HPA Aerobic Colony Count

HPA STANDARD METHOD
AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY

THE POUR PLATE METHOD
W4
Issued by Standards Unit, Evaluations and Standards Laboratory

Centre for Infections
AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Issue no: 4.2 Issue date: 08.08.08 Issued by Standards Unit, Evaluations and Standards Laboratory in conjunction with the
Regional Food, Water and Environmental Coordinators Forum Page no: 1 of 14
W 4i4.2
This NSM should be used in conjunction with the series of other NSMs from the Health Protection Agency
www.evaluations-standards.org.uk
Email: [email protected]
STATUS OF NATIONAL STANDARD METHODS
National Standard Methods, which include standard operating procedures (SOPs), algorithms and
guidance notes, promote high quality practices and help to assure the comparability of diagnostic
information obtained in different laboratories. This in turn facilitates standardisation of surveillance
underpinned by research, development and audit and promotes public health and patient confidence
in their healthcare services. The methods are well referenced and represent a good minimum
standard for clinical and public health microbiology. However, in using National Standard Methods,
laboratories should take account of local requirements and may need to undertake additional
investigations. The methods also provide a reference point for method development.
National Standard Methods are developed, reviewed and updated through an open and wide
consultation process where the views of all participants are considered and the resulting documents
reflect the majority agreement of contributors.
Representatives of several professional organisations, including those whose logos appear on the
front cover, are members of the working groups which develop National Standard Methods. Inclusion
of an organisations logo on the front cover implies support for the objectives and process of preparing
standard methods. The representatives participate in the development of the National Standard
Methods but their views are not necessarily those of the entire organisation of which they are a
member. The current list of participating organisations can be obtained by emailing
[email protected].
The performance of standard methods depends on the quality of reagents, equipment, commercial
and in-house test procedures. Laboratories should ensure that these have been validated and shown
to be fit for purpose. Internal and external quality assurance procedures should also be in place.
Whereas every care has been taken in the preparation of this publication, the Health Protection
Agency or any supporting organisation cannot be responsible for the accuracy of any statement or
representation made or the consequences arising from the use of or alteration to any information
contained in it. These procedures are intended solely as a general resource for practising
professionals in the field, operating in the UK, and specialist advice should be obtained where
necessary. If you make any changes to this publication, it must be made clear where changes have
been made to the original document. The Health Protection Agency (HPA) should at all times be
acknowledged.
The HPA is an independent organisation dedicated to protecting peoples health. It brings together
the expertise formerly in a number of official organisations. More information about the HPA can be
found at www.hpa.org.uk.
The HPA aims to be a fully Caldicott compliant organisation. It seeks to take every possible
precaution to prevent unauthorised disclosure of patient details and to ensure that patient-related
records are kept under secure conditions1.
More details can be found on the website at www.evaluations-standards.org.uk. Contributions to the

development of the documents can be made by contacting [email protected].
Please note the references are now formatted using Reference Manager software. If you alter or delete text
without Reference Manager installed on your computer, the references will not be updated automatically.
Suggested citation for this document:

Health Protection Agency (2008). Aerobic Colony count by the pour plate method . National Standard
Method W 4 Issue 4.2. http://www.hpa-standardmethods.org.uk/pdf_sops.asp.

W 4i4.2
INDEX
STATUS OF NATIONAL STANDARD METHODS ................................................................................ 2
INDEX...................................................................................................................................................... 3
AMENDMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................. 4
SCOPE OF DOCUMENT ........................................................................................................................ 5
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 5
1 DEFINITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 7
2 PRINCIPLE...................................................................................................................................... 7
3 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................................................................... 7

3.1 SAMPLE TRANSPORT AND STORAGE.............................................................................................. 7
3.2 SAMPLE PROCESSING .................................................................................................................. 7
4 EQUIPMENT.................................................................................................................................... 7
5 CULTURE MEDIA AND REAGENTS ............................................................................................. 8
6 SAMPLE PROCESSING................................................................................................................. 8
6.1 SAMPLE PREPARATION AND DILUTIONS ......................................................................................... 8
6.2 INOCULATION .............................................................................................................................. 8
6.3 INCUBATION ................................................................................................................................ 9
6.4 COUNTING/READING OF COLONIES ................................................................................................ 9
7 CALCULATION OF RESULTS....................................................................................................... 9
8 REPORTING.................................................................................................................................. 10
9 QUALITY CONTROL .................................................................................................................... 10
10 REFERENCE FACILITIES ............................................................................................................ 11
11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CONTACTS ............................................................................... 11
APPENDIX: FLOWCHART SHOWING ENUMERATION OF AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE

POUR PLATE METHOD....................................................................................................................... 12
REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 13

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AMENDMENT PROCEDURE
Controlled document W4
reference
Controlled document title Aerobic Colony count by the pour plate method
Each National Standard Method has an individual record of amendments. The current amendments
are listed on this page. The amendment history is available from [email protected].
On issue of revised or new pages each controlled document should be updated by the copyholder in
the laboratory.
Amendment Issue no. Insert Page Section(s) Amendment

Number/ Discarded Issue involved
Date no.
7/ 4.1 4.2 1 Title Changed to Aerobic colony count
08.08.08 by the pour plate method
Background Updated to include information on

ACC pre and post disinfection.
Paragraph added to cover aircraft
and purified waters
Definitions Note updated
Safety Use of protective gloves added

considerations
Equipment Temperature range for waterbath
amended. Incubator at 21C and
information note added
Culture media TGEA added

and reagent
Sample Inoculation and Incubation split into

processing two sections and updated with
incubation ranges clearly set out for
all water samples.
Use of hand lens added.
Reporting Updated
Quality Control Updated
Reference Heading added

Facilities
Appendix Updated
References Updated

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AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR
PLATE METHOD
SCOPE OF DOCUMENT
The method is applicable to the enumeration of aerobic viable micro-organisms in all types of water. The
target count is in the range of 0 to 300 organisms per mL of water when 1 mL volumes are analysed.
Counts in excess of 300 per mL can be determined by using suitable dilutions.
INTRODUCTION
Background2
Waters of all kinds invariably contain a variety of micro-organisms derived from various sources such as
soil and vegetation and estimation of the overall numbers provide useful information for the assessment
and surveillance of water quality. Most bacteria capable of growth in potable water and natural surface
waters in temperate climates will grow better in culture media at 22C than at higher temperatures.
Organisms that grow best at 37C usually grow less readily in potable water and are likely to have gained
access from external sources particularly of human or animal origin. These two groups of organisms are
counted separately and used to assess the general quality of potable water. A World Health
Organisation (WHO) meeting in 2002 identified that the aerobic colony count (ACC) is not a good
indicator of risk to health. ACC are useful for assessing the integrity of ground water sources and the
efficiency of water treatment processes such as coagulation, filtration and disinfection and provide an
indication of the cleanliness and integrity of the distribution system3. However it should be noted that ACC
are generally only useful when carried out regularly and when carried out pre and post disinfection.
Pool waters
In pool waters, the ACC at 37C is used as these organisms are most likely to have been derived from
bathers and are a measure of the adequacy of disinfection of the pool water. Microbiological guidelines
and standards are available for potable and pool waters4-14.
The main value of ACC lies in the detection of changes from those expected, based on frequent, long-
term monitoring. Any sudden increase in the count can be an early warning of serious pollution and calls
for immediate investigation. It is therefore important that the same technique and media should always be
used to examine a given water sample. The method of choice for potable and pool waters in the UK is the
pour-plate method using yeast extract agar (YEA). This method is based on EN ISO 6222:1999 (BS
6068-4.5:1999)15 as specified in the EC Drinking Water Directive and described in the Microbiology of
Drinking Water 2007 document11 and EN ISO 7218:200716.
Water from cooling systems

In water from cooling systems with cooling towers or evaporative condensers, the ACC is assayed to
determine if the water treatment is controlling microbial growth. Since the water in cooling systems is
usually between 25C and 35C and the majority of the organisms growing in such systems grow at
30C this temperature is recommended for the incubation of ACC on cooling systems. The target
counts in the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) guidelines are based on incubation at 30C for at
least 48 hours17.
Private water supplies

Where the samples are only collected at infrequent intervals there is little value in performing the ACC.
Thus the regulations only require the routine determination of ACC for private water supplies of
Classes A, B, 1 or 2 and not for others18. However when investigating problems the ACC may be
useful to assist with the interpretation of the results.

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Tank Disinfection
The determination of the ACC can also be a useful hygiene check following disinfection and flushing
of a system for example after construction and leak testing of a new domestic water system, cleaning
and disinfecting a tank or repairs on a water system. In this case, if the cleaning and disinfection have
been adequate one would normally expect the ACC to be comparable to and no more than 10 times
greater than that of the incoming water.
Ships and aircraft19,20

As for systems on land, there should be no significant increase over expected levels of ACC in water
of satisfactory quality on ships. The expected levels may be difficult to assess on board a vessel,
and for this reason ACC is not recommended for routine monitoring. During a sanitation inspection of
a ship it is recommended that Port Health Officers sample the potable water and the laboratories test
for E. coli, enterococci, and coliform bacteria. ACC counts should only be requested following a
system disinfection after a hygiene problem has been identified. High ACC do not in themselves
represent a health risk but should not be present in ships water systems as they may indicate
inadequacies in disinfection and / or maintenance of tanks and distribution systems in ships.
Similarly on aircrafts the ACC results are useful in assessing the effectiveness of disinfection and can
also be used to monitor changes in water quality over time. Where microbiological testing is
necessary water should be tested for coliform bacteria, E. coli, enterococci, ACC and P. aeruginosa.
Essentially the quality standards should be the same as those for public water supplies with the
addition of P. aeruginosa and ACC as these are indicators of the efficacy of disinfection. E. coli and
enterococci are used as faecal indicators, coliform bacteria are useful as indicators of poor hygiene
and the ACC and P. aeruginosa counts as checks on disinfection and re-growth within distribution.
Purified waters (Post reverse osmosis) and dialysis fluids

The UK Renal Association recommends a more sensitive pour plate method for dialysis fluids/waters21
and recommends a longer incubation time and a low nutrient medium suitable for bacteria found in
purified water. Hence the same pour plate method procedures described in this method are used with
a Tryptone Glucose Extract Agar (TGEA) test medium and 21C 1C for 7 days incubation.

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1 DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this method the following definition applies:
Aerobic Colony Count (culturable micro-organisms)

All aerobic bacteria, yeasts and moulds capable of forming colonies in or on the medium
specified, under the test conditions described.
Note: Various synonyms are frequently used instead of Aerobic colony count. These
include heterotrophic colony count, viable count, plate count and culturable micro-organisms
etc. This document uses aerobic colony count which is synonymous with the term colony
count used in the Drinking Water Regulations22.
2 PRINCIPLE
Measured volumes of the sample or dilutions of the sample are mixed with molten YEA /
TGEA as appropriate in sterile Petri dishes, and incubated under the conditions specified.
The number of colony-forming units (cfu) per millilitre (mL) of the sample is calculated from the
number of colonies.
3 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS23-30
Normal microbiology laboratory precautions apply
3.1 SAMPLE TRANSPORT AND STORAGE
Compliance with current postal and transportation regulations is essential.
3.2 SAMPLE PROCESSING
Care must be taken when using a boiling waterbath for melting agar. Use heat and water
resistant protective gloves and do not put the face or hands over the bath when opening to
remove objects.
The above guidance should be supplemented with local COSHH and risk assessments
4 EQUIPMENT
Usual laboratory equipment and in addition:
Waterbath: 44C - 47C
Boiling waterbath
Incubator: 22C 1C
Incubator: 21C 1C (If processing purified waters)
Incubator: 30C 1C (If processing water from cooling systems)
Incubator: 37C 1C
Petri dishes: 90 mm diameter (sterile)
Automatic pipettors and associated sterile pipette tips capable of delivering up to 10 mL
and 1 mL volumes (optional)
Pipettes (sterile total delivery) 10 mL and 1 mL graduated in 0.1 mL volumes (optional)
Information note: Bottles of agar should be allowed to cool before putting into the waterbath
at 44C 47C.

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5 CULTURE MEDIA AND REAGENTS
Equivalent commercial dehydrated media may be used; follow the manufacturers instructions.
Peptone saline diluent (Maximum recovery diluent)
Peptone 1.0 g
Sodium chloride 8.5 g
Water 1L
pH 7.0 0.2 at 25C
Yeast extract agar (YEA)
Yeast extract 3.0 g

Peptone 5.0 g
Agar 12.0 g
Water 1L
pH 7.2 0.2 at 25C
Tryptone Glucose Extract Agar (TGEA)
Tryptone 5.0 g
Yeast extract 2.5 g
Glucose 1.0 g
Agar 9.0 g
pH 7.0 0.2
6 SAMPLE PROCESSING
6.1 SAMPLE PREPARATION AND DILUTIONS
Water samples should be received and handled as described in W 1 - General technique for the
detection and enumeration of bacteria by negative pressure membrane filtration. In brief, the
nature of the request and condition of the sample is to be noted on arrival, and the sample stored at
2C - 8C until processed. Samples should be examined as soon as is practicable on the day of
collection. In exceptional circumstances, if there is a delay, storage under the above conditions
should not exceed 24 hours before the commencement of analysis.
Following the procedures laid down in W 1 - General technique for the detection and
enumeration of bacteria by negative pressure membrane filtration, select suitable volumes for
analysis and prepare tenfold dilutions if counts are expected to be in excess of 300 cfu per mL.
6.2 INOCULATION
Invert the sample bottle rapidly several times in order to mix the sample thoroughly. If the bottle is
full, remove the stopper or cap and retain in the hand avoiding contamination. Pour off some of the
contents, replace the stopper or cap and again shake the bottle in order to distribute any organisms
uniformly through the water. Aseptically measure a 1 mL volume of sample or dilution into a Petri dish
using a 1 mL graduated pipette or automatic pipettor.
Aseptically pour 15 - 20 mL of molten agar YEA / TGEA as appropriate, which has been cooled to
45C, into each Petri dish. Avoid pouring the molten agar directly on to the inoculum. The molten
agar should be poured within 20 minutes of dispensing the 1 mL sample volumes and used
preferrably within 4 hours. Any unused medium should be discarded after 8 hours.
Immediately mix the sample and agar carefully to obtain a homogenous distribution of the micro-
organisms within the medium. It is essential to keep the Petri dish flat on the bench throughout the
procedure.

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6.3 INCUBATION
Allow the agar to set, invert the Petri dishes and incubate as follows:
Potable waters including abattoirs, natural mineral waters, mains water, drinking waters
in containers, private water supplies, ice (melted) and vending machines
Inoculate two Petri dishes and incubate one at 22C 1C for 68 hours 4 hours and the other
at 37C 1C for 44 hours 4 hours. Petri dishes incubated at 37C 1C may be examined
after 21 3 hours if an early indicator of growth is required and then re-incubated if the ACC
does not exceed 300 cfu.
Information note: Incubating as close as possible to the upper time limit can significantly
increase the ability to count micro colonies.
Pool waters
Incubate at 37C 1C for 24 hours 1 hour.
Cooling waters
Incubate at 30C 1C for 49 hours 1 hour.
Purified waters
Incubate at 21C 1C for 7 days
6.4 COUNTING/READING OF COLONIES
Examine the plates as soon as they are removed from the incubators. If this is not possible, then
store at 2C - 8C for no longer than 24 hours.
Count the colonies present in or on plates containing less than 300 colonies. Counts may be
enumerated using automated colony counters. If necessary, use a hand lens or low power
binocular microscope.
Spreading colonies can interfere with counts. A chain of colonies that appears to be formed by
the disintegration of a clump of organisms, a spreading growth developing as a growth on the
bottom of the Petri dish or a colony that forms in a film of water at the edge or on the surface of the
Petri dish, should be regarded as single colonies. Depending on the source of water it may be
advisable to identify further if there is a predominant colony type eg pseudomonads.
7 CALCULATION OF RESULTS
Calculate the ACC as follows:
ACC per mL of water =
Number of colonies x Dilution Factor

Volume Tested
For samples in which 1 mL of undiluted sample was plated then the count per mL will be equal to
the number of colonies counted.

W 4i4.2
8 REPORTING
Express the result as the number of colony forming units (cfu) per mL of the sample for each
temperature of incubation.
If there are no cfu in or on the plates inoculated with the undiluted sample, report as:
None detected in 1 mL
Results may be reported as 0 / specified volume with an explanatory note stating that 0 = Not
Detected.
If cfu are detected report as:
a per mL
where a is the number of cfu counted in 1 mL of sample.
If there are more than 300 colonies on the plate and dilution is not performed report as:
Greater than 300 cfu per mL
Do not use the term too numerous to count.
9 QUALITY CONTROL
The following procedures should be performed once daily when the ACC method is used.
The quantitative internal quality controls are to be carried out using a suspension of the positive
control organism known to contain sufficient organisms to give 20-100 cfu per mL.
The internal quality controls are to be carried out as follows:
Potable waters including abattoirs, natural mineral waters, mains water, drinking waters in
containers, private water supplies, ice (melted) and vending machines
Positive control
Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 9528
Inoculate 1 mL of suspension into each of 2 Petri dishes. Add about 15 - 20 mL of cooled molten
agar, YEA / TGEA as appropriate to the plates at the same time as the pour plate method is
carried out on test samples. Incubate one control plate with the test plates at 37C 1C and the
other plate with the test plates at 22C 1C for the appropriate times.
Negative control (blank)

Sterility checks should be performed at the end of each session. Aseptically pour about 20
mL of molten agar, YEA / TGEA as appropriate, cooled to 45C, into 2 Petri dishes. This
should be done at the same time as the test samples are inoculated. Incubate the control
plates with the test plates at 37C 1C and 22C 1C for the appropriate times.
Pool waters
For pool waters only one positive and one negative control plate is required and they are
incubated at 37C 1C.

W 4i4.2
Cooling waters
For cooling waters only one positive and one negative control plate is required and they are
incubated at 30C 1C for 49 hours 1 hour.
Purified waters
For purified waters only one positive and one negative control plate is required and they are
incubated at 21C 1C for 7 days.
10 REFERENCE FACILITIES
N/A
11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CONTACTS

This National Standard Method has been developed, reviewed and revised by the Water
Working Group for Standard Methods (http://www.hpa-
standardmethods.org.uk/wg_water.asp). The contributions of many individuals in Food,
Water and Environmental laboratories, reference laboratories and specialist organisations
who have provided information and comment during the development of this document are
acknowledged.
The National Standard Methods are issued by Standards Unit, Evaluations and Standards
Laboratory, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, London.
For further information please contact us at:
Standards Unit
Evaluations and Standards Laboratory
Centre for Infections
Health Protection Agency
Colindale
London
NW9 5EQ
E-mail: [email protected]

W 4i4.2
APPENDIX: FLOWCHART SHOWING ENUMERATION OF
AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE
METHOD
Transport to laboratory at 2C 8C out of direct sunlight

in suitable container

Store at 2C 8C in the dark and examine on the day of collection if possible
otherwise within 24 hours of collection

Mix sample well and make any necessary dilutions in peptone saline diluent

Dispense a 1 mL amount of each dilution into an empty Petri dish

Pour 15 - 20 mL of appropriate molten agar (tempered to 44C - 47C) into each
Petri dish and mix carefully with the inoculum

Allow agar to set, invert plate and incubate at 22C 1C for 68 hours, 37C 1C for 21 or 44 hours or
21C 1C for 7 days
(Waters from cooling systems incubate at 30C 1C for 49 hours)

Count colonies

Calculate ACC

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REFERENCES
1. Department of Health NHS Executive: The Caldicott Committee. Report on the review of patient-
identifiable information. London. December 1997.
2. National Standard Method QSOP 57 - The microbiological examination of water samples. London:
Health Protection Agency; 2005.
3. WHO 2003. Bartram J, Cotruvo J, Exner M, Fricker C, Glasmacher A. Heterotrophic plate counts
and drinking-water safety: The significance of HPCs for water quality and the human health.
Published on behalf of the WHO by IWA Publishing WHO 2003.
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/hpc/en/. p. 1-271.
4. Council Directive 98/83/EC: Relating to the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption.
Official Journal of the European Communities; 1998. p. L330-32-L330/53.
5. The Private Water Supplies Regulations (Statutory Instrument No. 2790). London: HMSO; 1991.
6. PHLS. Hygiene for Hydrotherapy Pools. 2nd ed. London: PHLS; 1999.
7. Health Protection Agency/Health and Safety Executive. Management of Spa Pools - Controlling
the Risks of Infection. http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1200471667418.
8. British Standard BS PAS 39:2003. Management of public swimming pools. Water treatment
systems, water treatment plant and heating and ventilation systems. Code of Practice; 2003.
http://www.pwtag.org/home.html.
9. Industry Guide to Good Hygiene Practice: Vending and Dispensing Guide Supplement (to the
Catering Guide). Chadwick House Group ; 2000.
10. British Standard BS EN ISO 6222:1999. Water quality - enumeration of culturable micro-
organisms - colony count by inoculation in a nutient agar culture medium. 1999.
11. Standing Committee of Analysts. The Microbiology of Drinking Water 2007. Part 7: Methods for
the Enumeration of heterotrophic bacteria. London. http://www.environment-
agency.gov.uk/commondata/acrobat/modwpart7212_1751222.pdf .
12. BS EN ISO 7218: Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - General requirements and
guidance for microbiological examinations. London: British Standards Institution (BSI); 2007.
13. ANON 2000. Health and Safety Commission Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L8
Legionnaires' disease - the control of legionella bacteria in water systems. Suffolk: HSE Books;
2000.
14. The Natural Mineral Water, Spring Water and Bottled Drinking Water (England) Regulations
(Statutory Instrument No. 2785). London: HMSO; 2007.
15. British Standard BS EN ISO 6222:1999. Water quality - enumeration of culturable micro-
organisms - colony count by inoculation in a nutient agar culture medium. 1999.
16. BS EN ISO 7218: Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - General requirements and
guidance for microbiological examinations. London: British Standards Institution (BSI); 2007.
17. ANON 2000. Health and Safety Commission Approved Code of Practice and Guidance L8
Legionnaires' disease - the control of legionella bacteria in water systems. Suffolk: HSE Books;
2000.
W 4i4.2
18. The Private Water Supplies Regulations (Statutory Instrument No. 2790). London: HMSO; 1991.
19. Health Protection Agency. Guidelines for water quality on board merchant ships including
passenger vessels. London: Health Protection Agency; 2003.
20. The Microbiological Quality of Water Onboard Aircraft. London:

http://www.hpa.org.uk/publications/PublicationDisplay.asp?PublicationID=112; 2003.
21. UK Renal Association. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Haemodialysis. 4th ed. London: 2007.
22. The Water Supply (Water Quality) Regulations (Statutory Instrument No. 3184). London: HMSO;
2000.
23. Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens. 2004 Approved List of Biological Agents.
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/misc208.pdf. p. 1-17.
24. Health and Safety Executive, editor. Biological Agents: Managing the risks in laboratories and
healthcare premises. 5 A.D.
25. Public Health Laboratory Service Standing Advisory Committee on Laboratory Safety. Safety
Precautions: Notes for Guidance. 4th ed. London: Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS); 1993.
26. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002. General COSHH. Approved Code
of Practice and Guidance, L5. Suffolk: HSE Books; 2002.
27. Health and Safety Executive. 5 steps to risk assessment: a step by step guide to a safer and
healthier workplace, IND (G) 163 (REVL). Suffolk: HSE Books; 2002.
28. Health and Safety Executive. A guide to risk assessment requirements: common provisions in
health and safety law, IND (G) 218 (L). Suffolk: HSE Books; 2002.
29. NHS Estates. Health Building Note 15. Facilities for pathology services. 2nd ed. London: The
Stationary Office; 2005.
30. Advisory Committee on Dangerous Pathogens. The management, design and operation of
microbiological containment laboratories. Suffolk: HSE Books; 2001.

W 4i4.2

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HPA STANDARD METHOD

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY

Issued by Standards Unit, Evaluations and Standards Laboratory

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

More details can be found on the website at www.evaluations-standards.org.uk. Contributions to the

Suggested citation for this document:

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

STATUS OF NATIONAL STANDARD METHODS ................................................................................ 2

AMENDMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................. 4

SCOPE OF DOCUMENT ........................................................................................................................ 5

3 SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................................................................... 7

5 CULTURE MEDIA AND REAGENTS ............................................................................................. 8

9 QUALITY CONTROL .................................................................................................................... 10

10 REFERENCE FACILITIES ............................................................................................................ 11

11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CONTACTS ............................................................................... 11

APPENDIX: FLOWCHART SHOWING ENUMERATION OF AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Amendment Issue no. Insert Page Section(s) Amendment

Background Updated to include information on

Definitions Note updated

Safety Use of protective gloves added

Culture media TGEA added

Sample Inoculation and Incubation split into

Use of hand lens added.

Quality Control Updated

Reference Heading added

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Water from cooling systems

Private water supplies

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Ships and aircraft19,20

Purified waters (Post reverse osmosis) and dialysis fluids

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Aerobic Colony Count (culturable micro-organisms)

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Peptone saline diluent (Maximum recovery diluent)

Yeast extract agar (YEA)

Yeast extract 3.0 g

Tryptone Glucose Extract Agar (TGEA)

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

ACC per mL of water =

Number of colonies x Dilution Factor

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

If cfu are detected report as:

where a is the number of cfu counted in 1 mL of sample.

Greater than 300 cfu per mL

Do not use the term too numerous to count.

The internal quality controls are to be carried out as follows:

Negative control (blank)

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND CONTACTS

For further information please contact us at:

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

Transport to laboratory at 2C 8C out of direct sunlight

(Waters from cooling systems incubate at 30C 1C for 49 hours)

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

20. The Microbiological Quality of Water Onboard Aircraft. London:

AEROBIC COLONY COUNT BY THE POUR PLATE METHOD

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