SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

This article describes a double pulse test fixture that is suitable for the characterization of SiC
MOSFETs. The setup is a text book double pulse tester with all critical components placed on
a single printed circuit board to afford repeatable measurements. A photograph of the test
fixture is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Tester

A schematic of the tester is shown in Figure 2. The test fixture contains a test socket for
the MOSFET (J6), gate driver (U1), capacitor bank (C1-C9), freewheeling diode (D1), and a
tightly integrated two stage current transformer (T1). VDS and VGS can be monitored via BNC
connectors (J7 & J10). The intent of these connectors is not to use coaxial cable, but to use a
coaxial cable to probe adapter to avoid the need for a probe ground clip. This eliminates the
parasitic inductance of the ground clip wire from corrupting the voltage measurement. Drain
current is measured using a two stage current transformer consisting of a small 1:10 ferrite
first stage transformer and a Pearson Electronics model 2878 current monitor for the second
stage. The resulting scale factor is 1V=100A. Nine polypropylene film capacitors (C1-C9) are
used to provide a low inductance voltage source for the tester. VCC, GND, and –VEE are the
le Pulse Fixture -

input voltage for the gate driver. VCC sets the value for the gate pulse high voltage and –VEE
sets the value for the gate pulse low voltage. Maximum voltage between VCC and –VEE is
30V. The drive pulse is applied to the Pulse Generator Input BNC connector. A pulse of +10
to +12V is recommended to turn on the gate pulse. This input is terminated in 50 Ω to match
into a 50 Ω coaxial cable. The termination resistors (R3 and R4) have an overall rating of
V-
ub

0.5W maximum so the input pulse duty cycle must be appropriately limited (~10%) to avoid
CPWR-AN09, RE
Do

burning them out. The inductor is connected across the LOAD LOW and LOAD HIGH terminals.
ET

A recommended inductor value is about 850 µH. This can be realized as an air core inductor
SF

constructed by placing a single layer of 107 turns of AWG 18 magnet wire on a length of 4”
MO

schedule 40 PVC pipe (OD = 4.5”).

Si C

Subject to change without notice.

1
www.cree.com
 SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

EXTERNAL INDUCTOR CONNECTIONS

LOAD LOW LOAD HIGH

1
J5
1
VDD
VGS Monitor
ISOLATED GATE DRIVER BRD J7 C1 C2 C3
U1 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC
J3
7
VCC 1 GATE
1 VCC HIGH 8 R1
2 GATE 470k 2W
J6
J2 VCC HIGH RTN 9 1 6
GATE VDS Monitor G G D1
GND 5 T1
1 VCC LOW J10 1 2 2 5
6 D D
J1 VCC LOW RTN 10 3 4 C4 C5 C6
-VEE SOURCE JUMPER S S C2D10120A
1 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC
INPUT HIGH

11
INPUT LOW

SOURCE
DUT SOCKET
12
SOURCE R2
470k 2W
J9 ID CURRENT 1V=100A
3

Pulse Gen Input

C7 C8 C9
R3 R4 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC 4.7 uf 1500VDC
100 100
J6
1
VDD RETURN

Figure 2: SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Tester Schematic

A photograph of the top of the tester is shown in Figure 3. The option exists of mounting
the BNC connectors on the top or the bottom of the board. In this case, the BNC connectors
are mounted on the back side to allow a ThermoStream head to be placed over the device
under test. (Please note when installing the BNC connectors on the back side, do not mount
the connectors flush to the PCB as a short may result, use a temporary spacer to assist in the
installation). All power connections are made using banana plugs and can be inserted from
the top or bottom side of the board.

BNC connectors mounted

on back side

Figure 3: SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Tester Top View

The bottom side of the tester is shown in Figure 4. Most of the board components are
mounted on the back of the board. D1 is installed in a terminal block so it can be removed
and replaced with a resistor for probe de-skewing. The jumper shown is the jumper identified
in the schematic and is used for the center pin of the VDS BNC connector. Notice that the gate
driver board is mounted bottom side up. The two stage current transformer (T1) is mounted
on the bottom. The output of the Pearson current monitor is connected to a SMA-SMA adapter
and then to a SMA to BNC bulkhead adapter that feeds through to the top side.
CPWR-AN09, REV - This document is provided for informational purposes only and is not a warranty or a specification.
SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture For product specifications, please see the data sheets available at www.cree.com/power. For warranty
2 information, please contact Cree Sales at [email protected].
 SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

25 VDS ID

20
1000
T1 25

800 20
15
600 15

VDS (V)

ID (A)
VGS (V) 10
400 10

5 200 5

0 0 Gate Driver Board

0

-5 -200 -5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Time (µsec) Time (µsec)

D1 Jumper

Figure 4: SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Tester Bottom View

A detailed view of the first stage current transformer is shown in Figure 5. The transformer
consists of 10 turns of AWG 26 solid copper Teflon insulated wire wound around a Ferroxcube
TC9.5/4.8/3.2-3E27 ferrite toroid. The center conductor is heavily insulated AWG 22 bus
wire suitable for 1.5 kV tests. Figure 6 shows the gate driver board. This board is a modified
version of the isolated gate driver board described in the “SiC Isolated Gate Driver” Application
Note CPWR-AN10. The board is modified to bypass the DC-DC converters to allow a direct
connection to the gate drive power supplies. Notice that the headers are mounted on the top
side of the board to allow the board to be mounted bottom side up.

Figure 5: T1 First Stage Detail Figure 6: Isolated Gate Driver Board with
DC-DC Converters Removed and Bypassed

CPWR-AN09, REV - This document is provided for informational purposes only and is not a warranty or a specification.
SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture For product specifications, please see the data sheets available at www.cree.com/power. For warranty
3 information, please contact Cree Sales at [email protected].
 SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

For accurate measurements, it is very important to de-skew the voltage and current probes to insure
that all of the delays are the same. Deskewing the voltage probes is easily done by attaching both
probes to a pulse generator output and adjusting the channel deskew on the oscilloscope so that both
pulses are time synchronized. Deskewing the VDS and ID probes can be achieved by removing the
inductor and replacing diode D1 with a low inductance 100 Ω resistor. A Caddock MP930-100-1% or
equivalent resistor is recommended. Care must be taken during the deskew process to insure that
VDD is set to a level below the maximum pulse rating of the resistor. The maximum value for the
aforementioned resistor is 250V.

A sample waveform of the double pulse gate drive is shown in Figure 7. The corresponding sample
waveforms of the MOSFET VDS and ID are shown in Figure 8. The pulse train consists of two pulses
with a repetition frequency of about 1-2 Hz. The first pulse (~ 22 µsec) is used to build up the current
in the inductor. The width is adjusted for the desired test current. When this pulse is terminated,
ID commutates from the MOSFET to the freewheeling diode. This transition is used to measure the
MOSFET turn-off characteristics. There is a delay of about 3 µsec between the first and second pulse.
The duration of this delay is set long enough for the voltage and currents to settle out and might need
to be increased if this test fixture is used to evaluate Si IGBTs to insure adequate time for the tail
current to settle out. The second narrow pulse (~ 2 µsec) occurs a few microseconds later. Current
is commutated from the freewheeling diode back into the MOSFET during this transition and MOSFET
turn-on characteristics are measured at this point.

25 VDS ID
1000 25
20
800 20
15
600 15
VDS (V)

ID (A)
10
VGS (V)

400 10

5 200 5

0 0 0

-5 -200 -5
0 10 20 30 40 0 10 20 30 40
Time (µsec) Time (µsec)

Figure 7: Sample Gate Drive Pulse Figure 8: Sample Waveforms

Sample waveforms of VDS and ID at turn-on are shown in Figure 9. Notice the very small amount of
current overshoot during turn-on. This is due to the very low amount of stored charge in the SiC JBS
diode as compared with a high speed silicon PiN diode. Sample waveforms of VDS and ID at turn-off
are shown in Figure 10. Ringing is observed in both VDS and ID that usually is not observed with silicon
IGBTs. This is due to the SiC MOSFET’s lack of a current tail.

CPWR-AN09, REV - This document is provided for informational purposes only and is not a warranty or a specification.
SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture For product specifications, please see the data sheets available at www.cree.com/power. For warranty
4 information, please contact Cree Sales at [email protected].
 SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

VDS ID VDS ID
1200 30 1200 30

1000 25 1000 25

800 20 800 20

VDS (V)
VDS (V)

600 15

ID (A)
600 15

400 10 ID (A) 400 10

200 5 200 5

0 0 0 0

-200 -5 -200 -5

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 25 50 75 100 125 150

Time (nsec) Time (nsec)

Figure 9: Turn-On Waveforms Figure 10: Turn-Off Waveforms

The ringing is caused by the output capacitance of the SiC MOSFET resonating with the stray inductance
in the high current path. The current tail in the silicon IGBT tends to dampen out this ringing. Please note
that the connector used to measure VGS is for convenience only to set up the gate pulse voltage levels.
The actual VGS waveform observed from that particular point will include the voltage drops of gate bond
lead inductance and source bond lead inductance along with the actual VGS voltage. Therefore, when
high current pulses are being measured, the observed voltage at this test point will have additional over/
undershoots caused by voltage drops across the aforementioned bond lead inductances.

CPWR-AN09, REV - This document is provided for informational purposes only and is not a warranty or a specification.
SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture For product specifications, please see the data sheets available at www.cree.com/power. For warranty
5 information, please contact Cree Sales at [email protected].
 SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture

The bill of materials for the double pulse tester is shown in Table 1. The Gerber files can be found at
http://www.cree.com/products/power/doublepulsefixture.zip.

Item Qty Part Reference Value Description Manufacturer Manufacturer

P/N
1 9 C1-C9 4.7 uf 1500VDC CAP FILM 4.7UF 1500V Cornell Dubilier UNL15W4P7K-F
10A 1200V Cree Schottky
2 1 D1 C2D10120A Cree C2D10120A
Diode
BNC Fem Jack PC Mount
3 3 J7, J9, J10 BNC Amphenol Connex 112538
Straight
J1-J3, J5, J6, Load
4 7 Banana socket Banana Socket Emerson 108-0740-001
Low, Load High
5 1 J8 CON6 Kelvin Socket Loranger 2903 032
SMA Jack-BNC Bulkhead
6 1 J4 ID CURRENT Amphenol Connex 242181
Jack
7 1 J12 JUMPER Jumper wire
Res Ceramic Comp 470K
8 2 R1, R2 470K 2W Ohmite OY474KE
Ohm 2W
100 Ohm 1206 SMD
9 2 R3, R4 100 Panasonic - ECG ERJ-8GEYJ101V
Resistor 1/4W
10 1 U1 Isolated Gate Driver Brd Isolated gate driver board
11 1 T1 Current Trans First Stage Ferrite Toroid Ferroxcube TC9.5/4.8/3.2-3E27
Current Trans
12 1 T1 Current Monitor Pearson Electronics Model 2878
Second Stage
Conn SMA Adapter Plug-
13 1 T1 SMA Adapter Amphenol Connex 132168
Plug Straight
Wire, solid AWG 26,
14 1 T1 N/A Alpha 2853/1 WH005
Teflon insulation
Conn Header Female 6Pos
15 1 U1(6pin socket header) Sullins PPTC061LFBN-RC
.1” Tin
Conn Header Female 3Pos
16 2 U1(3pin socket header) Sullins PPTC031LFBN-RC
.1” Tin
Conn Term Block 3Pos
17 1 D1 (Socket) 3TERMINAL_BLOCK (D1) Phoenix Contact 1711039
5mm PCB

Table 1: Bill of Materials

Copyright © Cree, Inc. All rights reserved. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Cree, the Cree logo, and Zero Recovery
are registered trademarks of Cree, Inc. Cree, Inc.
4600 Silicon Drive
This document is provided for informational purposes only and is not a warranty or a specification. This product is currently
Durham, NC 27703
available for evaluation and testing purposes only, and is provided “as is” without warranty. For preliminary, non-binding product
specifications, please see the preliminary data sheet available at www.cree.com/power. USA Tel: +1.919.313.5300
Fax: +1.919.313.5451
www.cree.com/power
CPWR-AN09, REV -
SiC MOSFET Double Pulse Fixture
6