TED(10)-1003 B Reg No..................

(REVISION-2010) Signature...............

FIRST SEMESTER DIPLOMA EXAMINATION IN ENGINEERING

TECHNOLOGY-OCTOBER, 2012
APPLIED SCIENCE-1 (Chemistry)

(Common except DCP and CABM)

[Time:11/2 hours]

(Maximum marks: 50)

PART-A

(Answer the following questions in one or two sentences.

Each question carries 2 marks)

Marks

I)

(a) Rain water is the purest form of natural waters. Give reason?
2

(b)PH of cold drink is 5. What will be its action on blue and red litmus solution?
2

Answers

I)

(a) Because it is a distilled water

OR

It Does Not Contain Mg/Ca salts

(b) Here PH is 5, so acidic. So it turn blue litmus solution to red. But no action on red
litmus Solution.
 PART-B

(Answer any two full questions. Each question carries 8 marks.)

II)

(a) Find the oxidation number of “Cr” in K2 Cr2 O7 and Cr2 O3. 4

(b) Explain the role of ion-exchange resins in softening of hard water? 4

III)

(a) What is acid-base indicator? What type of indicators are used in the following set
of titrations:

(i) HNO3 X NaOH (iii) NaOH X acetic acid

(ii) Na2 CO3 X H2SO4 4

(b)How do water becomes hard water? Define degree of hardness of water. 4

IV)

(a)Point out the reading and oxidizing agents in the following reaction :

MnO2 + 4HCl  MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O 4

(b) Enumerate the applications of carbon nanotubes in medicine. 4

Answers

II)

a) +1 x -2 X -2
K2 Cr2 O7 Cr2 O3
(2x1)+(2xX)+(7X-2)=0 2X+(3X-2)=0
2+2X-14=0 2X-6=0
2X-12=0 2X=6
2X=12 X=6/2=+3
X=12/2=+6
 b) It can be removed by using synthetic resins like Cation exchanger [E-H+] or anion
exchanger[E-OH-] as shown below

Step 1:

Hard water passed through a tank containing [E-H+] so the following occur

2 E-H+ + Ca2+  E2Ca + 2H+

Step 2:

This water coming out of cation exchanger is then passed through anion exchanger
[E-OH-]

ie E-OH- + Cl-  ECl + OH-

and H+ + OH-  H2O

III)

a) Indicator: Substance added to the conical flask to know the end point. It shows
colour change in a particular PH range. Eg: Methyl orange, Phenolphthalein, Methyl
red etc.

(i) Phenolphthalein/Methyl orange (iii) Phenolphthalein

(ii) Methyl orange

b) It is due to presence of dissolved impurities like HCO3-, Cl- & SO42- of Ca and Mg. It
Form insoluble scum with soap. There are two types
1) Temporary Hardness:- It is due to HCO3- of Ca and Mg.
2) Permanent Hardness:- It is due to Cl-, SO42- of Ca and Mg.

Degree of Hardness:

It is the number of parts by weight of CaCO3 present in one million (106)

parts by weights of water. Unit= PPM (Parts Per Million)

IV

a) Oxidation

Reducing agent

+4 -2 +1 -1 +2 -1 0 +1 -2
 MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

Reduction

Oxidising agent

So Mn is the Oxidising agent & Chlorine is the Reducing agent.

b)

1. Act as molecular type test-tube and capsule for drug delivery

2. As a tips for analysis of DNA and proteins by a atomic force microscopy.

3. Can detect and locate tumors accurately.

4. Nano shell attaching only to cancer shell and destroy tumor

5. Can deliver right amount of medicine to exact spot of the body using nano
technology

PART-C

(Answer one full question from each unit. Each question carries 15 marks.)

UNIT-1

V)

(a) Explain the neutralization reaction according to Arrhenius concept and Lewis
concept with suitable example. 4

(b) Define PH. Calculate the PH of 0.001 normal NaOH solution. 4

(c) Calculate the mass of zinc required to produce 20g of H2 gas at STP using
hydrochloric acid (At. Wt. Zn=65.5). 4
(d) Applying the following equation. Calculate the equivalent mass of Ca(OH2)
Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4  CaSO4 + 2H2O 3
OR
VI)

(a) Copper sulphate solution is taken in a beaker and ion metal rod is dipped it. The
following reaction occurs:

Cu2+(aq) + Fe(s)  Fe2+(aq) + Cu(s)

What changes you can observe? 3
(b) What are the different types of buffer solutions? Give examples. 4
 (c) Define standard solution and normal solution. 4
(d) Calculate the mass of H2SO4 required making 0.01 Normal 200ml solution. 4

Answers

V)

(a)
According to Arrhenius concept Neutralization is the reaction of H + from acid
and OH- from base form water. Ex: H+ + OH-  H2O
According to Lewis concept Neutralisation is the reaction of Lewis acid with Lewis
base form corresponding products

Ex: 1) NH3 + BF3 H3N:BF3

H
(b) P is the negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration

ie PH=_log[H+]
Given [OH_] =0.001N
We have [H+][OH-] =10-14
[H+]=10-14/0.001
=10-11
So PH= _ log [10-11]
=11

(c) The balanced equation is Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl2 + H2

65.5g 2g

? 20g

So amount of Zn required to produce 20g H2 = 65.5 x 20 =655g

(d) Equivalent weight of Ca(OH)2 = Molecular mass/Acidity =74/2=37

OR

VI)
(a) It is a Redox reaction &Blue colour of Cu2+(aq) disappear because Fe displaces Cu
from Cu2+(aq)

(b) There are two types

 Acidic buffer:
H
Here P is less than 7 and is formed by combination of a weak acid
and its salt with a strong base eg: CH3COOH+CH3COONa
Basic buffer:
H
Here P is greater than 7 and is formed by combination of a weak
base and its salt with a strong acid Eg: NH4OH+NH4Cl

(c) Standard solution: Solution whose concentration is known.

Normal solution: Solution in which its normality is one. Normality is the number
of gram

Equivalent of solute present in one littre(1000ml) of solution

Ie; Normality, N= Gram equivalents of solute

Volume of solution in L

(d) Here N=0.01N , Volume in ml=200ml

Equivalent weight of H2SO4=98/2=49 ; W2=?

We have N= W2 X 1000

Eqvt weight Vol in ml

W2= 0.01x49x200 = 0.098g

1000

UNIT-II

VII)

(a) What are the disadvantages of using hard water?

4

(b) Define ionic product of water. How will you obtain its value?
4
(c) Explain two methods for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes.
4
(d) What is sterilization of water? Mention any two sterilization methods of water.
3
 OR
VIII)

(a) Any two advantages of using hard water.

3

(b) Comment on the structure of carbon nanotubes.

4
(c) Explain the different type of filtrations in water treatment.
4
(d) Write down the EDTA titration method for the estimation of hardness of water
4

Answers

VII)

(a)

I) In laundry :

i)Wastage of soap: because While washing with hard water,soap from lather
only after removing all dissolved impurities, so cause wastage of soap.

ii) It cause spot and streak on the cloth.

II)In steam boiler :

i)Wastage of fuel:- Hard water cause a hard deposit on boiler called scale. It
cause wastage of fuel

ii)Cause explosion of boiler: Due to intense heat , the scale may crack and
Cause explosion of boiler (because it is a heat insulating one.)

iii) Cause corrosion of the boiler: Because of the formation of HCl as shown
below.

MgCl2 + H2O  Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl

III) Not use for cooking, bathing etc.

(b) Ionic product of water [Kw] is the product of concentration of H+ and OH- ions in
water.

It was experimentally found that at 250C , [H+]=[OH-]=10-7 mol/liter.

 So Kw =10-7 x 10-7 mol/liter at 250C

OR

Kw = 10-14 mol2/liter2

(c)

a) Chemical Vapor Deposition Method (CVD) : Here CH4 heated in a chamber

containing Fe as catalyst at high temperature. So that C-H bond breaks form ‘C’
atom. This C atom bind with other C atom form nano tube lattice

b)High pressure Carbon Monoxide Deposition Method (HiPCO): CO(g) & atoms of
iron cluster are heated in a chamber at high pressure. So that Fe breaks the CO
molecules as C &O2 by acting as a catalyst. This ‘C’ atom bind with other ‘C’ atoms
form nanotube lattice. O2 react with unburnt CO form CO2

(d) Sterilization it is the destroying of disease causing bacteria and micro organism
using fertilizers or disinfectant like bleaching powder etc. These are

1. Chlorination :

By passing chlorine gas or water. So the hypochlorous acid formed kills the
germs .It need less space Cl2 available in pure form are advantages, but excess Cl2
cause unpleasant smell, taste etc.

2 .Using bleaching powder( CaOCl2) :

Mix 1Kg CaOCl2 with 1000 kilo liter water. By oxidizing action of Cl , It kills the
germs.

3. By passing Ozone(O3).

On passing O3 through water, following reaction occur.

O3  O2 + [O]

Here nascent oxygen produces killed the germs by oxidizing action. Its excess is not
armful

OR
VIII)
 (a)

(i)It contains Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions required for health

(ii) Does not dissolve Pb from lead pipe

(b) Its structure seemed to be formed by rolling the sheet of graphite in to the shape
of cylindrical tube either closed or open at the end.

Two varieties of CNT are SWNT (Single Walled Carbon Nano Tube.It is like a single
cylinder) and MWNT (multi Wallled Carbon Nano Tube.It contains multiple
concentric nano tube cylinder)

Based on orientation of lattice, nano tubes are Classified in to three types

1) Arm Chair

2)Zig Zag

3)Chiral

(c) Filtration: Used to remove colloidal and bacterial impurities from water. These are

1. Operation of gravity sand filter method:

It is done as shown below

2. Operation of pressure filter method:

Here filtering medium is essentially same as above. Filtering materials

is kept in a closed cylinder and water is forced into filter under pressure. It is
used for hot water, require less space.

(d) Not included in the syllabus