University of California, San Diego Pre-Dental Society

DENTAL INSTRUMENTS PACKET

CREATED BY: SUMEI MAI

SUPERVISED BY: DR. RANDALL TAYLOR

1
 TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE #:
BASIC DENTAL INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES 3-6
BASIC TRAY SET-UP 4
INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES FOR PROPHY AND SRP 7-9
PROPHYLAXIS TRAY SET-UP 8
SRP (SCALING & ROOT PLANING) TRAY SET-UP 9
OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES 10 24
AMALGAM TRAY SET-UP 15
RUBBER DAM TRAY SET-UP 17
COMPOSITE TRAY SET-UP 20
RESTORATIVE BUR BLOCK SET-UP 21
X-RAY INSTRUMENTS 25
UNIVERSAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS 26 - 33
SUTURE TRAY SET-UP 27
SUTURE REMOVAL TRAY SET-UP 28
EXTRACTION INSTRUMENTS 29
EXTRACTION TRAY SET-UP 32
BURS 34 - 36
PULPOTOMY/ OPEN & MED. TRAY SET-UP 37
ROOT CANAL TRAY SET-UP 39
DRY SOCKET TRAY SET-UP 41
FULL DENTURE ALIGINATE IMPRESSION TRAY SET-UP 42
CROWN PREP TRAY SEP-UP 43
CREDITS 45

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 BASIC DENTAL INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES

Instrument: Dental Tray Instrument: Mouth Mirror

Function: To provide an area specific for Function: To provide indirect vision

instruments To retract lips, cheeks, and tongue
To reflect light into the mouth

Characteristics: Different designs for different Characteristics: Accurate image from flat surface
procedures, e.g. hygiene tray, mirrors, image magnified with
operative tray, surgical tray. concave mirrors.

Instrument: Cotton Forceps Instrument: Explorers

Function: To Grasp and/or transfer Function: To Examine teeth for decay

material in and out of the oral (caries), calculus, furcation, or
cavity. canals and other anomalies

Characteristics: Plain or serrated tips Characteristics: Pointed tips: sharp, thin and
variety of sizes, angled tip. flexible.
1. Orbin; 2. Shepherds; 3. Pigtail

Instrument: Perioprobe Instrument: Bib holder

Function: An instrument with incremental Function: To attach the patient bib around
marks on the tip to measure the patients neck
the periodontal pockets
Characteristics: Disposable snap/adhesive clips
Characteristics: Designed with different Alligator clip (not disposable)
increments, e.g. 1mm, 3 mm,
PSR probe 3
 BASIC DENTAL INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES

Instrument: Instrument Handles Instrument: Patient Bib

Function: Handles for detachable Function: To prevent materials, debris, fluids
instrument, heads screw into from contacting the patient
handle
Characteristics: Differs in colors, shapes and
Characteristics: E.g. mouth mirror designs; has a protective liquid
barrier side and an absorbent
side

Instrument: Cotton Rolls Instrument: 2 x 2 gauze

Function: To isolate teeth and absorb saliva Function: Absorbent cloth, aid in
Act as a protective tissue barrier; homeostasis, clean instruments,
aid in endodontic diagnostics used in all aspects of dentistry

Characteristics: Fluid absorbent roll ~ 1 in long Characteristics: 2 x 2 inches in size, white,

thinly/thick woven absorbent
fiber

1. 2x2 Gauzes
2. Cotton Rolls
1 3 4 5
3. Mouth Mirror
4. Explorer 2

5. Cotton Forcep

Basic Tray Set - Up

4
 BASIC DENTAL INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES

Instrument: Low Velocity Saliva

Instrument: High Velocity Saliva
Evacuation (LVE)
Evacuation (HVE) Function: To evacuate reduced volumes of
Function: To evacuate large volumes of fluid fluid from oral cavity
and debris from oral cavity Characteristics: Disposable plastic for single use;
can be bent or used straight;
Characteristics: Straight or slightly angled at one attaches to tubing on dental unit
or both end; stainless steel,
autoclavable plastic, or disposable
plastics; attaches to tubing on
dental unit

Instrument: Air/Water Syringe Tip

Function: To rinse and dry specific teeth or
entire oral cavity
Characteristics: Three-way syringe: air, water, or
spray with water and air; Syringe
tip: Disposable plastic or
autoclavable metal; attaches to
air/water syringe on dental unit

5
 INSTRUMENTS & SUPPLIES FOR PROPHY AND SRP

Instrument: Ultrasonic Scaler Unit Instrument: Ultrasonic Scaler Tips

Function: To use with water-cooled Function: To remove supra/subgingival
ultrasonic tips, to remove calculus calculus on teeth, remove bacteria
from periodontal pockets and stain.
Characteristics: Has ultra-high frequency tip
movement that also sprays Characteristics: Used with Ultrasonic Scaler Unit,
water, attaches to dental chair water is used to cool tips, 25 k
30 k size tips. Not interchable

Instrument: Universal Curette Instrument: Area-Specific Curette

Function: To Scale and remove deposits Function: To scale and remove deposits
and stain, remove calculus from specific sub gingival surfaces.

Characteristics: Blade has two cutting edges, Characteristics: Anterior and Posterior specific
rounded toe, round on the back curettes
Single or double ended.

Instrument: Sickle Scaler Instrument: 0.12 % Chlorhexidine

Function: To remove large amounts of Function: Oral rinse before treatment, aid
deposits from supragingival with lowering patients oral
surfaces, ideal for anterior bioburden
interproximal area
Characteristics: Blue or Pink liquid, 15 ml oral
Characteristics: Variety of sizes, sharp edges with rinse before and after cleaning
sharp point.
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 HYGIENE SET UP FOR PROPHY AND SRP

Instrument: Prophy Cup & Paste Instrument: Fluoride Varnish

Function: To polish coronal surface after Function: To decrease post cleaning
cleaning or before certain sensitivity, remineralize incipient
operative procedures carious lesions, caries prevention

Characteristics: Different prophy cups/points Characteristics: Differs in color, sticky, resin based,
fluoridated or non-fluoridated some patients may be allergic to the
pastes, also differ in grit resin in the varnish

Instrument: Patient Tooth Brush Instrument: Patient Floss

Function: To allow the patient to continue Function: To allow the patient to continue
good oral home care good oral home care

Characteristics: Soft bristle tooth brush Characteristics: Waxed or non-waxed floss

Instrument: Prophy Angle

Function: To polish teeth with prophy cup or

brush

Characteristics: An attachment for straight or

prophy handpiece; types: prophy
cup for polishing all surfaces of
teeth, prophy brush for polishing
occlusal surfaces and lingual
surfaces of anterior teeth 7
 PROPHYLAXIS TRAY SET-UP

9 10

1 2 3 5 6 7

1. Cavitron Tip
2. Mouth Mirror
3. Perioprobe
4. Scalars
5. Straight Nose
6. Prohpy Angle
7. Prophy Paste
8. 2x2 Gauzes
9. Cotton Rolls
10. Floss
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 SRP (SCALING & ROOT PLANING) TRAY SET-UP

13
10 11
2
3

6
4 5

7
9
12

1. Cotton Rolls 10. Mouth Mirror

2. 2x2 Gauzes 11. Perioprobe
3. Topical Anesthetic 12. Scalars
4. Long Needle 13. Cavitron Tip
5. Short Needle
6. Anesthetic Carpule
7. Chlorohexidine
8. Syringe
9. Floss

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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Q-tip Instrument: Topical Anesthetic

Function: To apply topical anesthetic, bite Function: To aid in painless anesthesia
stick, aid in perio and endo
diagnostics Characteristics: Gel consistency, applied with
Q-tip to the injection site, differs
Characteristics: cotton tipped wooden/plastic in color and taste
stick

Instrument: Lidocaine - Red Instrument: Polocaine - Tan

Function: An anesthetic with epinephrine Function: A non-epinephrine anesthetic,
used when patients cant have
epinephrine, e.g. HTN patients

Characteristics: 2 % Lidocaine 1:100,000 Characteristics: 3 % Polocaine Plain; has a tan band

epinephrine; has a red band on the on the carpule
carpule; most used anesthetic

Instrument: Anesthetic Needle Instrument: Needle Stick Protector

Function: To inject anesthetic into soft Function: To hold needle sheath for
tissue one-handed recapping after
injection, Prevent needle stick
Characteristics: Varies in Gauge and Length
Typically short for maxillary Characteristics: Metal and card board protector
Typically long for mandibular

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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Anesthetic Syringe Instrument: Amalgam Capsule

Function: To administer local anesthetic Function: Material used to restore a cavity,
build up for crown

Characteristics: Aspirating and self-aspirating Characteristics: Contains amalgam, has to be

syringe. Aspirating syringes have triturated, times differ on types
a barb that inserts in the carpule of amalgams

Instrument: Amalgam Well Instrument: Amalgam Carrier

Function: To hold amalgam before it is Function: To carry and dispense amalgam
placed in the preparation for cavity preparation

Characteristics: Metal, plastic, or glass Characteristics: Amalgam is placed in hollow

tubes, and is then placed in
cavity preparation, double or
single sided

Instrument: Hatchet Instrument: Smooth Condenser

Function: An instrument to accentuate Function: To pack and condense amalgam

line and point angles of internal into cavity preparation
and external outlines, remove
unsupported enamel Characteristics: Has smooth ends, round, flat,
small and large sizes, single or
Characteristics: Cutting edges at differing angles double sided

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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Serrated Condenser Instrument: Interproximal Condenser

Function: To pack and condense amalgam Function: To pack and condense amalgam
into cavity preparation into interproximal areas of the
cavity preparation
Characteristics: Ends are serrated, round, flat,
small and large sizes, single or Characteristics: Ends are shaped to fit in the
double sided mesial or distal box. Smooth or
serrated ends

Instrument: Football Burnisher Instrument: Acorn Burnisher

Function: To smooth Amalgam after Function: To smooth amalgam after
condensing, to contour matrix condensing, used to create
band, to burnish amalgam occlusal anatomy, burnish
amalgam
Characteristics: Smooth football shaped metal
instrument, single or double Characteristics: Acorn shaped tip, metal, single or
sided double sided

Instrument: T-Ball Burnisher Instrument: Beavertail Burnisher

Function: To Smooth amalgam after Function: To smooth amalgam after
condensing; to contour matrix condensing; to burnish the lingual,
band, initiate carving and occlusal facial amalgam walls of a
anatomy restoration
Characteristics: Smooth metal, has a ball and paddle Characteristics: Similar shape to beaver tail,
single or double sided smooth metal, single or double
sided
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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Ball Burnisher Instrument: Tanner Carver

Function: To smooth amalgam after Function: To carve occlusal anatomy into
condensing amalgam restorations
To contour matrix band before
amalgam placement Characteristics: Double ended, ends are shaped
to carve alloy restorations, sharp
Characteristics: Burnishes alloy restorations,
single or double sided

Instrument: Discoid-Cleoid Carver Instrument: Woodson

Function: To carve occlusal anatomy into Function: Used as a burnisher and
amalgam restorations condenser

Characteristics: Double ended; Discoid is disk Characteristics: Doubled ended, one end a
shaped; cleoid is pointed, sharp condenser while other is paddle
shaped

2
Instrument: Hollenback Carver Instrument: Half-Hollenback Carver (2)
Function: To contour and carve occlusal Function: To contour and carve occlusal
and interproximal anatomy in and interproximal anatomy in
amalgam restorations amalgam restorations
Characteristics: Half the size of Hollenback (1);
Characteristics: Double ended, sharp stiff metal double ended, sharp stiff metal
blade, sharp point; ends are blade, sharp point; ends are
protrude at different angles; carves protrude at different angles; carves
other restorative materials other restorative materials 13
 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Dycal/Liner Applicator Instrument: Articulating Paper Holder

Function: To Place Calcium Hydroxide or Glass Function: To hold articulating paper in
Ionomer checking patients bite

Characteristics: Has short or long handle, similar Characteristics: Articulating paper is blue or
to a tiny ball burnisher red, thin to thick

Instrument: Tofflemire/Matrix Band Instrument: Matrix Band

Retainer
Function: To replace missing proximal walls of
Function: To maintain stability of matrix cavity preparation for condensation
band during condensation of of restorative material
restorations
Characteristics: Universal, premolar, molar, and
Characteristics: Has a guide slot, spindle, outer pediatric bands
and inner knob

Instrument: Interproximal Knife

Function: To Carve interproximal walls

of amalgams, to restore contour
of proximal walls

Characteristics: Double ended, Sharp carving

hard metal blade
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 AMALGAM TRAY SET-UP

10 15
11 12 13 14 16 17 19 20
1 18
2 25

7
5

8
4

21

6 24 26
22
9
23

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 AMALGAM TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. 2x2 Gauzes
2. Topical Anesthetics
3. Cotton Rolls
4. Needle
5. Anesthetic Carpules
6. Floss
7. Syringe
8. Restorative Bur Block
9. Articulating Paper
10. Amalgam pellets
11. Mouth Mirror
12. Explorer/ Perioprobe
13. Spoon Excavator
14. Condenser
15. Plastic
16. Discloid-Celoid Carver
17. Ball Burnisher
18. Cotton Forcep
19. Articulating Paper Holder
20. Amalgam Carrier
21. Wood Wedges
22. Matrix Band
23. Tofflemier
24. Amalgam Well
25. High Speed Handpiece
26. Low Speed Handpiece

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 RUBBER DAM TRAY SET-UP

1
4

RUBBER DAM TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. Rubber Dam
2. Clamp holder
3. Rubber Dam Holder
4. Rubber Dam Hole Puncher
5. Clamp

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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Spoon Excavator Instrument: Wood Wedges

Function: To remove carious dentin Function: To hold matrix band in place
To remove temp cement, along gingival margin of class II
provisional crowns
Characteristics: Spoon-shaped with a cutting Characteristics: Triangular or rounded plastic or
edge, small and large sizes wooden, various sizes and color

Instrument: Plastic Instrument Instrument: Micro Brush

Function: To carry composite material for
Function: Use to apply primer, dentin bond
cavity preparation, and shape
enamel bond, sealants
composite, not for any other use

Characteristics: Specially coated instrument, not Characteristics: Small plastic instrument with
for amalgam or any other use small fiber bristled head

Instrument: Composite Well

Instrument: Mylar Strip
Function: Plastic well used to hold composite,
etch, bond, cavity conditioner
Function: Thin clear strip used to isolate cavity
prep, able to use cure light
Characteristics: Plastic well, smaller than amalgam
well
Characteristics: Similar size to matrix band, clear
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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Curing Light Instrument: Protective Eye Wear

Function: To harden light-cure materials, Function: To protect operators and

bonding, composites, sealants, assistants eyes during procedures
cements, build up

Characteristics: Material must be cured in Characteristics: Orange, dark, clear, protects

increments of 2 mm or less, need to eyes
be above 300 wavelength

Instrument: Finishing Strips Instrument: Bonding Agents

Function: To finish and smooth Function: Acts as an adhesive between the
interproximal surfaces tooth and the composite material

Characteristics: Differs in grit, coarse, fine, extra Characteristics: Differs in generation, all in one
fine. Abrasive unit, 3 step, 2 step, brands require
different techniques

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 COMPOSITE TRAY SET-UP

1
13 20
15 17 19

2 8

11 12 14 16 18
22

20 21
9

3 4 5
7

26 27

6 10 25
28
24 29
30 23

20
 Composite Tray Set-up Instruments

1. 2x2 Gauzes 16. Condenser

2. Topical Anesthetic 17. Plastic Instrument
3. Anesthetic carpules 18. Discloid-Cleoid Carver
4. Needle 19. Beavertail Carver
5. Cotton Rolls 20. Bonding Agents
6. Syringe 21. Microbrush
7. High Speed Handpiece 22. Mixing Well
8. Restorative Bur Block 23. Articulating Paper
9. Cotton Forcep 24. Wooden Wedges
10. Floss 25. Matrix Band
11. Hand Mirror 26. Packable Composite
12. Perioprobe 27. Tofflemire
13. Spoon Excavator 28. Flowable Composite
14. Acorn Burnisher 29. Etch
15. Ball/ Football Burnisher 30. Slow speed

RESTORATIVE BUR BLOCK

1 2 3 1. Diamond Football
2. Round Bur
3. Latch Round Bur
4 5
4. Diamond Round-Nosed
5. White Stone
6 7 8 6. 330
7. 557
8. Diamond Tree Top
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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Etch Instrument: Cavity Conditioner

Function: To remove the smear layer, Function: Works similar as etch, used to
prepare the tooth for bonding prepare the tooth for a Glass
Ionomer restoration
Characteristics: Differs in color and pH level.
Concentrations of Phosphoric Characteristics: 20 % Polyacrylic Acid, Deep blue
Acid ~ typically 37 % and blue tint

Instrument: Dycal (Calcium Hydroxide Instrument: Vitrabond liner

Composition)
Function: Used for indirect pulp cap, Function: A glass ionomer material used
protective liner for deep cavities to make a liner

Characteristics: A base and catalyst paste, mixes Characteristics: Powder and liquid mixed 1:1
together to form a tan paste, self ratio, light cure and self setting
sets. 1:1 ratio mix

Instrument: IRM (ZOE) Instrument: Fuji IX or Fuji II

Function: Used as a temporary filling Function: Used for restorative material
material, sedative filling for high caries risk, releases
fluoride
Characteristics: White powder mixed with
eugenol, 1:1 mixture, mix so it is Characteristics: Triturable capsules or liquid
not sticky to gloved finger powder

22
 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Flowable Composite Instrument: Packable Composite

Function: High viscosity, low filler Function: Low viscosity, high filler,
composite, used small areas or permanent restorative material
before placement of packable
composite, differs in shade Characteristics: Either in a syringe or composite
tip. Composite tip requires
Characteristics: Fluid like composite, with in a composite gun
syringe used with a syringe tip

Instrument: Composite Gun Instrument: Composite Shade Guide

Function: Holds composite tip, used to Function: To allow the patient to see
deliver composite to the cavity the shade they would like
prep the filling to be.

Characteristics: Composite tip inserts in the Characteristics: Has different color teeth with a
barrel of the composite gun shade, e.g. A2, B1, C3, D2

Instrument: High Speed Handpiece Instrument: Low Speed Handpiece

Function: To be used with a bur to cut a Function: To remove decay, polish, open
cavity/crown prep pulpal access, endo, refine prep

Characteristics: Runs on air pressure, up to Characteristics: Runs on air, up to 30,000 rpms,

400,000 rpms, sprays water, latch and friction grip
friction grip

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 OPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS - AMALGAM - COMPOSITE

Instrument: Contra Angle Instrument: Straight Nose Cone

Function: To use with slow speed motor Function: To use with or without
attachments. Examples of
attachments: Contra angle or
Characteristics: Different designs for different prophy angle; To use with a long-
procedures, e.g. hygiene tray, shank straight bur
operative tray, surgical tray. Characteristics: Runs at maximum 30,000 rpm; use
outside oral cavity unless used with
attachments

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 X-RAY
1 2 4

Instrument: Anterior X-ray Instrument: Digital Sensor

Function: To take X-ray for Anterior teeth Function: To be placed in mouth and capture
digital image of teeth; used in place
Characteristics: 1. Plastic aiming ring; 2. metal of traditional X-ray films
indicator arm; 3. plastic bite-block; Characteristics: Variety sizes and types
4. film

1 3
4

2
5

Instrument: Posterior X-Ray

Function: To take X-ray for Posterior teeth

Characteristics: 1&5. Plastic bite-block; 2.Plastic

aiming ring; 3. metal indicator arm;
4. film

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 UNIVERSAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

Instrument: Scalpel Handle with Instrument: Tissue Forcep

Blades
Function: To Hold blade in place, cut tissue Function: To hold tissue during surgical
with blade, trim interproximal procedures
restoration
Characteristics: Blades are disposable after each Characteristics: Has serrated or rat-tooth tips
use. Handle can be autoclaved or
disposable.

Instrument: Hemostat Instrument: Tongue and Cheek

Retractor
Function: To grasp tissue or bone fragment Function: To hold and retract tongue or cheek

Characteristics: Has variety of functions. Working Characteristics: Styles and sizes vary. Also called the
end is serrated and it locks. Can be Minnesota.
straight or curved

Instrument: Tissue Scissors Instrument: Needle Holder/ Driver

Function: To cut tissue Function: To grasp and manipulate suture

needle during suturing

Characteristics: Can be straight or curved. Variety of

shapes and sizes Characteristics: Working end has different lengths.
Ends are notched to accommodate
needle.
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 UNIVERSAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

Instrument: Suture Needles and Sutures Instrument: Suture Scissors

Function: To suture surgical site Function: To cut sutures

Characteristics: Reabsorbable sutures: gut and Characteristics: Has straight or angled cutting edges.
chromic gut. Non-reabsorbable: May have a notch on end of cutting
silk, nylon, polypropylene. edge.
Available in packages.

SUTURE TRAY SET-UP

2 4

5 6 7

1. Suture and Needle 5. Suture Scissors

2. 2x2 Gauze 6. Cotton Forcep
3. Cotton Rolls 7. Mouth Mirror
4. Hemostat 27
 UNIVERSAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS

SUTURE REMOVAL TRAY SET-UP

6 5

1. Explorer/ Perioprobe 4. Suture Scissors

2. Mouth Mirror 5. Cotton Rolls
3. Cotton Forcep 6. 2x2 Gauzes

28
 ORAL SURGERY INSTRUMENTS

Instrument: Straight Elevators Instrument: Periosteal Elevator

Function: To loosen tooth from periodontal Function: To provide indirect vision
ligaments before extraction. To To retract lips, cheeks, and tongue
separate and lift tooth from socket. To reflect light into the mouth

Characteristics: Single ended. Variety of sizes. Characteristics: Accurate image from flat surface
mirrors, image magnified with
concave mirrors.

Instrument: Root-Tip Picks Instrument: Root Elevators/ Cryers

Function: To lift and remove small root tips in Function: To loosen root. To separate and lift
difficult areas tooth from socket. To use on
posterior teeth
Characteristics: Pointed at working end . Straight or Characteristics: Single ended. Can be right or left.
right-and-left pairs. Variety of sizes.

Instrument: Root-Tip Elevators Instrument: Bone File

Function: To lift and remove fragments of root Function: To remove or smooth edges of
alveolar bone

Characteristics: Single ended. Rounded or pointed. Characteristics: Used in push-pull motion; straight-
Straight or right-and-left pairs cut or cross-cut cutting end; variety
of sizes, angles, and shapes.
29
 ORAL SURGERY INSTRUMENTS

Instrument: Maxillary Universal Instrument: Maxillary Right Forceps/

Forceps/ Cryer 150 No. 88R
Function: To extract trifurcated maxillary right
Function: To extract maxillary central, first or second molars
laterals, cuspids, premolars, and
roots Characteristics: Has right-split beak to engage
Characteristics: Has straight handles or one curved lingual root
handle

Instrument: Maxillary Left Forceps/ No. Instrument: Mandibular Universal

88L Forceps/ Cryer 151
Function: To extract trifurcated maxillary left Function: To extract manibular central,
first or second molars laterals, cuspids, premolars, and
roots
Characteristics: Has left-split beak to engage lingual Characteristics: Has straight handles or one curved
root handle

Instrument: Universal Mandibular Instrument: Rongeur

Forceps No. 23
Function: To extract mandibular first and Function: To trim and remove excess alveolar
second molars bone after extraction

Characteristics: Referred to as Cowhorn forceps;

straight handles or one curved Characteristics: Variety of sizes and angles
handle
30
 ORAL SURGERY INSTRUMENTS

Instrument: Bone Chisel Instrument: Surgical Curette

Function: To split or section a tooth for easier Function: To remove debris or granulation
removal by tapping on chisel with tissue from surgical site; to remove
mallet; to reshape or contour cyst from extraction site or surgical
alveolar bone site; to use for gross tissue
Characteristics: Single-level chisel for contouring or debridement
removing alveolar bone; bilevel Characteristics: Various sizes and shapes; single or
chisel for splitting teeth; variety of double ended
sizes

Instrument: Surgical Evacuation Tip

Function: To evacuate fluid from oral cavity

and surgical sites

Characteristics: Stainless steel, autoclavable plastic,

or disposable plastic; tips narrow to
accommodate surgical site; attaches
to tubing on dental unit

31
 EXTRACTION TRAY SET-UP

7 8
1 9 10 11 12 13

3
2

4 5

32
 EXTRACTION TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. Cotton Rolls
2. Topical Anesthetic
3. 2x2 Gauzes
4. Needle (Short for Maxillary; Long for Mandibular)
5. Anesthetic Carpules
6. Syringe
7. Mouth Mirror
8. Explorer/ Perioprobe
9. Small Elevator
10. Large Elevator
11. Periosteal
12. Surgical Curette
13. Forcep:
Teeth #1-3: 88R
Teeth #4-13: 150
Teeth #14-16: 88L
Teeth #17-19: Cowhorn 23
Teeth #20-29: 151
Teeth #30-32: Cowhorn 23

33
 BURS FOR HIGH SPEED AND LOW SPEED HANDPIECES

1 2 3

Instrument: Bur
Function: To be inserted in high-speed or low-
speed handpiece

Characteristics: Parts: 1. Head: Part of bur that cuts,

polishes, or finishes (various sizes,
shapes, and shanks); 2. Neck: Part of
Instrument: Magnetic Bur Block with
bur that tapers to connect shank to
Burs head of bur; 3. Shank: Part of bur
Function: To be used by inserting into dental that is inserted into the handpiece
handpiece; to attach discs to Length and style varies depending
mandrel for finishing and polishing on handpiece being used
inside or outside of oral cavity Bur with a straight and long shank
Characteristics: Different shanks: 1. Long shanks fits into straight slow-speed
straight slow-speed handpiece, 2. handpiece
Short latch-type shank contra- Bur with latch type at end of shank
angle slow-speed handpiece, 3.. fits into contra-angle slow-speed
Friction grip high speed handpiece handpiece
Friction grip bur fits into high-
speed handpiece; a chunk tightens
bur into handpiece

Instrument: Rubber Points Instrument: Round Bur

Function: To remove amalgam restorations Function: To remove caries from tooth
structure; to open tooth for
endodontic treatment
Characteristics: Various polishing grits; brown Characteristics: Various sizes; small to large
points (Brownies) are abrasive for
polishing; green points (Greenies)
are less abrasive; Variety of shanks:
1. Latch type, 2. Friction grip 34
 BURS FOR HIGH SPEED AND LOW SPEED HANDPIECES

Instrument: White Stone Instrument: Straight Fissure - Crosscut

Function: To polish restorative material Function: To cut cavity preparation; to form
walls of cavity preparation; to place
retention grooves in walls of cavity
Characteristics: Various shapes and shanks preparation
Characteristics: Cutting part of bur has parallel sides
with horizontal cutting edge

Instrument: Straight Fissure Plain Cut Instrument: Taper Fissure - Crosscut

Function: To cut cavity preparation; to Function: To cut cavity preparation; to
form inner walls of cavity form angles in walls of cavity
preparation; to replace retention preparation
grooves in walls of cavity
preparation Characteristics: Cutting part of bur has tapered
Characteristics: Cutting part of bur has parallel sides sides with horizontal cutting
edges

Instrument: Taper Fissure Plain Cut Instrument: Carbide Football Finishing

Bur
Function: To cut cavity preparation; to form Function: To finish composite restoration by
angles in walls of cavity preparation restoring anatomy in tooth; to
equilibrate or adjust occlusion
Characteristics: Cutting part of bur has tapered sides Characteristics: Shaped like a football

35
 BURS FOR HIGH SPEED AND LOW SPEED HANDPIECES

Instrument: Diamond Football Instrument: Mandrel

Function: To reduce a tooth for crown Function: To be used by inserting into a dental
preparation for subgingival margins handpiece; to attach discs to
mandrel for finishing and polishing
inside or outside of oral cavity
Characteristics: Different grits: coarse to super-fine; Characteristics: Different shanks: 1. Long shank
various shapes and sizes; super-fine straight slow-speed handpiece; 2.
used finishing restorations. short latch-type shank contra-
angle slow speed handpiece.

Instrument: Polishing Discs Instrument: Diamond Flat-End Taper

Function: To contour (coarse grit) or Function: To reduce a tooth for crown

polish and smooth (extra-fine preparation when a square
grit) restorative material shoulder is needed

Characteristics: Different grits: coarse to extra- Characteristics: Different grits: coarse to super-
fine; various sizes; snap-on (with fine; various sizes and shapes;
metal center) or screw-on super-fine used for finishing
restorations

Instrument: Diamond Flat-End Cylinder

Function: To reduce a tooth for crown
preparation when parallel walls
and flat floors are needed
Characteristics: Different grits: coarse to super-
fine; various sizes and shapes;
super-fine used for finishing
restorations 36
 PULPOTOMY/ OPEN & MED. TRAY SET-UP

12
13
10 14 16
15
9 11

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
20 21

18
19
17

30

23
22

26 27
31

33

24 25 32
28 29 34

37
 PULPOTOMY/ OPEN & MED. TRAY SET-UP

1.Mouth Mirror
2 8. Endo Set
9. Cotton Forcep
10. Metal Ruler
11. Articulating Paper Holder
12. Articulating Paper
13. Floss
14. Cotton Rolls
15. 2x2 Gauzes
16. Topical Anesthetic
17. High Speed Handpiece
18. Restorative Bur Block
19. Syringe
20. Anesthetic Carpules
21. Needle
22. Sodium Hypochloride (Bleach)
23. Chlorohexidine
24. Nerve Broaches
25. Endofiles
26. Monoject with Yellow Needle
27. Monoject with Blue Needle
28. Root Canal Lubricant
29. Low Speed Handpiece
30. IRM
31. Mixing Pad
32. Paper Points
33. Calcium Hydroxide
34. Mixing Spatula
38
 ROOT CANAL TRAY SET-UP

12
13
10 14 16
15
9 11

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
20 21

18
19
17

30

23
22
29
35
31
26 27 28

32

24 25 33

34

39
 ROOT CANAL (FINISH) INSTRUMENTS

1.Mouth Mirror
2 8. Endo Set
9. Cotton Forcep
10. Metal Ruler
11. Articulating Paper Holder
12. Articulating Paper
13. Floss
14. Cotton Rolls
15. 2x2 Gauzes
16. Topical Anesthetic
17. High Speed Handpiece
18. Restorative Bur Block
19. Syringe
20. Anesthetic Carpules
21. Needle
22. Sodium Hypochloride (Bleach)
23. Chlorohexidine
24. Nerve Broaches
25. Endofiles
26. Monoject with Yellow Needle
27. Monoject with Blue Needle
28. Root Canal Lubricant
29. Low Speed Handpiece
30. IRM
31. Mixing Pad
32. Paper Points
33, 34. Gutta Percha Points
35. Mixing Spatula
40
 DRY SOCKET TRAY SET-UP

5 6

4 7
1 8

DRY SOCKET TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. Cotton Rolls
2. 2x2 Gauzes
3. Topical Anesthetic
4. Eugenol
5. Mouth Mirror
6. Explorer/ Perioprobe
7. Cotton Forcep
8. Scissors
41
 FULL DENTURE ALIGINATE IMPRESSION TRAY SET-UP

1
6
2

5
3

8
7
4 10
9

TRAY SET-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. MIXING BOWL
2. ALIGNATE MATERIAL
3. 2X2 GAUZES
4. COTTON ROLLS
5. MIXING SPATULA
6. LOWER IMPRESSION TRAY
7. UPPER IMPRESSION TRAY
8. COTTON FORCEP
9. EXPLORER/ PERIOPROBE
10. MOUTH MIRROR
42
 CROWN PREP TRAY SEP-UP

9 15 16
1 12
13
17

4 8

18
5 6
10 11
14
2 3 7

23

19

20

24

21

25
22

43
 CROWN PREP TRAY SEP-UP INSTRUMENTS

1. CORDS
2. BITE BLOCK
3. TEMP CEMENT
4. CROWN & BRIDGE BUR BLOCK
5. VISCOSTAT
6. SCISSORS
7. ARTICULATING PAPER
8. CORD PACKER
9. ANESTHETIC CARPULES
10. NEEDLE
11. SYRINGE
12. COTTON FORCEP
13. MOUTH MIRROR
14. FLOSS
15. EXPLORER/ PERIOPROBE
16. COTTON ROLLS
17. 2X2 GAUZES
18. TRIPLE TRAY X 3
19. IMPRESSION MATERIAL GUN X3
20. BITE REGISTRATION
21. LIGHT BODY
22. HEAVY BODY
23. BITE REGISTRATION TIP (TEAL)
24. LIGHT BODY TIP ( YELLOW WITH TIP)
25. HEAVY BODY TIP (TEAL)

44
 CREDITS

A BIG THANK YOU TO:

BOYD YU: Helped with page format for the tray

set-ups and number-labeling Composite,
Amalgam, and Prophy tray set-ups

CLIFF LEE: Took photos of the Endo tray set-ups

45