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    Jacobians Maxima Minima

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    Aditya Chourasiya
    The document is a tutorial sheet containing problems related to Jacobians and finding maxima and minima using different methods. Some of the problems involve finding Jacobians of transformations between coordinate systems, finding extreme values of multivariable functions, and using Lagrange multipliers to find maxima and minima subject to constraints.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Jacobians Maxima Minima

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Chourasiya
    1K views3 pages
    The document is a tutorial sheet containing problems related to Jacobians and finding maxima and minima using different methods. Some of the problems involve finding Jacobians of transformations between coordinate systems, finding extreme values of multivariable functions, and using Lagrange multipliers to find maxima and minima subject to constraints.

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    The document is a tutorial sheet containing problems related to Jacobians and finding maxima and minima using different methods. Some of the problems involve finding Jacobians of transformations between coordinate systems, finding extreme values of multivariable functions, and using Lagrange multipliers to find maxima and minima subject to constraints.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    1K views3 pages

    Jacobians Maxima Minima

    Uploaded by

    Aditya Chourasiya
    The document is a tutorial sheet containing problems related to Jacobians and finding maxima and minima using different methods. Some of the problems involve finding Jacobians of transformations between coordinate systems, finding extreme values of multivariable functions, and using Lagrange multipliers to find maxima and minima subject to constraints.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun

    Tutorial Sheet
    Course: B. Tech. Subject: Mathematics I

    Jacobians

    ( x , y) ( r , ) ( x , y) ( r , ) 1
    1. . If x=rcos , y=rsin , find and . Ans: =r, =
    (r , ) ( x , y ) (r , ) ( x , y ) r
    (x, y, z)
    2. If x=r sin cos , y= r sin sin , z=r cos , show that = r 2 sin
    (r , , )
    ( r , , ) 1
    and find .Ans: 2
    ( x , y , z ) r sin
    x x x x x x ( y 1 , y 2 , y 3 )
    3. If y 1 2 3 , y 2 1 3 , y 3 1 2 ; then show that =4.
    x1 x2 x3 (x 1 , x 2 , x 3 )
    ( x, y , z) 1
    4. If u=xyz,v= x 2 + y 2 + z 2 ,w=x+y+z, find Ans:
    ( u , v, w) 2( x y )( y z )( z x )
    ( x, y , z)
    5. If x + y+ z=u, y+ z=vu and z=uvw, show that = u2 v .
    ( u , v, w)
    1 1 1
    6. If u=x
    1r 2 2

    ,v=y
    1r 2 2
    and w=z
    1r 2 2
    ,
    5
    2 2 2 2
    where r = x + y + z then show that
    ( u , v , w )
    ( x , y , z )
    = 1 r2
    2.

    ( u , v , w )
    7. If u,v,w are the roots of the equation (x a)3 (x b)3 (x c)3 =0,then find .
    ( a , b , c )
    ( u , v , w ) 2(a b)( b c)( c a )
    Ans: =
    ( a , b , c) ( u v )( v w )( w u )
    xy yz y( x y z)
    8. If u= , v= , w= then show that u, v, w are dependent and find the relation
    z x xz
    between them. Ans: uv =w+1
    9. Define the Jacobian J( u , v ) of the two functions u( x , y ) and v( x , y ) .If J be the Jacobian of u & v with
    respect to x & y and J be the Jacobian of x & y with regard to u & v, then prove that JJ=1.
    10. Prove by using Jacobians that the following are not independent: u=x + y - z,
    v=x-y +z, w= x 2 y 2 z 2 -2yz. Find the relation between u and v. Ans: u 2 v 2 2 w

    1 1 1 1
    11. If u 3 =xyz, = + + and w 2 = x2 y2 z2 , then prove that
    v x y z
    ( u , v , w ) v( x y)(y z)(z x)(x y z)
    =
    ( x , y , z ) 3u 2 w( xy yz zx)

    1
    Maxima and Minima

    1. Find the extreme values of function x 3 y 3 -3axy.


    Ans: Extreme points (0, 0), (a,a);Min. Value: a 3 ; Max. Value: a 3

    2. Test the function f(x, y) = x 3 y 2 (6 x y) for maxima and minima for points not at origin.
    Ans: Max Value at (3,2)
    3. Examine for minimum and maximum values: sinx + siny + sin(x+y)
    3 3
    Ans: Max. Value at , = .
    3 3 2


    4. Test the function f(x, y) = x 2 y 2 e x2 y2 for maxima and minima for points not on the circle
    x 2 y 2 =1. Ans: Min. Value at (0, 0) =0.
    5. Find the semi vertical angle of the cone of maximum volume and given slant height.
    Ans: tan 1 2
    6. Show that the rectangular solid of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a given sphere is a
    cube.
    7. Find the maximum and minimum value of the function x 3 y 2 (1 x y) .
    1 1 1
    Ans: Max. Value = at , .
    430 2 3

    Maxima and Minima (Lagranges Method)

    1. The sum of three positive numbers is constant. Prove that their product is maximum when they
    are equal.
    2. Show that the rectangular solid of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a given sphere is a
    cube.
    3. Find the volume of the largest parallelepiped that can be inscribed in the
    x2 y2 z2 8abc
    ellipsoid 2 2 2 1 . Ans:
    a b c 3 3
    4. Find the maximum and minimum distances of the point (3, 4, 12) from the
    sphere x 2 y 2 z 2 1 . Ans: Min distance =12, Max. distance=14
    5. Find the maximum and minimum distances from the origin to the curve x 2 4xy 6y 2 140 .
    Ans: Max distance= 245 35 41 =21.65, Min. distance= 245 35 41 =4.57

    2 2 2 p2
    6. Find the minimum value of x y z ,given that ax+by+cz=p . Ans: u min 2
    a b2 c2
    7. Find the maximum and minimum values of ax+by when xy= c 2 .
    Ans: Min value=2c ab , Max value = -2c ab

    2
    8. Find the maximum and minimum value of x m y n z p subject to the condition ax+ by + cz =p +q+ r.
    m n p
    m m n n pp p q r
    Ans m n p
    a b c m n p
    9. Find the minimum value of x 2 y 2 subject to the condition ax by c 0 .

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