ICT TG Grade-12

INFORMATION
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
TEACHER GUIDE
GRADE 12
Authors
Dixit J.B.
Saurabh Gupta
Evaluators
Gelan Tulu
Genene Tadesse
Zekarias Kebede
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Laxmi Publications

Ministry of Education
Acknowledgements
The development, printing and distribution of this teacher guide has been funded through the General Education
Quality Improvement Project (GEQIP), which aims to improve the quality of education for Grades 1-12 students in
government schools throughout Ethiopia.
The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia received funding for GEQIP through credit/financing from the
International Development Associations (IDA), the Fast Track Initiative Catalytic Fund (FTICF) and other development
partners—Finland, Italian Development Cooperation, the Netherlands and UK aid from the Department for
International Development (DFID).
The Ministry of Education wishes to thank the many individuals, groups and other bodies involved—directly and
indirectly—in publishing the teacher guide and accompanying textbook.
© Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Education

First edition, 2002 (E.C.)
ISBN: 978-99944-2-252-4
Developed, printed and distributed for the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Education by Laxmi
Publications Pvt. Ltd., India under GEQIP Contract No. ET-MoE/GEQIP/IDA/ICB/G-02/09-D
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written
permission of the copyright owner or a licence permitting restricted copying in Ethiopia by the Federal Democratic
Republic of Ethiopia, Federal Negarit Gazeta, Proclamation No. 410/2004 Copyright and Neighboring Rights Protection
Proclamation, 10th year, No. 55, Addis Ababa, 19 July 2004.
Disclaimer
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright owners of material used in this document. We apologise in advance
for any unintentional omissions. We would be pleased to insert the appropriate acknowledgement in any future
edition.
Printed in India.
CONTENTS
Unit 1: Information Systems ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Unit 2: Enhancing the Use of Software..................................................................................................................... 15
Unit 3: Exploiting the Internet ................................................................................................................................... 19
Unit 4: Image Processing and Multimedia Systems ............................................................................................... 36
Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs) ...................................................................................................... 43
Syllabus ............................................................................................................................................................. 45
Glossary ............................................................................................................................................................. 56
References .......................................................................................................................................................... 64
INTRODUCTION TO THE TEACHER GUIDE
A perfect guide for an ICT teacher is one that provides support to the teacher to engage the students
in joyful learning. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) refer to the possibilities
offered by the convergence of data processing techniques, electronic media, and telecommunications,
a convergence that has become evident over the past few years.
ICTs are grouped under two categories: traditional and new. Traditional ICTs are radio, television,
and fixed line telephones etc., which have been gradually ingrained in the daily habits and lives of
people and communities. New ICTs consist of computers and specific data processing applications
accessible through those computers (e-mail, Internet, Word processing, and other data processing
applications).
New ICTs are now found on the development agenda of African countries like Ethiopia, and
strategies have been gradually implemented to integrate them into the development process. Many
countries have initiated significant reforms in the telecommunications sector: privatizing companies,
liberalizing and ending national monopolies in this sector.
This Teacher Guide will help the teachers to:
 explain how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has the potential to make a real
improvement to teaching and learning in schools.
 demonstrate a wide variety of ways in which ICT can be used to enhance learning, offering a
fresh burst of inspiration for them i.e., the busy school teachers.
 take a structured approach, ensuring that the students can be guided progressively through all
the contents in order to achieve the required standards for achieving Qualified Teacher Status,
and also to continue their development in ICT to an advanced level.
 analyze all the common ICT tools and explain how they can exploit these tools for effective
learning.
 explore how students can learn with ICT, how their skills develop, and how these skills can aid
their learning.
 provide a framework for planning, analyzing and evaluating teaching with ICT.
 use Internet, educational trips and other aids to support class room teaching.
 prepare additional activities and assessments for the students.
 offer a range of innovative tasks, resources and methods of assessment.
 use key ideas, skills and techniques of ICT in other curriculum areas.
The guide also provides websites that have additional content for the teacher.
INFORMATION
unit 1 SYSTEMS
(15 PERIODS)
UNIT OUTCOME
Students will be able to:
l understand the concept of E-learning, E-commerce, E-government, E-banking and E-libraries.
suGGested lesson plAn l Definition of e-government

l Advantage of e-government
Number of
Sub-units l Application of e-government
Periods
l Services delivered by e-government
1.1 Basic of E-Learning 3
l Status of e-government in Ethiopia.
1.2 Basics of E-Government 4
1.3 Basics of E-Banking 2 1.3 Basics of E-Banking
1.4 Basics of E-Libraries 2 In this sub-unit, we will learn about basics of
e-banking.
1.5 Basics of E-Commerce 2
1.6 System Analysis 2 1.4 Basics of E-Libraries
In this sub-unit, we will learn about basics of
stRuCtuRe of the unit e-libraries.
1.1 Basics of E-Learning 1.5 Basics of E-Commerce
In this sub-unit, we will learn about basics of e-learning. In this sub-unit, we will learn about basics of
The topics to be learnt are: e-commerce.
l Define electronic learning
1.6 System Analysis
l Advantages and disadvantages of e-learning
In this sub-unit, we will learn about system analysis.
l Technology necessary for e-learning
The topics to be learnt are:
 Information technology
l Overview
 Telecommunication technology
 Internet connection
l System problems
l How e-learning works?

Review of the unit
1.2 Basics of E-Government
l E-learning is a flexible term used to describe a
In this sub-unit, we will learn about basics of means of learning through technology such as a
e-government. network, browser, CD-ROM or DVD multimedia
The topics to be learnt are: platforms.
Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 1
Unit 1 – Information Systems
l The main advantages of e-learning are: l Asystem is defined as a collection of related

First-in market, Learner control, Enhanced components that interact to perform a task in
retention, Timely and Easy access, Interactive order to accomplish a goal.
Mode, Assessment and Feedback, Up-to-date l The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a
content, State-of-the-art Environment. step-by-step process that many organizations
l Technology is the most variable element in follow during systems analysis and design.
e-learning. l The Feasibility Study should include an initial
l Technology necessary for e-learning are: statement of the functional and technical (non-
functional) requirements for the system.
Information Technology, Telecommunication
Technology and Internet connection. l Theobjective of System Analysis is to gather data,
l E-government is also known as electronic analyse the data and write a report.
government.
l The main advantage of e-government is to Role of the students
improve the efficiency of the current government
system. In this unit, the students are supposed to learn
Information Systems. The activity based method
l E-government applications empower citizens and
should be followed to understand the subject matter
businesses to transact government businesses which is the best way of better understanding of the
online. subject matter. At present, students have better ways
l The
four types of e-government services are G2C, of learning ICT.
G2B, G2E and G2G.
l The way in which students learn has changed,
l The status of e-government in Ethiopia will
and that sitting in a passive mode in large lecture
certainly improve in the coming years with
halls is not the expectation.
implementation of ICT.
l Due to advancement in technology, today’s
l E-banking also known as Electronic Fund
students are different than those for whom
Transfer (EFT), uses computer and electronic
the educational system was initially designed
technology as a substitute for checks and other
for because students “think and process
paper transactions.
information fundamentally differently from
l E-libraries
are the physical sites and/or websites their predecessors” having grown up around
that provide 24-hours online access to digitized computers, video games, and the Internet.
audio, video, and written material.
l They represent the generation which is
l E-commerce is the purchasing, selling, and completely surrounded by ICT where e-mail,
exchanging of goods and services over computer instant messaging, and cell phones are integral
network through which transactions or terms of
parts of their lives.
sale are performed electronically.
Additional Class Activities for Gifted Students or slow learners
ACTIVITY 1.1: Learning Models

Students in their class will discuss and demonstrate the learning models.
What is e-learning?
E-learning can be thought of as the learning process created by interaction with digitally delivered content,
services, and support. It involves intensive use of Information and Communication Technology to serve,
facilitate, and revolutionize the learning process.
2 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Learning Models
Figure 1.1 shows three main learning models that we have come to recognize over the years.
Fig 1.1: Learning models

1. Traditional learning. In traditional learning, students go to a school, college, or other physical space to learn.
Information and Communication Technology can enhance the learning process, but is not necessarily
included. For example, data show and presentations can be thought of as an implementation of e-learning
within a traditional learning institution.
2. Distance learning. In distance learning, an instructor and students are separated by time, location, or both.
Education or training courses are delivered to remote locations via synchronous or asynchronous means of
instruction. Distance education does not preclude the use of the traditional classroom.
3. Blended learning. Blended learning combines multiple models to learning. For example, students in a
traditional class can be assigned both print-based and online materials.
Activity 1.2: E-learning—a Tool to Facilitate Teachers’ Work and Enhance the Learning
Process
The ICT teacher in the class will explain and demonstrate the concept of e-learning and discuss how it can
be made more interesting.
E-learning
E-learning refers to formal and non-formal education that uses electronic delivery methods such as Internet-
based learning delivery packages, CD-ROM, online video conferencing, websites or e-mail to manage the
relationship between teacher and learners.
Some ways to use the e-learning tool effectively are:
Create games, quizzes or crosswords
l Create activities, matching games, crosswords or quizzes
l Help students revise and assimilate new material

l Conduct online exams or print randomized tests

l Share and exchange activities with other teachers
Make them available to students or groups
l Your activities are available online
l You can limit access to your materials or make them accessible via web address
l Create group/class web pages with activities, forum, important information, files
l Send individual or mass e-mail messages to your students.
View and analyse results
l Results are calculated automatically and stored in your database
l Results can be compared and sorted by different criteria
l You can export results to other programmes, and use them in the way you want
l Use some website, e.g., www.kubbu.com to stimulate your students and improve their results.
ACTIVITY 1.3: Electronic Payment Systems
Students in their class will explain and discuss about the electronic payment systems, their risks and
security.
Electronic Payment System

An electronic payment system is needed for compensation for information, goods and services provided
through the Internet—such as access to copyrighted materials, database searches or consumption of system
resources—or as a convenient form of payment for external goods and services—such as merchandise and
services provided outside the Internet. It helps to automate sales activities, extends the potential number of
customers and may reduce the amount of paperwork.
Some electronic payment systems available today are given below:
l Secure Socket Layer (SSL): Client submits credit card information using encryption based on public keys.
l CyberCash:
Customer registers credit card with CyberCash and selects a signature key. Requires special
software on the client, but hides credit card information from merchant.
l Secure
Electronic Transaction (SET): The customer obtains a signature key from the card issuer. This method
requires special software running on the client to encrypt and sign credit card information.
l Open Market: It provides multi-mechanism collection services for web browsers.
l Mondex: It provides smart-card based electronic currency.
l Electronic
Check: It provides a PC card-based credit-debit payment instrument that can be sent across the
Internet, but clears through the existing banking network.
Risks and Security
From the customer’s perspective:
l stolen payment credentials and passwords
l dishonest merchants or financial service providers
l disputes over quality of services or goods

From merchant’s perspective:

l forged or copied payment instruments
l insufficient funds in customers account, especially with off-line payment systems
l dishonest or slow financial service providers
From the financial service provider’s perspective:
l stolen customer or service credentials
l forged or copied payment instruments
l customers not paying (applies only to credit models)
The risk may be shifted in one direction or the other by using a credit or debit model and by special
agreements.
ACTIVITY 1.4: E-Government Websites
The ICT teacher in the class will discuss and demonstrate about the e-government Websites
What Are Good E-government Websites?
Among the factors that make a good e-government website, the most important are perhaps:
l the quantity and quality of the information provided;
l the way in which this is presented and made available;
l the level of interactivity of the site;
l the availability of partial or full online services to the public;
l the level of accessibility to the disabled and other visitors using alternative technologies.
Examples of E-government Websites
Some examples of good e-government websites are given below:
l Singapore eCitizen Portal (URL: www.ecitizen.gov.sg)
l South African Government (URL: www.gov.za)
Answers to Textbook assessments
Assessment 1.1 Answer the Following

Fill in the Blanks 1. E-learning is a flexible term used to describe a
means of teaching through technology such as a
1. E-learning
network, browser, CD-ROM or DVD multimedia
2. IT, Telecommunication, Internet connection platforms.
3. Learning Management System 2. Advantages and disadvantages of e-learning are
4. Telecommunication given below:
State Whether True or False Advantages: The e-learning setup, if implemented
in quality way, offers many benefits to the users.
1. True 2. False 3. False
The main advantages of e-learning are:
4. True
(i) First-in Market: The e-learning model enables
the placement of content on the Web as soon

as it is ready without having to wait for (vii) Up-to-date Content: The e-learning technology
printing, packaging and shipping through allows the dynamic updation of information
distribution channels. This results in cutting on courses. Therefore, unlike CBT or books,
down the lead-time between the development the content in an e-learning course is updated
of a course and its availability to learners. The regularly. This enables you to gain access to
early availability of content gives the learner a the latest information on the course.
headstart over others.
(viii) State-of-the-art Environment: The future of
(ii) Learner Control: You can learn at any time and all activities in educational and commercial
at any place. All you need for e-learning is a spheres is on the Internet. Therefore, most
Web connection. You can limit the duration
of the new development in educational
of an e-learning session to study only the
technologies is Web-based. Most transactions
volume of content that you can fully absorb.
are changing from physical to virtual, and
(iii) Enhanced Retention: Since you follow a learning the Internet is at the core of everything.
style that suits you, e-learning enhances your Therefore, with e-learning, you work in a
retention. Also, the e-learning material is
state-of-the-art environment that is going to
delivered in small logical modules known as
be the environment of the future.
skillets. This results in better retention and
recall for a learner. Disadvantages: Although e-learning is very useful
for the users, but it suffers from some limits that
(iv) Timely and Easy Access: E-learning is available
lead to its disadvantages. The disadvantages of
24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Therefore,
e-learning enables you to learn at the time that e-learning are given below:
is convenient to you. The timely retrieval of (i) Up-front Investment: Up-front investment
the learning material enables you to practice required for an e-learning solution is larger
what you have learned. You can gain access due to development costs. Budgets and cash
to the e-learning material from any location flows will have to be negotiated.
that has a computer and an Internet access. (ii) Technology Issues: Technology issues that
(v) Interactive Mode: As an e-learner, you have play a factor include whether the existing
access to a web tutor at all times. Experts technology infrastructure can accomplish
are also available for you to resolve content- the training goals, whether the additional
related queries. technology expenditures can be justified, and
E-learning also allows you to chat with co- whether compatibility of all software and
learners on different topics related to their hardware can be achieved.
subject and participate in discussion forums. (iii) Inappropriate Content: Inappropriate content
Chat is the typed discussion among participants for e-learning may exist according to some
who are online at the same time; it is just like experts, though is limited in number. Even
telephone conversation, except that messages are the acquisition of skills that involve complex
typed rather than spoken.
physical/motor or emotional components
(vi) Assessment and Feedback: E-learning provides (for example, juggling or mediation) can be
you with assessment exercises that test you augmented with e-learning.
on the course that you are learning. On-line
(iv) Cultural Acceptance: Cultural acceptance is
tests are typically optional self-initiated tests.
an issue in organizations where student
You get a dynamic set of questions to answer.
demographics and psychographics may
Unlike tests in CBT (Computer-based Training),
these tests give you a feedback comparing your predispose them against using computers at
performance with that of other learners who all, let alone for e-learning, unavailability of
have attempted the test. required technologies.

(v) Portability: Portability of training has become a The necessary technologies for e-learning are
strength of e-learning with the proliferation of listed below:
network linking points, notebook computers, • Information Technology
PDAs, and mobile phones, but still does not • Telecommunication Technology
rival that of printed workbooks or reference
• Internet Connection
material.
4. The e-learning programs feature real-world
(vi) Reduced Social and Cultural Interaction:
applications and use a multi-pronged approach
Reduced social and cultural interaction can be
involving interactive online Internet web casts,
a drawback. The impersonality, suppression simulation software and self-study assignments
of communication mechanisms such as with a mentor on call. The courses consist of a
body language, and elimination of peer-to- set number of modules delivered over a given
peer learning that are part of this potential time frame. Presentations and group discussions
disadvantage are lessening with advances in are conducted using a live, interactive software
communications technologies. system. For each e-learning module the users
3. Technology is the most variable element in generally have an initial reading assignment
e-learning. The more advanced the technology (which is delivered to him/her in electronic
becomes, the more options there are to further format in advance of the online presentations).
e-learning. It has increasingly limitless potential. Figure 1.2 shows a model of e-learning.
Fig. 1.2: Model of support for learners using e-learning in workplaces
There are coursework or problems to be submitted Assessment 1.2

and in some cases there are practical exercises, using Fill in the Blanks
simulation software and remote labs that the user can
1. e-government
easily do from his/her home or office. Users also have
2. E-administration
ongoing support from the instructors as well as course
3. G2C, G2B, G2E, G2G
coordinators via phone, fax and e-mail.
State Whether True or False
Suggested Activities
Refer to sub-unit 1.1 of the Student Textbook for 1. True 2. True 3. False
doing the activities. 4. False 5. True
Answer the Following service. The society is moving toward the mobile
1. Some electronic systems are listed below: connections.
(i) E-learning system 4. The different services by e-government are given
below:
(ii) E-government system
Analogous to e-commerce, which allows
(iii) E-banking system
businesses to transact with each other more
(iv) E-libraries system efficiently Business-to-Business (B2B) and
(v) E-commerce system brings customers closer to businesses i.e.,
2. E-government, also known as electronic Business-to-Consumer (B2C), e-government
government, refers to government’s use of aims to make the interaction between
information technology to exchange information government and citizens (G2C), government
and services with citizens, businesses, and other and business enterprises (G2B), and
arms of government. inter-agency relationships (G2G) more friendly,
or convenient, transparent, and inexpensive. Figure
1.3 shows four types of e-government services.
“E-government” refers to the use by government
agencies of information technologies (such as
Wide Area Networks, the Internet, and mobile
computing) that have the ability to transform
relations with citizens, businesses, and other arms
of government.
3. There is a great impact of e-government on society.
Some advantages of implementing an electronic
government are given below:
The main advantage of an electronic government
is to improve the efficiency of the current
government system. That would in return
save money and time. The introduction would
also facilitate better communications between Fig. 1.3: Four types of e-government services
governments and businesses. An example would
be, e-procurement which facilitates Government- The four types of e-government services are
to-Government (G2G) and Business-to-Business given below:
(B2B) communication; this will permit smaller (i) Government-to-Citizen (G2C): This includes
business to compete for government contracts as information dissemination to the public, basic
well as larger business. This will have the advantage citizen services such as license renewals,
of creating an open market and stronger economy. ordering of birth/death/marriage certificates
Business and citizens can obtain information at a and filing of income taxes, as well as citizen
faster speed and it is possible at anytime of the assistance for such basic services as education,
day. healthcare, hospital information, libraries, and
In addition, moving away from a heavily paper the like.
based system to an electronic system would reduce (ii) Government-to-Business (G2B): These
the need for man power. Thus, this would allow transactions include various services
the process to be handled by lesser employees exchanged between government and the
and therefore to reduce operations cost. business community, including dissemination
The ability of an e-government service to be of policies, memos, rules and regulations.
accessible to citizens irrespective of location (iii) Government-to-Employee (G2E): These
throughout the country brings the next and services encompass G2C services as well
potentially biggest benefit of an e-government as specialized services that cover only

government employees, such as the provision 3. B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C

of human resource training and development 4. speed, cost saving, no boundaries, ease of
that improve the bureaucracy’s day-to-day networking
functions and dealings with citizens.
(iv) Government-to-Government (G2G): These State Whether True or False
services take place at two levels—at the local 1. True 2. False 3. False
or domestic level and at the international
4. True 5. False
level. G2G services are transactions between
the central/national and local governments, Answer the Following
and between department-level and attached
1. The working of e-banking is given below:
agencies and bureaus. At the same time,
G2G services are transactions between E-banking or electronic banking involves a
governments, and can be used as an instrument variety of transactional areas, ranging from
of international relations and diplomacy. direct deposit of paychecks, obtaining cash from
an ATM, to using a debit card to purchase goods
Suggested Activities and services. Electronic banking and the resulting
Refer to sub-unit 1.2 of the Student Textbook for financial transactions involve the transmission
doing the activities. of financial data and transfer of funds through
various modes such as computers, phones, and
Assessment 1.3 other technological advanced devices. Figure 1.4
shows the dataflow diagram for bank account
Fill in the Blanks customer.
1. E-banking 2. E-libraries
Fig. 1.4: Dataflow diagram for bank account customer

2. The working of e-libraries is given below: Index server to the user’s Web browser. The user’s
E-library or Digital Library or Online Library or browser then downloads the referred-to content
Virtual Library refers to all the library resources directly from a resource server for viewing.
that are available online through computers and 3. The working of e-commerce is given below:
databases. E-libraries are different from the open E-commerce or electronic commerce works like
Internet, as they have restricted access. conventional commerce with the same process
The e-library allows a user to search, retrieve, save of selling and purchasing goods or services for
and reuse the library resources in real time on the a price. The difference is that goods and services
World Wide Web. It is a ‘virtual’ library whose in e-commerce are bought and sold over the
content is the aggregation of many independent Internet using a credit card. Transactions can
websites, rather than a physical collection that is be done globally 24 hours a day and 7 days a
kept in a central repository. We call each website week, unlike conventional commerce. There
a ‘resource’. The architectural model of a Digital
are no weekly holidays or closing time as with
Library is shown in Fig. 1.5 in terms of a data-
conventional stores.
flow diagram.
The Process
The merchant showcases the products intended
to be sold on a website and specifies the price of
each product. The customer logs on to the website,
chooses products and adds them to a shopping
cart. The customer connects to the transaction
server and gives credit card details to purchase
the goods. The merchant’s transaction server then
connects to the credit card processing server to
check if the customer has the required funds to
pay for the goods and services purchased.
Once the processing server approves of the
Fig. 1.5: Architectural Model for Client/Server interaction of transaction and reports that the customer has
a Digital Library funds, it authorizes the transfer of funds from
the customer’s bank to the bank of the merchant.
Data Flow: The Digital Library Index provides a
On receipt of the money, the merchant’s server
list of resource documents, from which the end-
user can make a selection; this happens in a dialog confirms the sale to the customer and the
between end-user and Index server. When the end- products are delivered to the customer by the
user has selected a document of his/her interest, merchant. Figure 1.6 illustrates the working of
the reference to this document is passed from the e-commerce:
Fig. 1.6: Working of e-commerce

Refer to sub-units 1.3 to 1.5 of the Student Textbook for doing activities 1 and 2.
ACTIVITY 3: Choosing a Topic (say E-commerce) and Designing a Presentation Which Gives
Full Information on the Topic
In groups, students will choose a topic (say E-commerce) and design a presentation which gives full information
on the topic.
First of all design a presentation on E-commerce. To present a slide show, perform the following steps:
 Click Slide Show tab.
 Click From Beginning button (see Fig. 1.7).
Fig. 1.7: Starting slide show

 Run the presentation by clicking the left mouse button at each slide. At the black screen, click the left
mouse button again (see Fig. 1.8).

Slide-1 Slide-2

Slide-3 Slide-4


Slide-5 Slide-6

Slide-7 Slide-8

Slide-9 Slide-10

Slide-11 Slide-12


Slide-13 Slide-14

Slide-15
Fig. 1.8: Slides in the presentation
 Press Esc to exit the slide show.
Answers to Review Questions Answer the Following

1. System: It is defined as a collection of related
Fill in the Blanks components that interact to perform a task in
1. system 2. Modelling order to accomplish a goal.
3. Systems analysis and design Identifying System Problems: One must know what
4. System Analysis the problem is before it can be solved. Systems
are created to solve problems. We can think of
State Whether True or False the systems approach as an organized way of
1. True 2. False dealing with a problem.
3. False 4. True Problems may be functional—that is, the system
may be incomplete, not fulfilling all the program
Multiple Choice Questions requirements. Problems may be technical (non-
1. (d) 2. (d) functional)—for example, the system may be
too slow, sized too small, or be obsolete and
3. (b) 4. (a)
inefficient in terms of hardware and software.
Match the Following Problems may also relate to system cost or to
access, limiting the ability of personal to use
1. (d) 2. (a) system information to full potential.
3. (b) 4. (c) System problem identification step should also
include a determination of the seriousness of
each problem and its effects on factors such as The requirements should be stated briefly and
clients and financial considerations. in functional terms, to the extent possible. Their
2. Functional and Non-functional System Requirements: development during the Feasibility Study supports
The Feasibility Study should include an initial the selection of suitable alternatives. These
statement of the functional and technical (non- functional and non-functional requirements are
functional) requirements for the system. An greatly expanded later in the planning phase
overview of the system requirements should through the Requirements Analysis.
reflect a broad range of factors, for example:
 Functional, programmatic requirements;
Refer to sub-unit 1.6 of the Student Textbook for
 Information needs;
doing the activities.
 System needs;
 Interface and matching requirements;
alternative teaching approaches
 Processing and data flow needs;
 Storage and retrieval requirements; The ICT teachers can use Internet, charts, worksheets,
models, go for educational field trips and subject
 Inputs; experts can be called for seminars to enrich the teaching
 Outputs; level and in turn help the students in learning about
 Workload, projected overtime; “Information Systems”.
 Validation and internal control needs;
 Security/Privacy requirements; Additional Questions
 Emergency response, back-up, and disaster 1. Explain e-learning and e-government.
recovery;
2. Explain e-banking and e-libraries.
 Accessibility requirements for the disabled;
3. Explain e-commerce.
and/or
4. What are the six phases of the Systems
 Space and Environment.
Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

ENHANCING THE
unit 2 USE OF SOFTWARE
(24 PERIODS)
UNIT OUTCOME
l choose appropriate software tools to solve problems illustrate ideas clarify thinking in the other subjects
chosen for study in Grade 11.
suGGested lesson plAn l Presentation software is general purpose

application software that facilitates creation of
Number of presentations on any particular topic.
Sub-unit Periods
l Spreadsheet is general purpose application
2.1 Using Application Software 24 software that facilitates creation of worksheets
that stores text and numerical data in tabular form.
Performing basic statistical analysis including
stRuCtuRe of the unit graphs is the main utility of this software.
l Publishing software is general purpose
2.1 using Application Software
application software that facilitates creation of a
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Using Application wide variety of professional-looking publications
Software. The topics to be learnt are: intended for print or online presentation.
l Word Processing Software l Database Management System (DBMS) is a
l Presentation Software general purpose application software that
l Spreadsheets facilitates creation, maintenance, and the use of
databse for an organization and its end users.
l Publishing Software
l Databases
Role of the students
Review of the unit In this unit, the students are supposed to enhance the
use of software. The activity based method should
l Software required to solve some specific task be followed to understand the subject matter which
of daily use is generally called application is the best way of better understanding of the subject
software. matter.
l Word processor is general purpose application In today’s world, every student must be ICT literate
software that facilitates creation and formatting regardless of the student’s background, gender, family
of text documents. income, geographic location, or disability.

Unit 2 – Enhancing the Use of Software
Different type of technologies can be used by skills, database and presentation software promote
the students to enhance the use of software. Various presentation skills of students. So, it is important for
technologies deliver different kinds of content and the students to choose appropriate software tools to
serve different purposes in the classroom. For example, solve problems, illustrate ideas, and clarify thinking
word processing and e-mail promote communication in the other subjects chosen.
Additional Class Activity for Gifted Students or slow learners
ACTIVITY 2.1: Using MS-Publisher 2007, Create a Flyer that Includes a Favorite Family Recipe
and the Historical and Cultural Information About it
In small groups, the students will create a flyer that includes a favorite family recipe and the historical and
cultural information about it.
Flyer and it’s Design
It is a one-page, one sided publication that is designed to be read at a glance. We should not underestimate
the task of designing a good flyer; we need to distill the information down to the minimum number of words
that will convey our message and arrange the text with graphics for maximum impact.
Materials Required
Collect the following material for creating the flyer:
(i) Handout on recipe (ii) Food timeline (iii) History of food
(iv) Sample recipe flyer (v) Food, culture, and tradition
Creating Flyer
To create a flyer, perform the following steps:
(i) Choose your favorite family recipe and research it.
(ii) Open Office Publisher 2007.
(iii) Using the sample recipe flyer, create a recipe flyer about your dish (see Fig. 2.1).
Fig 2.1: A flyer created on Ethiopian recipe

(iv) Proofread your flyer and correct any spelling or grammatical errors.
(v) Do a design check on your flyer.
(vi) Save the publication.
Conclusion
Students can be assessed on their recipe flyer content, writing conventions, and design.

Answers to review questions
Fill in the Blanks much improved way of dealing with documents

1. Application 2. Word processor than the typewriter.
3. Spreadsheets 4. database Usage areas: Word processors are commonly used
by students, writers, authors, desktop publishing
State Whether True or False professionals and layout artists. These are used to
1. False 2. True create documents such as letters, memos, reports,
3. False 4. True research papers, brochures, announcements,
newsletters, envelops, labels, and much more.
Multiple Choice Questions 3. Presentation Software: It is the application software
1. (b) 2. (d) which uses graphics, animation, sound and data
3. (a) 4. (c) or information to make presentations. It is general
purpose application software that facilitates the
Match the Following creation of presentations on any particular topic.
1. (c) 2. (d) Microsoft PowerPoint is a well known presentation
3. (b) 4. (a) software.
Usage areas: Presentation software is mainly used
Answer the Following
in business and classrooms. It is an effective tool
1. Application Software: Software required to solve when used for training purposes and provides a
some specific task of daily use is generally called useful environment for teachers and students.
application software. Some general purpose
4. Spreadsheet Software: Spreadsheet software is
application software and their uses are given general purpose software application which
below: allows users to create tables and financial
(i) Word Processing Software—Used for schedules by entering data and formulas into
document creation. rows and columns in a document called a
worksheet. Microsoft Excel is a popular example
(ii) Presentation Software—Used for presenting
of spreadsheet software.
information.
Usage areas: Spreadsheet software is mainly used
(iii) Spreadsheet Software—Used for financial
for business and personal purposes. It is useful in
calculation.
many areas like accounting, budgeting, charting/
(iv) Desktop Publishing Software—Used for graphing, financial analysis, and scientific
desktop publishing. applications. For example, a teacher who uses a
(v) Database Management Software—Used for spreadsheet to record student marks is able to
database management. determine student averages and class means very
quickly—that means the minute one number in
2. Word Processing Software: It is the application
the spreadsheet is changed, the calculations are
software which processes the textual information up-to-date everywhere within the spreadsheet.
including typing, editing, formatting and
5. Publishing Software: Publishing software is general
printing. purpose software which allows users to create
Word processor is the most common software and edit pages for print and online publications.
application. The best-known word processing It can be used to create flyers, posters,
software is probably Microsoft Word. It offers a books, magazines, and brochures.

Desktop Publishing (DTP) involves mixing text Alternative teaching approaches,

and graphics to produce high-quality output enrichment material
for commercial printing, using a PC and mouse,
The ICT teachers can use Internet, charts, worksheets,
scanner, laser or ink-jet printer, and DTP software.
models, go for educational field trips and subject
Microsoft Office Publisher 2007 is a well known
experts can be called for seminars to enrich the teaching
DTP program with which you can create a wide
level and in turn help the students in learning about
variety of professional-looking publications
“Enhancing the Use of Software”.
intended for print or online presentation.
Usage areas: Publishing software is mainly used Additional Questions
in education, graphic design, career assistance,
business, and crafts and personal projects etc. 1. What are the following types of application
software used for?
6. Database Software: A database is a collection of
interrelated files in a computer system. Database (i) Word processing software
Management System (DBMS) is general purpose (ii) Presentation software
application software that sets up and controls the (iii) Spreadsheet software
structure of a database and access to the data. The (iv) Publishing software
most widely used form of database, especially
(v) Database software.
on PCs, is the relational database, in which data
is organized into related tables. Microsoft Access 2. Describe some popular features of spreadsheet
is one of the principal PC database programs. and publishing software.
3. Describe the basic features of a relational
Uses areas: Databases are mainly used in tourism,
database.
banking, airlines, schools, colleges, universities,
4. Design a database structure having two tables to
credit card transactions, telecommunication,
store information about an actor/actress. The first
finance, sales, manufacturing, and human
table should contain personal information about
resources etc.
the actor/ actress and the second table should
Suggested Activities contain information about his/her movies.
Refer to sub-unit 2.1 of the Student Textbook for 5. Discuss querying database and testing the
doing the activities. hypotheses.

EXPLOITING THE
unit 3 INTERNET
(21 PERIODS)
UNIT OUTCOME
l understand the concept of webpage design
l understand and differentiate between the different kinds of websites
l recognize the steps required for website design
l design a simple and attractive website.
suGGested lesson plAn l Content Identification

l Knowing the Audience
Sub-units Number of
Periods
3.3 Website Design Considerations
3.1 General Concept of Website 2
Design
In this sub-unit, we will learn about website design
considerations. The topics to be learnt are:
3.2 Planning a Website 3
l Page layout of the website
3.3 Website Design Considerations 4
l Create content
3.4 Website Development 12  Use of images
 Page size (Creating & formatting tables)
stRuCtuRe of the unit l Fonts (Adding design Elements)
3.1 General Concept of Website Design 3.4 Website Development
In this sub-unit, we will learn general concept of In this sub-unit, we will learn about website
website design. The topics to be learnt are: development. The topics to be learnt are:
l Definition of website l Adding Text
l Definition of webpage l Adding Image
l Definition of Home page l Creating hyperlinks
l Types of website l Inserting Table
 Static and Dynamic
l Inserting Frames
l Application of website
 Adding Web effects
3.2 Planning a Website  Inserting animations
In this sub-unit, we will learn about planning a website.  Using scripts
The topics to be learnt are:  Using Java applets
l Determining the purpose of the website
Unit 3 – Exploiting the Internet
Review of the unit ROLE OF THE STUDENTS

l A computer with a domain name is called a In this unit, the students are supposed to exploit the
website (site). There are basically two main types Internet. The activity based method should be followed
of websites—Static and dynamic. to understand the subject matter which is the best way
l Indesigning a website you should take into of better understanding of the subject matter.
account the website’s purpose and audience. Today the students rely on the computer for both
educational and entertainment purposes. You already
l While designing a website, you must consider
know that the Internet is an extremely useful resource
that a successful website should have clearly
for every computer user. Students can conduct
identified goals and provide useful and attractive
research for school projects, chat with friends, surf the
content that draws your audience to your site
Web and share music and photographs. With the wide
again and again. variety of websites students visit on a daily basis, it
l For developing a website, you require web design is important to have a behind-the-scenes look at how
software. For example, Web Page Maker. the websites are created. An ideal way to do this is by
l Ahyperlink connects the webpage with other creating Web design projects that allow the students to
pages of webpage or to pages on other websites. explore design tools and techniques.
ADDITIONAL CLASS ACTIVITy FOR GIFTED STUDENTS OR SLOW LEARNERS
ACTIVITY 3.1: The Risks of Online Intimacy

The teacher will explain the risks of online intimacy to students.
Online Intimacy
Online intimacy means a successful friendship relation using the Internet.
How To Make Online Friends?
It is not very easy to take care of a friendship with someone you cannot
see or feel. This is the main issue that online friendship faces. Without the
physical presence of the person, it is very difficult to form a friendship
that would last forever. Yet some people argue that not being able to see
each other is an advantage. Some people are not quite confident about
their looks and some are afraid to speak up in public or a group. Online
friendship is very helpful for such people (see Fig. 3.1).
Relationship Websites Fig. 3.1: Online friendship
The relationship websites give us the opportunity to meet a friend online.
For example, personals.yahoo.com, www.friendsonline.ca, www.onelovenet.com, www.makefriendsonline.com, www.
newfriends4u.com, ethiopianpersonals.com. These websites may expose you to a wider variety of friends than is
possible in more conventional way, as through school, church, or club activities.
Risks of Online Intimacy
l Online life and real life are not the same
l Online friendship can be emotionally intense
l Online text communication does not allow nonverbal communication
l People meeting online showcase their good points only
In summary, we can say that Internet does allow the possibility that two friends may develop real rather
than false intimacy.

Answers to review Questions
Fill in the Blanks Some well-established Websites:

1. website Some well-established websites are listed below:
2. its style, the web technologies required, the (i) www.yahoo.com (ii) www.google.com
hosting costs, the budget required for it (iii) www.youtube.com (iv) www.telecom.net.et
3. web (v) www.hi5.com (vi) www.nazret.com
4. hyperlink (vii) www.ebay.com
State Whether True or False (viii) www.ethiopianreview.com
1. True 2. False 2. The two types of websites are static and dynamic.
3. True 4. True These are quite different from one another when
it comes to attributes and utilization. A website
Multiple Choice Questions
must attract people of all ages.
1. (b) 2. (c)
You will have to identify a website type
3. (d) 4. (d)
depending on your needs and what you would
Match the Following like to get out of your website. Both static and
1. (c) 2. (d) dynamic websites are appropriate alternatives.
3. (b) 4. (a) If you want to develop a professional site with
lots of capabilities then a dynamic is an excellent
Answer the Following choice. Alternatively, if you are a newbie in this
1. Website: A computer with a domain name is field and want to build any sort of website, then
called a website (site) you can think about developing a static website.
Types of Websites: There are basically two main Remember to consider just how much time you
types of websites—static and dynamic. want to put into your website and what you
(i) Static website: It is a site like a printed paper would like to offer to the website visitors, and
as it is unchangeable once it is printed. It the appropriate site will be simple to choose.
is usually built using several tools such as
3. Website Planning: In designing a website you
Kompozer or Dreamweaver. People are not
should take into account the website’s purpose
able to change your webpage if you have a
static website other than if you use WYSIWYG and audience. A good designer knows how to
(What You See Is What You Get), text editors achieve the effects called for in the most flexible,
and template based editors. Only you may edit efficient, and elegant way. To design a website, you
or transform your static website. For example, should have a thorough knowledge in hypertext,
someone’s web portfolio is an example of a multimedia, Java, and other programming
static site. It is only one page and is updated possibilities as well as knowledge about how
on average once a month. particular website structures affect an audience.
(ii) Dynamic website: It is a site which allows
Determining the Purpose of the Website
the user to share data with the website. It is
usually built with a programming language Determining the purpose of the website is most
such as ASP, PHP or JAVA. Now-a-days most important for its success. First of all you should
business websites are dynamic. One may develop a plan. With a good plan, you may
enter his/her info when registering on the know in advance what you are going to do and
site as well as being able to buy products and the correct order in which all things need to be
services. For example, www.paypal.com. done.
The important questions to be considered are: No matter what the purpose of your website may
(i) Why you want to create a site? be, make sure that you keep track of the visitors
of your website. A traffic tracking system would
(ii) What do you want or expect your site to give you valuable information about the persons
accomplish? that are visiting your website. It would also enable
(iii) Are you planning on using your site to you to make important decisions related to the
generate a passive income by sell products optimization of your website.
or information or it is just for friends and Content Identification
family? Planning is the first step in building a good
(iv) Is it because others are doing it? website. After determining the purpose of the
Some common purposes for Websites are: website, the website designer must plan the
content. The content of a website is everything
(i) Online Store: It is the most important reason for
that is in it. The contents may include one or all
building a website. If your primary purpose
of the following:
is selling physical goods, focus on creating
(i) The text on web pages.
an online store that gives visitors simple and
easy shopping. (ii) The graphics in the website.
(ii) Brand Awareness: If your primary focus is on (iii) The colors and style of the website.
delivering an offline service, you may want The important points to be considered about the
an online brochure. This sort of website can content of a website are:
deliver useful, practical information about (i) What content will it contain?
your service and help you to develop your (ii) What content will drive people back to it?
image and build trust and customer loyalty.
(iii) What are the sources for content?
(iii) Online Services: For delivering an online
(iv) Who will write the content?
service, you will have to build an infrastructure
The content of website is to provide the users or
for the delivery of your service. This type of
customers with information. Planning the content
website is more complex and you will need
of a website is a much more comprehensive
to anticipate what you will feature in your
project than it first appears. To properly plan
product catalogue, and how you will handle
content for a website it is necessary to first make
online payments and process online orders.
assumptions on what will be of most value
(iv) Affiliate Commissions and Advertising: Another to visitors. There are many tools to aid in the
reason for building a website may be to make planning phase of website creation. Some useful
money through promoting affiliate programs, online tools for planning a website are:
which offer you a commission on sales. You (i) JumpChart (URL: www.jumpchart.com)
may want to earn money by putting up the
(ii) RapidRabbit (URL: rapidrabb.it)
banners of other business on your website. To
earn a sufficient amount of money, you would (iii) WriteMaps (URL: www.writemaps.com)
require hard work and planning. (iv) MindMeister
Clearly defining the purpose of your website, (URL: www.mindmeister.com)
before you start building it, would ensure A good website developer will be able to utilize
that your website is optimized to achieve the above mentioned online tools and other offline
the required purpose. After all, you can only tools (for these visit websites: www.balsamiq.com,
meet your goals when you know what they www.gliffy.com, www.axure.com) along with the
are. You will have to balance your business information from the content manager to decide
goals, the needs of your audience, and your on which information will be most important for
resources to create an effective website. a website.

The content of website is the stuff that draws 5. Create a list of all of the content that you
and keeps an audience. The composition of the would like to include on your website that both
content should follow directly from the stated achieves your goals and would be of interest to
website purpose and audience. So the website your audience. At this point, just write whatever
designer can prepare a set of content features comes to mind; do not try to organize it.
that relate to the audience’s activities, interests, Use of Images
and concerns. For example, a website about a
An image might be the focal point of a webpage.
school ICT fair might list rules of the fair, the
Your eye is drawn to an image because it is an
location and details about the upcoming events,
image, not because of the position it has in the
statements by judges, and descriptions of past
layout. So, look at the other elements on the page
winning projects.
to make small changes (e.g., position and spacing
Always remember that website design process etc.) to the elements and margins around the
builds on its content. image to create an interesting design. Also the
Truly great websites pay attention to content captions should go with each image separately.
and organization. The content of a website must Align your images. Balance the graphics and
be determined by the type of website and its text on a page. When you are considering your
purpose. layout, remember that images are the major part
of the design, not just afterthoughts.
Knowing the Audience
Page Size (Creating and Formatting Tables)
A website designer should know about
his/her website’s audience. It may be family, Designing a professional looking website involves
friends, and potential employers. Using age much more than simply displaying text. Page
appropriate material helps ensure that the online size plays an important role while designing
audience will remain interested and continue webpages. In order to organize your page, you
to visit the website. The websites which want can use tables. Tables will change the look of the
to attract the young viewers should follow webpage. Originally, tables let people present
current trends and incorporate music, graphics data (mostly numbers) in a column format.
and special effects that hold their interest. For Designers have found the ways to improve the
older viewers these may have 3D graphics and layout of their pages using tables. Although
soothing music. Website designs that have too a bit complicated and sometimes difficult to
much information are often difficult to navigate understand, tables do improve your layout and
and may also deter the less experienced Internet let you present your material in a more eye-
audience. appealing way.
4. Refer to sub-units 3.3 and 3.4 of the Student Suggested Activities
Textbook for the answer. Refer to sub-units 3.1 to 3.4 of the Student Textbook
for doing activities 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6.
ACTIVITY 5: Writing a Report discussing What must be Considered When Designing a

Website. Develop your Design into a Website. The Site Should have at Least
Three Pages Including Various Design Elements
In small groups, the students will discuss and design website having at least three pages including various
design elements.
What Must be Considered when Designing a Website?
Consider the following points when designing a website:
l Determine the purpose of the website.
l Know your audience.
l Select technology to use.

l Design web architecture which must be easy to navigate for the visitors.
l The content to be posted on your website must be properly organized for the visitors so that they can
easily access the information or content on your website.
l Have a search engine friendly URL that will be easier for visitors to remember.
l Color combination or the layout of your website design has to be appropriate.
l In order to be one the safe side, you must use limited amount of pop up ads on your website.
Developing the Design into the Website

Web Page Maker is an easy-to-use web page editor that allows you to create and upload web pages in minutes
without knowing HTML. We will use Web Page Maker to design the website.
To design the website, perform the following steps:
1. Click Start → All Programs → Web Page Maker → Web Page Maker
Or
Double-click on the Web Page Maker icon on the desktop of your computer.
The Web Page Maker window opens (see Fig. 3.2).
Fig. 3.2: Web Page Maker window

2. Click on File menu and then click on Page Setup. The Page Setup dialog box appears
(see Fig. 3.3).
Fig. 3.3: Page Setup dialog box

Now, set the Page Size, Margins, Headers and Footers. Change font if you want. Click OK.
3. Add two more pages in addition to the Home Page by clicking Add New Page button in Pages tab
under Site Contents in the Site panel (see Fig. 3.4).
Fig. 3.4: Adding pages

4. For setting the background, right click on the Work window. A menu appears. Click Properties option
(see Fig. 3.5).
Fig. 3.5: Clicking Properties

5. The Page Properties dialog box appears. Select the background image you want (see Fig. 3.6).
Fig. 3.6: Page Properties dialog box

You can select different backgrounds for individual webpages of your website.
Similarly, you can set other properties from Appearance, Page Transition and Header tabs.

6. Adding Text to Web Page
Click on Text button in toolbar to add text. Click on Work window and set the size of text box.
Double-click in the created Text Box. It will open the Text Editor (see Fig. 3.7). Type the desired text and
click OK.
Fig. 3.7: Typing text in the Text Editor

The typed text in the Text Editor will appear in your webpage. Similarly, you can add text at
other places of the Web page by adding separate text boxes and typing text in them. Format
the text as per your need. After adding the text the webpage looks like the page shown in
Fig. 3.8.
Fig. 3.8: Webpage after typing the text

7. Adding Image
For adding image click Insert → Image → From files… (see Fig. 3.9).
Fig. 3.9: Getting ready to add image to webpage

The Open dialog box appears. Select the image to be inserted and click Open button. The selected image
will be inserted on the Webpage. Drag and resize the image as per your requirement (see Fig. 3.10).
Fig. 3.10: Webpage after adding image

8. Adding Navigational Elements

To add navigational elements click Insert → Navigation Bar... (see Fig. 3.11) or click Navigation Bar
button from toolbar.
Fig. 3.11: Getting ready to add Navigational elements

The Select Navigation Bar Style box opens. Select a template of your choice from the list and then click
the OK button (see Fig. 3.12).
Fig. 3.12: Selecting a template from Navigational Bar Style

The Navigation Bar dialog box opens. Click OK. It will insert the selected navigation bar on the webpage.
Drag it at the desired position on webpage (see Fig. 3.13).
Fig. 3.13: Navigational element inserted on the webpage

9. Adding Links
A hyperlink connects the webpage with other pages of website or to pages on other websites.
To add links (hyperlinks), select the text box and click on the Hyperlink button on the toolbar. It
will open the Hyperlink dialog box (see Fig. 3.14).
Fig. 3.14: Hyperlink dialog box

Setup the Link Type and other options. Click OK (see Fig. 3.15). Similarly set the hyperlinks of the
desired websites for the other text boxes.
Fig. 3.15: Setting up the hyperlinks

10. Similarly, add the text, images and hyperlinks on the other pages of the website.
11. Inserting Table
To insert the table, click Insert → Table… It will open the New Table dialog box. Type the number of
Rows and Columns. Click OK. It will open the Table Editor. Type the contents of table and apply the
desired fonts (see Fig. 3.16).
Fig. 3.16: Typing the contents in a table

Click OK. The table will be inserted in the selected webpage (see Fig. 3.17).

Fig. 3.17: Webpage after inserting table in it

12. Inserting Frames
To inset frames click Insert → iFrame…. It opens the iFrame dialog box. Enter the Web URL of the
website (see Fig. 3.18).
Fig. 3.18: Entering Web URL

Click OK. It will insert a iFrame in the webpage (see Fig. 3.19).
Fig. 3.19: A webpage after inserting frame in it

By clicking on iFrame, we can see the contents of another webpage linked through the hyperlink.
Similarly, insert the frames on other pages (if you want).
13. Insert Animations
To insert animation click Insert → Marquee. It will insert an animation text box on the web page. Double-
click to open the Text Editor. Enter the text and click OK. The animation effect of the text box will be
applied on the webpage (see Fig. 3.20).
Fig. 3.20: Inserting animation on webpage

14. Inserting interactive buttons
Radio button are little circles located in front of various options; selecting an option with mouse places
a dot in the corresponding circle. Radio button are used to interact with the same webpage.
To insert a radio button click Insert → Form → Radio Button.

15. Using Scripts

We can insert various scripts in our webpage for producing special effects on webpage.
To insert the script click Insert → Ready-to-use Java Scripts…. The Predefined Javascript
dialog box opens. Select the java script you want to insert on your web page and click OK
(see Fig. 3.21).
Fig. 3.21: Selecting Java Script

The selected java script will be inserted on the webpage (see Fig. 3.22).
Fig. 3.22: A webpage after inserting Java Script

Now, the website has been developed.
16. Save your design.
17. Exporting design to HTML
To export the website to HTML, perform the following steps:
Click File → Export to HTML
Browse the Folder where you want to place your HTML file.
Let us place the HTML file in C:\New Folder

18. Now go to the selected Folder, that is, C:\New Folder (see Fig. 3.23) and open the index.html file in
your Web Browser.
Fig. 3.23: Selecting index.html file for browsing

Your webpages will look as shown in the following figures:
Fig. 3.24: WebPage-1
Fig. 3.25: WebPage-2

Fig. 3.26: WebPage-3 showing inserted Table and Java Script effect
Fig. 3.27: WebPage-3 showing iFrame and Java Script Effect

19. Finally exit the browser and close the Web Page Maker.
ALTERNATIVE TEACHING APPROACHES, Additional Questions

ENRICHMENT MATERIAL 1. List and explain the applications of websites.
The ICT teachers can use Internet, charts, worksheets, 2. What points must be considered in planning a
models, go for educational field trips and subject website? Explain.
experts can be called for seminars to enrich the teaching 3. List some web page design/authoring software.
level and in turn help the students in learning about 4. How will you create your own simple website?
“Exploiting the Internet”. Explain.

IMAGE PROCESSING AND
unit 4 MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
(27 PERIODS)
UNIT OUTCOME
l recognise components of multimedia and work with these components effectively
l understand the meaning and use of multimedia production
l create interactive applications using Multimedia applications.
suGGested lesson plAn l Hardware and Software requirements for

multimedia
Sub-units Number of
Periods l Multimedia and hypermedia
4.1 Basics of Multimedia 3 4.2 Multimedia Authoring

4.2 Multimedia Authoring 2 In this sub-unit, we will learn about Multimedia
4.3 Introduction to Multimedia 3 Authoring. The topics to be learnt are:
Authoring Tools
l Stages of multimedia authoring
4.4 Inserting and Editing Text 3
l Authoring tools examples
4.5 Working with Images and 3
l File formats of sound, image and video
Graphics
4.6 Page Transitions, Positioning 3 4.3 Introduction To Multimedia Authoring
and Motion Icon Tools
4.7 Libraries 3 In this sub-unit, we will learn about Introduction to
4.8 Working with Sound and 5 Multimedia Authoring Tools. The topics to be learnt
Digital Movies are:
4.9 Overview of Film Editing 2
l Screen elements of multimedia application
l Creating a new project
stRuCtuRe of the unit l Building a basic piece
l Editing an icon
4.1 Basics of Multimedia
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Basics of 4.4 Inserting and Editing Text
Multimedia. The topics to be learnt are: In this sub-unit, we will learn about Inserting and
l Definition
of multimedia Editing Text. The topics to be learnt are:
l Importance of multimedia l Inserting display icon
l Components of multimedia l Inserting text into a text field

Unit 4 – Image Processing and Multimedia Systems
l Importing and pasting text l Sound icon

l Defining and applying text style l Importing sound
l Editing and formatting text as required l Changing the sound’s play speed
l Working with digital movies
4.5 Working with Images and Graphics
l File formats
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Working with
l Importing a digital movie
Images and Graphics. The topics to be learnt are:
l Setting playback conditions
l Importing an image or graphic; pasting an image
l Turning the sound off
or graphic
l Modifying an image or graphic 4.9 Overview of Film Editing
l Drawing an image In this sub-unit, we will learn about Overview of Film
l Filling colour Editing. The topic to be learnt is:
l Wait icon l Basics of Film Editing
l Erase icon
Review of the unit
4.6 Page Transitions, Positioning and Motion
Icon l Multimedia is the combined use of several media,
such as motion-pictures, slides, and music.
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Page Transitions,
Positioning and Motion Icon. The topics to be learnt l Multimedia authoring involves collating,
are: structuring and presenting information in
the form of a digital multimedia, which can
l Transitions
incorporate text, audio and still and moving
l Selecting transitions images.
l Positioning objects l Multimedia authoring tools are the tools that are
l Types of positions used for creating various types of multimedia
applications.
l Types of motion
l Displayicons are the ones that display some
l Using motion icon image or graphic.
4.7 Libraries l The wait icon provides a way to pause or
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Libraries. The delay any onscreen action. Delay can be a set
topics to be learnt are: time interval or may require a mouse click to
continue.
l Creating
l The multimedia library contains visual and audio
l Saving elements (icons) required for developing new
l Closing and opening multimedia contents.
l Selecting a library l Theprocess of editing clips includes previewing
l Adding icons to the library and trimming them to eliminate unnecessary
material. It also includes revising clip properties
l Using an icon from a library such as speed, direction, and duration.
4.8 Working with Sound and Digital Movies
ROLE OF THE STUDENTS
In this sub-unit, we will learn about Working with
Sound and Digital Movies. The topics to be learnt In this unit, the students are supposed to learn about
are: image processing and multimedia systems. The activity

based method should be followed to understand supposed to enhance their knowledge in this field.
the subject matter which is the best way of better Since the field of multimedia is rapidly changing;
understanding of the subject matter. students must read related articles and resources
The students already know the basics of image available on the Internet to keep up with the latest
processing and multimedia from Grade 11. They are developments.
ADDITIONAL CLASS ACTIVITy FOR GIFTED STUDENTS OR SLOW LEARNERS

ACTIVITY 4.1: Use of Multimedia in the Classroom
In small groups, the students will explain and demonstrate the use of multimedia in the classroom.
Multimedia
Multimedia is the combination of more than one type of media. The
media types can include text, graphic images, animation, audio and video.
Figure 4.1 shows multimedia tools.
Software Packages for Multimedia Projects
Multimedia projects can be created using many commonly used types of software.
Fig. 4.1: Multimedia tools
Some packages are:
(i) Word processing software (MS-Word)
(ii) Presentation graphics software (MS-PowerPoint)
(iii) Web page authoring software (Dreamweaver and FrontPage etc.)
(iv) Multimedia packages (Macromedia Authorware, Adobe Premier and Macromedia Flash etc.)
Figure 4.2 shows Macromedia Authorware package for working with multimedia.
Fig. 4.2: Macromedia Authorware
Types of Projects to be Developed

Students can use multimedia to create various types of classroom projects in their computer laboratory.
Types of multimedia projects that can be developed by students are:
(i) Electronic Portfolios: Electronic portfolios are collections or displays of student work that are
systematically compiled to demonstrate skill level, growth over time, or understanding of a particular
concept or discipline. Generally, teachers provide students with directions, a list of content, and guidelines
for building a portfolio. Web page authoring software or presentation graphics software can be used to
create electronic portfolios.

(ii) Multimedia Slideshows: Students can create slideshows consisting of text, graphic images, audio clips,
and/or video clips for projects about almost any subject. Presentation graphics software can be used to
create multimedia slideshows.
(iii) Slideshow Reviews and Drills: Slideshow reviews and drills can be created by students to help
them practice and study many types of learning content such as spelling words, vocabulary words,
mathematical facts, and possible test questions. These slideshows can be created using presentation
graphics software.
(iv) Tutorials: Students can create multimedia tutorials that provide step-by-step directions to guide users
through the components of a subject. Topics for tutorials can be just about anything with an instructional
sequence. Tutorials can be created using word processing, presentation graphics, or web page authoring
software.
(v) Research Presentations: Multimedia research presentations can be created by students to present findings
for research projects. These presentations can be developed using presentation graphics software.
(vi) Virtual Tours: Students can create virtual tours of local places of interest and field trips locations using
presentation graphics or web page authoring software. These tours can include text descriptions of the
places with photographs, audio clips, or video.
(vii) Interactive Storybooks: Students can write their own stories, format them, and add illustrations using
word processing, presentation graphics or web page authoring.
(viii) Class Yearbooks: Students can compile class yearbooks containing information about class activities,
photographics, audio clips, music clips, and video clips from throughout the year. Class yearbooks can
be compiled using web page authoring or presentation graphics software.
Figure 4.3 shows students creating their projects in a computer lab.
Fig. 4.3: Students creating their projects in Computer Lab (Courtesy: www.flickr.com)
So, we see that the multimedia plays a vital role in the classroom.
Answers to review questions
Fill in the Blanks State Whether True or False

1. Multimedia 1. False
2. text, graphics, animation, sound, video 2. True
3. Transitions 3. False
4. sound, images, video 4. True

Multiple Choice Questions Graphics that fit most needs are quite easy to
1. (d) 2. (a) find. Commercially prepared drawings called
3. (c) 4. (b) clipart come packaged with many application
programs. Charts, another type of graphics,
5. (d)
can convey a great deal of information in a
Match the Following very limited space. Photographs can also be
1. (b) 2. (d) used to enhance multimedia applications.
3. (a) 4. (c) When a graphic or other multimedia object
Answer the Following serves as a link to additional information
about a topic, the link is called hypermedia.
1. Multimedia is the combined use of several media,
(iii) Animation: Animation refers to graphic images
such as motion-pictures, slides and music. Or in
that change or move. Animation can convey
other words, it refers to technology that presents
information, add visual interest, or draw
information in more than one medium—such as
attention to important information or links
text, pictures, video, sound, and animation—in a
in a multimedia application. Animation is
single integrated communication.
commonly used in advertising and marketing
Components of multimedia: The multimedia on the Web because the movement does grab
components are: the visitor’s attention. By illustrating proper
(i) Text: In the past, content was produced techniques or explaining complex procedures,
primarily via text. Though additional elements animation can also serve as an excellent
have been added, text remains vital to learning aid in computer-based training
multimedia applications. This is because text programs.
is still an effective way to communicate. In Like clipart and stock photography, animated
multimedia, text is used as headlines, subtitles, graphics are available for purchase on
and captions. In addition to supplying CD-ROM or they can be downloaded
content, text is used to give directions and from the Internet. In addition, commercial
communicate information, text-based menus software and shareware can be purchased
and buttons help guide users through the or downloaded and used to create simple or
multimedia applications, and electronic books, complex animations.
magazines, and reference materials still rely (iv) Sound: By incorporating sound into a
on text to inform and educate. multimedia application, you require the user to
(ii) Graphics: Because most people like illustrations, make use of yet another sense. This enhances
visuals, graphics, 2D and 3D images are the experience and increases the likelihood of
crucial to multimedia development. In fact, user understanding and enjoyment.
multimedia applications are predominately In multimedia applications, sound that has
graphic. Because they play such a critical been digitized is called audio. Audio can be
role, balancing graphics is essential. When obtained by capturing sound into a personal
designing a multimedia application, it is computer using a microphone, CD-ROM, or
important not to get carried away with other input device. It can also be played from
graphics. Adding just the right graphic and a synthesizer, keyboard, or other musical
just the right number of graphics may help instrument that is connected to the computer
the user learn and retain more information in using MIDI (musical instrument digital
less time and with less effort. interface) port.

(v) Video: Video can do a great deal to enhance 2. Stages of multimedia authoring: The five stages
a presentation, illustrate a proper technique, of multimedia authoring are:
or advertise a new product. Video files are (i) Analysis: What do you need to do and what
photographic images played at speeds that do you use to do it.
make it appear as if the images are in full (ii) Design: Create storyboards to tell the story of
motion. Video files are incredibly large because the project.
a huge number of images are required to give (iii) Development: Incorporate data and set it up as
the appearance of motion. Delivering video a prototype or model.
over the Internet is particularly challenging. (iv) Evaluation: When the prototype application
works the way you want it to, test it again,
Interactive multimedia allows users to respond fine-tune it, make it attractive, and then review
directly to and control media elements. Users your work.
of interactive multimedia become active (v) Distribution: When it is ready to go (after the
participants in an application instead of evaluation phase), make it real. Package and
passive recipients of information. distribute it.
3. The screen elements of Multimedia application Macromedia Flash shown below:
4. Importing sound files: You can import various (iv) The selected audio file will be imported in the
sound in a multimedia project. project.
To import a sound file in Adobe Premier 5. Basics of Film Editing: The process of editing
Elements 9, perform the following steps: clips includes previewing and trimming
(i) Click Organize → Get Media → Files and them to eliminate unnecessary material. It
Folders. also includes revising clip properties such as
speed, direction, and duration. You can also
(ii) The Add Media dialog box opens.
edit media clips generated by other programs
(iii) Browse the audio file you want to import and
in their original applications, from within
click Open.
Adobe Premiere Elements.

Trimming video clips end. But you can also trim the end of a clip by
You can create a refined good-quality video designating a specific duration.
file by removing unwanted sections and low- Unlike video, still images are not limited to the
quality sections. Adobe Premiere Elements 9 length of the original clip. You can set their
enables you to efficiently handle blurred, shaky, duration to any length.
and unwanted low-quality and low-interest Freezing and holding frames
sections of your video file. You can easily and
Export a video frame
quickly edit and fine-tune the video files. Smart
You can grab a single frame from a video clip
trimming enables you to trim the low-quality
to use as a still image in your current movie
sections of a video file. Smart trim can be done
manually and automatically. You can trim clips or to save as a still on your hard drive for use
from Timeline view or Sceneline view. However, elsewhere. For example, you can use a still in
you can trim only one clip at a time from your movie to show a character start an action,
the Sceneline view. Smart trimming is of two but then stop mid-action, frozen on the screen.
types, manual and automatic. Manual Smart Play and hold a frame
trimming is the default mode. In this mode, To make the video start out as a still image and
you can specify the options that determine the then begin to play, click the Freeze Frame button
trimmable sections. In the automatic Smart trim in the Monitor panel to create a still image from
mode, Adobe Premiere Elements automatically a frame, and then insert that still image at the
determines the trimmable sections and you can location of the original frame.
choose to delete them or retain them.
Changing clip speed and duration
Refer to sub-units 4.2 to 4.9 of the Student Textbook
Changing clip speed
for doing the activities.
To create a fast- or slow-motion effect, we can
change clip speed. Changing clip speed changes
the clip’s duration. Speeding up a clip removes
Alternative teaching approaches,
frames, thus shortening the clip duration. In the enrichment material
same way, slowing down a clip repeats frames The ICT teachers can use Internet, charts, worksheets,
and thus adds to the length of a clip. For audio
models, go for educational field trips and subject experts
clips, a change in speed also changes pitch. The
can be called for seminars to enrich the teaching level
Time Stretch command includes an option to
and in turn help the students in learning about “Image
maintain the original pitch of an audio clip at
any speed. Processing and Multimedia Systems”.
You can change a clip’s speed using the Timeline

only—not the Sceneline. Additional Questions
Set the duration of a clip 1. Describe several multimedia environments in
The duration of a video or audio clip is the length which multimedia might be used.
of time it plays from its first frame (In point) to 2. Give examples of multimedia authoring tools.
its last frame (Out point). The initial duration of
3. List the sound, image and video file formats.
a clip is the same as it was when the clip was
imported or captured. Most often, you change a 4. How will you import and paste images and
clip’s duration by trimming frames from either graphics from other applications?

Grade 12
Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs)
S.No. Units Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs)
1. Information Systems • Describe the advantages and disadvantages of E-learning

• List the necessary technologies for E-learning
• Explain how E-learning works
• Listed some of the electronic systems
• Explain the advantage of E-government
• Explain the different services by E-government
• Explain how E-banking works
• Explain how E-libraries works
• Explain how E-commerce works
• Identify system problem
• Recognize functional and non-functional system requirements
2. Enhancing the Use of • Solve problem specific software

Software • Illustrating their ideas
• Organising their contents
• Querying their database
• Testing hypotheses
3. Exploiting the Internet • Define website

• Explain the different types of websites
• List some well—established websites
• Identify the type of website to be developed
• Describe website planning
• Explain how to design a webpage
• Explain how to hyperlinks in a website
• Insert images, buttons and animations into a webpage
• Develop content for a website with uniform formatting

Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs)
S.No. Units Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs)
4. Image Processing and • Define multimedia

Multimedia Systems • Explain importance of multimedia
• List components of multimedia
• Identify hardware and software necessary to run a multimedia
package
• Explain each stage of multimedia authoring
• Give examples of authoring multimedia tools
• Identify sound, image and video file formats
• Identify screen elements of Multimedia application
• Identify icons and their properties
• Enter text in the presentation window
• Import or paste text from another application to Multimedia
application
• Edit and format text as required
• Import and paste images and graphics from other applications
• Draw different shapes
• Set the duration before a content on the presentation window is
erased
• Erase the contents of a presentation window
• Position objects on the presentation window
• Set different types of motions using the motion icon
• Use pre-stored libraries
• Create custom libraries
• Add and use icons to a library as required
• Insert sound icons
• Import sound files
• Set the property of sound files
• Set the property of digital movie icons
• Import movie files
• Identify basics of film editing

Grade 12 SYLLABUS
INTRODUCTION
In the preparatory schools students follow either the Social Science stream or the Natural Science stream; all
students will continue to study IT.
In the long term, students will follow a common course of IT, irrespective of which stream they are in. This
course will cover Information Systems, Basic troubleshooting, Image processing and Multimedia Systems in some
depth. There will also be many opportunities to use software applications and tools that they have encountered
during studies in earlier grades.
In future years, students may elect to follow a more-specialist course in Computer Science covering such
areas as Computer Architecture, Systems Analysis and Design, Data Communications and Fundamentals of
Programming.
In the short term, Grade 12 students will continue to follow the old Information Technology course until it
is appropriate to introduce the new curriculum as described above.

Unit 1: Information Systems
46
Syllabus
(15 periods)
Unit Outcome: Students will be able to:
• understand the concept of e-learning, e-commerce, e-government, e-banking and e-libraries.
Competencies Contents Suggested Activities

• Define e-learning. 1.1 Basics of E-learning • Explain the meaning of e-learning.
• Describe the advantages • Definition of electronic • Let the teacher demonstrate the concept of e-learning with
and disadvantages of learning analogy to traditional face to face learning.
e-learning. • Advantages and • Learning management system (example Moodle).
• List the necessary disadvantages of
technologies for e-learning. e-learning
• Explain how e-learning • Technology necessary
works. for e-learning
–– Information
technology
–– Telecommunication
technology
–– Internet connection
• How e-learning works?
n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

• List some of the electronic 1.2 Basics of E-government • Describe in detail the main elements of atleast some of the
systems. • Definition of electronic systems.
• Define e-government. e-government • Let the teacher explain the definition of e-government and its
• Explain the advantage of • Advantages of application.
e-government. e-government • Teacher will organize a visit to one of the affrications listed above
• Explain the different • Application of e.g., a bank or arrange for a speaker to visit the class groups 4/5
services by e-government. e-government students will offer a presentation of the affrications to the rest of
the class all areas should be covered.
• Services delivered by
e-government
• Status of e-government
in Ethiopia
• Explain how e-banking 1.3 Basics of E-Banking • Additionally teacher will demonstrate same sample e-government
works. 1.4 Basics of E-Libraries sites from the Internet.
• Explain how e-libraries 1.5 Basics of E-Commerce • Students should explain about e-banking, e-libraries and
work. e-commerce and others.
1.6 System Analysis
• Explain how e-commerce • The students work in groups. They must choose a topic which
• Overview
works. they have studied in this unit, and design a presentation which
• System problems

• Identifying system gives full information on the topic. The presentation should be at
problem. least 15 slides long, and all students in the group must participate
in making the slides and providing information.
• Recognize functional and
non-functional system • Use resourses like PCs Internet, LCD projector, List of useful
requirements. illustrate sites.
• Students should Identifying system problem.
• Collect facts for existing system (e.g., interview, observation).
• Student should identify functional and non-functional system
requirements.
Assessment
The teacher should assess each student’s work continuously over the whole unit and compare it with the following description, based
on the specific objectives, to determine whether the student has achieved the minimum required level.
Students At Minimum Requirement Level

A student working at the minimum requirement level will be able to: Define E-learning, Describe the advantages and disadvantages
of e-learning, List the necessary technologies for e-learning, Explain how e-learning works, list some of the electronic systems, Define
e-government, Explain the advantages of e-government, Explain the different services by e-government, Explain how e-banking works,
Explain how e-libraries works and Explain how e-commerce works.
Students Above Minimum Requirement Level

Students working above the minimum requirement level should be praised and their achievements recognized. They should be
encouraged to continue working hard and not become complacent.
Students Below Minimum Requirement Level

Students working below the minimum requirement level will require extra help if they are to catch up with the rest of the class. They
should be given extra attention in class and additional lesson time during breaks or at the end of the day.
Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n

47
Syllabus
Unit 2: Enhancing the use of software
48
Syllabus
(24 periods)
• choose appropriate software tools to solve problems illustrate ideas clarify thinking in the other subjects chosen for study in
grade 11.
• Problem solving by 2.1 Using Application • Using the correct software tool will enhance knowledge of
specific software Software ICT the same time as the chosen subject.
• Illustrating their ideas • Continue by revision use of • Joint assessment by it teacher and subject teacher to do the
• Organising their contents  Word processor following:
• Querying their database  Presentation Software  Design a project where students can apply the knowledge
• Testing hypotheses  Spreadsheets

of word, excel, database and presentation SW.
 Creating a report in word which has header and footer,
 Publishing Software
section break, formats, etc.
• Databases
 Create a database project that is used to create student
database or customer above etc.

• They can prepare a presentation for their project.
• Prepare a brochure for their school to apply desktop publishing
knowledge.
Assessment


A student working at the minimum requirement level will be able to solve problems by specific software, illustrate their ideas, organising
their contents, Querying their database and testing their hypotheses.


Unit 3: Exploiting the internet
(21 periods)
• understand the concept of webpage design;
• understand and differentiate between the different kinds of websites;
• recognize the steps required for website design;

• design a simple and attractive website.

• Define website. 3.1 General Concept of • Explain terminologies like website, webpage and homepage.
• Explain the different types Website Design • Explain the types of website with examples.
of websites. • Definition of website • Demonstrate the difference between static and dynamic
• Definition of webpage website.
 Home page • Explain the different applications of websites, such as
• Types of website Educational, Commercial, Governmental and Entertainment.
–– Static and Dynamic

• Application of website
• List some well-established 3.2 Planning a Website • Students should identify the following:
websites • Determining the purpose  Knowing the audience.
• Identify the type of website of the website.  Selecting technology to use.
to be developed. • Content identification  Design of the web architecture.
• Knowing the Audience  Web content development.
 Hosting the website to a web sector.

49
Syllabus
50
Syllabus
• Describe website planning

3.3 Website Design • Discuss about the points to consider in planning a website.
• Explain how to design a Considerations • Explain the steps involved in website design with practical
webpage • Page layout of the website examples.
• Explain how to hyperlink • Create content • Discuss the ways of adding different effects to a website.
in a website –– Use of images • Students write a report discussing what must be considered
–– Page size (Creating when designing a website (Twelve periods in the computer room
and formatting tables) are allowed for this assignment), the students will develop their
draft design into a website. The site should have at least three
• Fonts (Adding design
pages, and should include the design elements noted in the
Elements)
contents.
• Insert images, buttons 3.4 Website development –– Adding and modifying graphics elements.
and animations into a –– Adding Text –– Adding Navigational Elements.
webpage.
–– Adding Image –– Adding links.
• Develop content for a
–– Creating hyperlinks –– Creating image maps and hotspots.
website with uniform
–– Inserting Table –– Creating navigational structure.
formatting.
–– Inserting Frames –– Adding Web effects.
• Adding Web effects –– Inserting animations Inserting interactive buttons.
Inserting animations • Resources: PCs access to the internet, web design software.

• Using scripts • Students should demonstrate skill using a java script and java
• Using Java applets. applets in their website.
Assessment

A student working at the minimum requirement level will be able to Define website, Explain the different types of websites, List some
well-established websites, Identify the type of website to be developed, Describe website planning, Explain how to design a web page,

Explain how to hyper links in a website, Insert images, Buttons and animations into a webpage, Develop content for a website with
uniform formatting.



51
Syllabus
Unit 4: Image processing and multimedia systems
52
Syllabus
(27 periods)
• recognise components of multimedia and work with these components effectively;
• understand the meaning and use of multimedia production;
• create interactive applications using multimedia applications.

• Define multimedia. 4.1 Basics of Multimedia • The teacher will explain the basic concepts mentioned under
• Explain importance of • Definition of multimedia the content.
multimedia. • Importance of multimedia • The students will participate in the discussion.
• List components of • Components of • Students should differentiate Multimedia and hypermedia.
multimedia. multimedia
• Identify hardware and • Hardware and software
software necessary to run requirements for
a multimedia package. multimedia
• Differentiate multimedia • Multimedia and
from hypermedia. hypermedia

• List the stages of 4.2 Multimedia Authoring • The teacher will explain and demonstrate stages of multimedia
multimedia authoring. • Stages of multimedia authoring. The teacher will explain and demonstrate Authoring
• Explain each stage of authoring tools examples like Macromedia Author ware, Adobe premier,
multimedia authoring. Macromedia Flash and the students will practise.
• Authoring tools examples
• Give examples of • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in importing,
• File formats of sound,
authoring multimedia pasting, defining styles, editing and formatting text and the
image and video
tools. students will practise.
• Identify sound, image and 4.3 Introduction to
video file formats. Multimedia Authoring
• Identify screen elements Tools
of multimedia application. • Screen elements of
multimedia application
• Creating a new project

• Building a basic piece
• Editing an icon
• Identify icons and their 4.4 Inserting and Editing Text • Students should apply Editing an icon: like Modifying
properties. • Inserting display icon properties, Displaying contents, Running and pausing a piece,
• Build a piece. and Saving and opening.
• Inserting text into a text
• Edit icons. field
• Enter text in the • Importing and pasting text
presentation window. • Defining and applying
• Import or paste text from text style
another application to • Editing and formatting
multimedia application. text as required
• Edit and format text as
required.
• Import and paste images 4.5 Working with Images • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in importing,
and graphics from other and Graphics pasting, images and graphics; drawing, colouring; erase and
applications. • Importing an image or wait.
• Resize images properly. graphic; pasting an image • The students will practise.
• Draw different shapes. or graphic
• Fill the drawings with • Modifying an image or
color. graphic
• Set the duration before • Drawing an image
a content on the • Filling colour
presentation window is • Wait icon
erased.
• Erase icon
• Erase the contents of a
presentation window.

53
Syllabus
54
Syllabus
• Apply different transitions 4.6 Page Transitions, • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in transitions,
as required. Positioning and Motion positioning and different types of motion.
• Position objects on the Icon • The students will practice.
presentation window. • Transitions
• Set different types of • Selecting transitions
motions using the motion • Positioning objects
icon.
• Types of positions
• Use pre-stored libraries.
• Using motion icon
• Types of motion
• Create custom libraries. 4.7 Libraries • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in using
• Add and use icons to a • Creating prestored libraries, creating libraries and adding and
library as required. using icons.
• Saving
• The students will practice.
• Opening and Closing
• Selecting a library
• Adding icons to the
library
• Using an icon from a
library

• Insert sound icons. 4.8 Working with Sound • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in transitions,
• Import sound files. and Digital Movies positioning and different types of motion.
• Set the property of sound • Sound icon • The students will practice.
files. • Importing sound • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in using pre-stored
• Insert digital movie icons. • Changing the sound’s play libraries, creating libraries and adding and using icons.
• Set the property of digital speed • Explain and demonstrate the steps involved in using sound
movie icons. • Working with digital and in working with digital movies.
• Identify the format of movies • The students will practice.
digital movies. • File formats (Fourteen periods in the computer room are allowed for this
• Import movie files. • Importing a digital movie assignment)
• Setting playback
conditions
• Turning the sound off
• Identify basics of film 4.9 Overview of Film Editing The students will design and produce a multimedia presentation
editing. • Basics of Film Editing on an idea or theme of their own which has relevance to the work
that they were doing in Grade 11.
Resource: Multimedia package, Authoring tools: Macromedia
Authorware, Adobe premier, Macromedia Flash, Scanner, Digital
camera, Sound recorder.

Assessment
on the specific objectives, to determine whether the students has achieved the minimum required level.

A student working at the minimum requirement level will be able to define multimedia, explain importance of multimedia, list
components of multimedia, identify hardware and software necessary to run a multimedia package, differentiate multimedia from
hypermedia, list the stages of multimedia authoring, explain each stage of multimedia authoring, give examples of authoring multimedia
tools, identify sound, image and video file formats, identify screen elements of multimedia application, edit icons, enter text in the
presentation window, edit and format text as required, import and paste images and graphics from other applications, set the duration
before a content on the presentation window is erased, erase the contents of a presentation window, apply different transitions as
required, create custom libraries, add and use icons to a library as required, insert digital movie icons, identify the format of digital
movies and import movie files.

Students working above the minimum requirement level should be praised and their achievements recognized. They should be encouraged
to continue working hard and not become complacent.

Students working below the minimum requirement level will require extra help if they are to catch up with the rest of the class. They should
be given extra attention in class and additional lesson time during breaks or at the end of the day.

55
Syllabus
GLOSSARY
A Backup: To copy files or data to a second source or

media so as to safeguard it.
Absolute Reference: Commonly used in Bandwidth: A measurement of how much data
spreadsheet applications, it is a formulated cell (bits per second) can be sent through a connection.
reference that will not adjust when used to calculate BCD: Binary Coded Decimal.
the sum of specific cells.
Binary: A basic numbering system consisting of 1s
Access: A database program which is a part of the and 0s.
Microsoft Office suite of programs.
BIT (Binary DigIT): It is the smallest unit of
Address Book: In e-mail, list of regular contacts’ processing of computerized data in terms of 1s or 0s.
addresses held in the e-mail software.
Blog: (Slang term for a Weblog) A blog is a personal
AI (Artificial Intelligence): It is the branch of journal that can be accessed publicly and allow people
computer science concerned with making computers to comment on the previously posted comments.
behave like humans.
Bluetooth: A wireless networking technology using
Alignment: Positioning of text according to the radio waves that enables user to send data and voice
margins and baseline. signals between devices over short distances.
Analog: It is any fluctuating, evolving, or BMP (Bitmap): It is a standard uncompressed
continually changing process that represents data by format for Microsoft Windows and IBM OS/2.
measurement of a continuous physical variable.
Boolean Searching: Boolean searching is built on
Animation: The display of a sequence of images a method of symbolic logic developed by George Boole,
in a computer program or on a Webpage to give the a 19th century English mathematician. Most search
impression of movement. engines support Boolean searches.
Application Software: A program that is designed Booting: Starting a computer by loading the
to perform specific tasks. operating system into memory.
ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Broadband: A general term used to describe a
Interchange. It is pronounced (as-kee). high-speed connection to the Internet.
Attachment: An attachment can be a file of almost Browser: Software program that allows the user to
any kind—a document file, an image file, a sound file or find and read encoded information in a form suitable
a video clip—that we can add, i.e., attach, to an email. for display especially on World Wide Web.
Byte: A combination of 8 bits to represent computer
b data transfer or data storage measurement.
B2B (Business-to-Business): Companies doing C
business with each other such as manufacturers selling
to distributors and wholesalers selling to retailers Cell: Intersection of a row and column in a
constitute B2B type of e-commerce. worksheet.
B2C (Business-to-Consumer): It comprises of CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory): A
businesses selling to the general public typically durable and low cost circular optical storage device
through catalogues utilizing shopping cart software. widely used to store large amounts of information.
Glossary
Chat: The typed discussion among participants Defragmenter Utility Program: It finds all the
who are online at the same time; it is just like telephone scattered files on the hard disk and reorganizes them
conversation, except that messages are typed rather as contiguous files.
than spoken. Desktop: The primary display screen of a graphical
Clipart or Clip Art: A collection of image files that user interface, on which various icons represent files,
can be embedded or inserted into Web pages, word- groups of files, programs, which can be moved,
processed documents, PowerPoint presentations, etc. accessed, added to, deleted, etc. on a real desk
Compiler: A type of system software that translates Desktop Publishing (DTP): Application software
a source program usually written in a high level for laying out text, graphics and pictures in order to
language into a machine language. produce a professional-looking publication.
Computer: An electronic device that accepts, Digital: A system that defines data in a discrete,
non-fluctuating (i.e., non-analogue), numerical digits,
processes, stores and outputs data under the control
specially 1s or 0s.
of a set of instructions.
Digital Device: A device that works with discrete
Computer Laboratory: A special place where
numbers or digits.
computers are kept to operate.
Directory: An organizing unit in a computer’s file
Computer Program: A set of instructions that the system for storing and locating files. In a hierarchical
computer carries out to perform a given task. file system, directories can contain subdirectories as
Copy, Cut and Paste: Techniques of duplicating well as files.
or removing data from one place and inserting it Disk Fragmentation: The scattering of portions of
elsewhere. files about the disk in nonadjacent areas, thus greatly
Copyright: New technologies have raised all kinds slowing access to the files.
of new issues relating to copyright—mainly because it Disk Cleanup Utility: It can search for and remove
has become so easy to copy materials from a variety of unnecessary files such as temporary files, or “temp
digital sources. files”.
Cropping: The process of removing portions of an Display Icons: The icons that display some image
image to create focus or strengthen the composition. or graphic.
CPU (Central Processing Unit): A processor on Distribution List: Also called a mailing list, is a
an IC chip (called a microprocessor) that serves as the collection of e-mail addresses that allows you to e-mail
‘brain’ of the computer. multiple people at one time.
Cursor: A movable, blinking symbol that indicates Domain Name System: An addressing system
the position on a computer screen where user action in which abbreviations are used to indicate the type
is needed. of organization or entity instead of whole name, for
example, .edu for educational institution.
D DSS (Decision Support System): A computer-
Data: A collection of raw facts and figures or a based information system that provides a flexible tool
raw input which when processed or arranged makes for analysis and helps managers focus on the future.
meaningful output. Downloading: It means transmitting data from a
Database: A structured collection of data that can remote computer to a local computer, as from a website
be used for a variety of purposes. to your own PC.
Data Communications: The moving or sharing DVD: Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc.
of encoded information between two or more data Dynaset: Set of records returned by a query.
sources using an electronic medium.
DBMS (Database Management System): E
Application software which enables the storage,
modification, retrieval, and querying of data in a E-Banking: Use of computer and e-technology as
database. a substitute for checks and other paper transactions.
Debug: To test a program and remove all the bugs E-Business: Business involving transactions using
(errors). electronic media and technology.

Glossary
E-Commerce: Buying and selling or business Format Painter: Helps to copy the format that has
transaction conducted on the Internet. been applied to text and apply it to another.
E-Governance: Application of electronic means in Freeware: This is a shortened version of Free
governance. Software. Programmers offer their work without
E-Government: Government’s use of information wanting pay in return.
technology to exchange information and services with FTP (File Transfer Protocol): A software protocol
citizens, businesses, and other arms of government. for exchanging information between computers over a
Electro Static Discharge (ESD): The release of network.
static electricity when two objects come into contact.
G
E-Learning: Means of teaching through
e-technology. GIF (Graphics Interchange Format): It is
E-Libraries: The physical sites and/or websites pronounced “jif”, supports upto 256 colors
that provide 24-hours online access to digitized audio, (8 bits per pixel).
video, and written material. Gigabyte (GB): 2 to the 30th power (1,073,741,824)
E-Mail: Stands for Electronic Mail. This is a system bytes. One gigabyte is equal to 1,024 megabytes.
of relaying messages across the Internet, from one GIGO: It is an acronym that stands for Garbage In,
Internet user to another. Garbage Out.
Encryption: A system of coding that helps prevent Google: A popular search engine.
access to private information on computer networks or GUI (Graphical User Interface): A program
on the Web. interface that takes advantage of the computer’s
EPROM: Erasable Programmable Read-Only graphics capabilities to make the program easier to
Memory (“ee-prom”). It is a memory chip whose use. Well-designed graphical user interfaces can free
contents can be erased by a mechanism using ultraviolet the user from learning complex command languages.
light and reprogrammed for other purposes.
H
Ergonomics: The study of the interaction between
people and machines. Hacker: A person who spends his/her time trying
ESS (Executive Support System): An easy-to-use to gain access to information stored on other people’s
Decision Support System made especially for top computers all around the world.
managers; it specifically supports strategic decision Hardcopy or Hard Copy: Printed output from a
making. computer, as opposed to output on screen.
Hardware: The physical equipment used in a
F
computer system, such as the CPU, peripheral devices
Flash Player and Flash Professional: Software and memory.
produced by Adobe for the development and viewing Home Page: The initial page of a site on the World
of animated and interactive sequences on the Web. Wide Web.
Firmware: A microprogram stored in read-only HTML (Hypertext Markup Language): It is a
memory (ROM), designed to implement a function collection of structuring and formatting tags used to
that had previously been provided in software. create Web pages.
Folder: An alternative word for a directory and HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol): The
which has become more common since the introduction standard protocol for transferring hypertext documents
of Windows. on the World Wide Web.
Forms: Used to provide an easy to use interface for Hyperlinks: A word or graphic display on one
user to enter, view and modify data in a table. web page that allows a computer to shift to another
Format: The arrangement of data for computer related web page.
input or output, such as the number and size of Hypertext: A method of storing data through a
fields in a record or the spacing and punctuation of computer program that allows a user to create and
information in a report. It is also to prepare a disk for link fields of information at will and to retrieve the
reading and writing. data non-sequentially.

Glossary
I hardware and software systems to organize and

communicate information electronically.
Icon: A picture or symbol to represent a command
on a computer screen. J
IC: Abbreviation for Integrated Circuit. JAVA: A high-level programming language
ICT: Information and Communication developed by Sun Microsystems.
Technology. Joystick: A device that looks a bit like a gear lever
IDE (Integrated Development Environment): in a car. This is connected to a computer and is used
A programming environment integrated into an mainly for controlling the cursor in fast action games.
application. JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group): It is
Image Processing: The set of computational pronounced “jay peg”. It supports 16.7 million colors
techniques for analyzing, enhancing, compressing, (24 bits per pixel).
and reconstructing images, generally with a digital
computer.
K
Information: Meaningfully organized data. Keyboard: An input device which is used to
Information System: A system that provides enter information which the computer displays or
information to people in an organization. processes.
Input: Anything that goes into a computer in order Kilobyte (KB): This is about a thousand bytes of
to be processed and/or stored. space. In reality, it is two to the 10th power or 1,024
bytes.
Input Device: A device that allow people to put
data into the computer in a form that the computer L
can use. For example, keyboard.
LAN (Local Area Network): A network that
Internet Explorer: A browser produced by the links together computers and peripheral equipment
Microsoft Corporation and supplied together with the within a limited area, such as a building or a group of
Windows operating system. buildings.
Integrated Circuit (IC): A circuit of transistors, Language Processor: Software that converts a
resistors, and capacitors constructed on a single high level language or assembly language code into
semiconductor wafer or chip, in which the components machine understandable form.
are interconnected to perform a given function.
Laptop Computer: A computer that is light and
Interface: This is any type of point where two can easily be carried around.
different things come together. Most often, the term is
Laser Printer: A type of printer that produces high-
used to describe the programs between you and your
quality output at a reasonable speed.
computer like Windows, UNIX and others. What you
see on the screen is the interface between you and LCD (Liquid Crystal Display): A method of
what your computer is doing. displaying readings continuously using a liquid-
crystal film, sealed between glass plates that changes
Interpreter: It translates and executes source
its optical properties when a voltage is applied.
program, written in high level language, statement-
by-statement. Learning Management System (or LMS): A
software package that enables the management
Internet: The Internet is a network of networks all of
and delivery of learning content and resources to
which use the same set of communications protocols.
students.
Intranet: A private network for communications
Linker: A program specifically designed to combine
and sharing of information that, like the Internet, is
or link together a large number of programs forming
based on TCP/IP but is accessible only to authorized
a single executable instruction set for these programs
users within an organization. An organization’s intranet
that can be loaded into the systems memory for quick
is usually protected from external access by a firewall.
execution.
ISP (Internet Service Provider): A company that
Login: To attach to a computer using the user’s ID.
provides access to the Internet.
LOGO (Logic Oriented, Graphics Oriented): A
IT (Information Technology): The development,
high level programming language specifically designed
implementation, and maintenance of computer
for its ease of use and graphics capabilities.
Glossary
M MS-PowerPoint: Presentation software, provided

by Microsoft.
Mainframe: Second largest computer available
MS-Word: Word processing application software,
after the supercomputer.
provided by Microsoft.
M-Commerce: Buying and selling of goods and
Multimedia: The integration of two or more types
services through wireless technology.
of information (text, images, audio, video, animation,
Megabyte (MB): About a million bytes of space. etc.) in a single application.
Actually it is 2 raised to the 20th power or 1,048,576
Multimedia Authoring: It involves collating,
bytes of space.
structuring and presenting information in the form of
Memory: Internal storage areas in the computer. digital multimedia, which can incorporate text, audio,
Microcomputer: A category of computer that is and still and moving images.
generally used for personal computing, for small Multimedia Authoring Tools: Tools that are used
business computing, and as a workstation attached for creating various types of multimedia applications.
to large computers or to other small computers on a
network. N
Microprocessor: An integrated computer circuit Nanosecond: A billionth of a second. Many
that performs all the functions of a CPU. computer operations, such as the speed of memory
Microsoft Office: A suite of programs produced by chips, are measured in nanoseconds. Nanosecond is
Microsoft Corporation, comprising a Word-processor often abbreviated as ns.
(Word), a Spreadsheet (Excel), a Presentation Program Navigation: It is the process of finding the way,
(PowerPoint), an Email package (Outlook), a Database i.e., navigating, around a series of menus within a
program (Access), and a Desktop Publishing package computer program or finding the way around the
(Publisher). World Wide Web by means of a browser.
MIS (Management Information System): A Netiquette: The rules of etiquette that apply when
computer-based information system that uses data communicating over computer networks, especially
recorded by Transaction Processing System as input the Internet.
into programs that produce routine reports as
Network: A system containing any combination
output.
of computers and its peripherals, used to transmit or
MODEM: Stands for MOdulator and DEModulator. receive information.
It is a device that changes data from digital (computer
Newsgroup: An online discussion community
language) to analog (phone line language) and then
found on the USENET system. These groups cover
back again.
thousands of different topics of information and are
Moodle: An Open Source Course Management offered free of charge.
System (CMS), also known as a Learning Management
Node: In networks, a processing location. A node
System (LMS) or a Virtual Learning Environment
can be a computer or some other device, such as a
(VLE).
printer.
Motherboard: The main circuit board of a
Notebook Computer: A type of Laptop Computer,
microcomputer.
but lighter and thinner—and therefore easy to carry
Monitor: The screen on which output from a around.
computer is displayed.
Mouse: A pointing device that is used by moving it O
around on the desk and pressing (clicking) a button. OAS (Office Automation System): It combines
MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group): A format various technologies to reduce the manual
to make, view, and transfer both digital audio and labour required in operating and efficient office
digital video files. environment.
MS-Access: Database application software, Offline: Not connected to a computer or network
provided by Microsoft. of computers.
MS-Excel: Spreadsheet application software, Online: Connected to a computer or network of
provided by Microsoft. computers, especially the World Wide Web.

Glossary
Operating System: A system software program the CPU processes information internally is measured
that works as a bridge between computer hardware in MegaHertz (MHz) and GigaHertz (GHz). 1 GHz is
and the user. Operating systems perform basic tasks, equal to 1,000 MHz.
such as recognizing input from the keyboard, sending Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM):
output to the display screen, keeping track of files A special memory chip that is blank when first
and directories on the disk, and controlling peripheral purchased. It can be written to by the user by using a
devices such as disk drives and printers. special hardware program. Once the data is written to
Outlook: A popular e-mail program, part of the it, it cannot be erased or changed.
Microsoft Office suite of programs. Protocol: A set of rules governing the format of
Output: Anything that comes out of a computer messages that are exchanged between computers.
after being processed. Public Domain: Material that is copyright free,
Output Device: A device that translates information whose copyright has expired, or which cannot be
processed by the computer into a form that humans copyrighted.
can understand.
Q
P
PDA (Personal Digital Assistant): A handheld Query: Used to retrieve information on a certain
device that combines computing, telephone/fax, and condition from a database.
networking features and serves as an organizer for
personal information. R
PDF (Portable Document Format): A technology RAM (Random Access Memory): A volatile
developed by Adobe and was designed to capture all computer memory available to the user for the
of the elements of a printed document and place it in temporary storage and manipulation of data.
a single image file.
Relative Reference: The default reference in a
Pen Drive: A secondary storage device that can be spreadsheet package.
used to easily transfer files between USB-compatible
systems. Reports: Used to present data in a printed
format.
Peripheral: Any external device attached to a
computer. Resolution: A measure of the number of pixels or
Pixel: The smallest element of an image that can be small dots displayed on a computer display screen,
individually processed in a video display system. printer or scanner.
Plotter: A computer output device that draws ROM (Read-Only Memory): A memory in which
images on paper using a pen. program instructions, operating procedures, or other
Podcasts: Online broadcasts that can be data are permanently stored, generally on electronic
downloaded to portable devices. chips during manufacture, and that ordinarily cannot
be changed by the user or when power is switched
Portal: A Webpage, website or service that acts as
link or entrance to other websites on the Internet. off.
Printout: Anything produced on a printer after Router: A device in a network that handles message
being processed by a computer program. transfers between computers.
Primary Key: A set of one or more values in a
database that uniquely identifies a record in a table. S
Primitives: The LOGO commands are known as Scroll Bar: A widget found in graphical user
‘Primitives’. interface and used to show and control which portion
Procedure: The sequence of actions or instructions of a document is currently visible in a window. A
to be followed in solving a problem or accomplishing window may have a horizontal or, vertical scroll bar,
a task. It may be used at one or more points in a or both.
computer program. Scanner: A device used to convert hard copy, e.g.,
Processor: A device that processes programmed a printed page, photograph or photographic negative,
instructions and performs tasks. The speed at which into a form that can be stored on a computer.
Glossary
Screen Saver: A moving picture or pattern that System: Collection of related components that
appears on the screen when you have not used the interact to perform a task in order to accomplish a
mouse or keyboard for a specified period of time. goal.
Scroll: To move up and down or from side to side Systems Analysis and Design: A six-phase
through a document or a Window to view or access all problem-solving procedure for examining an
of its contents. information system and improving it.
Search Engines: A computer program that searches Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC): A
documents, especially on the World Wide Web, for step-by-step process that many organizations follow
a specified word or words and provides a list of
during systems analysis and design.
documents in which they are found.
System Software: It is a set of master programs
Serial Port: A port or interface that can be used for
serial communication, in which only 1 bit is transmitted that keeps the computer system working.
at a time. Most serial ports on personal computers T
conform to the RS-232C or RS-422 standards.
Server: This is a mainframe computer that serves Task bar: The bar that contains the start button
the other computers attached to it. and appears by default at the bottom of the desktop.
Sheet Tab: In spreadsheet applications, this refers TCP/IP: Acronym for Transmission Control
to a tab at the bottom of a worksheet that acts as a Protocol/Internet Protocol, the suite of communications
means to identify or access different sheets within a protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet.
workbook. Technology: It is the usage and knowledge of
Slide Show: Used to display the slides in a desired tools, crafts, techniques, or systems, or methods of
sequence. organizations.
SMS (Short Message Service): A popular wireless Telecommunication: The transmission of
service that is used for sending and receiving short messages over significant distances for the purpose of
messages up to a maximum of 160 characters. The
communication
service is used for text messaging between cell
phones that are on a GSM (Global System for Mobile) Terabyte (TB): 2 to the 40th power (1,099, 511,
network. 627, 776) bytes.
Software: The set of instructions used to direct TIFF (Tagged Image File Format): It stores
the operation of a computer, as well a documentation compressed files with a flexible number of bits per
giving instructions on how to use them. pixel.
Social Networking: The grouping of individuals TPS (Transaction Processing System): A computer-
or organizations into specific groups. based information system that tracks the transactions
Source Code: Program code written in a high level needed to conduct business.
language. Toolbar: A row or rows of buttons on a display
Source data: Data for which the chart is prepared. screen that are clicked on to select various functions
Spam: The disruptive unwanted messages, in a software application or web browser.
especially commercial messages posted on a computer Topology: In networking, this refers to the physical
network or sent as e-mail. or logical arrangement of a network.
Spreadsheet: A document which helps to organize Touch-sensitive Screen: A display screen which
data in rows and columns that intersect to form cells. enables the computer to react to the touch of a finger.
Supercomputer: High-capacity computer with Transistor: A semiconductor device that amplifies,
thousands of processors that is the fastest calculating
oscillates, or switches the flow of current between two
device ever invented.
terminals by varying the current or voltage.
Switch: In networks, a device that filters and
forwards packets between LAN segments. Trojan: A type of computer virus that is loaded
into an unsuspecting users system via a host program
Syntax: Grammatical rules and structural patterns such as a free game.
governing the ordered use of appropriate words and
symbols for issuing commands, writing code, of a Turtle: A triangular shape pointer used in LOGO
programming language. that helps in drawing figures.
Glossary
Twitter: A microblogging facility that allows users a long distance, using telephone lines and satellite
to post very short texts (maximum 140 characters) communications.
containing snippets of information about what they are WAV: Stands for WAVeform sound format.
doing at a given moment, news items, links to websites Microsoft’s format for encoding sound files.
or comments on events.
Webcam: A camera connected to a computer and
linking it to the Internet.
U
Web page or Webpage: A single, usually hypertext
UNICODE: Binary coding scheme that uses 2 document on the World Wide Web that can incorporate
bytes (16 bits) for each character. It allows almost all text, graphics, sounds, etc.
the written languages of the world to be represented Web server: A computer that runs specific software
using a single character set. to serve web pages to the Internet.
Uploading: It means transmitting data from a local Web site: A connected group of pages on the
computer to a remote computer, as from your PC to a World Wide Web regarded as a single entity, usually
website you are constructing. maintained by one person or organization and
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply): It is a developed to a single topic or several closely related
backup power unit that provides continuous power topics.
when the normal power supply is interrupted. Wizard: A utility that provides guided sequence to
URL (Uniform Resource Locator): A protocol for perform complex task easily and quickly.
specifying addresses on the Internet. It is an address Wifi: Wireless Fidelity, also known as wireless
that identifies a particular file on the Internet, usually networking, a way of transmitting information without
consisting of the protocol as http, followed by the cables that is reasonably fast and is often used for
domain name. laptop computers within a business or school campus
User: Someone attached to a server or host. instead of a Local Area Network (LAN) that uses cable
User-friendly: Mainly used to describe software. connections.
Software that is easy to use and offers guidance if the Wikis: Webpages that can be viewed and modified
user does silly things is described as user-friendly. by anyone with a Web browser and Internet access.
Utility Program: A program developed to run Word Processor: Software that processes textual
within an Operating System to perform a specific matter and creates organized documents.
service. Workstation: The computer attached to the
Internet.
V WWW (World Wide Web): Series of servers or
computers that are interconnected through hypertext.
Videoconferencing or Video Conferencing: A
computer-based communications system that allows WYSIWYG: What You Say Is What You Get.
a group of computer users at different locations to
conduct a “virtual conference” in which the participants X
can see and hear one another as if they were in the
same room participating in a real conference. XML (eXtensible Markup Language): It is a markup
Virus: A program or piece of code that is loaded language, not limited to Web documents.
onto your computer without your knowledge and
runs against your wishes. Y
YouTube: A website to which we can upload our
W own video clips and view video clips uploaded by
others: http://www.youtube.com.
W3C (World Wide Web Consortium): An
international non-profit organization which acts as a
resource centre for the World Wide Web, and is active Z
in setting technical standards.
Zip Disks: The disks with a special high-quality
WAN (Wide Area Network): A network in magnetic coating that have a capacity of 100, 250 or
which computers are connected to each other over 750 megabytes.
REFERENCES
books websites
1. Brian K. Williams, Stacey C. Sawyer, “Using l www.moodle.org
Information Technology”, The McGraw-Hill l www.w3schools.com
Companies, Inc. l www.amazon.com
2. Dennis P. Curtin, Kim Foley, Kunal Sen, Cathleen l www.negotiatorpro.com
Morin, “Information Technology”, The McGraw-
l www.ebay.com
Hill Companies, Inc.
l www.microsoft.com
3. Dixit J.B., “Excel with Information and
l www.computerworld.com
Communication Technology”, Firewall Media.
l www.baycongroup.com
4. Rutkosky Nita, Seguin Denise, Roggenkamp,
l inpics.net
Rutkosky Andrey, “Microsoft Office 2007”,
l www.vtc.com
Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
l www.ibm.com
5. Cox Joyce, Preppernau Joan, “Microsoft Office
Publisher 2007 Step by Step”, Microsoft Press. l www.guidesandtutorials.com
6. Lambert Steve, Lambert III M. Dow, Preppernau l www.isoc.org

Joan, “Microsoft Office Access 2007 Step by Step”, l www.ethiotelecom.et
Microsoft Press. l www.internet.com
7. Hoffer Jeffrey A., George Joey F., Valacich Joseph l www.ehow.com
S., “Modern Systems Analysis and Design”, Pearson
l www.brothersoft.com
Education, Inc.
l www.bbc.co.uk
8. Gonzalez R.C., Woods R.E., Eddins S.L., “Digital
Image Processing”, Prentice Hall l www.draydesign.com
9. Vaughan Tay, “Multimedia: Making It Work”. l www.imageprocessingplace.com
The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. l www.adobe.com
l www.compinfo-center.com

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INFORMATION

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Laxmi Publications

© Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Education

Unit 2: Enhancing the Use of Software..................................................................................................................... 15

Unit 3: Exploiting the Internet ................................................................................................................................... 19

Unit 4: Image Processing and Multimedia Systems ............................................................................................... 36

Minimum Learning Competencies (MLCs) ...................................................................................................... 43

suGGested lesson plAn l Definition of e-government

l How e-learning works?

l The main advantages of e-learning are: l Asystem is defined as a collection of related

Additional Class Activities for Gifted Students or slow learners

ACTIVITY 1.1: Learning Models

2 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Fig 1.1: Learning models

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 3

l Conduct online exams or print randomized tests

ACTIVITY 1.3: Electronic Payment Systems

Electronic Payment System

4 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

From merchant’s perspective:

ACTIVITY 1.4: E-Government Websites

Answers to Textbook assessments

Assessment 1.1 Answer the Following

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 5

6 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Fig. 1.2: Model of support for learners using e-learning in workplaces

There are coursework or problems to be submitted Assessment 1.2

8 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

government employees, such as the provision 3. B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C

Fig. 1.4: Dataflow diagram for bank account customer

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 9

Fig. 1.6: Working of e-commerce

10 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Fig. 1.7: Starting slide show

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 11

12 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Answers to Review Questions Answer the Following

14 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

suGGested lesson plAn l Presentation software is general purpose

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 15

Additional Class Activity for Gifted Students or slow learners

Fig 2.1: A flyer created on Ethiopian recipe

16 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Answers to review questions

Fill in the Blanks much improved way of dealing with documents

Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide n 17

Desktop Publishing (DTP) involves mixing text Alternative teaching approaches,

18 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

suGGested lesson plAn l Content Identification

Review of the unit ROLE OF THE STUDENTS

ADDITIONAL CLASS ACTIVITy FOR GIFTED STUDENTS OR SLOW LEARNERS

ACTIVITY 3.1: The Risks of Online Intimacy

20 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

Answers to review Questions

Fill in the Blanks Some well-established Websites:

22 n Information Communication Technology — Grade 12 Teacher Guide

ACTIVITY 5: Writing a Report discussing What must be Considered When Designing a

l Select technology to use.

Developing the Design into the Website

Fig. 3.2: Web Page Maker window