loop network system.

3.4 N-1 Analysis

To check the reliability level of the power network system, the Study Team carried out an N-1
analysis for the 400 kV and 132 kV network in 2020. The analysis results shows;

1) The 400 kV transmission lines and the 400 kV substations satisfy the N-1 criterion.

2) The expansion plan of the 400 kV transmission lines and substations is not considered
a problem.

3) The 132 kV transmission lines often do not meet the N-1 criterion.

4) Maximum overload on the 132 kV transmission line is about 245%.

5) The expansion plan of the 132 kV network needs further study.

17
Summary

4. Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (IQ-P8)

The main objective of the Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (IQ-P8, hereinafter
referred to as “the Project”) is to stabilize the power supply over the country by means of
construction and maintenance of substations and distribution facilities.

The fund provided by the Japanese ODA loan has been used for the supply of substation
and distribution facilities and consulting services for the Project.

Executing agency of the Project is the Ministry of Electricity (MOE) in Iraq.

The Project consists of the following lots (subprojects);

Lot 1: Rehabilitation for the Existing 132 kV Mobile SS and Supply of New 132 kV Mobile SS
(Subproject 1 and Subproject 2)

Lot 2: Supply of Transformer and Switchgear (Subproject 3 and Subproject 4)

Lot 3: Construction of New 132 kV SS (Subproject 5)

Lot 4: Construction of 33/11 kV Substations (Subproject 6 and Subproject 7)

Lot 5: Supply of 33/11 kV Mobile SS (Sub-project 8)

Lot 6: Construction of 400 kV GIS Substation

Figure 4-1 shows the location of the project sites.

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

Figure 4-1 Location of the Project Sites (Source: MOE)

19
Summary

5. Reconstruction Needs for Power Sector

(1) Reconstruction Needs for Liberated Area and Conflict Affected Area

Tables 5-1 and 5-2 show reconstruction needs of distribution substations in the Liberated
Area and Conflict Affected Area provided by the Distribution Office of MOE. Reconstruction
needs in Al-Anbar, Upper Euphrates, and Diyala are shown in Table 5-1 and needs in
Ninawa and Salah El-Din are shown in Table 5-2.

Al-Anbar Governorate has most reconstruction needs, 26 distribution substations. The

second largest needs are in Salah El-Din governorate, 15 distribution substations. As
shown in Table 5-1, most urgent needs are mobile substations, and as for the further needs,
construction of distribution substations is required. Although there are no explanations
about specific needs in Table 5-2 like Table 5-1, Table 5-2 shows the degree of damage
percentage in distribution substation. Seven out of 20 distribution substations are 100%
damaged; and 16 out of 20 distribution substations are more than 50% damaged.

Table 5-1 Reconstruction Needs for Liberated Area and Conflict Affected Area (1)

No. Governorates Substation Name Installed Capacity Urgent Needs Further Needs
1 Al-Anbar Al-Hadra Station 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
2 Al-Anbar Al-Nasir Station 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
3 Al-Anbar AL-Garma 1 Station 2 x 10 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) two Transformers (10 MVA)
2 x 10 fixed and Mobile 16 one mobile (10 MVA) and
4 Al-Anbar AL-Garma 2 Station construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
MVA one mobile (16 MVA)
5 Al-Anbar Al Nasaf Station Mobile 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) ------
6 Al-Anbar Al Taawon Station Mobile 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) ------
7 Al-Anbar Al Amiriya 1 Station 2 x 10 MVA ------ ------
8 Al-Anbar Al Amiriya 2 Station 2 x 5 MVA ------ ------
2 x 10 MVA fixed and
9 Al-Anbar Al Saqlawiya Station one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
Mobile 16 MVA
10 Al-Anbar Al Siyahiya Station 1 x 10 MVA + 1x 5 MVA ------ ------
Al Tharthar Station fixed 1 x 5 MVA and
11 Al-Anbar one Transformer (16 MVA) ------
(22 km) mobile 16 MVA
two Transformers (31.5
12 Al-Anbar Al Shuhadaa Station 2 x 31.5 MVA ------
MVA)
13 Al-Anbar Al Sharqiya Station 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
one mobile (10 MVA) and
14 Al-Anbar Al Qadesiya/Ramadi 2 x 31.5 MVA construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
one mobile (16 MVA)
15 Al-Anbar Al Hussain/Ramadi 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
16 Al-Anbar Kubaisa 2 x 10 MVA one Transformer (10 MVA)
17 Al-Anbar Al Mohamadi 2 x 10 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) two Transformers (16 MVA)
18 Al-Anbar Al Furat 2 x 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) two Transformers (31.5 MVA)
19 Al-Anbar Al Mashtal 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) two Transformers (31.5 MVA)
20 Al-Anbar 7 kilo 2 x 10 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) two Transformers (16 MVA)
21 Al-Anbar Al Eskan/mobile 1 x 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) ------
two Transformers (31.5
22 Al-Anbar South Ramadi 2 x 31.5 MVA ------
MVA)
23 Al-Anbar Al Jaraishiy 2 x 31.5 MVA two Transformers (31.5 ------

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

No. Governorates Substation Name Installed Capacity Urgent Needs Further Needs
MVA)
2 x 10 MVA Fixed + 16
24 Al-Anbar Al Khaldiya one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
MVA mobile
one Transformer (10 MVA) + one
25 Al-Anbar Al Malahama 2 x 10 MVA one mobile (10 MVA)
Transformer (16 MVA)
Al Habaniya Tamoz
26 Al-Anbar 2 x 5 MVA ------ ------
Base
Upper
27 Barawana Station Mobile (16 MVA) one Mobile (16 MVA) two Transformers (16 MVA)
Euphrates
28 Diyala Al Odhaim Station 2 x 31.5 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
29 Diyala Nawfal Station 2 x 16 MVA one Transformer (16 MVA) ------
30 Diyala Dalli Abbas Station 2 x 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) one Transformer (16 MVA)
31 Diyala Jalawlaa Station 2 x 16 MVA two mobile (10 MVA) two Transformers (31.5 MVA)
32 Diyala 2 x 10 MVA one mobile (10 MVA) two Transformers (10 MVA)
33 Diyala Al Sedor Area Station 1 x 16 MVA one mobile (16 MVA) construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
Qara Naba mobile 2 x 16 MVA + two mobile
34 Diyala ------ construction of 2 x 31.5 MVA
Station 5 MVA
(Source: MOE Distribution Office)

Table 5-2 Reconstruction Needs for Liberated Area and Conflict Affected Area (2)

No. Governorates Substation name Installed Capacity Damage Percentage

1 Ninawa Rabiea 10 MVA + 16 MVA 50% + 50%
2 Ninawa Domez Zamar 10 MVA 50%
3 Ninawa Snoni (North) 10 MVA 50%
4 Ninawa Wanah 10 MVA 50%
5 Ninawa Eski Mosul 10 MVA 50%
6 Salah El-Din Hetin Station/Tikrit District 2 x 31.5 MVA 100%
7 Salah El-Din Al Qadesiya Station/Tikrit District 2 x 31.5 MVA 40%
8 Salah El-Din Al Rayash Station/Tikrit District 2 x 16 MVA 100%
9 Salah El-Din Al Adja Station/Tikrit District 2 x 31.5 MVA 100%
10 Salah El-Din Al Shaheed Abdallah Station/Tikrit District 2 x 16 MVA 20%
11 Salah El-Din Al Maghibdi Station/Tikrit District 2 x 16 MVA 20%
12 Salah El-Din Albo-ajeel (mobile) Station/Tikrit District 1 x 16 MVA 100%
13 Salah El-Din Yathrib Station/Balad 2 x 31.5 MVA 100%
14 Salah El-Din Shatt AlArab Station/Balad 2 x 16 MVA 100%
15 Salah El-Din Albo-nimir Station/Samara 2 x 16 MVA 50%
16 Salah El-Din Yankja Station/Tooz District 2 x 16 MVA 50%
17 Salah El-Din Salman Bek Station/Tooz District 2 x 16 MVA 50%
18 Salah El-Din Al Dor New Station/Al Dor District 2 x 16 MVA 100%
19 Salah El-Din Al Mutawakil Station/Al Dor District 2 x 16 MVA 50%
20 Salah El-Din Jalam Al Dor (mobile) Station/Al Dor District 1 x 16 MVA 10%

(Source: MOE Distribution Office)

(2) Construction Needs for All Area

Tables 5-3 through 5-6 show planned 400 kV and 132 kV substations, 400 kV auto
transformers and 132 kV mobile substations for all areas in Iraq. These tables show high
priority substations and transformers to be constructed and/or procured.

21
Summary

These tables show the target year of completion, which is assumed in the “National
Development Plan 2013-2017”. However, because of the changing situation in Iraq, at this
time, the degree of priority of projects is explained as “Urgent”, “High”, and “Middle” in
descending order. Considering the priority in the tables, the priority is classified as follows:

Urgent needs: Ninawa, Salah Ad-Den, and Al-Anbar governorates

High needs: Kirkuk and Diyala governorates, and
Middle needs: Other than those above.

Tables 5-3 and 5-4 show planned 400 kV substations and 132 kV substations, respectively.
Comparing these tables, 132 kV substations seem to be more required than the 400 kV
substations. It is understandable that the number of 400 kV substations needs is fewer than
that of 132 kV substations needs. Against the 8,250 MVA of the total capacity for 400 kV
substations needs, the total capacity of 132 kV substations needs is 21,943 MW. In other
words, required capacity of 132 kV substations is more than 2.5 times of 400 kV substations.
In addition, as shown in Tables 5-5 and 5-6, procurement of 400 kV auto-transformers and
132 kV mobile substation are planned.

Table 5-3 Planned 400 kV Substations

New/
No. Governorate Substation Name Priority MVA Type Target Year of completion Rehabilitation
1 Ninawa Kesek Urgent 1,000 GIS 2017 New
2 Baghdad Yosofiyah Middle 1,000 AIS 2016 New
3 Baghdad Dora Middle 2,000 GIS 2019 New
4 Salah Ad-Den Salah Ad-Den Urgent 750 AIS 2016 Upgrading
5 Kerbala Dhefaf Kerbala Middle 2,000 GIS 2017 New
6 Kirkuk Debes High 500 --- 2015 Upgrading
7 Babil New babil Middle 1,000 GIS 2019 New

(source: MOE)

Table 5-4 Planned 132 kV Substations

Target Year of New/
No. Governorates Substation Names Priority MVA Type completion Rehabilitation
1 Ninawa Alnoor Urgent 189 GIS 2013 New
2 Ninawa Bertella Urgent 189 GIS 2013 New
3 Ninawa Mosel South Urgent 189 GIS 2014 New
4 Ninawa Mamoon Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
5 Ninawa Namroud Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
6 Ninawa Tal-Afer 2 Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
7 Ninawa Shemal dist. Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
8 Ninawa Yaremja South Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
9 Ninawa Resala Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
10 Ninawa Arbajyyah Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
11 Ninawa Farouq Urgent 189 GIS 2016 New
12 Ninawa Shallalat Urgent 189 GIS 2016 New
13 Ninawa Qayara 2 Urgent 150 GIS 2016 New
14 Ninawa Baaj Urgent 100 GIS 2016 New

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

Target Year of New/

No. Governorates Substation Names Priority MVA Type completion Rehabilitation
15 Ninawa Sherqat 2 Urgent 189 GIS 2016 New
16 Babil Jorf Al Skher Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
17 Babil Hashimaha Way Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
18 Babil Mahaweel Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
19 Babil Abo Gharaq Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
20 Babil Keffel Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
21 Babil Mosayab Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
22 Baghdad Al Turath Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
23 Baghdad Al Rabeea Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
24 Baghdad Al-Amel Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
25 Baghdad Toijar Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
26 Baghdad Sader Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
27 Baghdad Zayona Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
28 Baghdad Khan Bany Saad Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
29 Baghdad Tajeyat Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
30 Baghdad Mahmodeyah Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
31 Baghdad Latifeya new Middle 189 AIS 2014 New
32 Baghdad Sahafyeen Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
33 Baghdad Adala Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
34 Baghdad Alboatha Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
35 Baghdad Gayara Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
36 Baghdad Salman Bak Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
37 Baghdad Tariq Middle 270 GIS 2016 New
38 Baghdad Abo Ghreeb Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
39 Baghdad Emari Middle 270 GIS 2016 New
40 Baghdad Karada East Middle 270 GIS 2016 New
41 Baghdad Baladeyat Middle 270 GIS 2016 New
42 Baghdad Boob Alsham Middle 270 GIS 2017 New
43 Dhi Qar Refaee new Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
44 Dhi Qar Nasseryah East Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
45 Dhi Qar Aredoo Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
46 Dhi Qar Zaqoora Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
47 Dhi Qar Battha Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
48 Dhi Qar Chebayeesh Middle 126 GIS 2017 New
49 Meisan Albetera Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
50 Meisan Salih Castle Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
51 Meisan Kahla Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
52 Salah Ad-Den Samara South Urgent 189 GIS 2014 New
53 Salah Ad-Den Balad 2 Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
54 Salah Ad-Den Shesheen Vally Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
55 Salah Ad-Den Malweyah Urgent 270 GIS 2016 New
56 Salah Ad-Den Beiji South Urgent 189 GIS 2017 New
57 Al-muthanna Romaytha new Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
58 Al-muthanna Qadhaa Al Slman Middle 126 GIS 2018 New
59 Najaf Bahr-Al Najaf Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
60 Najaf Manathera Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
61 Najaf Matthana Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
62 Najaf Tire Factory Middle 189 GIS 2018 New

23
Summary

Target Year of New/

No. Governorates Substation Names Priority MVA Type completion Rehabilitation
63 Basra Airport (Nkhaila) Middle 189 GIS 2013 New
64 Basra Fayhaa Middle 270 GIS 2013 New
65 Basra Almdayna Middle 270 GIS 2014 New
66 Basra Aldaeer Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
67 Basra Industerial Iinstitute Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
68 Basra Qebla Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
69 Basra Qurna North Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
70 Basra Al Emam Al Sadek Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
71 Basra Turkish hospital Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
72 Basra Om-qaser North Middle 270 GIS 2017 New
73 Basra Ghadeer Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
74 Basra Marbid Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
75 Basra Saraji Middle 189 GIS 2018 New
76 Basra Shatt-Al Arab Middle 270 GIS 2019 New
77 Basra Sport City Middle 270 GIS 2019 New
78 Basra Qura Middle 189 GIS 2019 New
79 Qadissiya Dewanea West Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
80 Qadissiya Shameya new Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
81 Diyala Baquba North High 189 GIS 2014 New
82 Diyala Jalawla High 189 GIS 2014 New
83 Diyala Baquba North East High 189 GIS 2015 New
84 Kerbala Kerbala new Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
85 Kerbala Kerbala North new Middle 270 GIS 2015 New
86 Kerbala Kerbala South new Middle 270 GIS 2016 New
87 Kerbala Sawada Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
88 Kerbala Najaf Way Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
89 Kerbala Hussaineyah Middle 189 GIS 2018 New
90 Wasit Al-hay Middle 189 GIS 2014 New
91 Wasit Kout North West Middle 189 GIS 2015 New
92 Wasit Zubaidieah int. sec. Middle 189 GIS 2016 New
93 Wasit Kout Center Middle 189 GIS 2017 New
94 Wasit Hakeem Middle 189 GIS 2018 New
95 Kirkuk Kirkuk North High 189 GIS 2013 New
96 Kirkuk Banja Ali High 189 GIS 2015 New
97 Kirkuk Al-zab High 189 GIS 2015 New
98 Kirkuk Doz 2 High 189 GIS 2015 New
99 Kirkuk Daqouq High 100 GIS 2015 New
100 Kirkuk Debes new High 189 GIS 2016 New
101 Al-Anbar Ramadi west Urgent 189 GIS 2014 New
102 Al-Anbar Baghdadi Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
103 Al-Anbar Qaeem west Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
104 Al-Anbar Garma west Urgent 189 GIS 2015 New
105 Al-Anbar Cement fact. 1 Urgent 100 GIS 2015 New
106 Al-Anbar Cement fact. 2 Urgent 100 GIS 2015 New
107 Al-Anbar Saqlaweyah Urgent 189 GIS 2016 New
108 Al-Anbar Khalideyah south Urgent 189 GIS 2017 New
109 Al-Anbar Ramadi north Urgent 189 GIS 2018 New

(Source: MOE)

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Table 5-5 Planned Procurement of 400 kV Auto-Transformers

No. Governorate Substation Name Priority Target Year of Completion

1 AL-Kadisya AL-Kadisya Middle 2016
2 Wasit Wasit Middle 2016
3 Baghdad Baghdad West Middle 2016
4 Anbar Al-Qaim Urgent 2016

(Source: MOE)

Table 5-6 Planned Procurement of 132 kV Mobile Substations

No. Governorate Substation Name Priority Target Year of Completion

1 Mesan Amara East Middle 2016
2 Wasit Numanya Middle 2016
3 Baghdad Al-Mansure Middle 2016
4 Babylon Jurf Al-Sakher Middle 2016
5 Babylon Hilla South Middle 2016
6 Babylon Latifia Middle 2016
7 Anbar Fallujah North Urgent 2016
8 Anbar Fallujah South Urgent 2016
9 Anbar Old Anbar Urgent 2016
10 Anbar South Anbar Urgent 2016

(Source: MOE)

25
Summary

6. Conclusions and Recommendations

6.1 Lessons Learned from IQ-P8

Based on the lessons learned from IQ-P8, lessons and recommendations for each project
implementation stage are described in this clause in order to make it a reference for future
project implementation in Iraq.

(1) Design Stage (Project scope, design conditions, etc.)

1) In case that there are changes in site location, design condition and scope, then more
time is required in preparation of the design, based on which tender documents were
prepared. Therefore, it is important to firm up fundamental conditions of the project
beforehand.

2) It is recommended to comply with the following procedure when setting the design
conditions.
i) Defining in advance exactly where the supplied equipment will be installed.
ii) Deciding if there will be interconnection between the existing equipment and the
new supplied equipment.
iii) High light any special requirement or critical things in the existing sites.
iv) Reviewing the design with the authorized staff of the existing site, and recording
exactly their approval or comments, if any.

Those terms seem to be what the project implementation team of MOE and the
consultant has carried out and recommended to follow in the future projects.

3) It is important for the owner to confirm ownership of the land of the project site at an
early stage and acquire it as necessary. It is also important to check not only the
project site but also the presence or absence of regulation near the site.

(2) Tender Stage (Preparation of tender documents, evaluation, contract negotiation, etc.)

1) Preparation and changing of tender documents should be started in the very early stage
of the project as it consumes time for long discussions and clarification between the
owner and the Consultant, as follows:
- Selection of locations
- Site investigation for conditions inside and outside (adjacent obstacles on boundary
line) according to changing of sites/locations
- Changing of civil design on specified sites/locations
- Discussion for selecting reusable equipment (switchgear, others) on the
rehabilitation of existing substation

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

- Individual layout design is required due to limited and different dimensions of land
location
To minimize the tender documents’ preparation period, it is recommended that the
standardized substation layout may be applied to all substation sites as much as the
owner can require an adequate land for the standardized layout.

2) To reduce the needed time and effort; it is recommended to send individually the
technical specification by each subject and discuss it with the interested department or
engineers of the owner.

3) The contract documents should include specific requirements in case there is a need to
ship back the equipment to the manufacturer’s factory.

4) Around 30 days are the standard period of tender security after the validity of the tender
proposal. However, because of the country’s security, the owner, the consultant and
the tenderers could not conduct a face-to-face communication, and are in need of more
time than what was expected.

5) L/C opening process should be proceeded as early as possible. It is important that all
the concerned parties should understand well in advance the procedure to smoothly
open the L/C.

(3) Construction Stage (Design and manufacturing, transportation, installation, etc.)

1) The owner’s site teams were trained before the commencement date by the consultant
to be familiar with the documentation manual, site management manual and different
site situation with the contractual action to deal with. This good practical example
should also be practiced in the future projects.

2) The contractor should assign an efficient site manager with a good team of engineers,
technicians and workers to have the work done smoothly and with quality. This should
be clearly mentioned in the tender documents.

3) One of the most important points on project implementation is to secure the safety,
where the contractor should assign a well-trained safety engineer to monitor the site
work, and should consider the safety requirements to keep it safely executed,
preventing all kinds of harmful accidents. This should be clearly mentioned in the
tender documents.

4) In order to smoothly carry out civil engineering works and equipment installation work,
the contractor needs to share installation plans and layout information of each
equipment for civil subcontractors and manufacturers, and to implement equipment
manufacturing design and civil engineering design in cooperation with each other.

5) With regard to tax exemption procedures, the owner ought to actively support the

27
Summary

contractor in cooperation with related government authorities in order to promote the

import and receive of the equipment from customs. The contractors are also
encouraged to implement tax exemption applications for imported equipment and
materials through the owner at the earliest possible time, even before shipment.

6) In case the owner prefers to use a third party inspector for factory inspections and/or
commissioning tests, they should be hired directly by the owner and not through the
contractor.

7) Handling work of cargo at Umm Qasr Port should be carried out with more care and by
experienced staff. Although it may be difficult even for the contractor to control the
handling work at the port, the contractor should request/instruct the handler to be more
careful and use experienced staff.

8) Contract documents should include specific requirements in case of shipping back the
equipment to the manufacturer’s factory. Issuing re-export permission should have a
simpler and faster process.

(4) After Completion (Troubles during warranty period, etc.)

1) Although initial troubles on electrical equipment sometimes occur after completion and
commissioning in general projects, periodical check and maintenance helps to find out
the troubles in early stages.

2) A highly and comprehensive periodical check and maintenance should be carried out
on the equipment, to assure the health conditions of the equipment, also following the
manuals procedures in the general maintenance of the equipment will prevent any
arising problems.

(5) Others (Force majeure)

In case a force majeure event occurs, the owner should make efforts to gather information
and grasp the situation through government-related organizations, promptly share
information with the contractors and the consultants, and discuss the countermeasures
among the stakeholders.

6.2 Possibility of Japan's Support for Electricity Sector in Iraq

As discussed, the power supply facilities in Iraq are aging and being destroyed due to the
three wars and the long-term economic sanctions after the 1980s, despite the MOE's efforts
to restore its power facilities since the end of the war in 2003, Iraq has fallen into a chronic
power supply shortage. Especially, in the summer when power supply/demand balance is
very tight, planned blackouts are inevitable for a long time and have a great influence on
people's lives and economic activities. Furthermore, in addition to the situation where

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 SAPI for Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project in Iraq

restoration and maintenance of destroyed/aged transmission lines and substation equipment

cannot be made in time, due to the impact of the ISIL invasion after 2014, the power
equipment were seriously damaged and the normal power supply falls into more difficult
situation.

Also, as of November 2017, although recapturing Mosul by Iraqi forces is reported, the
electricity demand in Baghdad and its surrounding areas is increasing due to the population
increase because of the influx of internally displaced persons. Furthermore, in Anbar in the
west, the return of residents to the liberated areas recaptured from ISIL has started, but
damage to power facilities is enormous and sufficient electric power supply has not been
made so emergency restoration measures are required.

Under such circumstances, each international donor such as the World Bank Group is
implementing or expressing support for infrastructure reconstruction including the electric
power facilities in the liberated areas recaptured from ISIL and support for returning internally
displaced persons.

Japan has already been implementing the "Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (E/N
signed in April 2007)" and "Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (Phase 2) (E/N signed in
May 2015)", which are official development assistance (ODA) loan projects for reconstruction
and improvement of substation facilities in Iraq.

In addition to these, in order to encourage the return of internally displaced persons to the
liberated area as well as support for the improvement of electricity supply-demand balance
and restoration of electric power facilities, implementation of Japan's emergency
reconstruction assistance, "Electricity Sector Reconstruction Project (Phase 3)", has been
covenanted between the Government of Japan and the Government of the Republic of Iraq
(E/N signed in January 2017). The Phase 3 project has enormous significance in
contributing not only to the regional stabilization but also to the cooperation with other donors.
Therefore, early implementation of the Phase 3 Project is expected.

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