Wireless Cellular and LTE 4G Broadband

B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering/

Telecommunication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

Subject Code 15EC81 IA Marks 20

Number of 04 Exam Marks 80
Lecture
Hours/Week
Total Number of
50Lecture
(10 Hours
Hours
/ Module) Exam Hours 03

CREDITS – 04
Course Objectives:
Students shall be able to
1. Understand the basics of LTE standarization phases and specifications.
2. Explain the system architecture of LTE and E-UTRAN, the layer of LTE,
based on the use of OFDMA and SC-FDMA principles.
3. Analyze the role of LTE radio interface protocols to set up, reconfigure
and release the Radio Bearer, for transferring the EPS bearer.
4. Analyze the main factors affecting LTE performance including mobile
speed and transmission bandwidth.
Module – 1
Key Enablers for LTE features: OFDM, Single carrier FDMA, Single carrier
FDE, Channel Dependant Multiuser Resource Scheduling, Multiantenna
Techniques, IP based Flat network Architecture, LTE Network Architecture. (Sec
1.4- 1.5 of Text).

Wireless Fundamentals: Cellular concept, Broadband wireless channel (BWC),

Fading in BWC, Modeling BWC – Empirical and Statistical models, Mitigation of
Narrow band and Broadband Fading (Sec 2.2 – 2.7of Text).

Module – 2
Multicarrier Modulation: OFDM basics, OFDM in LTE, Timing and Frequency
Synchronization, PAR, SC-FDE (Sec 3.2 – 3.6 of Text).
.
OFDMA and SC-FDMA: OFDM with FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, OFDMA, SC-FDMA,
OFDMA and SC-FDMA in LTE (Sec 4.1 – 4.3, 4.5 Text).

Multiple Antenna Transmission and Reception: Spatial Diversity overview,

Receive Diversity, Transmit Diversity, Interference cancellation and signal
enhancement, Spatial Multiplexing, Choice between Diversity, Interference
suppression and Spatial Multiplexing (Sec 5.1 – 5.6 of Text).
Module – 3
Overview and Channel Structure of LTE: Introduction to LTE, Channel
Structure of LTE, Downlink OFDMA Radio Resource, Uplink SC-FDMA Radio
Resource (Sec 6.1 – 6.4 of Text).
.
Downlink Transport Channel Processing: Overview, Downlink shared
channels, Downlink Control Channels, Broadcast channels, Multicast channels,
Downlink physical channels, H-ARQ on Downlink (Sec 7.1 – 7.7 of Text).

Module – 4
Uplink Channel Transport Processing: Overview, Uplink shared channels,
Uplink Control Information, Uplink Reference signals, Random Access
Channels, H-ARQ on uplink (Sec 8.1 – 8.6 of Text).

Physical Layer Procedures: Hybrid – ARQ procedures, Channel Quality

Indicator CQI feedback, Precoder for closed loop MIMO Operations, Uplink
channel sounding, Buffer status Reporting in uplink, Scheduling and Resource
Allocation, Cell Search, Random Access Procedures, Power Control in uplink (Sec
9.1- 9.6, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10 Text).
Module – 5
Radio Resource Management and Mobility Management:
PDCP overview, MAC/RLC overview, RRC overview, Mobility Management, Inter-
cell Interference Coordination (Sec 10.1 – 10.5 of Text).
Text Book:
Arunabha Ghosh, Jan Zhang, Jefferey Andrews, Riaz Mohammed,
‗Fundamentals of LTE‘, Prentice Hall, Communications Engg and Emerging
Technologies.
Reference Books:
1. ‗LTE for UMTS Evolution to LTE-Advanced‘ HarriHolma and Antti Toskala,
Second Edition - 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Print ISBN:
9780470660003.

2. ‗EVOLVED PACKET SYSTEM (EPS) ; THE LTE AND SAE EVOLUTION

OF 3G UMTS‘ by Pierre Lescuyer and Thierry Lucidarme, 2008, John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Print ISBN:978-0-470-05976-0.

3. ‗LTE – The UMTS Long Term Evolution ; From Theory to Practice‘ by

Stefania Sesia, IssamToufik, and Matthew Baker, 2009 John Wiley & Sons
Ltd, ISBN 978-0-470-69716-0.
 FIBER OPTICS and NETWORKS
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)]

Subject Code 15EC82 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture
4 Exam Marks 80
Hours/Week
Total Number of 50 (10 Hours /
Exam Hours 03
Lecture Hours Module)
CREDITS – 04
Modules
Module -1
Optical fiber Communications: Historical development, The general system,
Advantages of optical fiber communication, Optical fiber waveguides: Ray
theory transmission, Modes in planar guide, Phase and group velocity,
Cylindrical fiber: Modes, Step index fibers, Graded index fibers, Single mode
fibers, Cutoff wavelength, Mode field diameter, effective refractive index. Fiber
Materials, Photonic crystal fibers. (Text 2)

Module -2
Transmission characteristics of optical fiber: Attenuation, Material
absorption losses, Linear scattering losses, Nonlinear scattering losses, Fiber
bend loss, Dispersion, Chromatic dispersion, Intermodal dispersion:
Multimode step index fiber.

Optical Fiber Connectors: Fiber alignment and joint loss, Fiber splices,
Fiber connectors, Fiber couplers. (Text 2)
Module -3
Optical sources: Energy Bands, Direct and Indirect Bandgaps, Light
Emitting diodes: LED Structures, Light Source Materials, Quantum Efficiency
and LED Power, Modulation. Laser Diodes: Modes and Threshold conditions,
Rate equation, External Quantum Efficiency, Resonant frequencies, Laser
Diode structures and Radiation Patterns: Single mode lasers.

Photo detectors: Physical principles of Photodiodes, Photodetector noise,

Detector response time.

Optical Receiver: Optical Receiver Operation: Error sources, Front End

Amplifiers, Receiver sensitivity, Quantum Limit. (Text 1)
Module -4
WDM Concepts and Components: Overview of WDM: Operational Principles
of WDM, WDM standards, Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Multiplexers, Isolators
and Circulators, Fiber grating filters, Dielectric Thin-Film Filters, Diffraction
Gratings, Active Optical Components, Tunable light sources,

Optical amplifiers: Basic application and Types, Semiconductor optical

amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers, Raman Amplifiers, Wideband
Optical Amplifiers. (Text 1)
Module -5
Optical Networks: Optical network evolution and concepts : Optical
networking terminology, Optical network node and switching elements,
Wavelength division multiplexed networks, Public telecommunication network
overview. Optical network transmission modes, layers and protocols:
Synchronous networks, Asynchronous transfer mode, OSI reference model,
Optical transport network, Internet protocol, Wavelength routing networks:
Routing and wavelength assignment, Optical switching networks: Optical
circuit switched networks, packet switched networks, Multiprotocol Label
Switching, Optical burst switching networks, Optical network deployment:
Long-haul networks, Metropoliton area networks, Access networks, Local area
networks. (Text 2)
Graduating Attributes (as per NBA)
Engineering Knowledge
Problem Analysis
Design / Development of solutions
Question Paper pattern:
The Question paper will have ten questions.
Each full Question consisting of 16marks
There will be 2 full Questions (with a maximum of four sub questions)
from each module.
Each full question will have sub questions covering all the topics under a
module.
The Students will have to answer 5 full Questions, selecting one full
Question from each module.
Text Book:
1. Gerd Keiser , Optical Fiber Communication, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill
Education(India) Private Limited, 2015. ISBN:1-25-900687-5.
2. John M Senior, Optical Fiber Communications, Principles and Practice,
3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2010, ISBN:978-81-317-3266-3

Reference Book:
Joseph C Palais, Fiber Optic Communication , Pearson Education, 2005,
ISBN: 0130085103
 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering/
Telecommunication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

Subject Code 15EC831 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture 03 Exam Marks 80
Hours/Week
Total Number of 40 (08 Hours / Exam Hours 03
Lecture Hours Module)
CREDITS – 03
Course Objectives: This course will enable students to:
Understand overview of microsystems, their fabrication and application areas.
Working principles of several MEMS devices.
Develop mathematical and analytical models of MEMS devices.
Know methods to fabricate MEMS devices.
Various application areas where MEMS devices can be used.

Modules
Module – 1
Overview of MEMS and Microsystems: MEMS and Microsystem, Typical MEMS and
Microsystems Products, Evolution of Microfabrication, Microsystems and
Microelectronics, Multidisciplinary Nature of Microsystems, Miniaturization.
Applications and Markets.
Module – 2
Working Principles of Microsystems: Introduction, Microsensors, Microactuation,
MEMS with Microactuators, Microaccelerometers, Microfluidics.

Engineering Science for Microsystems Design and Fabrication: Introduction,

Atomic Structure of Matters, Ions and Ionization, Molecular Theory of Matter and
Inter-molecular Forces, Doping of Semiconductors, The Diffusion Process, Plasma
Physics, Electrochemistry.
Module – 3
Engineering Mechanics for Microsystems Design: Introduction, Static Bending of
Thin Plates, Mechanical Vibration, Thermomechanics, Fracture Mechanics, Thin Film
Mechanics, Overview on Finite Element Stress Analysis.

Module – 4
Scaling Laws in Miniaturization: Introduction, Scaling in Geometry, Scaling in Rigid-
Body Dynamics, Scaling in Electrostatic Forces, Scaling of Electromagnetic Forces,
Scaling in Electricity, Scaling in Fluid Mechanics, Scaling in Heat Transfer.

Module – 5
Overview of Micromanufacturing: Introduction, Bulk Micromanufacturing, Surface
Micromachining, The LIGA Process, Summary on Micromanufacturing.

Microsystem Design: Introduction, Design Considerations, Process Design,

Mechanical Design, Using Finite Element Method.
Question paper pattern:
The question paper will have 10 full questions carrying equal marks.
Each full question consists of 16 marks with a maximum of four sub questions.
There will be 2 full questions from each module covering all the topics of the
module
The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question from
each module.
Text Book:
1. Tai-Ran Hsu, MEMS and Micro systems: Design, Manufacture and Nanoscale
Engineering, 2nd Ed, Wiley.
Reference Books:
1. Hans H. Gatzen, Volker Saile, Jurg Leuthold, Micro and Nano Fabrication: Tools
and Processes, Springer, 2015.
2. Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik, Microelectromechanical
Systems(MEMS), Cenage Learning.
 SPEECH PROCESSING
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering/
Telecommunication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

Subject Code 15EC832 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture 03 Exam Marks 80
Hours/Week
Total Number of 40 (8 Hours / Exam Hours 03
Lecture Hours Module)
CREDITS – 03
Modules
Module-1
Fundamentals of Human Speech Production: The Process of Speech Production,
Short-Time Fourier Representation of Speech, The Acoustic Theory of Speech
Production, Lossless Tube Models of the Vocal Tract, Digital Models for Sampled
Speech Signals

Module-2
Time-Domain Methods for Speech Processing: Introduction to Short-Time Analysis
of Speech, Short-Time Energy and Short-Time Magnitude, Short-Time Zero-Crossing
Rate, The Short-Time Autocorrelation Function, The Modified Short-Time
Autocorrelation Function, The Short-Time Average Magnitude Difference Function.

Module-3
Frequency Domain Representations: Discrete-Time Fourier Analysis, Short-Time
Fourier Analysis, Spectrographic Displays, Overlap Addition(OLA),Method of
Synthesis, Filter Bank Summation(FBS) Method of Synthesis, Time-Decimated Filter
Banks, Two-Channel Filter Banks, Implementation of the FBS Method Using the FFT,
OLA Revisited, Modifications of the STFT.

Module-4
The Cepstrum and Homomorphic Speech Processing: Homomorphic Systems for
Convolution ,Homomorphic Analysis of the Speech Model, Computing the Short-Time
Cepstrum and Complex Cepstrumof Speech, Homomorphic Filtering of Natural
Speech, Cepstrum Analysis of All-Pole Models, Cepstrum Distance Measures.

Module-5
Linear Predictive Analysis of Speech Signals: Basic Principles of Linear Predictive
Analysis, Computation of the Gain for the Model, Frequency Domain Interpretations of
Linear Predictive Analysis, Solution of the LPC Equations, The Prediction Error Signal,
Some Properties of the LPC Polynomial A(z), Relation of Linear Predictive Analysis to
Lossless Tube Models, Alternative Representations of the LP Parameters.

Question paper pattern:

The question paper will have ten questions.
• Each full question consists of 16marks.
• There will be 2 full questions (with a maximum of four sub questions) from each
module.
• Each full question will have sub questions covering all the topics under a
module. The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full
question from each module.

Text Book:
Theory and Applications of Digital Speech Processing-Rabiner and Schafer,
Pearson Education 2011

Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Speech Recognition- Lawrence Rabinerand Biing-Hwang
Juang, Pearson Education, 2003.

2. Speech and Language Processing–An Introduction to Natural Language

Processing, Computational Linguistics, and Speech Recognition- Daniel
Jurafsky and James H Martin, Pearson Prentice Hall 2009.
 RADAR ENGINEERING
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering/
Telecommunication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

Subject Code 15EC833 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture 03 Exam Marks 80
Hours/Week
Total Number of 40 (8 Hours / Exam Hours 03
Lecture Hours Module)
CREDITS – 03
Modules
Module-1
Basics of Radar: Introduction, Maximum Unambiguous Range, Radar Waveforms,
Definitions w.r.t Pulse waveform - PRF, PRI, Duty Cycle, Peak Transmitter Power,
Average transmitter Power.

Simple form of the Radar Equation, Radar Block Diagram and Operation, Radar
Frequencies, Applications of Radar, The Origins of Radar, Illustrative Problems.
(Chapter 1 of Text)
Module-2
The Radar Equation: Prediction of Range Performance, Detection of signal in Noise,
Minimum Detectable Signal, Receiver Noise, SNR, Modified Radar Range Equation,
Envelope Detector — False Alarm Time and Probability, Probability of Detection,

Radar Cross Section of Targets: simple targets – sphere, cone-sphere, Transmitter

Power, PRF and Range Ambiguities, System Losses (Qualitative treatment), Illustrative
Problems. (Chapter 2, except 2.4, 2.6 2.8 & 2.11 of Text)
Module-3
MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar: Introduction, Principle, Doppler Frequency Shift,
Simple CW Radar, Sweep to Sweep subtraction and Delay Line Canceler, MTI Radar
with – Power Amplifier Transmitter, Delay Line Cancelers — Frequency Response of
Single Delay- Line Canceler, Blind Speeds, Clutter Attenuation, MTI Improvement
Factor, N- Pulse Delay-Line Canceler,

Digital MTI Processing – Blind phases, I and Q Channels, Digital MTI Doppler signal
processor, Moving Target Detector- Original MTD. (Chapter 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.5, 3.6 of Text)
Module-4
Tracking Radar:
Tracking with Radar- Types of Tracking Radar Systems, Monopulse Tracking-
Amplitude Comparison Monopulse (one-and two-coordinates), Phase Comparison
Monopulse.
Sequential Lobing, Conical Scan Tracking, Block Diagram of Conical Scan Tracking
Radar, Tracking in Range, Comparison of Trackers. (Chapter 4, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 of Text)
Module-5
The Radar Antenna: Functions of The Radar Antenna, Antenna Parameters, Reflector
Antennas and Electronically Steered Phased array Antennas. (Chapter 9: 9.1, 9.2 9.4,
9.5 of Text)
Radar Receiver: The Radar Receiver, Receiver Noise Figure, Super Heterodyne
Receiver, Duplexers and Receivers Protectors, Radar Displays. (Chapter 11 of Text)
Question paper pattern:
The question paper will have ten questions
Each full question consists of 16marks.
There will be 2 full questions (with a maximum of four sub questions) from each
module.
Each full question will have sub questions covering all the topics under a
module
The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full question
from each module
Text Book:
Introduction to Radar Systems-Merrill I Skolnik , 3e, TMH, 2001.

Reference Books:
1. Radar Principles, Technology. Applications — Byron Edde, Pearson
Education, 2004.
2. Radar Principles – Peebles. Jr, P.Z. Wiley. New York, 1998.
3. Principles of Modem Radar: Basic Principles – Mark A. Rkhards, James A.
Scheer, William A. HoIm. Yesdee, 2013.
 MACHINE LEARNING
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering/
Telecommunication Engineering
[As per Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) scheme]

Subject Code 15EC834 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture 03 Exam Marks 80
Hours/Week
Total Number 40 (8 Hours / Exam Hours 03
of Lecture Module)
Hours
CREDITS – 03
Modules
Module-1
Learning :Designing Learning systems, Perspectives and Issues, Concept Learning, Version Spaces and
Candidate Elimination Algorithm, Inductive bias.
Module-2
Decision Tree and ANN: Decision Tree Representation, Hypothesis Space Search, Inductive bias in
decision tree, issues in Decision tree. Neural Network Representation, Perceptrons, Multilayer Networks
and Back Propagation Algorithms.
Module-3
Bayesian and Computational Learning: Bayes Theorem, Bayes Theorem Concept Learning,
Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Description Length Principle, Bayes Optimal Classifier, Gibbs
Algorithm, Naïve Bayes Classifier.
Module-4
Instant Based Learning and Learning set of rules: K- Nearest Neighbour Learning, Locally
Weighted Regression, Radial Basis Functions, Case-Based Reasoning.
Sequential Covering Algorithms, Learning Rule Sets, Learning First Order Rules, Learning Sets of First
Order Rules.
Module-5
Analytical Learning and Reinforced Learning: Perfect Domain Theories, Explanation Based
Learning, Inductive-Analytical Approaches, FOCL Algorithm, Reinforcement Learning.

Question paper pattern:

The question paper will have ten questions.
• Each full question consists of 16marks.
• There will be 2 full questions (with a maximum of four sub questions) from each
module.
• Each full question will have sub questions covering all the topics under a
module. The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full
question from each module.
Text Book:
1. Machine Learning-Tom M. Mitchell, McGraw-Hill Education, (INDIAN
EDITION), 2013.
Reference Books:
1. Introduction to Machine Learning- Ethem Alpaydin, 2nd Ed., PHI Learning
Pvt. Ltd., 2013.
2. The Elements of Statistical Learning-T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, J. H. Friedman,
Springer; 1st edition, 2001.
 NETWORK AND CYBER SECURITY
B.E., VIII Semester, Electronics & Communication Engineering
[As per Choice Based credit System (CBCS) Scheme

Subject Code 15EC835 IA Marks 20

Number of Lecture 03 Exam 80
Hours/Week marks
Total Number of 40 Exam 03
Lecture Hours (8 Hours per Module) Hours
CREDITS – 03
Modules
Module-1
Transport Level Security: Web Security Considerations, Secure Sockets
Layer, Transport Layer Security, HTTPS, Secure Shell (SSH) (Text 1: Chapter
15)
Module-2
E-mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy, S/MIME, Domain keys identified mail
(Text 1: Chapter 17)
Module-3
IP Security: IP Security Overview, IP Security Policy, Encapsulation Security
Payload (ESP), Combining security Associations Interner Key Exchange.
Cryptographic Suites (Text 1: Chapter 18)
Module-4
Cyber network security concepts: Security Architecture, antipattern:
signature based malware detection versus polymorphic threads, , document
driven certification and accreditation, policy driven security certifications.
Refactored solution: reputational, behavioural and entropy based malware
detection.

The problems: cyber antipatterns concept, forces in cyber antipatterns, cyber

anti pattern templates, cyber security antipattern catalog (Text-2: Chapter1 &
2)
Module-5
Cyber network security concepts contd. :
Enterprise security using Zachman framework
Zachman framework for enterprise architecture, primitive models versus
composite models, architectural problem solving patterns, enterprise
workshop, matrix mining, mini patterns for problem solving meetings.

Case study: cyber security hands on – managing administrations and root

accounts, installing hardware, reimaging OS, installing system protection/
antimalware, configuring firewalls. (Text-2: Chapter 3 & 4)
Question paper pattern:
The question paper will have 10 full questions carrying equal marks.
Each full question consists of 16 marks with a maximum of four sub
questions.
There will be 2 full questions from each module covering all the topics of
the module
The students will have to answer 5 full questions, selecting one full
question from each module.

Text Books:
1. William Stallings , ―Cryptography and Network Security Principles and
Practice‖, Pearson Education Inc., 6th Edition, 2014, ISBN: 978-93-325-
1877-3.
2. Thomas J. Mowbray, ―Cyber Security – Managing Systems, Conducting
Testing, and Investigating Intrusions‖, Wiley.

Reference Books:
1. Cryptography and Network Security, Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 2007.
2. Cryptography and Network Security, Atul Kahate, TMH, 2003.