1.1 General: VII Concrete

Semester: Project Title: Plastic Reinforced
Branch: Civil Engineering

VII Concrete
INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcement bars, reinforcement

grids, plates or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the concrete in tension.
Plain cement concrete is strong in compression and weak in tension. It has low
ductility and less resistance to cracking. These limitations are over come by adding
fibres in concrete mix. The addition of fibres improves many properties of concrete
such as impact résistance, flexural strength, tensile strength etc. The fibre act as
crack arresters restricting the developments of cracks and thus transform the brittle
concrete in to strong composites with superior crack resistance, improved ductility
and post cracking behavior.
Fibre reinforced concrete is a composite material in which discontinuous

fibres are distributed randomly. According to ACI fibre reinforced concrete is a
concrete made of hydraulic cement, containing fine and coarse aggregate and
discontinuous discrete fibres. The fibre has been produced from steel, glass and
natural materials in various sizes and shape. For a strong, ductile and durable
construction the reinforcement shall have the following properties:-High strength,
High tensile strain, Good bond to the concrete, Thermal compatibility, Durability in
the concrete environment. Although every type of fibres has been tried in concrete,
not all of them can be effectively and economically used. Each type of fibres has its
characteristics and limitations.
Fibre is a small piece of reinforcing material possessing certain characteristics

properties. The properties of fibre reinforced concrete entirely depend upon the
efficient transfer of stress between matrices and fibre, which largely depend upon,
Toc H Institute of Science & Technology Page no: 1

Arakkunnam – 682 313
VII Concrete
type of fibre used, volume of fibres, aspect ratio of fibre, Orientation of fibres,
Workability and compaction of concrete, Size of coarse aggregate, Mixing etc.
Plastic:-A material that contains one or more organic polymers of large molecular
weight, solid in its finished state and at some state while manufacturing or
processing into finished articles, can be shaped by its flow.
Effect of fibres in concrete
Fibers are usually used in concrete to control cracking due to both plastic
shrinkage and drying shrinkage. They also reduce the permeability of concrete and
thus reduce bleeding of water. Some types of fibres produce greater impact,
abrasion and shatter resistance in concrete. Generally fibres do not increase the
flexural strength of concrete, and so cannot replace moment resisting or structural
steel reinforcement. Indeed, some fibres actually reduce the strength of concrete.
The amount of fibres added to a concrete mix is expressed as a percentage of the
total volume of the composite (concrete and fibres), termed volume fraction (V f).
Volume fraction typically ranges from 0.1 to 3%. Fibres with a non-circular cross
section use an equivalent diameter for the calculation. If the modulus of elasticity of
the fibre is higher than the matrix (concrete or mortar binder), they help to carry the
load by increasing the tensile strength of the material. However, fibres which are too
long tend to "ball" in the mix and create workability problems.
1.2. MOTIVATION
The motivation to do this project is due to the increase in waste plastic

products day by day. The waste crisis is important from an environmental and
economical point of view. As landfill areas are rapidly depleting, the cost of waste-
disposal is rapidly increasing. This thought helps us to use plastics in concrete, to
increase its mechanical properties. There by disposing the waste plastics in a useful

VII Concrete
manner in the construction field. The tensile property induced by the fibre can
increase the durability of concrete also.
1.3. SCOPE
The general scope of this project is to evaluate the properties of plastic fibre
and there by analyses its role in strengthening the concrete. By conducting tests on
ordinary reinforced concrete and plastic reinforced concrete a comparison of their
tensile strength along with compression strength can be done.
1.4. METHODOLOGY
The project follows a well planned methodology. The initial step of the project
was to collect information’s and data’s required for the successful completion of the
project.
1. Literature survey- It has to be conducted initially to understand various
aspects of the project and it helps in the successful completion of the project.
A well planned literature review is characterized by a logical flow of ideas,
current and relevant references with consistent appropriate referencing style,
proper use of terminology and an unbiased and comprehensive view of the
previous research on the topic.
2. Study of material properties- Various tests are conducted to study the
mechanical properties of materials like coarse aggregate, fine aggregate,
plastic which affects the desirable properties of the mix.
3. Tension test on plastic fibre- The tensile strength of plastic fibre are
conducted by using tension test on UTM.
4. Design & Casting of O.C & PRC structure- The mix design was done
according to IS code.

VII Concrete
5. Compression test on O.C & PRC concrete cubes:-The compression strength

of concrete cubes and cylinders are taken for 28 days.
6. Tension test on OC & PRC concrete beams- Split tensile test are conducted .
7. Result Evaluation
8. Project Report


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Semester: Project Title: Plastic Reinforced

Branch: Civil Engineering

Reinforced concrete is concrete in which reinforcement bars, reinforcement

Fibre reinforced concrete is a composite material in which discontinuous

Fibre is a small piece of reinforcing material possessing certain characteristics

Toc H Institute of Science & Technology Page no: 1

Effect of fibres in concrete

The motivation to do this project is due to the increase in waste plastic

Toc H Institute of Science & Technology Page no: 2

Toc H Institute of Science & Technology Page no: 3

5. Compression test on O.C & PRC concrete cubes:-The compression strength

Toc H Institute of Science & Technology Page no: 4

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