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    Cauchy Riemann Equations

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    Atom VonDudang
    This document derives the Cauchy-Riemann equations and Laplace equations in both rectangular and polar coordinate forms. It shows that: 1) In rectangular coordinates, the Cauchy-Riemann equations are ux = vy and vx = -uy, and these imply the Laplace equation uxx + uyy = 0. 2) In polar coordinates, the polar Cauchy-Riemann equations are ur = vθ/r and vr = -uθ/r, and these imply the polar Laplace equation urr + (1/r)ur + uθθ/r2 = 0. 3) The complex derivative f'(z) can be expressed in polar form as f'(

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cauchy Riemann Equations

    Uploaded by

    Atom VonDudang
    190 views1 page
    This document derives the Cauchy-Riemann equations and Laplace equations in both rectangular and polar coordinate forms. It shows that: 1) In rectangular coordinates, the Cauchy-Riemann equations are ux = vy and vx = -uy, and these imply the Laplace equation uxx + uyy = 0. 2) In polar coordinates, the polar Cauchy-Riemann equations are ur = vθ/r and vr = -uθ/r, and these imply the polar Laplace equation urr + (1/r)ur + uθθ/r2 = 0. 3) The complex derivative f'(z) can be expressed in polar form as f'(

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    Cauchy Riemann Equations

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    This document derives the Cauchy-Riemann equations and Laplace equations in both rectangular and polar coordinate forms. It shows that: 1) In rectangular coordinates, the Cauchy-Riemann equations are ux = vy and vx = -uy, and these imply the Laplace equation uxx + uyy = 0. 2) In polar coordinates, the polar Cauchy-Riemann equations are ur = vθ/r and vr = -uθ/r, and these imply the polar Laplace equation urr + (1/r)ur + uθθ/r2 = 0. 3) The complex derivative f'(z) can be expressed in polar form as f'(

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    190 views1 page

    Cauchy Riemann Equations

    Uploaded by

    Atom VonDudang
    This document derives the Cauchy-Riemann equations and Laplace equations in both rectangular and polar coordinate forms. It shows that: 1) In rectangular coordinates, the Cauchy-Riemann equations are ux = vy and vx = -uy, and these imply the Laplace equation uxx + uyy = 0. 2) In polar coordinates, the polar Cauchy-Riemann equations are ur = vθ/r and vr = -uθ/r, and these imply the polar Laplace equation urr + (1/r)ur + uθθ/r2 = 0. 3) The complex derivative f'(z) can be expressed in polar form as f'(

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Derivation of the Cauchy Riemann Equations and Laplace Equations

    Cauchy-Riemann Equations (Rectangular form):


    ∂f ∂f 1
    With f ( z ) = u + iv obtain f ′( z ) = = u x + ivx & f ′( z ) = = ( u y + iv y ) = v y − iu y
    ∂x ∂iy i
    CR1: ux = vy CR2: v x = −u y

    So u xx = v yx and vxy = −u yy ⇒ u xx = −u yy ⇒ u xx + u yy = 0 Laplace Equation! (v is similar)


    Polar Transforms:
    x = r cos θ ⇒ xr = cos θ & xθ = − r sin θ
    y = r sin θ ⇒ yr = sin θ & yθ = r cos θ
    x → (r ,θ )
    Chain rule: u or v →
    y → (r ,θ )
    A: ur = u x xr + u y yr = u x cos θ + u y sin θ
    B: uθ = u x xθ + u y yθ = −u x r sin θ + u y r cos θ
    uθ
    C: vr = vx xr + v y yr = vx cos θ + v y sin θ = −u y cos θ + u x sin θ = −
    r
    D: vθ = vx xθ + v y yθ = −vx r sin θ + v y r cos θ = u y r sin θ + u x r cos θ = rur

    Polar Cauchy-Riemann Equations:


    vθ uθ
    PCR1: ur = by Eq. D and PCR2: vr = − by Eq. C
    r r
    vθ vθ r v u u u
    so urr = − r − θθ2 ⇒ r urr + rur + uθθ = 0
    2
    urr = − 2
    + with θ = ur and vrθ = − θθ
    r r r r r r
    which is the Polar Laplace Equation (and similarly for v!)

    Polar form for f ′( z ) derived with Method I (chain rule): (use z = reiθ )
    ∂f df ∂z ∂f df ∂z v u 
    = = f ′( z )eiθ ⇒ f ′( z ) = e − iθ ( ur + ivr ) & = = f ′( z )rieiθ ⇒ f ′( z ) = e −iθ  θ − i θ 
    ∂r dz ∂r ∂θ dz ∂θ  r r 

    Polar form for f ′( z ) with Method II (Cramer’s Rule):


    cos θ sin θ
    Using Cramer’s Rule on A: and B: above obtain: ∆ = = r cos 2 θ + r sin 2 θ = r
    − r sin θ r cos θ
    ur sin θ
    uθ r cos θ r cos θ ur − sin θ uθ u
    ux = = = cos θ ur − sin θ θ = cos θ ur + sin θ vr by PCR2
    ∆ r r
    cos θ ur
    −r sin θ uθcos θ uθ + r sin θ ur u
    uy = = = cos θ θ + sin θ ur = − cos θ vr + sin θ ur = −vx by PCR2, CR2
    ∆ r r
    ⇒ f ′( z ) = u x + ivx = ( cos θ ur + sin θ vr ) − i ( − cos θ vr + sin θ ur ) = ( cos θ − i sin θ )( ur + ivr ) = e − iθ ( ur + ivr )
    v u 
    ⇒ f ′( z ) = e − iθ ( ur + ivr ) = e −iθ  θ − i θ  by PCR2 which is the complex derivative in polar form!
     r r 

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