IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication and Signal Processing (lCCCSP-2017)

Internet of Vehicles (10V) for

Traffic Management
Tej Tharang Dandala 1 Vallidevi Krishnamurth~ Raj an Alwan3
1,2,3 SSN College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract-Internet of Things (loT) is a world-wide network enables to take decisions via pre-embedded algorithms. Some
connecting all the smart objects together. It is the way in which instances are
aU things are enabled to talk with each other. Whenever those
smart things being connected over internet are restricted to only 1. When a traffic signal violation occurs, the speed
vehicles, then it is called as Internet of Vehicles (loY). With cameras immediately take pictures of the driver and
continuously increasing urban population and rapidly the credentials of the vehicles and report them to a
expanding cities, vehicle ownership has been increasing at centralized repository.
an exponential rate. Hence, traffic management has 2. When a CCTV camera records an accident, the traffic
become a great problem in our day today life. This paper signals work in a way to clear the route, for an
provides 10V based traffic management solution to emergency response vehicle to come through.
overcome the problem that is prevailing in our daily life.
While these instances are helpful in demonstrating the
Keywords-Internet of Things; Internet of Vehicles; Traffic usefulness of loT in traffic management, there are some
Management; Monitoring; Communication, Server instances where this system is trumped such as:

I. INTRODUCTION 1. Monitoring individual vehicles in the traffic and

The internet in today's world is a global phenomenon. With alerting the vehicles that are 500 meters away from
more and more devices becoming internet friendly, traffic the place of traffic, to be redirected.
management in transportation working with the internet 2. Keeping pollution check on all the vehicles on road
becomes easier. As vehicle ownership has been increasing at so that the air pollution could be controlled to certain
an exponential rate, more traffic management problems arise.
extent.
It is logical that the monitoring of speed limits, pollution
checks and emergency response to road accidents should also Therefore the objective of this paper is to demonstrate
be taken care to make life easier. how 10V can be an effective strategy in dealing with the
The traditional solutions offered to this problem are drawbacks of conventional loT deployment techniques in
periodic pollution checks, monitoring of vehicular speed traffic management.
through CCTV cameras and speed trackers. While being the
obvious choices, these strategies do tend to fail when it comes II loV BASED TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
to monitoring of a huge number of vehicles i.e. when the
number of vehicles increases, the effectiveness by which a For the prospects of Internet of Vehicles (loV) to be a
road transport authority can handle the incoming breaches of reality, the vehicles need to be able to work and communicate
vehicular code decreases. This is where Internet of Things seamlessly. Communications in this proposal are as follows:
(loT) [3] comes into play.
Out of the many proposed methodologies with wireless A. Communication between the vehicles and the vehicle
sensor networks [4] in traffic management, the prospects of owners
Internet of Vehicles (10V) stand out. This paper mainly B. Communication between vehicles.
focuses on discussing the methodology, advantages and C. Communication between vehicles and a centralized
hindrances in creating an 10V. server
The basic concept of loT in traffic management has been D. Communication between server and third parties like
widely accepted and is being put to use in the construction on police patrol, ambulance, fire-engine, etc.
smart cities' infrastructures [5] [8]. The deployment of this
concept proposes significant advantages in handling traffic. A. Communication between vehicles and the Vehicle Owners
The connection of CCTV cameras, traffic lights and speed
trackers to the internet as well as their interconnectivity Few attributes of the vehicle like the vehicle speed and
fuel level are directly reported to the users in the vehicles,
IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication and Signal Processing (ICCCSP-2017)

only when the vehicle is in use. However, to enable the user to 2. Monitoring of the immediate surroundings ofa
receive active updates even when the vehicle is not being used vehicle through onboard cameras.
and when the user is away from the vehicle, an onboard 3. Speed of vehicles within a particular radius of the
processor is useful. vehicle under consideration.
4. Tyre burst related accidental information

When a vehicle is on the road or even when a vehicle is

parked, its proximity to other vehicles in its immediate
vicinity can prove to be crucial in avoiding accidents and
damage to the vehicle.

Being able to know the speed of the vehicles surrounding a

particular vehicle can help in issuing a warning to the nearby
vehicles on the road about a fast approaching vehicle. Thus the
vehicle which receives the warning message will alert the
driver regarding the problem next to him.

C. Communication between vehicles and a centralized server

The data monitored from the vehicle is relayed to the

Figure 1: Vehicle to its Owner Communication nearest communications node via an onboard computer. The
node in-turn communicates the data via a satellite to the
The active updates mentioned may involve communications node of the server which monitors breaches.
a. security alert about the vehicle, The server stores the data in the database and analyzes the data
for the breach. It then provides a suitable solution to the
b. damage alert about the vehicle
vehicle through the same channel from which it received the
c. the attributes like proximity, tyre pressure and messages which is shown in Figure 1.
vehicle lock

The sensors and the onboard processors in the vehicle are

shown in Figure 1.

B. Communication between vehicles

Figure 3: Vehicles to Centralized Server Communication

To monitor the metrics of the vehicles, a number of sensors

are deployed on each vehicle. 10V make these sensors work in
unison to be able to derive reasonable inferences from the data
Figure 2: Vehicle to Vehicle Communication generated.
Communication between vehicles involves the sharing of It is not uncommon for automobiles to have sensors in-built
these data: [6]. However, with the vast amount of data that needs to be
analyzed, sensors are to be standardized to have effective
1. Proximity between the vehicles
IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication and Signal Processing (ICCCSP-2017)

results. The metrics of the automobile that need to be

monitored are: The onboard processors on the vehicles relay data
directly to the traffic signal thereby helping it decide which
• Tyre pressure lane to clear faster and how much time a green signal is to be
• Fuel level allocated to each lane. Also, the approach of an emergency
• Speed! velocity reading response vehicle can help the traffic signal clear the route for
• Exhaust gases' contents those vehicles.
• Vehicle lock
Sensors are fixed at their respective positions to 2. Human proximity detection
continuously monitor the data being generated. All these
localized sensors are to be set with threshold values. When The proximity sensors onboard detect the body
breached, all the data regarding the breach are to be sent to a temperatures of humans on the road or on the pavement. The
processing and communications device on-board [7]. visibility of humans or wandering animals on the road is
greatly reduced during night and this may lead to fatal
accidents. To prevent this, the sensors detect human presence
The processor will basically be a mini computer on board, on the road and immediately reduce the speed of the vehicle or
powerful enough to handle the processing of the incoming apply emergency brakes depending on the proximity to the
data and the communication modules implemented on board. vehicle.

Use of a raspberry pi processor [8] on board has been 3. Theft avoidance

tested and proven to be successful and can be extended to
vehicle management as well. It offers some significant The sensors onboard are designed to identify keyless
advantages in terms of power consumption and speed of entry, breaking of window panes and forceful start of the
processing and it is used as a communications device [9]. vehicle. In this case, the onboard processor will immediately
lock down the entire vehicle, prevent it from starting and alert
the police patrol.
D. Communication between Server and Third Parties
4. Accident avoidance
This mode of communication occurs between the server
The vehicle to vehicle communication on road can help to
and the third parties including:
detect when the vehicles are going to collide or if a single
vehicle might lose control due to the attributes like overspeed,
1. Emergency response like ambulance, fire-engine
tyre pressure and lane deviation data [10].
2. Pollution control
3. Police patrol 5. Emergency response

When a vehicle undergoes collision or detects a collision

Data deemed to be of primary concern are the data
to a nearby vehicle the emergency response vehicles like
regarding vehicular collision, temperature spikes, theft etc.
ambulance, fire-engine are immediately sent for and the exact
When these data are reported from the onboard processor on
GPS coordinates of the accident site[ll] are relayed to it. This
the vehicle, to the server, they are forwarded to the respective
in unison with the traffic control help in reducing loss of lives
third parties.
on road.
6. Vehicles - autonomous
These third parties then correspond directly with the
vehicle under consideration and take measures to provide Basic attributes of vehicles - speed, tyre pressure, fuel
necessary assistance. Deciding when the third parties need to level, condition of the tyres, oil level in the engine are
be triggered is up to the centralized server. Information monitored and a warning is issued to the user in case the
regarding how to classify the incoming messages is of primal mentioned attributes exceed or drop below preset threshold
importance and is to be pre-fed into the server's decision values.
making algorithm.
IV. DRAWBACKS OF 10V IN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
III ADVANTAGES OF 10V IN TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
There are few drawbacks identified when using 10V for traffic
There are few advantages of using 10V in traffic management. management. They are:
They are :
1. Traffic control 1. Security
IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communication and Signal Processing (lCCCSP-2017)

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