STANDARD FOR CERTIFICATION

No. 2.25

Electrical Shore
Connections / Cold Ironing
JANUARY 2012

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FOREWORD
DET NORSKE VERITAS (DNV) is an autonomous and independent foundation with the objectives of safeguarding life,
property and the environment, at sea and onshore. DNV undertakes classification, certification, and other verification and
consultancy services relating to quality of ships, offshore units and installations, and onshore industries worldwide, and
carries out research in relation to these functions.
Standards for Certification
Standards for Certification (previously Certification Notes) are publications that contain principles, acceptance criteria
and practical information related to the Society's consideration of objects, personnel, organisations, services and
operations. Standards for Certification also apply as the basis for the issue of certificates and/or declarations that may not
necessarily be related to classification.

Det Norske Veritas AS January 2012

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 Standard for Certification - No. 2.25, January 2012

Changes Page 3

CHANGES

Main changes:
This is a new document which replaces previous requirements in the ship rules, Clean+ chapter.

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 Standard for Certification - No. 2.25, January 2012

Contents Page 4

CONTENTS

1. General ................................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 Introduction...............................................................................................................................................5
1.2 Availability ...............................................................................................................................................5
2. Verification and Certification............................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Documentation..........................................................................................................................................5
2.2 Certification of components......................................................................................................................6
2.3 On-board survey........................................................................................................................................6
3. System design requirements ................................................................................................................. 6
3.1 Stand by generator ....................................................................................................................................6
3.2 Transfer of power......................................................................................................................................6
3.3 Shore connection box................................................................................................................................6
3.4 Voltage and frequency ..............................................................................................................................6
3.5 Selectivity / discriminative disconnection ................................................................................................6
3.6 System Earthing ........................................................................................................................................7
3.7 Protective earthing ....................................................................................................................................7
3.8 Galvanic isolation .....................................................................................................................................7
3.9 Switchgear.................................................................................................................................................7
3.10 Plugs and sockets ......................................................................................................................................7
3.11 Cable management system........................................................................................................................7
3.12 Interlocks...................................................................................................................................................8
3.13 Protection, monitoring and alarms............................................................................................................8
3.14 Instrumentation .........................................................................................................................................8
4. Installation requirements ...................................................................................................................... 9
4.1 General......................................................................................................................................................9
4.2 Marking.....................................................................................................................................................9
4.3 Cables........................................................................................................................................................9

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 Standard for Certification - No. 2.25, January 2012

Sec.1. General Page 5

1. General
1.1 Introduction
This standard for certification is related to design, installation, and verification of electrical shore connections
intended for regular use in harbour for all types of vessels. Typical design intention is vessels following regular
routes with frequent visits to the same ports, with port calls lasting more than 4 hours.
An electrical shore connection system can be seen as comprising four aspects:
system functionality in way of circuit breakers and earthing switches;
- System functionality in way of circuit breakers and earthing switches are considered in this standard for
certification, and functional requirements to the electrical shore connection as a total system are given.
control system interface between the shore and the ship;
- Control system interface between the shore and the ship is considered in this standard for certification,
and requirements are given to necessary functionality. However, the physical installation on shore is not
covered by the certification.
ship side electrical equipment and installations;
- Ship side electrical equipment and installations shall comply with relevant parts of the DNV Rules for
Ships Pt.4 Ch.8, and the installation is part of the certification based on this standard.
shore side electrical equipment and installation.
- Shore side electrical equipment and installation is governed by national requirements to shore side elec-
trical installations, and is not verified as part of a certification based on this standard.
Each vessel shall be designed and verified for each port where it will use the electrical shore connection.
Operational features with respect to power availability during loading and unloading are not considered as part
of certification.
This Standard for Certification shall apply as the basis for the issue of certificate for electric shore connection
for the on-board installation when this has been verified in accordance with the process described, and
compliance with the technical requirements ensured.
While a type approval may be issued for a specific system design and component specification, a vessel specific
certificate and/or declaration requires that the vessel have been verified together with the installation in the
specified port.
1.2 Availability
The availability of the shore power supply depends on the utility systems onshore. However, this standard
requires that a stand-by generator on-board is automatically started and connected upon loss of power from
shore. Additionally, this standard does not require that discriminative protection in the vessels electric
distribution system is functional while powered by a shore connection. A short circuit in the vessels electric
distribution system may therefore, in worst case, result in a black-out. Hence, use of shore power supply during
loading and unloading operations in port must be evaluated with respect to criticality of electric power supply.
This Standard for Certification does not consider any critical cargo operations, and assumes that the vessel will
stay safe in case a power interruption occurs.

2. Verification and Certification

2.1 Documentation
When an electrical shore connection shall be certified in compliance with this Standard for Certification, it shall
be constructed in accordance with plans approved by the Society.
The following documentation shall be submitted for approval or for information:
functional description including description of instrumentation, interlocks, monitoring and alarms
overall single line diagram
system earthing diagram and description
load calculation for electrical shore connection supply
electrical documentation of shore connection switchboard and the cubicle in the main switchboard
associated with the electrical shore connection. (Including switchboard layout and arrangement drawings,
and schematics with information on protection, synchronisation, breaker interlocks, undervoltage trips,
remote control circuits as relevant.)
data sheets for high voltage cables
short circuit calculation and discrimination analysis

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Sec.3. System design requirements Page 6

assembly schedules and technical data with internal power cable and busbar dimensions as well as tables
with switchgear rating for power circuits (e.g. making and breaking capacity)
internal arc withstanding report for high voltage switchgear
harmonic distortion calculations for systems fed from frequency converters
test procedure for quay and sea trial, including vessel - harbour control signal interface
operational manual.
For standard designs the case by case approval may be replaced by the type approval scheme.
2.2 Certification of components
Product certification of electrical components necessary for the electric shore connection is generally not
required by this Standard for Certification, but may be requested by the customer as a contractual item for
purchase of equipment. An exception is the electric shore connection cable which shall be delivered with NV
product certificate or be Type Approved if it belongs to the shipboard installation. Verification is performed by
document review and site survey.
2.3 On-board survey
On-board survey shall be performed as part of the certification process, and focuses on the installation on board
as well as on the functionality of the electrical shore connection system.
On-board inspections shall be performed in order to evaluate that:
the electrical installation is in accordance with the accepted or approved information and in accordance
with the requirements in this Standard for Certification
the craftsmanship is acceptable.
Function tests shall be performed in order to evaluate that the installation complies with the requirements in
this Standard for Certification. The function testing shall verify that required interlocks is working properly.

3. System design requirements

3.1 Stand by generator
While the electric shore connection is supplying power to the vessel, at least one of the vessels generators shall
be in standby. I.e. this generator shall be automatically started and connected to the main switchboards in case
of blackout (loss of power supply from shore).
3.2 Transfer of power
In order to transfer power between the vessels supply and shore, means for synchronization shall be arranged
in the vessels main switchboard.
3.3 Shore connection box
A separate shore connection box is not required if the main switchboards breaker has overcurrent protection.
The short circuit protection of the cable between the shore supply circuit breaker and the main switchboards
shore power incoming feeder shall be performed by the short circuit protection on the shore side supply system.
3.4 Voltage and frequency
When a vessel is powered by shore power supply, the system voltage and frequency of the shore utility supply
must match the system voltage and frequency of the vessel.
A system design where parts of the vessels consumers are powered by a shore connection with a different
frequency than the nominal frequency of the vessel is acceptable (e.g. reefer load powered by 50 HZ shore
power on a 60 Hz vessel). Also a system design with two electrical shore power connections, one with 50 Hz,
and one with 60 Hz, is acceptable.
3.5 Selectivity / discriminative disconnection
This Standard for Certification does not require that the vessels distribution system has full discrimination
during electrical shore power supply. Limitations in the selectivity shall be described in the description of the
system.
Guidance note:
A vessels electrical distribution system is designed for a maximum short circuit current with respect to mechanical
strength and circuit breaker rating. The systems discriminative properties (i.e. that the circuit breaker closest to a
short circuit will trip, leaving the healthy part of the vessels electrical distribution system operational) depends on
maximum and minimum values of the prospective short circuit current of the electric generation and distribution sys-
tem on board. In order to maintain discriminative protection in the vessels distribution system, the shore power sup-

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 Standard for Certification - No. 2.25, January 2012

Sec.3. System design requirements Page 7

ply must have a short circuit capacity within the max and min values of the vessels network. Typically when
frequency converter is used, the short circuit level may be too low to achieve full discrimination.
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3.6 System Earthing

The vessels designed system earthing is to be maintained in electrical shore connection operation. The selected
design solution must be described in the documentation of the system.
There shall be a monitoring system ensuring proper connection between shore ground and hull.
3.7 Protective earthing
A separate conductor for protective earthing shall be connected between the hull of the vessel and the ground
on the shore. Earth fault protection shall disconnect the shore power supply, both the shore side circuit breaker
and the vessels main switchboard feeder breaker, whenever an earth fault current flows in the protective
earthing conductor of the shore power cable.
3.8 Galvanic isolation
For high voltage electrical shore connections, the shore side distribution system and the vessels distribution
system shall be galvanically separated. When this separation is performed by a transformer, this shall have
separate windings for the primary and the secondary side. The transformer can be installed either on shore, or
on board.
If a power transformer is installed on board for adaptation of the electric shore connection system voltage and
the main switchboard voltage, the transformer shall include overvoltage protection, protecting the vessel
against lightning impulse over voltages.
It is recommended that the same safeguards against overvoltage are applied when the transformer is installed
on shore.
Guidance note:
Direct earthing of the lower voltage system, or the use of voltage limitation devices, are considered adequate protec-
tion. Alternatively, an earthed screen between the primary and secondary windings may be used.
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3.9 Switchgear
3.9.1 Circuit breakers
Electrical shore connection systems shall be equipped with circuit breakers suitable for isolation and
interruption of possible short circuit currents, together with automatically operated earthing switches, at both
the shore side and the ships side of the shore connection.
The shore side circuit breaker shall have short circuit protection and under-voltage trip, disconnecting the
electrical shore connection in case of loss of shore side distribution power.
The incoming feeder in the vessels main switchboard shall, in addition to overcurrent and bi-directional short
circuit protection, also have an under-voltage trip, disconnecting the shore power supply in case of loss of
power on the incoming feeder.
3.9.2 Earthing switches
High voltage electrical shore connection systems shall be equipped with automatically operated earth switches
at both sides of the cable connecting the vessel to shore enabling safe discharge of the cable and safe handling
of the plug and socket.
3.10 Plugs and sockets
The shore connection cable shall be connected by plug and socket connection. Plugs and sockets shall be
designed in such a way that incorrect connection is not possible. Further, connection with power on should not
be possible. The plug and socket system shall be of a type tested design.
3.11 Cable management system
There shall be installed equipment enabling efficient cable handling and connection.
The equipment shall ensure mechanical tension control of the cable and provide alarm at high cable tension to
a manned position. At high high tension, the shore connection shall be automatically disconnected, and the
earthing switches closed.

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Sec.3. System design requirements Page 8

3.12 Interlocks
Circuit breakers that are part of the electrical shore connection system, inclusive on board circuit breakers for
generators, earthing switches and others, shall have necessary interlocks preventing any hazardous switching
operations. These interlocks shall be described in the documentation.
The following interlocks shall be provided:

Automatic opening of circuit breakers and, for high voltage systems, closing of earthing switches:
- Upon high high mechanical tension of shore connection cable
- By missing confirmation of healthy protective earthing connection
- By emergency disconnection signal
- Short circuit detection on either side of the shore connection cable.
Operation of the plug and socket:
- When the plug and socket is manually operated, it shall not be possible to insert or withdraw the plug
unless the circuit breakers are open. For high voltage connections, the earthing switches shall be closed.
An attempt to insert or withdraw the plug shall initiate opening of circuit breakers and closing of earthing
switches. For automatically operated plug and socket, the same feature shall be implemented in the con-
trol system.
3.13 Protection, monitoring and alarms
3.13.1 General
A control system shall be arranged on-board the vessel for the electric shore connection system. This system
shall trip both shore side breaker and main switchboard incoming feeder in case of:

earth fault
short circuit / overcurrent
shore side under voltage
cable break
failure of protecting earthing connection.
There shall be an interlock preventing closing of shore circuit breaker unless plug and socket is correctly
connected and eventual earthing switches opened.
Upon opening of the shore side circuit breaker an earth switch shall automatically connect all phases of the
cable to earth, to discharge the cable and ensure connection to earth. It shall not be possible to open the earth
switch unless the shore connection is connected and protective earth connection between the vessel and shore
is verified.
Closure of circuit breakers shall not be possible if confirmation of proper protective earthing connection is not
confirmed. If proper earthing connection is lost, the breakers shall open.
Activation of protective functions (including high cable tension and emergency disconnection) shall give an
alarm to a continuously manned location.

3.13.2 Emergency disconnection

An independent system for emergency disconnection shall be arranged with emergency stop push buttons.
There shall be one emergency stop button in each of the following locations: at the ships side where the
electrical shore connection is located, where the cable management system is handled, at the shore connection
switchboard, and at a continuously manned location.
Activation of emergency stop shall result in disconnection of circuit breakers and closing of earthing switches.
Opening, or release, of the plug and socket may be a manual operation.

3.14 Instrumentation
Electric Shore Connection systems shall be equipped with the following instrumentation:

phase sequence indicator

voltmeter
ampere meter in each phase or fitted with ampere meter switch
energy measurement (kWh counter).

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 Standard for Certification - No. 2.25, January 2012

Sec.4. Installation requirements Page 9

4. Installation requirements
4.1 General
The on board electrical installations for the electrical shore connection system shall comply with the installation
requirements given in DNV Ship Rules Pt.4 Ch.8 Sec.10.
4.2 Marking
All high voltage equipment shall be marked with high voltage warning sign.
4.3 Cables
A flexible shore connection cable can be arranged either on board the vessel or situated at key. In both situations
a cable handling system must be arranged.
All cables installed on board shall be DNV type approved or case by case approved.

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